WHO Model List of Essential Medicines

The WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (aka Essential Medicines List or EML ), published by the World Health Organization (WHO), contains the medications considered to be most effective and safe to meet the most important needs in a health system. The list is frequently used by countries to help develop their own local lists of essential medicines. , more than 155 countries have created national lists of essential medicines based on the World Health Organization's model list. This includes both developed and developing countries.

The list is divided into core items and complementary items. The core items are deemed to be the most cost-effective options for key health problems and are usable with little additional health care resources. The complementary items either require additional infrastructure such as specially trained health care providers or diagnostic equipment or have a lower cost–benefit ratio. About 25% of items are in the complementary list. Some medications are listed as both core and complementary. While most medications on the list are available as generic products, being under patent does not preclude inclusion.

The first list was published in 1977 and included 208 medications. The WHO updates the list every two years. There are 306 medications in the 14th list in 2005, 410 in the 19th list in 2015, 433 in the 20th list in 2017, 460 in the 21st list in 2019, and 479 in the 22nd list in 2021. Various national lists contain between 334 and 580 medications. The Essential Medicines List (EML) was updated in July 2023 to its 23rd edition. This list contains 1200 recommendations for 591 drugs and 103 therapeutic equivalents.

A separate list for children up to 12 years of age, known as the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children (EMLc), was created in 2007 and is in its 9th edition. It was created to make sure that the needs of children were systematically considered such as availability of proper formulations. Everything in the children's list is also included in the main list. The list and notes are based on the 19th to 23rd edition of the main list. Therapeutic alternatives with similar clinical performance are listed for some medicines and they may be considered for national essential medicines lists. The 9th Essential Medicines List for Children was updated in July 2023.

Note: An α indicates a medicine is on the complementary list.

Inhalational medicines

 * Halothane
 * Isoflurane
 * Nitrous oxide
 * Oxygen
 * Sevoflurane

Injectable medicines

 * Ketamine
 * Propofol
 * Thiopental

Local anaesthetics

 * Bupivacaine
 * Lidocaine
 * Lidocaine/epinephrine (lidocaine + epinephrine)

Complementary:
 * Ephedrine

Preoperative medication and sedation for short-term procedures

 * Atropine
 * Midazolam
 * Morphine

Medical gases

 * Oxygen

Non-opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIMs)

 * Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
 * Ibuprofen
 * Paracetamol (acetaminophen)

Opioid analgesics

 * Codeine
 * Fentanyl
 * Morphine

Complementary:
 * Methadone

Medicines for other common symptoms in palliative care

 * Amitriptyline
 * Cyclizine
 * Dexamethasone
 * Diazepam
 * Docusate sodium
 * Fluoxetine
 * Haloperidol
 * Hyoscine butylbromide
 * Hyoscine hydrobromide
 * Lactulose
 * Loperamide
 * Metoclopramide
 * Midazolam
 * Ondansetron
 * Senna

Antiallergics and medicines used in anaphylaxis

 * Dexamethasone
 * Epinephrine (adrenaline)
 * Hydrocortisone
 * Loratadine
 * Prednisolone

Non-specific

 * Charcoal, activated

Specific

 * Acetylcysteine
 * Atropine
 * Calcium gluconate
 * Methylthioninium chloride (methylene blue)
 * Naloxone
 * Penicillamine
 * Prussian blue
 * Sodium nitrite
 * Sodium thiosulfate

Complementary:
 * Deferoxamine
 * Dimercaprol
 * Fomepizole
 * Sodium calcium edetate
 * Succimer

Antiseizure medicines

 * Carbamazepine
 * Diazepam
 * Lamotrigine
 * Levetiracetam
 * Lorazepam
 * Magnesium sulfate
 * Midazolam
 * Phenobarbital
 * Phenytoin
 * Valproic acid (sodium valproate)

Complementary:
 * Ethosuximide
 * Levetiracetam
 * Valproic acid (sodium valproate)

Medicines for multiple sclerosis
Complementary:
 * Cladribine
 * Glatiramer acetate
 * Rituximab

Medicines for parkinsonism

 * Biperiden
 * Levodopa/carbidopa (levodopa + carbidopa)

