1806 in Australia

The following lists events that happened during 1806 in Australia.

Incumbents

 * Monarch - George III

Governors
Governors of the Australian colonies:
 * Governor of New South Wales – Captain Philip King (until 12 August), then Captain William Bligh
 * Lieutenant-Governor of Southern Van Diemen's Land – David Collins
 * Lieutenant-Governor of Northern Van Diemen's Land – William Paterson

Events

 * 5 August – Captain William Bligh arrives in Sydney to take over the governorship.
 * 12 August – Governor King boards HMS Buffalo for his return to England, and Bligh's commission is formally read.

Exploration and settlement

 * Governor King estimated that 280 men were employed along the Australian coast in sealing and fishing.
 * Matthew Flinders completes the first circumnavigation of the continent.