List of Polish people

This is a partial list of notable Polish or Polish-speaking or -writing people. People of partial Polish heritage have their respective ancestries credited.

Physics

 * Czesław Białobrzeski
 * Andrzej Buras
 * Georges Charpak, 1995 Nobel Prize
 * Jan Kazimierz Danysz
 * Marian Danysz
 * Tomasz Dietl
 * Maria Dworzecka
 * Artur Ekert, one of the independent inventors (in 1991) of quantum cryptography
 * Krzysztof Gawedzki
 * Marek Gazdzicki
 * Ryszard Horodecki
 * Leopold Infeld
 * Aleksander Jabłoński
 * Jerzy Stanisław Janicki
 * Sylwester Kaliski
 * Elżbieta Kossecka
 * Jan Eugeniusz Krysiński
 * Stanislas Leibler
 * Maciej Lewenstein
 * Olga Malinkiewicz
 * Albert A. Michelson, 1907 Nobel Prize
 * Lidia Morawska
 * Stanisław Mrozowski
 * Władysław Natanson
 * Witold Nazarewicz
 * Henryk Niewodniczański
 * Georges Nomarski
 * Karol Olszewski
 * Jerzy Plebański
 * Jerzy Pniewski
 * Nikodem Popławski
 * Sylwester Porowski, blue laser
 * Józef Rotblat, 1995 Nobel Peace Prize
 * Stefan Rozental
 * Wojciech Rubinowicz
 * Maria Skłodowska Curie (Marie Curie), two Nobel Prizes
 * Jan Sładkowski
 * Marian Smoluchowski, kinetic theory, Einstein–Smoluchowski relation
 * Andrzej Sobolewski
 * Haroun Tazieff, geologist, volcanologist, cinematographer, writer and French Cabinet minister
 * Andrzej Trautman
 * Witelo, philosopher, medieval optics
 * August Witkowski
 * Stanley Wojcicki
 * Mieczysław Wolfke
 * Stanisław Lech Woronowicz
 * Zygmunt Wróblewski
 * Marek Żukowski
 * Wojciech H. Zurek

Chemistry

 * Osman Achmatowicz
 * Józef Boguski
 * Kazimierz Boratyński
 * Jan Czochralski, modern semiconductors
 * Emil Czyrniański
 * Tadeusz Estreicher, cryogenics pioneer
 * Kazimierz Fajans
 * Kazimierz Funk, biochemist, the concept of vitamins
 * Andrzej Górak
 * Antoni Grabowski
 * Konstanty Hrynakowski
 * Andrzej Jajszczyk
 * Alina Kabata-Pendias
 * Aharon Katzir, electrochemistry of biopolymers
 * Wiktor Kemula
 * Włodzimierz Kołos
 * Stanisław Kostanecki
 * Marek Gatty-Kostyal
 * Józef R. Lewandowski
 * Ignacy Łukasiewicz, inventor of kerosene lamp
 * Mieczysław Mąkosza
 * Leon Marchlewski
 * Bolesław Masłowski
 * Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
 * Mark Miodownik, materials scientist and engineer
 * Ignacy Mościcki
 * Marceli Nencki
 * Karol Olszewski
 * Krzysztof Palczewski
 * Janusz Pawliszyn
 * Sylwester Porowski
 * Tadeusz Reichstein, Nobel Prize winner
 * Michał Sędziwój, Latinized as Sendivogius: alchemist, physician, discoverer of oxygen
 * Zuzanna S. Siwy
 * Maria Skłodowska Curie (Marie Curie), two-time Nobel Prize winner
 * Edward Sucharda
 * Jędrzej Śniadecki
 * Wojciech Świętosławski, "father of thermochemistry"
 * Bohdan Szyszkowski
 * Włodzimierz Trzebiatowski
 * Filip Neriusz Walter, pioneer of organic chemistry
 * Zygmunt Wróblewski
 * Józef Zawadzki

Biology, medicine

 * Joseph Babinski, neurologist, discoverer of the Babinski reflex
 * Gabriela Balicka-Iwanowska, botanist
 * Edmund Biernacki, physician, discoverer of erythrocyte sedimentation rate
 * Czesław Bieżanko, entomologist
 * Jan Biziel, physician, social activist
 * Tytus Chałubiński, physician
 * Napoleon Cybulski, neurophysiologist, discoverer of adrenaline
 * Maria Antonina Czaplicka, anthropologist
 * Jan Czekanowski, anthropologist
 * Kazimierz Dąbrowski, psychiatrist, creator of the theory of positive disintegration
 * Wiktor Dega, surgeon
 * August Dehnel, biologist
 * Jozef Dietl, physician
 * Hermann Dietz, physician, senator of the Republic of Poland, social activist
 * Jan Dzierżon, zoologist, apiarist
 * Stefan Falimierz, physician, herbalist
 * Sidney Farber, pathologist and cancer biologist, founder of the Dana–Farber Cancer Institute
 * Edward Flatau, neurologist
 * Ludwik Fleck, microbiologist, philosopher of science
 * Eva Frommer, child psychiatrist and anthroposophist
 * Kazimierz Funk, coined the term vitamin
 * Marian Gieszczykiewicz, physician
 * Emil Godlewski, embryologist
 * Samuel Goldflam, neurologist
 * Adam Gruca, surgeon
 * Ryszard Gryglewski, pharmacologist, physician
 * Tomasz Guzik, physician
 * Ludwik Hirszfeld, microbiologist
 * Janina Hurynowicz, neurophysiologist
 * Feliks Paweł Jarocki, zoologist
 * Stefania Jabłońska, dermatologist
 * Walery Jaworski, physician
 * Konstanty Jelski, ornithologist
 * Zbigniew Kabata, biologist
 * Hazem M. Kalaji, physiologist
 * Ewa Kamler, biologist
 * Zofia Kielan-Jaworowska, paleobiologist
 * Aleksander Koj, physician, scientist
 * Ryszard Kole, pharmacologist
 * Jerzy Konorski, neurophysiologist
 * Stefan Kopec, biologist
 * Hilary Koprowski, polio vaccine
 * Tadeusz Krwawicz, medical pioneer
 * Elwira Lisowska, biochemist
 * Abraham Low, neuropsychiatrist
 * Margaret Lowenfeld, paediatrician and pioneer of Sandplay Therapy
 * Liliana Lubińska, neuroscientist
 * Zofia Majewska, neurologist and professor
 * Karol Marcinkowski, physician
 * Eugène Minkowski, psychiatrist influenced by Bergson and phenomenology
 * Ludwik Mlokosiewicz, botanist
 * Maksymilian Nowicki, biologist
 * Ferdynand Antoni Ossendowski, biologist
 * Marek Pienkowski, immunologist
 * Piotr Ponikowski, cardiologist
 * Moshe Prywes (1914–1998), Israeli physician and educator; first President of Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
 * Tadeusz Reichstein, Polish-Swiss physiologist; 1950 Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine
 * Zbigniew Religa, cardiologist
 * Józef Rostafiński, biologist
 * Albert Sabin, polio vaccine; President of the Weizmann Institute of Science
 * Andrzej Wiktor Schally, Nobel-laureate endocrinologist
 * Hanna Segal, leading Kleinian psychoanalyst
 * Michael Sela (1924–2022), Israeli immunologist; President of the Weizmann Institute of Science
 * Henryk Skarżyński, otolaryngologist, audiologist, phoniatrist
 * Michalina Stefanowska, neurophysiologist
 * Eduard Adolf Strasburger (born in Poland, of German descent), botanist
 * Andrzej Szczeklik, immunologist
 * Jan Sztolcman, ornithologist
 * Wacław Szybalski, physician
 * Władysław Taczanowski, zoologist
 * Andrzej K. Tarkowski, embryologist
 * Zbylut Twardowski, physician
 * Jerzy Vetulani, neuroscientist, pharmacologist and biochemist
 * Emil Warmiński, physician, social and national activist
 * Józef Warszewicz, botanist
 * Rudolf Weigl, typhus vaccine
 * Wanda Wesołowska, zoologist
 * Helena Rosa Wright, physician influential in family planning
 * Marie Elizabeth Zakrzewska, physician
 * Jozef J. Zwislocki, neuroscientist