Intestinal anthelmintics

 * Albendazole
 * Ivermectin
 * Levamisole
 * Mebendazole
 * Niclosamide
 * Praziquantel
 * Pyrantel

Antifilarials

 * Albendazole
 * Diethylcarbamazine
 * Ivermectin

Antischistosomals and other antinematode medicines

 * Praziquantel
 * Triclabendazole

Complementary:
 * Oxamniquine

Cysticidal medicines
Complementary:
 * Albendazole
 * Mebendazole
 * Praziquantel

Access group antibiotics

 * Amikacin
 * Amoxicillin
 * Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (amoxicillin + clavulanic acid)
 * Ampicillin
 * Benzathine benzylpenicillin
 * Benzylpenicillin
 * Cefalexin
 * Cefazolin
 * Chloramphenicol
 * Clindamycin
 * Cloxacillin
 * Doxycycline
 * Gentamicin
 * Metronidazole
 * Nitrofurantoin
 * Phenoxymethylpenicillin (penicillin V)
 * Procaine benzylpenicillin
 * Spectinomycin
 * Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim)
 * Trimethoprim

Watch group antibiotics

 * Azithromycin
 * Cefixime
 * Cefotaxime
 * Ceftriaxone
 * Cefuroxime
 * Ciprofloxacin
 * Clarithromycin
 * Piperacillin/tazobactam (piperacillin + tazobactam)
 * Vancomycin

Complementary:
 * Ceftazidime
 * Meropenem
 * Vancomycin

Reserve group antibiotics
Reserve antibiotics are last-resort antibiotics. The EML antibiotic book was published in 2022.

Complementary:
 * Cefiderocol
 * Ceftazidime/avibactam (ceftazidime + avibactam)
 * Ceftolozane/tazobactam (ceftolozane + tazobactam)
 * Colistin
 * Fosfomycin
 * Linezolid
 * Meropenem/vaborbactam (meropenem + vaborbactam)
 * Plazomicin
 * Polymyxin B

Antileprosy medicines

 * Clofazimine
 * Dapsone
 * Rifampicin

Antituberculosis medicines

 * Ethambutol
 * Ethambutol/isoniazid/pyrazinamide/rifampicin (ethambutol + isoniazid + pyrazinamide + rifampicin)
 * Ethambutol/isoniazid/rifampicin (ethambutol + isoniazid + rifampicin)
 * Ethionamide
 * Isoniazid
 * Isoniazid/pyrazinamide/rifampicin (isoniazid + pyrazinamide + rifampicin)
 * Isoniazid/rifampicin (isoniazid + rifampicin)
 * Isoniazid/rifapentine (isoniazid + rifapentine)
 * Moxifloxacin
 * Pyrazinamide
 * Rifabutin
 * Rifampicin
 * Rifapentine

Complementary:
 * Amikacin
 * Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (amoxicillin + clavulanic acid)
 * Bedaquiline
 * Clofazimine
 * Cycloserine
 * Delamanid
 * Ethionamide
 * Levofloxacin
 * Linezolid
 * Meropenem
 * Moxifloxacin
 * P-aminosalicylic acid (p-aminosalicylate sodium)
 * Pretomanid
 * Streptomycin

Antifungal medicines

 * Amphotericin B
 * Clotrimazole
 * Fluconazole
 * Flucytosine
 * Griseofulvin
 * Itraconazole
 * Nystatin
 * Voriconazole

Complementary:
 * Micafungin
 * Potassium iodide

Antiherpes medicines

 * Aciclovir

Nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors

 * Abacavir
 * Lamivudine
 * Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
 * Zidovudine

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

 * Efavirenz
 * Nevirapine

Protease inhibitors

 * Atazanavir/ritonavir (atazanavir + ritonavir)
 * Darunavir
 * Lopinavir/ritonavir (lopinavir + ritonavir)
 * Ritonavir

Integrase inhibitors

 * Dolutegravir
 * Raltegravir

Fixed-dose combinations of antiretroviral medicines

 * Abacavir/lamivudine (abacavir + lamivudine)
 * Dolutegravir/lamivudine/tenofovir (dolutegravir + lamivudine + tenofovir)
 * Efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir
 * Efavirenz/lamivudine/tenofovir (efavirenz + lamivudine + tenofovir)
 * Emtricitabine/tenofovir (emtricitabine + tenofovir)
 * Lamivudine/zidovudine (lamivudine + zidovudine)

