User:MahjongLover1998/sandbox

Fire Department
Officially organized in 1869, the Camden Fire Department (CFD) is the oldest paid fire department in New Jersey and is among the oldest paid fire departments in the United States. In 1916, the CFD was the first in the United States that had an all-motorized fire apparatus fleet. Layoffs have forced the city to rely on assistance from suburban fire departments in surrounding communities when firefighters from all 10 fire companies are unavailable due to calls.

The Camden Fire Department currently operates out of five fire stations, organized into two battalions. Each battalion is commanded by a battalion chief, who in turn reports to a deputy chief. The CFD currently operates five engine companies, one squad (rescue-pumper), three ladder companies, and one rescue company, as well as several other special, support, and reserve units. The department's fireboat is docked on the Delaware River. Currently, the quarters of Squad 7, a rescue-pumper, located at 1115 Kaighn Avenue, has been closed for renovations. Squad 7 is currently operating out of the Broadway Station. Since 2010, the Camden Fire Department has suffered severe economic cutbacks, including company closures and staffing cuts.

Fire station locations and operations
The following is a list of all fire stations and company locations in the city of Camden: There is an apparatus fleet of 5 Engines, 1 Squad (rescue-pumper), 1 Rescue Company, 1 Haz-Mat Unit, 1 Collapse Rescue Unit, 3 Ladder Companies, 1 Fireboat, 1 Air Cascade Unit, 1 Chief of department, 3 Deputy Chiefs, 1 Chief Fire Marshall and 2 Battalion Chiefs Units. Each shift is commanded by two Battalion Chiefs and one Deputy Chief.

Police Department
In 2005, the Camden Police Department was operated by the state. In 2011, it was announced that a new county police department would be formed, which would only patrol areas inside the city.

For two years, Camden experienced its lowest homicide rate since 2008. Camden also reorganized its police disbandment that same year. In 2011, Camden's budget was $167 million with $55 million allotted for police spending. However, the police force still experienced a budgetary shortfall when state aid fell through. Camden was rated No. 5 nationwide for homicides with approximately 87 murders per 100,000 residents in 2012. The city added crime-fighting tactics like surveillance cameras, better street lighting, and curfews for children. Although they added these tactics, the number of murders had risen again. As a last resort, officers were only authorized to use handguns and handcuffs.

Robberies, property crimes, nonfatal shooting incidents, violent crimes, and aggravated assaults have declined since 2012. In November 2012, Camden began the process of terminating 273 officers to later hire 400 new officers, out of the 2,000 applicants that have already submitted letters of interest to the county, to have a fresh start of a larger, non-unionized group to safeguard the nation's poorest city. The city's officers rejected a contract proposal from the county that would have allowed approximately all 260 Camden county's police officers to Camden Police Metro Division, to only 49% of them to be eligible to be rehired once the 141-year-old department becomes disbanded.

Although the homicide rate averaged 48 since 2008, in April 2013 the city reported 57 homicides in a population of 77,000, compared to 67 homicides in 2012. In mid-March 2013, Camden residents would have noticed the first changes once the first group of officers became employed, and were in an eight-week field of training on the Camden streets. On May 1, 2013, Camden County's Police Department was disbanded due to a union contract that made it financially impossible to keep officers on the street. While the existing county officers were still present, Camden County's Police Department brought in 25 new officers to train in neighborhoods in hopes they could regain the trust of local communities. The members of the new "county" police force had lower salaries, along with fewer benefits, than they had received from the city. Because of the reorganized force in 2013, the number of cops in the streets has increased, and spread throughout Camden. Camden's new police force began patrolling in tandem, speaking with residents, and driving patrol cars. Camden County Police Department hosted several Meet Your Officers events to further engage with residents.

In 2018, the Camden County Police Department reported that violent crime had dropped 18%, led by a 21% decline in aggravated assaults; overall nonviolent crimes fell by 12%, the number of arson incidents fell by 29%, burglaries by 21%, and non-fatal "shooting hit incidents" had dropped by 15%. In 2017 there were 23 homicides reported, which was a 30-year low. In 2018, 2019, and 2020, there were 22, 24, and 23 homicides respectively.