Astronomy

 * Franciszek Armiński
 * Tadeusz Banachiewicz
 * Jan Brożek
 * Albert Brudzewski
 * Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish astronomer, the son of a Polish father and a mother who was of mixed German-Polish descent; he is also often considered as a German by Germans
 * Wojciech Dziembowski
 * Władysław Dziewulski
 * Michał Falkener
 * Jan Gadomski
 * Johannes Hevelius, Mayor of Gdańsk; he is also often considered as a German
 * Felicjan Kępiński
 * Marian Albertovich Kowalski
 * Kazimierz Kordylewski
 * Wojciech Krzemiński
 * Jan Latosz
 * Stanisław Lubieniecki
 * Bohdan Paczyński
 * Marcin Poczobutt-Odlanicki
 * Alexius Sylvius Polonus
 * Adam Prażmowski
 * Antoni Przybylski
 * Agata Różańska
 * Konrad Rudnicki
 * Jan Mikołaj Smogulecki
 * Jan Śniadecki
 * Andrzej Udalski
 * Wiesław Wiśniewski
 * Aleksander Wolszczan, first discovery of extrasolar planets
 * Thomas Zebrowski
 * Anna N. Żytkow

Mathematics

 * Nachman Aronszajn
 * Michel Balinski
 * Stefan Banach
 * Tadeusz Banachiewicz
 * Kazimierz Bartel
 * Andrzej Białynicki-Birula
 * Karol Borsuk
 * Jacob Bronowski
 * Jan Brożek
 * Andrzej Ehrenfeucht
 * Meier Eidelheit
 * Samuel Eilenberg
 * Andrzej Grzegorczyk
 * Witold Hurewicz
 * Henryk Iwaniec
 * Zygmunt Janiszewski
 * Stanisław Jaśkowski
 * Jan Jaworowski
 * Mark Kac
 * Stefan Kaczmarz
 * Marek Karpinski, computer scientist
 * Dawid Kielak
 * Bronisław Knaster
 * Sławomir Kołodziej
 * Robert Kowalski
 * Zdzisław Krygowski
 * Krystyna Kuperberg
 * Włodzimierz Kuperberg
 * Kazimierz Kuratowski
 * Izabella Łaba
 * Franciszek Leja
 * Stanisław Leśniewski
 * Adolf Lindenbaum
 * Stanisław Łojasiewicz
 * Antoni Łomnicki
 * Jerzy Łoś
 * Jan Łukasiewicz, logician, inventor of the parenthesis-free Polish Notation
 * Benoit Mandelbrot
 * Edward Marczewski
 * Józef Marcinkiewicz
 * Stanisław Mazur
 * Stefan Mazurkiewicz
 * Jan Mikusinski
 * Michał Misiurewicz
 * Andrzej Mostowski
 * Jan Mycielski
 * Jerzy Spława-Neyman
 * Otton M. Nikodym
 * Wiesława Nizioł
 * Andrew Odlyzko
 * Władysław Orlicz
 * Józef H. Przytycki
 * Maksym Radziwill
 * Helena Rasiowa
 * Marian Rejewski, mathematician-cryptologist who broke the German Enigma cipher
 * Jerzy Różycki, Enigma-breaker
 * Stanisław Ruziewicz
 * Czesław Ryll-Nardzewski
 * Stanisław Saks
 * Wojciech Samotij
 * Juliusz Schauder
 * Wacław Sierpiński
 * Roman Sikorski
 * Julian Sochocki
 * Hugo Steinhaus
 * Włodzimierz Stożek
 * Wanda Szmielew
 * Władysław Ślebodziński
 * Ivan Śleszyński
 * Jan Śniadecki
 * Alfred Tarski
 * Adam Henryk Toruńczyk
 * Stanisław Ulam, co-designer (with Edward Teller) of the hydrogen bomb
 * Kazimierz Urbanik
 * Tadeusz Ważewski
 * Mariusz Wodzicki
 * Józef Hoene-Wroński
 * Kazimierz Zarankiewicz
 * Stanisław Zaremba
 * Henryk Zygalski, Enigma-breaker
 * Antoni Zygmund
 * Kazimierz Żorawski

Computer science

 * Krzysztof R. Apt
 * Paul Baran
 * Krzysztof Cios
 * Jarosław Duda
 * Andrzej Ehrenfeucht
 * Siemion Fajtlowicz, known for his Graffiti
 * Tomasz Imieliński
 * Piotr Indyk
 * Jacek Karpiński
 * Marek Karpiński
 * Marian Mazur
 * Jan Mycielski
 * Zdzislaw Pawlak
 * Emil Leon Post
 * Stanisław Radziszowski
 * Andrew Targowski
 * Jack Tramiel
 * Andrzej Trybulec, Mizar system
 * Stanisław Ulam
 * Jan Węglarz
 * Michał Zalewski
 * Dominic Wajda, Known for Creating Liberatube

Linguistics

 * Jolanta Antas
 * Jerzy Bartmiński
 * Jan Niecisław Baudouin de Courtenay (1845–1929), developed the theory of the phoneme and phonetic alternations.
 * Andrzej Bogusławski, Russian-Polish-Russian lexicographer, philosopher of language, semioticist
 * Aleksander Brückner (1856–1939), Slavicist and Polish-language lexicographer
 * Kazimierz Bulas (1903–1970), Polish–English lexicographer (Kościuszko Foundation Dictionary)
 * Jan Bystroń
 * Jan Czekanowski
 * Andrzej Gawroński
 * Grzegorz Knapski
 * Władysław Kopaliński
 * Onufry Kopczyński, creator of Polish-grammar terminology
 * Alfred Korzybski, originator of general semantics
 * Mikołaj Kruszewski
 * Jerzy Kuryłowicz
 * Samuel Bogumił Linde, Polish language lexicographer
 * Jan Mączyński
 * Halina Mierzejewska
 * Jan Miodek
 * Iwo Cyprian Pogonowski (1921–2016), Polish–English lexicographer
 * Anna Siewierska
 * Jan Stanisławski, Polish–English lexicographer
 * Antoni Józef Śmieszek
 * Michel Thomas
 * Zdzisław Wąsik
 * Anna Wierzbicka
 * L. L. Zamenhof, inventor of Esperanto

