Talk:Ledo Kaili language

A word from the author
I created this article on request. It is the wikified translation of a scholarly paper I presented at various occasions. It also draws on the German version. I don't know too muc about the formatting and quoting conventions here, so please feel free to correct and edit the article. If there are any questions, please contact me on my main discussion page or by email --Janwo Disc./Mail 18:01, 2 May 2011 (UTC)

Minor spelling corrections
I (Evans) have lived in the area and studied Ledo for many years. Today I made a few minor corrections of spelling, etc maybe another day I can respond to some of the grammar issues. I also added Kabupaten Sigi as it was split off of Donggala a couple of years ago.

I deleted the schwa as there is definitely no schwa in Kaili. In fact when speaking Indonesian they usually substitute "a" or "o" for the Indonesian schwa.

The "v" sound is technically a voiced bilabial fricative /β/. Orthographically this is usually written as a "v" although because of the Dutch influence (where English "v" is written "w" in Dutch) many people also write this sound with a "w" especially in older literature. The local government made a decison back in the 1970's that Kaili should be written with a "v" so "officially" that is how it is, but as I say, many people still prefer the "w". The problem with the "v" is that outsiders tend to pronounce it as "f" (Dutch pronounces the letter 'v' as an [f] and there is no "f" in Kaili. Outsiders also don't pronounce it correctly when it's written with a "w" but perhaps Kaili people find that pronunciation less annoying to the ear than the "f"! Ayway, I corrected the 'w's and made them 'v'

There is also a quote where the word ningali is used. I didn't change that but I have never heard that form. The root word is ali (ali = price, cost). What I do hear is nangali 'buy (active)' or niali 'was bought (passive)'. But perhaps that data is taken from some old published document? Perhaps it was at one time used in some area??? Or more likely it was just mis-transcribed??

The Nasal + C has usually been analyzed as pre-nasalized stops. People do pronounce it as one sound and it functions as one unit in syllable structure. I suspect that historically it developed from the loss of vowels, indeed it is created in the affixation of words but native speakers now do seem to treat it as a single consonant. There are a number of roots that begin with prenasalized stops, whatever their historical development was.

Raranggonau (talk) 04:27, 4 September 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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