Medicines for prevention of HIV-related opportunistic infections

 * Isoniazid/pyridoxine/sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (isoniazid + pyridoxine + sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim)

Other antivirals

 * Ribavirin
 * Valganciclovir

Complementary:
 * Oseltamivir
 * Valganciclovir

Nucleoside/Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors

 * Entecavir
 * Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate

Pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral combinations

 * Daclatasvir
 * Daclatasvir/sofosbuvir (daclatasvir + sofosbuvir)
 * Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (glecaprevir + pibrentasvir)
 * Ravidasvir
 * Sofosbuvir
 * Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (sofosbuvir + velpatasvir)

Non-pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral combinations

 * Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (ledipasvir + sofosbuvir)

Other antivirals for hepatitis C

 * Ribavirin

Antiamoebic and antigiardiasis medicines

 * Diloxanide
 * Metronidazole

Antileishmaniasis medicines

 * Amphotericin B
 * Meglumine antimoniate
 * Miltefosine
 * Paromomycin
 * Sodium stibogluconate

For curative treatment

 * Amodiaquine
 * Artemether
 * Artemether/lumefantrine (artemether + lumefantrine)
 * Artesunate
 * Artesunate/amodiaquine (artesunate + amodiaquine)
 * Artesunate/mefloquine (artesunate + mefloquine)
 * Artesunate/pyronaridine tetraphosphate (artesunate + pyronaridine tetraphosphate)
 * Chloroquine
 * Dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine phosphate (dihydroartemisinin + piperaquine phosphate)
 * Doxycycline
 * Mefloquine
 * Primaquine
 * Quinine
 * Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (sulfadoxine + pyrimethamine)

For chemoprevention

 * Amodiaquine + sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (Co-packaged)
 * Chloroquine
 * Doxycycline
 * Mefloquine
 * Proguanil
 * Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (sulfadoxine + pyrimethamine)

Antipneumocystosis and antitoxoplasmosis medicines

 * Pyrimethamine
 * Sulfadiazine
 * Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim)

Complementary:
 * Pentamidine

African trypanosomiasis

 * Fexinidazole

Medicines for the treatment of 1st stage African trypanosomiasis

 * Pentamidine
 * Suramin sodium

Medicines for the treatment of 2nd stage African trypanosomiasis

 * Eflornithine
 * Melarsoprol
 * Nifurtimox

Complementary:
 * Melarsoprol

American trypanosomiasis

 * Benznidazole
 * Nifurtimox

Medicines for ectoparasitic infections

 * Ivermectin

Medicines for Ebola virus disease

 * Ansuvimab
 * Atoltivimab/maftivimab/odesivimab (atoltivimab + maftivimab + odesivimab)

Medicines for COVID-19
No listings in this section.

For treatment of acute attack

 * Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
 * Ibuprofen
 * Paracetamol (acetaminophen)
 * Sumatriptan

For prophylaxis

 * Propranolol

Immunomodulators for non-malignant disease
Complementary:
 * Adalimumab
 * Azathioprine
 * Ciclosporin
 * Tacrolimus

Cytotoxic medicines
Complementary:
 * Arsenic trioxide
 * Asparaginase
 * Bendamustine
 * Bleomycin
 * Calcium folinate (leucovorin calcium)
 * Capecitabine
 * Carboplatin
 * Chlorambucil
 * Cisplatin
 * Cyclophosphamide
 * Cytarabine
 * Dacarbazine
 * Dactinomycin
 * Daunorubicin
 * Docetaxel
 * Doxorubicin
 * Doxorubicin (as pegylated liposomal)
 * Etoposide
 * Fludarabine
 * Fluorouracil
 * Gemcitabine
 * Hydroxycarbamide (hydroxyurea)
 * Ifosfamide
 * Irinotecan
 * Melphalan
 * Mercaptopurine
 * Methotrexate
 * Oxaliplatin
 * Paclitaxel
 * Pegaspargase
 * Procarbazine
 * Realgar Indigo naturalis formulation
 * Tioguanine
 * Vinblastine
 * Vincristine
 * Vinorelbine