Invention

 * Bruno Abakanowicz, mathematician, engineer, inventor of the integraph
 * Stefan Bryła, first welded road bridge
 * Mieczysław G. Bekker, Lunar Roving Vehicle
 * Jan Czochralski, Czochralski process
 * Juliusz Bogdan Deczkowski, medical equipment
 * Stefan Drzewiecki, first submarine
 * Jan Dzierżoń, first successful movable-frame beehive
 * Leo Gerstenzang, Q-Tips
 * Rudolf Gundlach, Gundlach Rotary Periscope
 * Józef Hofmann, pneumatic shock absorbers
 * Stefan Kudelski, Nagra audio recorders
 * Stephanie Kwolek, inventor of Kevlar
 * Kazimierz Leski, ballast tank funnels
 * Janusz Liberkowski, Anecia Safety Capsule
 * Ignacy Łukasiewicz, kerosene lamp, oil refinery
 * Henryk Magnuski, walkie-talkie
 * Julian Ochorowicz, precursor of radio and television; philosopher, psychologist
 * Iwo Cyprian Pogonowski, petroleum-drilling platform inventor
 * Kazimierz Proszyński, cinematic camera
 * Marian Rejewski, broke German Enigma-machine ciphers, invented the cryptologic bomb
 * Jerzy Różycki, invented "clock" method used in breaking German Enigma-machine ciphers
 * Tadeusz Sendzimir, processing steel
 * Władysław Starewicz, first puppet-animated film
 * Abraham Stern, first computing-machine and device for calculating the square roots of numbers
 * Wacław Struszyński, seaborne direction finding antenna, which made a vital contribution to the defeat of U-boats in the Battle of the Atlantic
 * Jan Szczepanik, television patents
 * Władysław Tryliński, trylinka
 * Józef Tykociński, sound film
 * Stefan Tyszkiewicz, automotive and audio improvements
 * Mieczysław Wolfke, precursor of holography
 * Casimir Zeglen, bullet-proof vest
 * Henryk Zygalski, Zygalski sheets

Engineering

 * Karol Adamiecki
 * Krzysztof Arciszewski
 * Mieczysław G. Bekker, first moon rover
 * Włodzimierz Błasiak
 * Stefan Bryła, first welded road bridge
 * Romuald Cebertowicz, soil solidification
 * Zdzisław Celiński
 * Georges Charpak, particle detector
 * Jerzy Dąbrowski, designer of PZL.37 Łoś bomber
 * Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky, Polish-Russian engineer, electrician, and inventor
 * Adam Freytag
 * Rudolf Gundlach, tank designer
 * Kazimierz Gzowski
 * Edward Jan Habich
 * Tytus Maksymilian Huber
 * Jacek Jędruch
 * Stanisław Kierbedź
 * Stefan Kudelski, electronics engineer, inventor of the Nagra tape recorder
 * Józef Kosacki, Polish mine detector
 * Janusz Liberkowski, inventor
 * Henryk Magnuski, walkie-talkie
 * Ernest Malinowski, 19th-century constructor of Peru's Ferrovias Central, the world's highest railway at the time
 * Henry Millicer, aviation
 * Ralph Modjeski, bridge designer
 * Zenon Mróz, materials science engineer
 * Jan Nagórski, first man to fly over the North Pole
 * Antoni Patek, pioneer in watchmaking and a creator of Patek Philippe & Co.
 * Iwo Cyprian Pogonowski
 * Zygmunt Puławski, designer of PZL P.11 fighter
 * Bogdan Raczkowski, engineer and urbanist in Bydgoszcz
 * Ludwik Regamey, engineer and social activist
 * Wojciech Rostafiński, NASA
 * Kazimierz Siemienowicz, pioneer of rocket
 * Stefan Tyszkiewicz, automotive engineer, inventor of the airport luggage trolley
 * Stanisław Wigura, aviation
 * Piotr Wilniewczyc, weaponry
 * Franciszek Żwirko, aviation

Social sciences

 * Tadeusz Andrzejewski, archeologist, Egyptologist
 * Zygmunt Bauman, sociologist, philosopher
 * Stefan Błachowski, psychologist
 * Maria Czaplicka, anthropologist
 * Jan Władysław Dawid, psychologist
 * Tomasz Drezner, Renaissance jurist
 * Agnieszka Dudzińska, sociologist
 * Barbara Engelking, sociologist
 * Zygmunt Gloger, ethnographer, archaeologist, historian
 * Ludwig Gumplowicz, a founder of sociology
 * Norbert Guterman
 * Alicja Iwańska, sociologist
 * Franciszek Kasparek, jurist, professor of international law, rector of Kraków University
 * Oskar Kolberg, ethnographer
 * Marek Kotański, psychologist
 * Leon Kozłowski (1892–1944), archeologist; Prime Minister of Poland, 1934–35.
 * Ludwik Krzywicki, anthropologist, economist, sociologist
 * Jan Kubary, naturalist, ethnographer
 * Hersch Lauterpacht, creator of the legal concept of crimes against humanity
 * Raphael Lemkin, creator of the legal concept of genocide
 * Wiesław Łukaszewski, psychologist
 * Bronisław Malinowski, anthropologist
 * Władysław Markiewicz, sociologist
 * Kazimierz Michałowski, archeologist, Egyptologist
 * Karol Myśliwiec, archeologist, Egyptologist
 * Julian Ochorowicz, psychologist, philosopher, inventor
 * Maria Ossowska, sociologist
 * Stanisław Ossowski, sociologist
 * Bronisław Piłsudski, cultural anthropologist
 * Jadwiga Staniszkis, sociologist
 * Paweł Śpiewak, sociologist
 * Henryk Stroband, jurist and mayor of Toruń
 * Jerzy Szacki, historian of ideas
 * Zbigniew Szafrański, Egyptologist, archeologist
 * Jacek Szmatka, sociologist
 * Piotr Sztompka, sociologist
 * Edmund Wnuk-Lipiński, sociologist, founder of PAN's Institute of Political Studies
 * Florian Znaniecki, sociologist
 * Ewa K. Strzelecka, political scientist and social anthropologist.

