Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/December 13

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 * 1643 – First English Civil War: Roundhead forces under Sir William Waller led a successful surprise attack in Hampshire on a winter garrison of Cavalier infantry and cavalry.
 * 1769 – Dartmouth College was established by royal charter in present-day Hanover, New Hampshire.
 * 1862 – American Civil War: Union forces under Ambrose Burnside suffered severe casualties against entrenched Confederate defenders at the Battle of Fredericksburg in Virginia.
 * 1937 – Second Sino-Japanese War: Japanese forces, capturing the Chinese city of Nanjing, began committing numerous atrocities over the next several weeks, including looting, rape and the execution of prisoners of war and civilians.
 * 1960 – With Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia, out of the country, four conspirators staged a coup attempt to install Crown Prince Asfaw Wossen on the throne.
 * 1981 – Polish prime minister Wojciech Jaruzelski (pictured) declared martial law.
 * 1989 – The Troubles: The Provisional Irish Republican Army engaged in a fierce firefight with the King's Own Scottish Borderers at a vehicle checkpoint complex in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland.
 * 2011 – A man threw grenades and fired a rifle at crowds in Liège, Belgium, causing 6 deaths and injuring more than 120 others, before killing himself.
 * Born/died: | Pope Callixtus II |d|1124| Paul Speratus |b|1484| Ana Néri |b|1814| Mary Todd Lincoln |b|1818|  Emily Carr |b|1871| Hans-Joachim Marseille |b|1919 |  Taylor Swift |b|1989| Jill Craigie |d|1999