Targeted therapies
Complementary:
 * All-trans retinoic acid (tretinoin) (ATRA)
 * Bortezomib
 * Dasatinib
 * Erlotinib
 * Everolimus
 * Ibrutinib
 * Imatinib
 * Nilotinib
 * Rituximab
 * Trastuzumab

Immunomodulators
Complementary:
 * Filgrastim
 * Lenalidomide
 * Nivolumab
 * Pegfilgrastim
 * Thalidomide

Hormones and antihormones
Complementary:
 * Abiraterone
 * Anastrozole
 * Bicalutamide
 * Dexamethasone
 * Hydrocortisone
 * Leuprorelin
 * Methylprednisolone
 * Prednisolone
 * Tamoxifen

Supportive medicines
Complementary:
 * Allopurinol
 * Mesna
 * Rasburicase
 * Zoledronic acid

Therapeutic foods

 * Ready-to-use therapeutic food

Antianaemia medicines

 * Ferrous salt
 * Ferrous salt/folic acid (ferrous salt + folic acid)
 * Folic acid
 * Hydroxocobalamin

Complementary:
 * Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents

Medicines affecting coagulation

 * Dabigatran
 * Enoxaparin
 * Heparin sodium
 * Phytomenadione
 * Protamine sulfate
 * Tranexamic acid
 * Warfarin

Complementary:
 * Desmopressin
 * Heparin sodium
 * Protamine sulfate
 * Warfarin

Other medicines for haemoglobinopathies

 * Deferasirox

Complementary:
 * Deferoxamine
 * Hydroxycarbamide (hydroxyurea)

Blood and blood components

 * Cryoprecipitate, pathogen-reduced
 * Fresh frozen plasma
 * Platelets
 * Red blood cells
 * Whole blood

Human immunoglobulins

 * Rho(D) immune globulin (anti-D immunoglobulin)
 * Anti-rabies immunoglobulin
 * Anti-tetanus immunoglobulin

Complementary:
 * Normal immunoglobulin

Blood coagulation factors
Complementary:
 * Coagulation factor VIII
 * Coagulation factor IX

Plasma substitutes

 * Dextran 70

Antianginal medicines

 * Bisoprolol
 * Glyceryl trinitrate
 * Isosorbide dinitrate
 * Verapamil

Antiarrhythmic medicines

 * Bisoprolol
 * Digoxin
 * Epinephrine (adrenaline)
 * Lidocaine
 * Verapamil

Complementary:
 * Amiodarone

Antihypertensive medicines

 * Amlodipine
 * Bisoprolol
 * Enalapril
 * Hydralazine
 * Hydrochlorothiazide
 * Lisinopril/amlodipine (lisinopril + amlodipine)
 * Lisinopril/hydrochlorothiazide (lisinopril + hydrochlorothiazide)
 * Losartan
 * Methyldopa
 * Telmisartan/amlodipine (telmisartan + amlodipine)
 * Telmisartan/hydrochlorothiazide (telmisartan + hydrochlorothiazide)

Complementary:
 * Sodium nitroprusside

Medicines used in heart failure

 * Bisoprolol
 * Digoxin
 * Enalapril
 * Furosemide
 * Hydrochlorothiazide
 * Losartan
 * Spironolactone

Complementary:
 * Digoxin
 * Dopamine

Anti-platelet medicines

 * Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
 * Clopidogrel

Thrombolytic medicines
Complementary:
 * Alteplase
 * Streptokinase

Lipid-lowering agents

 * Simvastatin

Fixed-dose combinations for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

 * Acetylsalicylic acid/atorvastatin/ramipril (acetylsalicylic acid + atorvastatin + ramipril)
 * Acetylsalicylic acid/simvastatin/ramipril/atenolol/hydrochlorothiazide (acetylsalicylic acid + simvastatin + ramipril + atenolol + hydrochlorothiazide)
 * Atorvastatin/perindopril/amlodipine (atorvastatin + perindopril + amlodipine)

Antifungal medicines

 * Miconazole
 * Selenium sulfide
 * Sodium thiosulfate
 * Terbinafine

Anti-infective medicines

 * Mupirocin
 * Potassium permanganate
 * Silver sulfadiazine

Anti-inflammatory and antipruritic medicines

 * Betamethasone
 * Calamine
 * Hydrocortisone

Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation

 * Benzoyl peroxide
 * Calcipotriol
 * Coal tar
 * Fluorouracil
 * Podophyllum resin
 * Salicylic acid
 * Urea

