Talk:HLA-A

Untitled
The following section was removed as it showed no relevance with HLA-A

Major rewrite
I understand this article was due for a clean-up. I have restructured the article and cleaned-up. PB666 yap 14:06, 15 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Restructured the protein-box, created a new protein box that handles heterodimers _cleanly_
 * Created a new section for the HLA-A gene.
 * Reworked tables so they are compact and fit between text.
 * Moved historical guide to new page.
 * Cleaned up the HLA-A gene infobox will move structures to pertinent HLA-Ax pages when I have time.
 * The New protein boxes are non-compact, I believe this is due to transludation which often introduces unneccesary spaces, I see alot of problems in the boxes for HLA, there should be a separate instance of the box used for HLA genes.

Archaic Hominid Introgression
From "Origin and plasticity of MHC I-associated self peptides" Nov 12, 2011 (Accessible link)
 * The TCR of classic adaptive CD8 T cells recognizes MHC I-associated peptides (MIPs). MHC I genes are polygenic, extremely polymorphic and represent the most conserved MHC genes. In most modern human populations, the majority of MHC I alleles have been acquired by introgression from archaic humans (Neanderthals and Denisovans)

From "The Shaping of Modern Human Immune Systems by Multiregional Admixture with Archaic Humans" August 25 2011 (Accessible link)
 * From the combined frequencies of these six alleles, we estimate the putative archaic HLA-A ancestry to be >50% in Europe, >70% in Asia, and >95% in parts of PNG (Fig. 4, C and D). These estimates for HLA class I arc much higher than the genome-wide estimates of introgression (1-6%), showing how limited interbreeding with archaic humans has, in combination with natural selection, significantly shaped the HLA system in modern human populations outside of Africa. Our results demonstrate how highly polymorphic HLA genes can be sensitive probes of introgression, and we predict the same will apply to other polymorphic immunesystem genes, for example the killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) of NK cells. Present in the Denisovan genome (11), a candidate KIR for introgression is KIR3DS1 *013 (Fig. 4E), rare in sub-Saharan Africans, but the most common KIR3DL1/S1 allele outside Africa (24).

From "Virus-hunter gatherers" October 2011 (Accessible link)
 * And could this have been a dangerous liaison? Human HLA alleles that are associated with autoimmune diseases were present in Denisovans. Study co-author Paul Norman proposes that when we acquired those genes "we weren't kind of prepared for them, we hadn't grown up with them ... they can start to attack us as well as the viruses" (Today Online, 27 Aug 2011).

Slartibartfastibast (talk) 02:10, 17 November 2011 (UTC)