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The Arabs (عَرَب, DIN 31635  :, Arabic pronunciation:  ), also known as Arab people (الشَّعْبَ الْعَرَبِيُّ), are an ethnic group share a common of culture, history, ancestry and, language, mainly inhabiting the Arab world in Western Asia and North Africa, which formally denotes the "Arab homeland". Moreover, a significant Arab diaspora is present in various parts of the world.

According to the Abrahamic tradition, Arabs are descendants of Abraham, with his son Ishmael. Ishmael had twelve sons, each of whom became a tribal chief in one of the regions from Havilah to Shur (from ancient Mesopotamia to the east of Egypt). Arabs have been in the Fertile Crescent for thousands of years. In the 9th century BC, the Assyrians made written references to Arabs as inhabitants of the Levant, Mesopotamia, and, Arabia. Throughout the ancient Near East, Arabs established influential civilizations starting from 3000 BC onwards, such as Dilmun, Gerrha and, Magan, playing a vital role in trade between Mesopotamia, and the Mediterranean. Other prominent tribes include Midian, ʿĀd, and Thamud mentioned in the Bible and Quran. The Amorites, likely originating from Arabia, emerged around 2100 BC in the Levant and Mesopotamia. Around 1300 BC, the Edomites were found adjacent to Moab in the southern Levant. Later, in 900 BC, the Qedarites where enjoyed close relations with the nearby Canaanite and Aramaean states, and their territory extended from Lower Egypt to the Southern Levant. From 1200 BC to 110 BC, powerful Arab kingdoms such as Saba, Lihyan, Minaean, Qataban, Hadhramaut, Awsan, and Homerite emerged in Arabia.

During Classical antiquity, the Nabataeans established their Kingdom with Petra as the capital in 300 BC, by 271 BC, the Palmyrene Empire with the capital Palmyra, led by Queen Zenobia, encompassed the Syria Palaestina, Arabia Petraea, and Egypt, as well as large parts of Anatolia. The Arab Itureans inhabited Lebanon, Syria, and northern Palestine (Galilee) during the Hellenistic and Roman periods. The Osroene and Hatran were Arab kingdoms in Upper Mesopotamia around 200 BC. In 164 BC, the Sasanians recognized the Arabs as "Arbayistan", meaning "land of the Arabs," as they were part of Adiabene in upper Mesopotamia. The Arab Emesenes ruled by 46 BC Emesa (Homs), Syria. During late antiquity, the Tanukhids, Salihids, Lakhmids, Kinda, and Ghassanids were dominant Arab tribes in the Levant, Mesopotamia, and Arabia, they predominantly embraced Christianity. During the Middle Ages, Islam fostered a vast Arab union, leading to significant Arab migration from the East, extremely to North Africa, under the rule of Arab empires such as the Rashidun, Umayyad, Abbasid, and Fatimid, ultimately leading to the decline of the Byzantine and Sasanian empires. At its peak, Arab territories stretched from southern France to eastern China, forming one of history's largest empires. The Great Arab Revolt in the early 20th century, aided in dismantling the Ottoman Empire, ultimately leading to the formation of the Arab League on 22nd March 1945, with its Charter endorsing the principle of a "unified Arab homeland".

Arabs share a common bond based on ethnicity, language, culture, history, identity, nationalism, geography, unity, and politics. They also have their own customs, literature, music, dance, media, food, clothing, society, sports, architecture, art and, mythology. Arabs have significantly influenced and contributed to human progress in many fields, including science, technology, philosophy, ethics, literature, politics, business, art, music, comedy, theatre, cinema, architecture, food, medicine, and religion. Before Islam, most Arabs followed polytheistic Semitic religion, while some tribes adopted Judaism or Christianity and a few individuals, known as the hanifs, followed a form of monotheism. Currently, around 93% of Arabs are Muslims, while the rest are mainly Arab Christians, as well as Arab groups of Druze and Baháʼís.