Economics

 * Karol Adamiecki
 * Leszek Balcerowicz
 * Czesław Bobrowski
 * Henryka Bochniarz
 * Joanna Cygler
 * Gabriel Czechowicz
 * Franciszek Ksawery Drucki-Lubecki
 * Zyta Gilowska
 * Adam Glapiński
 * Władysław Grabski
 * Henryk Grossman
 * Robert Gwiazdowski
 * Leonid Hurwicz, 2007 Nobel Laureate
 * Danuta Hübner
 * Michał Kalecki
 * Grzegorz Kołodko
 * Monika Kostera
 * Tadeusz Kowalik
 * Stanisław Kronenberg
 * Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski
 * Ludwik Maurycy Landau
 * Oskar Lange
 * Janusz Lewandowski
 * Edward Lipiński
 * Kazimierz Łaski
 * Grzegorz Marek Michalski
 * Wacław Micuta
 * Hilary Minc
 * Marek Rocki
 * Dariusz Rosati
 * Jacek Rostowski
 * Edward Szczepanik
 * Sławomir Szwedowski
 * Louis Wolowski
 * Halina Wasilewska-Trenkner
 * Antoni Żabko-Potopowicz

Other sciences

 * Henryk Arctowski, explorer of the Antarctic
 * Leon Barszczewski, explorer
 * Piotr Ignacy Bieńkowski, scholar, archaeologist, professor
 * Karol Bohdanowicz, geologist
 * Gerard Ciołek, architect and historian of gardens
 * Aleksander Czekanowski, explorer of Siberia
 * Jan Czerski, paleontologist, explorer of Siberia
 * Zofia Daszyńska-Golińska, socialist politician, suffragist
 * Kazimierz Dąbrowski, psychologist
 * Helene Deutsch, psychoanalyst
 * Antoni Bolesław Dobrowolski, geophysicist, meteorologist, polar explorer
 * Ignacy Domeyko, geologist
 * Benedykt Dybowski, naturalist, explorer of Siberia
 * Gaspar da Gama, traveller, interpreter, explorer
 * Bronisław Grąbczewski, explorer
 * Mirosław Hermaszewski, the first Polish cosmonaut
 * Anton Hoffmann, 19th century architect in Bydgoszcz
 * Leonard Jaczewski, engineer, explorer of Asian Russia
 * Maria Janion, critic and theoretician of literature, feminist
 * Henryk Jordan, founding father of physical education
 * Józefa Joteyko, physiologist, psychologist and pedagogue
 * Rudolf Kern, Art Nouveau architect in Bydgoszcz
 * Antoni Kępiński, psychiatrist
 * Stefan Klajbor, architect
 * Janusz Korczak, pedagogue, writer
 * Jan Kossowski, modernist architect
 * Józef Kostrzewski, archeologist, museologist
 * Irena Krzywicka, feminist, writer, translator
 * Zofia Licharewa, geologist, museum founder
 * Henryk Lipszyc, specialist in Japanese culture, translator, ambassador of Poland in Tokyo
 * Rosa Luxemburg, Marxist political theorist, socialist philosopher, and revolutionary
 * Józef Morozewicz, mineralogist, petrographer
 * Halszka Osmólska, paleontologist
 * Jacek Pałkiewicz, journalist and explorer, best known for discovering the sources of the Amazon River
 * Michael Alfred Peszke, psychiatrist
 * Benedykt Polak (Benedict the Pole, Benedictus Polonus), explorer
 * Jan Potocki, linguist, Egyptologist, sociologist, author of The Saragossa Manuscript
 * Eugeniusz Romer, cartographer
 * Antoni Józef Śmieszek, Egyptologist
 * Józef Święcicki, 19th century architect
 * Stanisław of Skarbimierz, political scientist
 * Paweł Edmund Strzelecki, geologist, explorer of Australia
 * Tadeusz Sulimirski, archeologist
 * Józef Trzemeski, polar explorer
 * Bernard Wapowski, "father of Polish cartography"
 * Andrzej Wawrzyniak, diplomat, founder of the Asia and Pacific Museum in Warsaw
 * Fritz Weidner, designer and architect in Bydgoszcz
 * Paweł Włodkowic, jurist
 * Robert Zajonc, psychologist
 * Czesław Zakaszewski, hydrologist
 * Kazimierz Żurowski, archaeologist

History

 * Roman Aftanazy, historian of former Eastern Borderlands and librarian
 * Szymon Askenazy, historian and diplomat
 * Marcin Bielski, chronicler
 * Michał Bobrzyński, historian and politician
 * Józef Borzyszkowski, Kashubian historian
 * Filip Callimachus
 * Alina Cała
 * Marek Jan Chodakiewicz
 * Piotr Cywiński
 * Tadeusz Czacki
 * Norman Davies, British-Polish historian
 * Małgorzata Dąbrowska, historian, Byzantist
 * Jan Długosz, 15th-century chronicler of Poland
 * Maria Dzielska
 * Marian Kamil Dziewanowski, Poland, Russia, modern Europe
 * Karol Estreicher (senior), father of Polish Bibliography
 * Stanisław Estreicher
 * Tadeusz Estreicher
 * Józef Feldman
 * Mieczysław Gębarowicz, art historian, museum director, custodian of Ossolineum
 * Aleksander Gieysztor
 * Kazimierz Godłowski, historian and archeologist
 * Władysław Grabski
 * Roman Grodecki
 * Oskar Halecki, historian of Poland
 * Marceli Handelsman, historian of Poland
 * Paweł Jasienica, historian of Poland
 * Jacek Jędruch
 * Wincenty Kadłubek, 13th-century historian of Poland
 * Józef Kasparek, constitutions; World War II era
 * Stefan Kieniewicz, 19th-century Polish history
 * Jerzy Kirchmayer, 1944 Warsaw Uprising
 * Jerzy Kolendo, archaeologist, epigraphist and historian of the Mediterranean Basin in antiquity
 * Hugo Kołłątaj, 18th–19th-century historian, philosopher and politician
 * Feliks Koneczny, Polish history, social philosophy
 * Władysław Konopczyński, Polish and world history
 * Iwona Korga, historian, president of the Józef Piłsudski Institute of America
 * Stanisław Kot, historian, politician, diplomat
 * Władysław Kozaczuk, military history, military intelligence, World War II
 * Manfred Kridl, history of Polish culture and literature
 * Marcin Kromer, 16th-century Bishop of Warmia, secretary to two Polish kings, and historian of Poland
 * Jan Kucharzewski, historian and politician
 * Marian Kukiel, military historian and politician
 * Lucyna Kulińska
 * Ewa Kurek
 * Stanisław Kutrzeba, Poland, Polish law, Kraków
 * Gerard Labuda
 * Joachim Lelewel, historian of Poland
 * Jerzy Jan Lerski
 * Dariusz Libionka
 * Wacław Lipiński
 * Stanisław Lorentz, art historian
 * Czesław Madajczyk, World War II
 * Janusz Magnuski, World War II Polish and Soviet armor
 * Tadeusz Manteuffel, medievalist
 * Maciej Masłowski, art historian
 * Benjamin Mazar (1906–1995), Israeli historian and archeologist; President of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem
 * Maciej Miechowita
 * Lidia Milka-Wieczorkiewicz
 * Karol Modzelewski
 * Stephen Mizwa
 * Teodor Narbutt, Polish historian of Lithuania
 * Adam Naruszewicz, 18th-century historian, participant in the Great Sejm
 * Kasper Niesiecki, Jesuit lexicographer and heraldic scholar
 * Szymon Okolski, 17th-century historian
 * Bartosz Paprocki, Polish and Czech heraldic scholar
 * Michael Alfred Peszke, Polish Armed Forces, World War II
 * Tadeusz Piotrowski, historian of Poland during World War II
 * Richard Pipes, Polish-American historian of Russia and the Soviet Union
 * Iwo Cyprian Pogonowski, World War II, Polish-Jewish relations; engineer
 * Teresa Prekerowa
 * Stanisław Salmonowicz, historian of law
 * Henryk Samsonowicz, historian specializing in medieval Poland
 * Konstancja Skirmuntt
 * Julian Stachiewicz, military historian
 * Szymon Starowolski
 * Aneta Stawiszyńska
 * Dariusz Stola
 * Maciej Stryjkowski, historian, writer, poet
 * Irena Strzelecka
 * Tomasz Strzembosz, Polish World War II history
 * Tadeusz Sulimirski, historian and archeologist
 * Karol Szajnocha, historian and novelist
 * Józef Szujski
 * Zygmunt Szweykowski, Polish literature
 * Władysław Tatarkiewicz, philosophy and aesthetics
 * Rafał Taubenschlag, history of law
 * Janusz Tazbir, historian, specializing in the culture and religion of Poland in the 16th and 17th centuries
 * Józef Turowski, World War II OUN massacres of Poles
 * Adam Ulam, Polish-American historian of Russia and the Soviet Union
 * Adam Vetulani, history of law
 * Piotr S. Wandycz, Polish-American historian of Central and Eastern Europe
 * Leon Wasilewski
 * Ewa Wipszycka, historian and papyrologist
 * Richard Woytak, World War II era
 * Julia Zabłocka (1931–1993), historian, classical scholar, archaeologist
 * Wincenty Zakrzewski, 16th-century Poland
 * Adam Zamoyski
 * Janusz K. Zawodny, World War II
 * Marek Żukow-Karczewski, historian and journalist