A CNN report proposed that Camden might be a national model for what police abolition or "defunding the police" could look like. The report noted that Camden still had its own police force, but it was being administered by a different body, and had changed some of its overall procedures and policies. A report in The Morning Call noted that the county police department, which is distinct from the county sheriff's office, and operates solely in Camden, had a budget of $68.5 million in 2020, compared to the city department's $55 million in 2011, shortly prior to its dissolution, and that police funding in Camden was higher on a per capita basis than that of other NJ cities with their own city-run departments. There are 380 full-time officers in the county-run department.

Crime
Camden once had a national reputation for its violent crime rates, although recent years have seen a significant drop in violent crime, with 2017 seeing the lowest number of homicides in three decades.

Morgan Quitno has ranked Camden as one of the top ten most dangerous cities in the United States since 1998, when they first included cities with populations less than 100,000. Camden was ranked as the third-most dangerous city in 2002, and the most dangerous city overall in 2004 and 2005. It improved to the fifth spot for the 2006 and 2007 rankings but rose to number two in 2008  and to the most dangerous spot in 2009. Morgan Quitno based its rankings on crime statistics reported to the Federal Bureau of Investigation in six categories: murder, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, and auto theft. In 2011 in The Nation, journalist Chris Hedges described Camden as "the physical refuse of postindustrial America", plagued with homelessness, drug trafficking, prostitution, robbery, looting, constant violence, and an overwhelmed police force (which in 2011 lost nearly half of its officers to budget-related layoffs).

On October 29, 2012, the FBI announced Camden was ranked first in violent crime per capita of cities with over 50,000 residents.

There were 23 homicides in Camden in 2017, the lowest since 1987 and almost half as many as the 44 murders the previous year. Both homicides and non-fatal shootings have declined sharply since 2012, when there were a record 67 homicides in the city. In 2020 there were again 23 homicides reported. 2021 saw 23 homicides and a further reduction in violent crime, contrasting national trends.

Total violent crime in the city declined in 2022, despite 28 murders and a spike of 29% in non-violent crime, highlighted by a sharp increase in car-related crime.

Early History
In the early 17th century, the Dutch West India Company established Fort Nassau where the Delaware River meets Big Timber Creek, which is today known as Brooklawn. This settlement subsequently sparked competition from European Settlers over control of the fur trade in the area. Ownership of the land switched numerous times, first with nobles under King Charles II (of Great Britain and Ireland), then the New Jersey Quakers in 1673. It was not before long that the Lenape Tribe and Quakers cohabited the area. The Quakers expansion, consumption of resources, along with the introduction of alcohol and disease, led to a decline in the Lenape population. The development of a ferry system along the Delaware River bolstered trade between Fort Nassau and Philadelphia. Through Ferries, families were able to establish settlements in surrounding areas. In 1773, Jacob Cooper played a significant role in developing the area which is today known as Camden, named after Charles Pratt, the Earl of Camden.

19th Century
In the 19th century Camden underwent significant changes, transitioning from a hub of transportation to a growing city. On February 13th 1828, Camden was officially recognized, being incorporated from sections of Gloucester County. Camden Township was established in 1832 which was the same area as Camden City until it was reduced in 1848. In 1830, the Camden and Amboy Railroad Company was chartered in Camden, which connected ferry terminals from New York City to Philadelphia via rail. The railroad ended in Camden's Waterfront, where passengers would be ferried across the Delaware River to arrive in Philadelphia. Similarly to Camden's inception, transportation was a huge catalyst in its growth -- the railroads opening in 1834 led to an increase in population and commerce.

