Surnadal

Surnadal is a municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is part of the Nordmøre region. The administrative centre is the village of Skei. Other villages in Surnadal include Glærem, Mo, Stangvik, Surnadalsøra, Sylte, Todalsøra, and Åsskard.

A mild climate and rich soil make Surnadal well suited for agriculture. The local economy is based on agriculture, forestry, and industrial production, in addition to services.

The 1366 km2 municipality is the 68th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Surnadal is the 161st most populous municipality in Norway, with a population of 5,912. The municipality's population density is 4.5 PD/km2 and its population has decreased by 0.3% over the previous 10-year period.

General information
The parish of Surnadal was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). In 1858, the eastern district (population: 2,684) was separated from Surnadal to form the new Rindal Municipality. This left Surnadal with 3,105 residents. On 1 January 1877, part of Stangvik Municipality (population: 50) was transferred to Surnadal. In 1879, part of Surnadal (population: 83) was transferred to the neighboring Stangvik Municipality. On 1 January 1886, the Møklegjerdet farm (population: 29), just west of the village of Glærem, was transferred from Stangvik to Surnadal. On 1 January 1897, the Sjøflot farm (population: 27) was also transferred from Stangvik to Surnadal. During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1965, all of Åsskard Municipality (population: 1,014) and most of Stangvik Municipality (population: 1,386) were merged with Surnadal Municipality (population: 3,534) to create a new, larger municipality of Surnadal with a total population of 5,934.

Name
The municipality (originally the parish) is named after the Surnadalen valley (Súrnardalr). The first element is the genitive case of the river name Surna. The meaning of the river name is unknown. The last element is which means "valley" or "dale". Historically, the name of the municipality was spelled Surendalen. On 3 November 1917, a royal resolution changed the spelling of the name of the municipality to Surnadal.

Coat of arms
The coat of arms was granted on 27 October 1989. The official blazon is "Vert, two bends engrailed above and invected below argent" (På grøn grunn ein skråstilt sølv tvillingstreng laga med taggesnitt). This means the arms have a green field (background) and the charge is two bends that have wavy edges. The charge has a tincture of argent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The wavy lines represent the many rivers and streams in the municipality, the most notable one being the Surna. The arms were designed by Even Jarle Skoglund. The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms.

Churches
The Church of Norway has five parishes (sokn) within the municipality of Surnadal. It is part of the Indre Nordmøre prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Møre.

Geography
The municipality is made up by the main valley, Surnadalen through which the river Surna runs. There are also many smaller side valleys including Stor-Bæverdalen, Settemsdalen, Øvstbødalen, Todalen, and Vinddøldalen. The municipality is bordered by the Trollheimen mountain range and Sunndal Municipality to the south, the neighboring Rindal Municipality to the east, Heim Municipality to the north, and several fjords to the west: Trongfjorden, Stangvikfjorden, and Todalsfjorden. There are three main fjords that cut into the municipality: Åsskardfjorden, Hamnesfjorden, and Surnadalsfjorden.

The landscape is a combination of forests, fjords, and mountains. The highest mountain peak is Snota at 1668 m above sea level. Other mountains include Vassnebba, Indre Sula and Ytre Sula, Neådalssnota, and Trollhetta. The river Surna runs through the valley from the east to the west, and forms a large delta where it enters the fjord near Surnadalsøra and Skei. This river is rich in salmon, which attract tourists from the rest of the country and abroad. The lakes Foldsjøen and Gråsjøen lie along the border with the municipality of Rindal in the east. The Grønkjølen Nature Reserve lies in the extreme northeast of the municipality.

Climate
Surnadal is situated at the head of a long fjord some distance from the coast and has an oceanic climate or humid continental climate, depending on winter threshold used (-3 C) gives oceanic, 0 C gives humid continental). The wettest season is August–December, while Feb - May is the driest. The record high 33.6 C recorded 27 July 2018. The warmest night was 29 July 2018 with low 24.5 C. On 14 October 2018 a high of 25.5 C was recorded in Surnadal, the second warmest October temperature in Norway. Winter temperatures can get below -20 C, although that is rare. February 2010 a low of -23.4 C was recorded.

Government
Surnadal Municipality is responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, welfare and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads and utilities. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council. The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Møre og Romsdal District Court and the Frostating Court of Appeal.

Municipal council
The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Surnadal is made up of 27 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by political party.

Mayors
The mayors (ordførar) of Surnadal (incomplete list):


 * 1945–1955: Anders Sæterøy (Ap)
 * 1965–1967: Olav T. Halle (Sp)
 * 1968–1971: Petter Garte (Ap)
 * 1972–1975: Erik Brøske (Ap)
 * 1976–1983: Nils Magnar Torvik (Sp)
 * 1984–1986: Helge Røv (Ap)
 * 1987–1991: Helge Vold (Ap)
 * 1992–1995: Ola O. Fiske (Sp)
 * 1995–1996: Asbjørn Ørsal (Ap)
 * 1997–2007: Bergsvein Brøske (Sp)
 * 2007–2014: Mons Otnes (Ap)
 * 2014–2019: Lilly Gunn Nyheim (Ap)
 * 2019–2023: Margrethe Svinvik (Sp)
 * 2023-present: Hugo Pedersen (Sp)

Transportation
Transportation services include ferries to the southwest and the northwest, which lead to the coastal areas of Møre og Romsdal, and a highway to the city of Trondheim to the east.

Notable people



 * Ole Andreas Lindeman (1769–1857), a musician, organist, composer, and music educator
 * Hans Holten (1892–1973), a newspaper editor
 * Hans Hyldbakk (1898–2001), folklore poet
 * Anders Sæterøy (1901–1991), a politician and Mayor of Surnadal three times after WWII
 * Kaare Espolin Johnson (1907–1994), an artist and illustrator
 * Helge Seip (1919–2004), a politician and leader of the Liberal party
 * Alf Ramsøy (1925–2014), a long-distance runner, cross-country skier, actor, and farmer
 * Sverre Årnes (born 1949), a writer of serial novels, short stories, and articles
 * Henning Sommerro (born 1952), a musician, composer and academic
 * Lars Steinar Ansnes (born 1956), an editor
 * Euronymous (1968–1993), a member of early Norwegian black metal scene whose real name is Øystein Aarseth
 * Rune Gjeldnes (born 1971), an adventurer and explorer
 * Ivar Loe Bjørnstad (born 1981), a jazz and rock musician