Philosophy

 * Adam of Łowicz
 * Edward Abramowski
 * Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz
 * Zygmunt Bauman
 * Stefan Błachowski
 * Józef Maria Bocheński
 * Anna Brożek
 * Stanisław Brzozowski
 * Adam Burski
 * Piotr Chmielowski
 * Leon Chwistek
 * August Cieszkowski
 * Edward Dembowski
 * Anioł Dowgird
 * Adolf Dygasiński
 * Michał Falkener
 * Ludwik Fleck, 20th-century philosopher of science
 * Danuta Gierulanka
 * Józef Gołuchowski
 * Wawrzyniec Grzymała Goślicki
 * Jakub Górski
 * Grzegorz of Stawiszyn
 * Joanna Hańderek
 * Jan Hartman
 * Władysław Heinrich
 * Michał Heller
 * Józef Maria Hoene-Wroński
 * Janina Hosiasson-Lindenbaum
 * Roman Ingarden
 * Jakub of Gostynin
 * Jan of Głogów
 * Jan of Stobnica
 * Józef Emanuel Jankowski
 * Feliks Jaroński
 * Stanisław Jaśkowski
 * Jan Jonston
 * Leszek Kołakowski
 * Hugo Kołłątaj
 * Alfred Korzybski
 * Tadeusz Kotarbiński
 * Władysław Mieczysław Kozłowski
 * Józef Kremer
 * Franciszek Krupiński
 * Krystyn Lach-Szyrma
 * Irena Lasota
 * Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek
 * Stanisław Leszczyński
 * Stanisław Leśniewski
 * Casimir Lewy
 * Karol Libelt
 * Wincenty Lutosławski
 * Jan Łukasiewicz
 * Kazimierz Łyszczyński
 * Adam Mahrburg
 * Ewa Majewska
 * Marian Massonius
 * Émile Meyerson
 * Konstanty Michalski
 * Wawrzyniec Mitzler de Kolof
 * Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski
 * Julian Ochorowicz
 * Maria Ossowska
 * Stefan Pawlicki
 * Leon Petrażycki
 * Sebastian Petrycy
 * Bolesław Prus
 * Adam Schaff
 * Ulrich Schrade
 * Barbara Skarga
 * Stanisław Staszic
 * Józef Supiński
 * Józef Kalasanty Szaniawski
 * Jan Szylling
 * Maria Szyszkowska
 * Jan Śniadecki
 * Jędrzej Śniadecki
 * Magdalena Środa
 * Aleksander Świętochowski
 * Alfred Tarski
 * Władysław Tatarkiewicz
 * Józef Tischner
 * Andrzej Towiański
 * Bronisław Trentowski
 * Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka
 * Kazimierz Twardowski
 * Michał Twaróg of Bystrzyków
 * Vitello
 * Józef Warszawski
 * Władysław Weryho
 * Michał Wiszniewski
 * Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz (Witkacy)
 * Władysław Witwicki
 * Karol Wojtyla
 * Jan Woleński
 * Adam Ignacy Zabellewicz
 * Marian Zdziechowski
 * Eleonora Ziemięcka
 * Czesław Znamierowski
 * Florian Znaniecki

