Thioxanthate

In chemistry, a thioxanthate is an organosulfur compound with the formula RSCS2X. When X is an alkali metal, the thioxanthate is a salt. When X is a transition metal, the thioxanthate is a ligand, and when X is an organic group, the compounds are called thioxanthate esters. They are usually yellow colored compounds that often dissolve in organic solvents. They are used as precursors to some catalysts, froth flotation agents, and additives for lubricants.

Preparation and reactions
The alkali metal thioxanthates are produced by treating a thiol with a base in the presence of carbon disulfide, as illustrated by the preparation of sodium ethyl thioxanthate:.
 * EtSH +  NaOH  +  CS2   →   EtSCS$− 2$Na+  +  H2O

Sodium ethyl thioxanthate is similar structurally to sodium ethyl xanthate.

Alkylation of such thioxanthate anions gives thioxanthate esters, as illustrated by the preparation of ethyl methyl thioxanthate:
 * EtSCS$− 2$Na+ +  MeI  →   EtSCS2Me  +  NaI

Thioxanthate esters are also called esters of trithiocarbonate.