Complementary:
 * Methotrexate

Scabicides and pediculicides

 * Benzyl benzoate
 * Permethrin

Ophthalmic medicines

 * Fluorescein
 * Tropicamide

Radiocontrast media

 * Amidotrizoate
 * Barium sulfate
 * Iohexol

Complementary:
 * Barium sulfate
 * Meglumine iotroxate

Antiseptics

 * Chlorhexidine
 * Ethanol
 * Povidone iodine

Disinfectants

 * Alcohol based hand rub
 * Chlorine base compound
 * Chloroxylenol
 * Glutaral

Diuretics

 * Amiloride
 * Furosemide
 * Hydrochlorothiazide
 * Mannitol
 * Spironolactone

Complementary:
 * Hydrochlorothiazide
 * Mannitol
 * Spironolactone

Gastrointestinal medicines
Complementary:
 * Pancreatic enzymes

Antiulcer medicines

 * Omeprazole
 * Ranitidine

Antiemetic medicines

 * Dexamethasone
 * Metoclopramide
 * Ondansetron

Complementary:
 * Aprepitant

Anti-inflammatory medicines

 * Sulfasalazine

Complementary:
 * Hydrocortisone
 * Prednisolone

Laxatives

 * Senna

Medicines used in diarrhoea

 * Oral rehydration salts + zinc sulfate (Co-packaged)

Oral rehydration

 * Oral rehydration salts

Medicines for diarrhoea

 * Zinc sulfate

Adrenal hormones and synthetic substitutes

 * Fludrocortisone
 * Hydrocortisone

Androgens
Complementary:
 * Testosterone

Estrogens
No listings in this section.

Progestogens

 * Medroxyprogesterone acetate

Insulins

 * Insulin injection (soluble)
 * Intermediate-acting insulin
 * Long-acting insulin analogues

Oral hypoglycaemic agents

 * Empagliflozin
 * Gliclazide
 * Metformin

Complementary:
 * Metformin

Medicines for hypoglycaemia

 * Glucagon

Complementary:
 * Diazoxide

Thyroid hormones and antithyroid medicines

 * Levothyroxine
 * Potassium iodide
 * Methimazole
 * Propylthiouracil

Complementary:
 * Lugol's solution
 * Methimazole
 * Potassium iodide
 * Propylthiouracil

Medicines for disorders of the pituitary hormone system

 * Cabergoline

Complementary:
 * Octreotide

Diagnostic agents

 * Tuberculin, purified protein derivative (PPD)

Sera, immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies

 * Anti-rabies virus monoclonal antibodies
 * Antivenom immunoglobulin
 * Diphtheria antitoxin
 * Equine rabies immunoglobulin

Vaccines


Recommendations for all
 * BCG vaccine
 * Diphtheria vaccine
 * Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine
 * Hepatitis B vaccine
 * Human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine
 * Measles vaccine
 * Pertussis vaccine
 * Pneumococcal vaccine
 * Poliomyelitis vaccine
 * Rotavirus vaccine
 * Rubella vaccine
 * Tetanus vaccine

Recommendations for certain regions
 * Japanese encephalitis vaccine
 * Tick-borne encephalitis vaccine
 * Yellow fever vaccine

Recommendations for some high-risk populations
 * Cholera vaccine
 * Dengue vaccine
 * Hepatitis A vaccine
 * Meningococcal meningitis vaccine
 * Rabies vaccine
 * Typhoid vaccine

Recommendations for immunization programmes with certain characteristics
 * Influenza vaccine (seasonal)
 * Mumps vaccine
 * Varicella vaccine

Muscle relaxants (peripherally-acting) and cholinesterase inhibitors

 * Atracurium
 * Neostigmine
 * Suxamethonium
 * Vecuronium

Complementary:
 * Pyridostigmine
 * Vecuronium

Anti-infective agents

 * Aciclovir
 * Azithromycin
 * Erythromycin
 * Gentamicin
 * Natamycin
 * Ofloxacin
 * Tetracycline