Prose literature

 * Franciszka Arnsztajnowa, playwright
 * S. Ansky, Bielorussian, Polish-Jewish author of The Dybbuk
 * Joanna Bator, novelist, feminist
 * Witold Bełza, librarian, writer, publicist on Bydgoszcz
 * Halina Birenbaum, Polish Israeli writer, translator, chronicler of the martyrdom of Polish Jewry
 * Karol Olgierd Borchardt, maritime author
 * Tadeusz Borowski, writer and journalist
 * Tadeusz Boy-Żeleński, writer; translator of over 100 French literary classics
 * Edmund Chojecki, journalist based in France
 * Joanna Chmielewska, crime writer
 * Sylwia Chutnik, novelist, feminist, social activist
 * Joseph Conrad (Józef Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski), English-language novelist
 * Stanisław Czerniecki, landowner and chef, author of the first Cookery book in Polish 1682
 * Lucyna Ćwierczakiewiczowa, cookbook author
 * Maria Dąbrowska, novelist and translator of the Diary of Samuel Pepys into Polish
 * Johannes Dantiscus (Jan Dantyszek), Latin poet and Prince-Bishop of Warmia
 * Jacek Dehnel, writer, poet, translator, painter
 * Tadeusz Dołęga-Mostowicz, author of the novel, The Career of Nicodemus Dyzma
 * Jacek Dukaj, science-fiction writer
 * Adolf Dygasiński, novelist
 * Leszek Engelking, short story writer
 * Felicjan Medard Faleński, poet, novelist
 * Aleksander Fredro, poet, comedy writer
 * Jerzy Giedroyć, legendary émigré editor (Kultura)
 * Janusz Głowacki, playwright, nonfiction author
 * Ferdynand Goetel, novelist, playwright, essayist
 * Witold Gombrowicz, novelist, playwright
 * Stefan Grabiński, horror writer
 * Mieczysław Grydzewski, legendary editor (Skamander, Wiadomości Literackie)
 * Henryk Grynberg, writer
 * Adam Grzymała-Siedlecki, literary and theater critic
 * Józef Hen, novelist, essayist, playwright, screenwriter, and reporter
 * Gustaw Herling-Grudziński, writer, journalist, essayist, World War II underground fighter
 * Marek Hłasko, novelist, short story writer
 * Klementyna Hoffmanowa, writer of memoir and children's literature
 * Paweł Huelle, essayist
 * Juliusz Kaden-Bandrowski
 * Wincenty Kadłubek, political scientist, writer, chronicler
 * Ryszard Kapuściński, writer and journalist
 * Wojciech Karpiński, writer and essayist
 * Maria Konopnicka, writer, novelist
 * Tadeusz Konwicki, writer
 * Janusz Korczak, writer, pedagogist
 * Jerzy Kosiński, writer
 * Zofia Kossak-Szczucka, novelist and World War II resistance fighter
 * Stefania Kossowska, journalist, writer, editor and broadcaster in emigré London
 * Marek Krajewski, crime writer, known for his series of novels set in pre-war Wrocław with Eberhard Mock as the protagonist
 * Hanna Krall, writer
 * Ignacy Krasicki, author of the first Polish novel, The Adventures of Mr. Nicholas Wisdom, and of Fables and Parables
 * Józef Ignacy Kraszewski, Poland's most prolific writer (and one of the world's most prolific), noted especially for his historical novels
 * Wojciech Kuczok, novelist, screenwriter, film critic
 * Antoni Lange, writer, poet, philosopher
 * Stanisław Lem, science-fiction writer, essayist, philosopher
 * Stanisław Lubieniecki, writer, astronomer* Waldemar Łysiak, writer
 * Józef Mackiewicz, writer, journalist
 * Kornel Makuszyński, children's writer
 * Dorota Masłowska, writer and playwright
 * Juliusz Mieroszewski, publicist, translator of Orwell's 1984 into Polish
 * Kazimierz Moczarski, writer and journalist
 * Sławomir Mrożek, dramatist and writer
 * Wiesław Myśliwski, novelist
 * Anna Nakwaska, children's author and educationist
 * Joanna Olczak-Ronikier, novelist
 * Eliza Orzeszkowa, Positivist writer
 * Ferdynand Antoni Ossendowski, writer
 * Teodor Parnicki, historical novelist
 * Jan Chryzostom Pasek, memoirist
 * Sergiusz Piasecki, writer
 * Krzysztof Piesiewicz, screenwriter and politician
 * Jerzy Pilch, writer, columnist, journalist
 * Elena Poniatowska, columnist and novelist
 * Jan Potocki, The Saragossa Manuscript
 * Bolesław Prus, The Doll and Pharaoh
 * Ksawery Pruszyński, writer and journalist
 * Stanisława Przybyszewska
 * Stanisław Przybyszewski, novelist, dramatist, and poet who wrote in both German and Polish
 * Mikołaj Rej, a founder of Polish literary language and literature
 * Małgorzata Rejmer, writer
 * Sydor Rey, writer, poet, novelist
 * Władysław Reymont, 1924 Nobel laureate
 * Zyta Rudzka, novelist
 * Henryk Rzewuski, novelist
 * Pinchas Sadeh, Israeli novelist and poet
 * Barbara Sanguszko, enlightenment writer and salon hostess
 * Andrzej Sapkowski, fantasy writer
 * Sat-Okh, Polish-Shawnee writer
 * Bruno Schulz, novelist and painter
 * Henryk Sienkiewicz, 1905 Nobel laureate
 * Isaac Bashevis Singer, 1978 Nobel laureate
 * Piotr Skarga, poet, writer, humanist
 * Andrzej Stasiuk, writer, journalist, literary critic
 * Jędrzej Śniadecki, terminologist, writer
 * Stefan Themerson, children's writer, film maker, inventor of "semantic poetry", philosopher
 * Olga Tokarczuk, writer, psychologist, 2019 Nobel laureate
 * Magdalena Tulli, novelist, translator
 * Marian Turwid, writer and painter from Bydgoszcz
 * Leopold Tyrmand, writer
 * Meyer Wolf Weisgal, American journalist, publisher, and playwright; President of the Weizmann Institute of Science
 * Józef Weyssenhoff, novelist, poet, literary critic
 * Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz (Witkacy)
 * Stanisław Wyspiański, painter and writer
 * Franciszek Zabłocki, comic dramatist and satirist
 * Janusz A. Zajdel, science-fiction writer
 * Gabriela Zapolska, novelist
 * Rafał A. Ziemkiewicz, political fiction and science-fiction writer
 * Aleksandra Ziolkowska-Boehm, writer
 * Antonina Żabińska, writer
 * Stefan Żeromski, novelist
 * Jerzy Żuławski, novelist

Poetry

 * Guillaume Apollinaire, (Wilhelm Apolinary Kostrowicki)
 * Franciszka Arnsztajnowa
 * Adam Asnyk
 * Krzysztof Kamil Baczyński
 * Edward Balcerzan
 * Stanisław Barańczak
 * Miron Białoszewski
 * Zbigniew Bieńkowski
 * Biernat of Lublin
 * Tadeusz Borowski
 * Władysław Broniewski
 * Jan Brzechwa
 * Stanisław Korab-Brzozowski
 * Teodor Bujnicki
 * Andrzej Bursa
 * Tytus Czyżewski
 * Jacek Dehnel
 * Elżbieta Drużbacka
 * Leszek Engelking
 * Jerzy Ficowski
 * Aleksander Fredro
 * Tadeusz Gajcy
 * Konstanty Ildefons Gałczyński
 * Zuzanna Ginczanka
 * Stanisław Grochowiak
 * Julia Hartwig
 * Marian Hemar
 * Zbigniew Herbert
 * Kazimiera Iłłakowiczówna
 * Wacław Iwaniuk
 * Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz
 * Klemens Janicki
 * Bruno Jasieński
 * Anna Kamieńska
 * Franciszek Karpiński
 * Jan Kasprowicz
 * Jan Kochanowski
 * Feliks Konarski
 * Maria Konopnicka
 * Julian Kornhauser
 * Urszula Kozioł
 * Ignacy Krasicki
 * Zygmunt Krasiński
 * Andrzej Krzycki
 * Paweł Kubisz
 * Jalu Kurek
 * Stanisław Jerzy Lec
 * Jan Lechoń
 * Bolesław Leśmian
 * Ewa Lipska
 * Henryka Łazowertówna
 * Tadeusz Miciński
 * Adam Mickiewicz
 * Grazyna Miller, translation
 * Czesław Miłosz, 1980 Nobel Prize in Literature
 * Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski, humanism
 * Jan Andrzej Morsztyn
 * Zbigniew Morsztyn
 * Daniel Naborowski
 * Adam Naruszewicz, translation, history
 * Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz
 * Cyprian Kamil Norwid
 * Franciszek Nowicki
 * Beata Obertyńska
 * Antoni Edward Odyniec
 * Artur Oppman
 * Władysław Orkan
 * Agnieszka Osiecka
 * Maria Pawlikowska-Jasnorzewska
 * Jacek Podsiadło
 * Wincenty Pol
 * Wacław Potocki
 * Halina Poświatowska
 * Zenon Przesmycki
 * Jeremi Przybora, songs
 * Julian Przyboś
 * Mikołaj Rej
 * Sydor Rey
 * Tadeusz Różewicz
 * Zygmunt Rumel
 * Lucjan Rydel
 * Jarosław Marek Rymkiewicz
 * Maciej Kazimierz Sarbiewski
 * Antoni Słonimski
 * Juliusz Słowacki
 * Edward Stachura
 * Anna Stanisławska
 * Anatol Stern
 * Leopold Staff
 * Xawery Stańczyk, poet, sociologist
 * Władysław Szlengel, Jewish-Polish poet and lyricist killed in the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
 * Włodzimierz Szymanowicz
 * Wisława Szymborska, 1996 Nobel Prize in Literature
 * Szymon Szymonowic
 * Marcin Świetlicki
 * Bolesław Taborski, translator of Pope John Paul II into English, BBC editor
 * Kazimierz Przerwa-Tetmajer
 * Eugeniusz Tkaczyszyn-Dycki
 * Julian Tuwim
 * Jan Twardowski
 * Kornel Ujejski
 * Bronisława Wajs, aka "Papusza", Polska Roma poet and singer
 * Aleksander Wat
 * Kazimierz Wierzyński
 * Stefan Witwicki
 * Rafał Wojaczek
 * Stanisław Wyspiański
 * Tymon Zaborowski
 * Adam Zagajewski
 * Józef Bohdan Zaleski
 * Kazimiera Zawistowska
 * Piotr Zbylitowski
 * Emil Zegadłowicz
 * Juliusz Żuławski