Early 20th Century
In Camden's transition into the 20th Century, Industry grew rapidly at the hands of companies such as RCA Victor, New York Shipbuilding Corporation, and Campbell Soup Company. These were major employers in Camden, at times employing tens of thousands in and outside of Camden. The United States role in World War II made the New York Shipbuilding Company the largest and most productive ship yard in the world. It's location on the Delaware River made it ideal to launch ships. In 1926, a bridge connected New Jersey and Pennsylvania made its debut opening, which was named the Benjamin Franklin Bridge in 1956. The project cost $37 million, which New Jersey and Pennsylvania both paid equal parts of. The goal was to reduce ferry traffic between Philadelphia and Camden.

During the 1930s, Camden faced economic decline in the face of the Great Depression. It was due to Camden's thriving industry that they did not go bankrupt. However, by the 1950's, manufacturing came to slow causing industries to relocate and employment to dwindle.

Camden also experienced dramatic shifts in it's population demographic. Immigration from Eastern Europe made them the leading ethnic group by 1920, whereas it had previously been German, British, and Irish immigrants. World War II caused African American migration towards Camden from the south, which increased their presence in Camden. Subsequently Camden became ethnically and religiously segregated. Camden Central Airport further facilitated migration, being active from 1929 to 1957.

Late 20th Century
In contrast to the growth and industrialization Camden experienced in the early 1900's, there came a drop in population and industry further into the 20th century. Having reached it's peak number of manufacturing jobs in 1950, by 1982 it was a quarter of what it had been. Post World War II, Campbell's Soup Company and RCA Victor had decentralized their production efforts in Camden. This Capital Flight was an attempt to avoid an increase in labor wages which unionized workers were fighting for. The New York Shipbuilding Company, a major contributor of naval units during World War II shut down in 1967 due to low demand and mismanagement.

During this period there was a large amount of white flight, in which white residents moved to surrounding suburbs in search of economic opportunity. Along with this, civil unrest grew resulting in riots. Police Brutality and crime were at an all time high which further exacerbated Camden's problems.

Efforts to revitalize Camden began in 1980 with Mayor Randy Primas. In an attempt to generate income for the city, he pursued initiatives such as the construction of a riverfront state-prison and a trash-to-steam incinerator which received substantial opposition from residents. With Milton Milan's election as Camden's next mayor, he declared the city Bankrupt which resulted in $60 million of aid and the states assumption of Camden's finances. Another notable revitalization effort was the establishment of non-profit organization, The Parkside Business and Community In Partnership, which occurred in 1993 and is active today.

21st Century
In recent years, Camden has transitioned from a manufacturing industry to an economy focused on education and healthcare. The Eds-and-Meds Industry has become the largest source of employment in Camden -- with institutions such as Cooper University Hospital, Rowan University, Rutgers-Camden, Camden County College, Virtua, Our Lady of Lourdes Medical Center, and CAMcare.

Revitalization efforts have persisted, bringing infrastructure such as the RiverLine and a park over the site of what was the Riverfront State Prison. In 2013 the New Jersey Economic Development Authority introduced incentives for companies to relocate to Camden. Other projects include the redevelopment of the Waterfront, the construction of the Philadelphia 76ers Training Complex, and the Subaru of America's headquarters.

Recent developments also include the revitalization of public spaces, such as the construction of Camden’s first comprehensive park plan and the redevelopment of housing complexes like Camden’s Branch Village and Ablett Village. Additionally, investments have been made in education, with funding allocated for post-pandemic relief, facility renovations, and mental health support in Camden County.

Furthermore, there are plans for a $2 billion expansion of Cooper University Hospital which further increases the current industry in Camden and indicates further developments in the city.

21st century
Originally the city's main industry was manufacturing, and in recent years Camden has shifted its focus to education and medicine in an attempt to revitalize itself. Of the top employers in Camden, many are education and/or healthcare providers: Cooper University Hospital, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Rowan University, Rutgers University-Camden, Camden County College, Virtua, Our Lady of Lourdes Medical Center, and CAMcare. The eds and meds industry itself is the single largest source of jobs in the city: 7,500 (30%) of the roughly 25,000 jobs in the city. The second-largest source of jobs in Camden is the retail trade industry, which provides roughly 3,000 (12%) jobs. While already the largest employer in the city, the eds and meds industry in Camden is growing and is doing so despite falling population and total employment: From 2000 to 2014, population and total employment in Camden fell by 3% and 10% respectively, but eds and meds employment grew by 67%.