Anti-inflammatory agents

 * Prednisolone

Local anesthetics

 * Tetracaine

Miotics and antiglaucoma medicines

 * Acetazolamide
 * Latanoprost
 * Pilocarpine
 * Timolol

Mydriatics

 * Atropine

Complementary:
 * Epinephrine (adrenaline)

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) preparations
Complementary:
 * Bevacizumab

Oral hormonal contraceptives

 * Ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel (ethinylestradiol + levonorgestrel)
 * Ethinylestradiol/norethisterone (ethinylestradiol + norethisterone)
 * Levonorgestrel
 * Ulipristal

Injectable hormonal contraceptives

 * Estradiol cypionate/medroxyprogesterone acetate (estradiol cypionate + medroxyprogesterone acetate)
 * Medroxyprogesterone acetate
 * Norethisterone enantate

Intrauterine devices

 * Copper-containing device
 * Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system

Barrier methods

 * Condoms
 * Diaphragms

Implantable contraceptives

 * Etonogestrel-releasing implant
 * Levonorgestrel-releasing implant

Intravaginal contraceptives

 * Ethinylestradiol/etonogestrel (ethinylestradiol + etonogestrel)
 * Progesterone vaginal ring

Ovulation inducers
Complementary:
 * Clomifene
 * Letrozole

Uterotonics

 * Carbetocin
 * Ergometrine
 * Mifepristone + misoprostol (Co-packaged)
 * Misoprostol
 * Oxytocin

Antioxytocics (tocolytics)

 * Nifedipine

Other medicines administered to the mother

 * Dexamethasone
 * Multiple micronutrient supplement
 * Tranexamic acid

Medicines administered to the neonate

 * Caffeine citrate
 * Chlorhexidine

Complementary:
 * Ibuprofen
 * Prostaglandin E1
 * Surfactant

Peritoneal dialysis solution
Complementary:
 * Intraperitoneal dialysis solution (of appropriate composition)

Medicines used in psychotic disorders

 * Fluphenazine
 * Haloperidol
 * Olanzapine
 * Paliperidone
 * Risperidone

Complementary:
 * Clozapine

Medicines used in depressive disorders

 * Amitriptyline
 * Fluoxetine

Medicines used in bipolar disorders

 * Carbamazepine
 * Lithium carbonate
 * Quetiapine
 * Valproic acid (sodium valproate)

Medicines for anxiety disorders

 * Diazepam
 * Fluoxetine

Medicines used for obsessive compulsive disorders

 * Clomipramine
 * Fluoxetine

Medicines for alcohol use disorders

 * Acamprosate calcium
 * Naltrexone

Medicines for nicotine use disorders

 * Bupropion
 * Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT)
 * Varenicline

Complementary:
 * Methadone

Antiasthmatic medicines and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

 * Budesonide
 * Budesonide/formoterol (budesonide + formoterol)
 * Epinephrine (adrenaline)
 * Ipratropium bromide
 * Salbutamol
 * Tiotropium

Oral

 * Oral rehydration salts
 * Potassium chloride

Parenteral

 * Glucose
 * Glucose with sodium chloride
 * Potassium chloride
 * Sodium chloride
 * Sodium hydrogen carbonate
 * Sodium lactate, compound solution (Ringer's lactate solution)

Miscellaneous

 * Water for injection

Vitamins and minerals

 * Ascorbic acid
 * Calcium
 * Colecalciferol
 * Ergocalciferol
 * Iodine
 * Multiple micronutrient powder
 * Nicotinamide
 * Pyridoxine
 * Retinol
 * Riboflavin
 * Thiamine

Complementary:
 * Calcium gluconate

Ear, nose and throat medicines

 * Acetic acid
 * Budesonide
 * Ciprofloxacin
 * Xylometazoline

Medicines used to treat gout

 * Allopurinol

Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs)

 * Chloroquine

Complementary:
 * Azathioprine
 * Hydroxychloroquine
 * Methotrexate
 * Penicillamine
 * Sulfasalazine

Medicines for juvenile joint diseases
Complementary:
 * Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
 * Adalimumab
 * Methotrexate
 * Triamcinolone hexacetonide

Dental medicines and preparations

 * Fluoride
 * Glass ionomer cement
 * Resin-based composite (low-viscosity)
 * Resin-based composite (high-viscosity)
 * Silver diamine fluoride