Music

 * Chava Alberstein, Israeli singer-songwriter
 * Piotr Anderszewski, pianist
 * Stefan Askenase, pianist
 * Emanuel Ax, pianist
 * Grażyna Bacewicz, composer
 * Stanisław Barcewicz, conductor, violinist
 * Edyta Bartosiewicz, singer
 * Kamil Bednarek, reggae and dancehall vocalist, songwriter, composer and musician
 * Michał Bergson, pianist composer, promoter of Chopin and father of Henri Bergson
 * Marek Biliński, electronic music composer
 * Rafał Blechacz, pianist
 * Jan Nepomucen Bobrowicz, composer ("the Chopin of guitar")
 * Stan Borys, singer-songwriter
 * Monika Brodka, singer
 * Dariusz Brzozowski, drummer
 * Jan Borysewicz, composer, singer, guitarist
 * Grzegorz Ciechowski, composer, singer
 * Fryderyk Chopin, composer and pianist
 * Agnieszka Chylińska, singer-songwriter, author and television personality
 * Cleo, singer
 * Krzysztof Czerwiński, conductor and organist
 * Adam Darski, singer-songwriter, guitarist
 * Ania Dąbrowska, singer-songwriter, composer
 * Ewa Demarczyk, singer
 * Krzesimir Dębski, composer
 * Wojciech Długoraj, lutenist, composer
 * Andrzej Dobrowolski, composer
 * Doda, singer
 * Ignacy Feliks Dobrzyński, composer
 * Jan Drozdowski, pianist and music teacher
 * Urszula Dudziak, singer
 * Walek Dzedzej, punk performer
 * Józef Elsner, composer, Chopin's piano teacher
 * Ewa Farna, singer
 * Mieczysław Fogg, singer
 * Robert 'Litza' Friedrich, rock singer
 * Anna German, singer
 * Mikołaj Gomółka, composer
 * Grzegorz Gerwazy Gorczycki, composer
 * Kasia Glowicka, composer
 * Konstanty Gorski, composer and violinist
 * Henryk Górecki, composer
 * Edyta Górniak, singer
 * Marek Grechuta, singer-songwriter, composer, and lyricist
 * Taco Hemingway, rapper
 * Jan Hoffman, pianist and pedagogue
 * Józef Hofmann, pianist
 * Mieczysław Horszowski, pianist
 * Bronisław Huberman, violinist
 * Grzegorz Hyży, singer-songwriter
 * Zdzisław Jachimecki, musicologist, composer
 * Alicja Janosz, singer
 * Anna Jantar, singer
 * Adam Jarzębski, composer
 * Anna Maria Jopek, singer, musician
 * Jula, singer-songwriter
 * Reni Jusis, singer
 * Jan A. P. Kaczmarek, Oscar-winning film composer
 * Jacek Kaczmarski, singer-songwriter
 * Maria Kalergis, pianist
 * Bronisław Kaper, film composer
 * Mieczysław Karłowicz, composer
 * Jerzy Katlewicz, conductor
 * Kayah, singer
 * Wacław Kiełtyka, guitarist
 * Stefan Kisielewski, composer, writer
 * Wojciech Kilar, composer
 * Krzysztof Komeda, jazz composer
 * Zygmunt Konieczny, composer
 * Abel Korzeniowski, film score composer
 * Roman Kostrzewski, controversial singer-songwriter
 * Kasia Kowalska, singer
 * Seweryn Krajewski, singer-songwriter
 * Dawid Kwiatkowski, singer-songwriter
 * Rafał Kuczynski ('Human Error')
 * Hanna Kulenty, composer
 * Karol Kurpiński, composer
 * Lucjan Kydryński, music critic, writer
 * Wanda Landowska, harpsichordist
 * Teodor Leszetycki, pianist, pedagogue
 * Monika Lewczuk, singer-songwriter, model
 * Franciszek Lilius, composer
 * Lydia Kindermann, opera singer
 * Karol Lipiński, composer, virtuoso violinist (about equal to Niccolò Paganini)
 * Jan Lisiecki, pianist
 * Ewelina Lisowska, singer-songwriter
 * Michał Lorenc, film score composer
 * Jan z Lublina, composer
 * Witold Lutosławski, composer
 * Jerzy Maksymiuk, conductor
 * Ray Manzarek, musician, singer, keyboardist of The Doors
 * Margaret, singer-songwriter
 * Patrycja Markowska, pop rock singer
 * Mata, rapper
 * Paweł Mąciwoda, bassist, member of the German rock band Scorpions
 * Megitza, singer, double bass player, and composer
 * Krzysztof Meyer, composer
 * Aleksander Michałowski, pianist and pedagogue
 * Carl Mikuli, composer
 * Maciek Miernik, producer
 * Marcin Mielczewski, composer
 * Emil Młynarski, conductor and composer
 * Stanisław Moniuszko, composer
 * Moritz Moszkowski, composer
 * Czesław Mozil, singer and musician
 * Leszek Możdżer, pianist and composer
 * Tadeusz Nalepa, composer, guitar player, vocalist, and lyricist
 * Czesław Niemen, singer-songwriter
 * Katarzyna Nosowska, singer-songwriter
 * Marcin Nowak, guitarist and singer
 * Feliks Nowowiejski, composer
 * Zygmunt Noskowski, composer
 * Natalia Nykiel, singer-songwriter
 * Wiesław Ochman, opera singer
 * Michał Kazimierz Ogiński, composer
 * Michał Kleofas Ogiński, composer
 * Hanka Ordonówna, singer, actress, dancer
 * O.S.T.R., rapper, musician
 * Ignacy Jan Paderewski, pianist, composer
 * Andrzej Panufnik, composer
 * Włodek Pawlik, jazz musician, composer
 * Krzysztof Penderecki, composer
 * Maria Peszek, singer-songwriter
 * Jerzy Petersburski, pianist, composer
 * Egon Petri, pianist born Dutch who never lived in Holland, a resident of Zakopane, Poland, 1927–39, a Polish-speaker
 * Pezet, rapper
 * Bartłomiej Pękiel, composer
 * Andrzej Piaseczny, singer-songwriter, actor, and television personality
 * Svika Pick, Israeli pop singer, composer
 * Dawid Podsiadło, singer
 * Jerzy Połomski, singer
 * Piotr Półtorak, guitarist
 * Zbigniew Preisner, composer
 * Zbigniew Robert Promiński, drummer
 * Natalia Przybysz, rhythm and blues singer
 * Pawel Przytocki, conductor
 * Tomasz "Titus" Pukacki, singer
 * Krzysztof Raczkowski, drummer
 * Mikołaj z Radomia, Middle Ages composer
 * Édouard de Reszke, bass
 * Jan and Emilja Reszke, violinist and mezzo-soprano, parents of opera stars
 * Jean de Reszke, tenor
 * Josephine de Reszke, soprano
 * Ryszard Riedel, singer
 * Maryla Rodowicz, singer
 * Artur Rodziński, conductor
 * Eddie Rosner, jazz, "Polish (or: The White) Louis Armstrong"
 * Piotr Rubik, composer
 * Arthur Rubinstein, pianist
 * Sanah, singer-songwriter
 * Ada Sari, opera singer
 * Jadwiga Sarnecka, composer and pianist
 * Sarsa, singer-songwriter
 * Bogusław Schaeffer, composer
 * Xaver Scharwenka, composer
 * Marcella Sembrich (1858–1935), coloratura soprano
 * Kazimierz Serocki, composer
 * Witold Silewicz, composer, bassist
 * Józef Skrzek, composer and leader of SBB band
 * Cezary Skubiszewski, Polish-Australian composer
 * Tomasz Stańko, jazz trumpeter
 * Kazik Staszewski, singer-songwriter
 * Muniek Staszczyk, singer
 * Justyna Steczkowska, singer
 * Zygmunt Stojowski, composer
 * Jadwiga Szamotulska, pianist
 * Wacław of Szamotuły
 * Aleksander Szeligowski, composer, pedagog
 * Tadeusz Szeligowski, composer, conductor
 * Henryk Szeryng, violinist
 * Władysław Szpilman, pianist
 * Patryk Dominik Sztyber, guitarist, singer
 * Maria Agata Szymanowska, composer, concert pianist
 * Karol Szymanowski, composer, pianist
 * Paweł Szymański, composer
 * Andrzej Szwalbe, first director of the Pomeranian Philharmonic
 * André Tchaikowsky, pianist, composer
 * Barbara Trzetrzelewska, singer popularly known as "Basia"
 * Grzegorz Turnau, singer
 * Ifi Ude, singer
 * Michał Urbaniak, jazz musician
 * Moshe Vilenski, Israeli composer, lyricist, and pianist
 * Violetta Villas, singer-songwriter
 * Andrzej Wasowski, pianist
 * Henryk Wieniawski, composer
 * Wanda Wiłkomirska, violinist
 * Antoni Wit, conductor
 * Piotr Wiwczarek, guitarist, singer
 * Zbigniew Wodecki, singer, musician, composer, actor and TV presenter
 * Tomasz Wróblewski, guitarist, singer
 * Aga Zaryan, jazz singer
 * Mikołaj Zieleński, composer
 * Krystian Zimerman, pianist
 * Władysław Żeleński, composer
 * Wojciech Żywny, composer, Chopin's first professional piano teacher