In preparation for the 2000 Republican National Convention in Philadelphia, various strip clubs, hotels, and other businesses along Admiral Wilson Boulevard were torn down in 1999, and a park that once existed along the road was replenished.

In 2004, conversion of the old RCA Victor Building 17 to The Victor, an upscale apartment building was completed. The same year, the River LINE, between the Entertainment Center at the Waterfront in Camden and the Transit Center in Trenton, was opened, with a stop directly across from The Victor.

In 2010, massive police corruption was exposed that resulted in the convictions of several policemen, dismissals of 185 criminal cases, and lawsuit settlements totaling $3.5 million that were paid to 88 victims. On May 1, 2013, the Camden Police Department was dissolved and the newly formed Camden County Police Department took over full responsibility for policing the city.

In 2013, the New Jersey Economic Development Authority created the New Jersey Economic Opportunity Act, which provides incentives for companies to relocate to or remain in economically struggling locations in the state. These incentives largely come in the form of tax breaks, which are payable over 10 years and are equivalent to a project's cost. According to The New York Times, "...the program has stimulated investment of about $1 billion and created or retained 7,600 jobs in Camden." This NJEDA incentive package has been used by organizations and firms such as the Philadelphia 76ers, Subaru of America, Lockheed Martin, and Holtec International.

Despite previous failures to transform the Camden Waterfront, in September 2015 Liberty Property Trust and Mayor Dana Redd announced an $830 million plan to rehabilitate the Waterfront. The project, which is the biggest private investment in the city's history, aims to redevelop 26 acres of land south of the Ben Franklin Bridge and includes plans for 1500000 sqft of commercial space, 211 residences, a 130-room hotel, more than 4,000 parking spaces, a downtown shuttle bus, a new ferry stop, a riverfront park, and two new roads. The project is a modification of a previous $1 billion proposal by Liberty Property Trust, which would have redeveloped 37.2 acres and would have included 500000 sqft of commercial space, 1,600 homes, and a 140-room hotel. On March 11, 2016, the New Jersey Economic Development Authority approved the modified plans and officials like Timothy J. Lizura of the NJEDA expressed their enthusiasm: "It's definitely a new day in Camden. For 20 years, we've tried to redevelop that city, and we finally have the traction between a very competent mayor's office, the county police force, all the educational reforms going on, and now the corporate interest. It really is the right ingredient for changing a paradigm which has been a wreck."

In late 2014 the Philadelphia 76ers broke ground in Camden (across the street from the BB&T Pavilion) to construct a new 125000 sqft training complex. The Philadelphia 76ers Training Complex includes an office building and a 66230 sqft basketball facility with two regulation-size basketball courts, a 2800 sqft locker room, and a 7000 sqft roof deck. The $83 million complex had its grand opening on September 23, 2016, and was expected to provide 250 jobs for the city of Camden. In 2024, the facility employs 11 Camden residents. Additionally, the 76ers have proposed a $1.3 billion sports arena to be constructed just outside China Town, Philadelphia. The facility would be constructed on Market Street, measuring 125,000 square-feet equipped with training centers and corporate offices.

Also in late 2014, Subaru of America announced that in an effort to consolidate their operations, their new 250000 sqft headquarters would be located in Camden. The $118 million project broke ground in December 2015 but was put on hold in mid-2016 because the original plans for the complex had sewage and waste water being pumped into an outdated sewage system. Adjustments to the plans were made and the project was expected to be completed in 2017, creating up to 500 jobs in the city upon completion. The building was completed in April 2018. The company also said that it would donate 50 cherry trees to the city and aim to follow a "zero landfill" policy in which all waste from the offices would be either reduced, reused, or recycled.

