Alex Dancyg

Alexander "Alex" Dancyg (Hebrew: אלכס דנציג; born 21 July 1948 ) is a Polish-born Israeli historian, Yad Vashem Institute contributor, farmer and an active advocate of Polish-Jewish dialogue. Dancyg is a member of Kibbutz Nir-Oz and was kidnapped by Hamas militants to Gaza during the 2023 Nir-Oz massacre.

Biography
Dancyg was born in Warsaw, Poland on 21 July 1948 to parents who were survivors of the Holocaust. He was born in Warsaw as the second child of Nina (Nycha) and Marcin (Mordechai) Dancyg. His father was a lawyer by profession, while his mother was a historian. His parents came from Warsaw, and spent the German occupation of World War II in the so-called Eastern Borderlands hiding under a false name: Danecki. Most of his father's family perished during the Holocaust. His father, Marcin Dancyg, was a Stalinist military judge in Polish People's Republic.

In 1957, he and his family immigrated to Israel, where he joined the Labor Zionist youth organisation Hashomer Hatzair, served in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF), including during several wars, and obtained a degree in history. He started a family on Kibbutz Nir-Oz, raising three children. In 1986, Dancyg returned to Poland for the first time in three decades and visited the Auschwitz death camp, which fuelled his interest in Holocaust education and the complicated Polish–Jewish relations of the post-Communist period.

In 1990, he started working with Yad Vashem, preparing tour guides chosen to accompany Israeli groups on their visits to Poland. His work at Yad Vashem also included lecturing and meeting educators and students from Poland and Israel. Dancyg led a program for 120 Israeli and Polish schools to meet together during Israeli school trips to Poland. He is a long-standing associate of the Yad Vashem Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Institute. Since 1990 he has been running courses for guides taking care of groups of Israelis visiting Poland. He is also an associate of the Grodzka Gate – NN Theatre.

Abduction by Hamas
On 7 October 2023, at the start of the 2023 Israel Hamas War, Dancyg was kidnapped by Hamas militants from Kibbutz Nir-Oz. His son, Mati Dancyg, said Alex Dancyg's last communication was a text he sent to his other son, Yuval Dancyg, at approximately 8:30 am that morning, in which Dancyg told them about the situation in the kibbutz. Dancyg's son and grandchildren survived the attack by hiding in their own shelter. His ex-wife also survived, by holding her missile proof shelter door shut for seven hours, protecting her and her three grandchildren.

At the end of November 2023, one of the released hostages confirmed that Dancyg was alive. He was said to be regularly given medication and to be in good health. The released hostage also stated that Dancyg is giving history lectures to fellow hostages.

Murals with the hashtag "StandWithAlex" have been painted in Warsaw as part of a campaign to build pressure for his release.

Reports of death
On 10 March 2024, reports emerged of Danzig's death, but the information was not confirmed by either the Israeli services or the family. The information of his death was shared by Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades, armed wing of Hamas; however, his death has not been confirmed by Israeli forces. Reports of Dancyg's death were commented on by his son, who said in an interview with TVN that he does not believe the news of his father's death because he "does not believe a single word Hamas says." He also added: "Until recently, I imagined every day that when he regained his freedom I would hug him tightly. I don't do that anymore. I can't. I know that if he is alive, his condition may be grave. He may not be able to walk on his own." Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs has also released a statement that it was unable to confirm the claims of Dancyg's death at the time.

Political views
Dancyg describes himself as a socialist. He is a staunch supporter of the kibbutzim, which he regards as an example of successful socialist communities. Remarking on his life in kibbutzes, Dancyg remarked: "I can live a peaceful, good, normal life without any stress. I have everything I need and my children also have everything they need, because the kibbutz is a rich society and can share equally for everyone, not equally to the centimetre, because that's not the point."

Described as an "idealistic kibbutznik and a flesh-and-blood socialist", Dancyg states that he is an opponent of nationalism, and is known for his sharp critique of the Israeli right as well as Polish anti-Jewish phobias. Dancyg also participates in debates on religion, where he described religion as "a mystery that we cannot solve when we talk about the origin of the world and man." Dancyg stated his respect for the Catholic Church, and is a close friend of Polish priest and theologian Alfred Wierzbicki. When discussing religion, he is said to provocatively joke: "You, such an intelligent guy, and you haven't become a Jew yet!"

Depiction in media
In 1999, a biographical documentary film devoted to Alex Dancyg was made, entitled Reading Sienkiewicz in the Negev Desert, directed by Krzysztof Bukowski, which received the "Bronze Hobby-Horse" Special Award at the National Short Film Festival in Kraków in 2000.

A Polish Radio reportage devoted to him, by Marta Rebzda, entitled Double Identity, was published in 2012.

In 2014, the Grodzka Gate - NN Theatre Centre published the second volume in the series Tales from the Gate entitled Dancyg (Lublin, ISBN 978-83-61064-57-2) containing a transcript of interviews with Alex Dancyg recorded as part of the Oral History Programme.

Awards and honors
In 2013, the Chapter of the Polcul Foundation awarded him the Eudoxja Rakowska Prize for "his long-standing activity for the historical education of Israeli and Polish youth". In 2023, when he was held hostage by Hamas, he was awarded the title "Man of Reconciliation" by the Polish Council of Christians and Jews.

Dancyg received several awards, including the National Education Commission award – the highest honor from the Polish Education Ministry – and the Silver Cross of Merit from the then-president of Poland, the late Lech Kaczyński. In 2024, he won the Jan Karski Eagle Special Award.