User:NEdraft/sandbox

New Economy (movements)

New Economy is a set of movements that aim to to modify or replace the 19th and 20th century capitalist economic systems, with alternative models whose goal is to more effectively attain the twin goals social justice and environmental sustainability. These models often also encompass socio-political reforms.

Social justice and environmental sustainability are linked, in that while poverty might inhibit some greater consumerism, it also leads to short termism (elephant hunting); deprivation of education and time to fully engage in the political process and democracy means that the few powerful are less accountable. Also often the health risks of degraded environment are felt the most by the poor.

Classic capitalism

 * industrial revolution and adam smith
 * then tampering of most extreme parts with more regulation adn greater social safety nets by governemtns
 * Industrialists also understood the moral value of treating employees well
 * then Friedman and Chicago school brought more economic liberalism and the reaffirmation of profit maximization as only obligation of managers
 * while, economics developed into a field that is mostly assumed a rational people and develop flawed models that have gone from being theoretical, to becoming self- fulfilling prophecies, and from being descriptive, to being seen as prescriptive.
 * inequality (explain not just that it exists and how it got here, but spell out why it matters)

Adam Smith, shareholder’s primacy (fiduciary), monetary policy of quantitative easing, Chicago school of shareholder value (Just laws follow) Milton Friedman, gdp main measure driving bar OF success By governments, resource natural over-exploitation, — w nature n healyh effects, externalitirs negative (hidden subsidy to fumes for ex)

Critiques

 * Doughnut Economics
 * (Paper analyzing Adam Smith re how self-interest was not absolute, and that morals were important as well.)
 * principled, academic, and pragmatic critiques
 * The Homo economicus fallacy
 * "rational economic man: he stands alone, with money in his hand, a calculator in his head, ego in his heart, and nature at its feet. He hates work, loves luxury, has insatiable wants, and knows the price of everything"(https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=87&v=SOKHWOMVMyo&feature=emb_logo)
 * By modeling it, we are becoming it. (https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=87&v=SOKHWOMVMyo&feature=emb_logo)
 * people are not just driven by a narrow economic profit maximization - logical to bring the interests and characteristics ofa human being as a whole to the business/workplace.

Measurements
You get what you measure (by Jack Welch?)

Ecosystem services
Ecosystem services accounting

Beyond GDP
GDP: the monetary cost of all things sold in the market

Maximize welfare and wellbeing instead of wealth.

The GDP creator himself said that it was not a good measure for the overall economic success of a society. "instead of making GDP growth regardless "economies that need to grow regardless of whether or not they make us thrive, while we need are economies that make us thrive regardless of whether or not they grow" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=54&v=5zkqGEaztRM&feature=emb_logo)

HDI & Happiness

 * Human Development Index
 * World Happiness Report
 * Satisfaction with Life Index
 * Gross National Happiness

Economic models
Doughnut Economics [request graph be donated to commons]

lifestyle
buen vivir, share economy Organic food, Vegetarianism or Veganism

Carbon tax
Carbon tax

Other policies
Behavioral economics Libertarian paternalism preserving full freedom of choice, while nudging towards options that may benefit the most, to most people.

Disclosures and enhanced corporate reporting
Sustainability Accounting Standards Board

Role of shareholders
Primacy of shareholder value; fiduciary duty

Responsible investing
Shareholder activism through shareholder resolutions.

Impact investing Environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) Principles for Responsible Investment (PRI)

negative screening, ...

http://www.intentionalendowments.org/divestinvest_page

Conducting business

 * Benefit corporation (B-corp)
 * Worker cooperative (large example: Mondragon Corporation)


 * Employees represented in BOD
 * Consideration of stakeholders
 * Primacy of shareholder value; fiduciary duty

Monetary policy

 * Quantitative easing vs Green QE
 * QE benefits existing investors, by propping up the value of their investments, by making bond financing more accessible to large companies

Democratic engagement

 * localism: tight-knight local communities, with a local economy (worker cooperatives) may be more vested in the wellbeing of the community and may make better decisions for the group. Also, they may be more investment in local good governance. There are hopes for this model to then percolate upwards to the national level.

Agriculture
What kinds of sustainable agriculture?

In Philanthropy

 * loan guarantees to impact projects

Various concepts

 * Circular economy
 * Buddhist economics
 * Sumac Kawsay (Buen vivir)
 * Sharing economy

?

 * Degrowth
 * Steady-state economy
 * Prosperity Without Growth
 * Feminist economics
 * Inclusive growth
 * Green growth
 * Sustainable growth rate

Notes for later

 * Evergreen Cooperatives (Cleveland Model)
 * [[Preston Model]
 * Bristol Pound