On September 2018, a project was announced to revitalize a 1.5 acre lot on Haddon Avenue and Pine Street. The Counties Improvement Authority stated in their request, the goal was to keep housing at a market-rate affordable price. Bert's Pizza notably resides on Block 1471, the scheduled block for redevelopment. Owner Vito Brasile told news that he was unaware of the construction plans and wants his store to stay in its location.

Subsequently in August 2018, Camden County began the project of restructuring traffic patterns near Block 1471, on Haddon Avenue and Pine St/Mount Ephraim. Officials stated that this $850,00 project could potentially bring a light rail station to the area. As of 2024, the nearest light rail station resides in the Waterfront Entertainment Center,1.2 miles from the site of development.

On September 2018, it was announced that Campbell's Waterfront Ballpark would be demolished. The park was built in 2001 and demolished in 2019. The Camden County Improvement Authority took bids for the lot in an effort to increase waterfront tourism. Jim Walsh of The Courier Post commented "Bidding documents makes clear that razing the past is a time-honored tradition at the Delaware Avenue site", referring to the Waterfront Lot. In May 2020, Rutgers-Camden's Athletic Complex was constructed on the lot. The $16 million dollar project was funded by Camden County, the Rowan University-Rutgers Camden Board of Governors and Rutgers-Camden. The Investment brought fields for soccer, lacrosse, and baseball, along with a track, new lighting, and clubhouse (with lockers, restrooms, and training spaces).

As of 2019, numerous projects were underway downtown and along Rutgers-Camden the waterfront, with a market-rate apartment complex and hotel opening in early 2020.

On December 2020, Camden’s first comprehensive Park plan was announced, expected to take up to 30 years to complete. This project was motivated by the 10 minute walk campaign. The plan took over 500 shareholders and community members to create, along with Cooper's Ferry Partnership, Trust for Public Land, Camden City, Camden County and its Municipal Utilities Authority. Since its inception it has been signed off by over a dozen New Jersey mayors as well as Philadelphia Mayor Jim Kenny. The project has been funded $100 million dollars and additional investments are expected to come in 2025.

On February 2020, Camden City Officials announced that Camden’s Branch Village reconstruction was nearly complete. The $120 million redevelopment of the Clemen T. Branch housing complex will bring 250 new units, being meant for senior citizens and low-income families. Since then ....

On June 2021, A 35 million redevelopment of all 307 units in Ablett Village, Camden's oldest complex, was announced to be near completion. The money was received through the CHOICE Neighborhood Implementation grant. The renovated complex will bring a community center, playground, facilities, walking trails, and a community garden. The project was motivated by the statistic that 40% of Ablett Village’s residents are below the federal poverty line. Maria Fudge, The U.S. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development endorsed the execution of the grant, stating that it is potentially life-changing.

In 2022, Camden County was funded 116 million towards it education program. This money was for post pandemic relief, being put towards after school activities, renovation of building facilities, and the support of staff/students mental health. The Philadelphia based non-profit, 12 plus, placed 10 staff into Camden's School District, specializing in post-graduation goal setting. This program was part of the National Partnership for Student Success. Michael Cardona, the US Secretary of Education commented "Camden City School District’s college and career readiness program exemplifies how schools can help students rebound from the pandemic and thrive after graduation".

In 2022, a $2 billion expansion of Cooper University Hospital was announced, which was expected to take about a decade to complete.

Arts and Entertainment
In September 2020, the IDEA Center for the Arts in downtown Camden was completed. The building provides a space for arts and entertainment, specifically for youth in the community. The center supports artists, painters, dancers, musicians, filmmakers, actors, poets, and more. The Michaels Organization renovated what was previously a storefront at no cost. Subaru of America donated facilities and funding. The center is equipped with recording equipment, computers, a stage, and other amenities. The center regularly hosts events with community members. Numerous people involved on the project and community members praised the opening, with Mayor Frank Moran stating "Camden is finally giving Philly something to look at".