Visual arts

 * Magdalena Abakanowicz, sculptor
 * Tadeusz Ajdukiewicz, painter
 * Zygmunt Ajdukiewicz, painter
 * Sylwester Ambroziak, sculptor
 * Chrystian Piotr Aigner, architect
 * Paweł Althamer, contemporary artist
 * Michał Elwiro Andriolli (1836–93), illustrator, painter, architect
 * Teodor Axentowicz, painter and rector of Krakow Academy of Fine Arts
 * Marcello Bacciarelli, Italian-Polish portrait painter
 * Tomasz Bagiński, computer graphics
 * Balthus (Balthasar Kłossowski de Rola), Polish-French painter
 * Mirosław Bałka, contemporary painter and sculptor
 * Krzysztof Bednarski, sculptor
 * Zdzisław Beksiński, painter
 * Bernardo Bellotto, Italian-Polish landscape and court painter
 * Władysław T. Benda, painter, illustrator, designer
 * Henryka Beyer (1782–1855), painter
 * Anna Bilińska-Bohdanowicz, painter
 * Walerian Borowczyk, painter, lithographer and film director
 * Olga Boznańska, painter
 * Józef Brandt, battle-scene painter
 * Maximilian Cercha, painter and drawer
 * Jan Chełmiński (1851–1925), painter of historical and military subjects
 * Józef Marian Chełmoński, painter
 * Józef Czapski, painter
 * Tytus Czyżewski, painter, poet, art critic
 * Jacenty Dędek, photographer
 * Zbigniew Dłubak, painter
 * Andrzej Dłużniewski, contemporary sculptor
 * Karl Duldig (1902–1986)
 * Xawery Dunikowski, sculptor
 * Maksymilian Fajans, Jewish–Polish artist, lithographer, photographer
 * Julian Fałat, painter
 * Wojciech Fangor, painter
 * Jakub Fontana, baroque and neoclassical architect
 * Teodor and Franciszek Gajewski, sculptors and painters
 * Wojciech Gerson, painter
 * Stefan Gierowski, painter
 * Aleksander Gierymski, painter, brother of Maksymilian Gierymski
 * Maksymilian Gierymski, painter
 * Cyprian Godebski, sculptor
 * Chaim Goldberg, Painter, Sculptor and Engraver
 * Zygmunt Gorgolewski, architect
 * Józef Gosławski, sculptor and medallist
 * Jadwiga Grabowska-Hawrylak, architect
 * Artur Grottger, painter, illustrator
 * Aleksander Gryglewski, interior portraits
 * Władysław Hasior, sculptor, painter, stage designer
 * Józef Hecht, engraver, printmaker
 * Józef Holewiński, graphic artist and painter
 * Stanisław Horno-Popławski, painter, sculptor, pedagogue
 * Władysław Horodecki, architect
 * Ryszard Horowitz, photographer
 * Maria Jarema, painter, sculptor
 * Ewa Juszkiewicz, painter
 * Anna Kamieńska-Łapińska, sculptor, animated-film scenarist
 * Johann Christian Kammsetzer, architect
 * Tadeusz Kantor (1915–1990), painter, theater director
 * Marta Klonowska, glass maker and sculptor
 * Katarzyna Kobro, sculptor
 * Roman Kochanowski, landscape painter
 * Robert Konieczny, architect
 * Gloria Kossak, painter, poet
 * Jerzy Kossak, painter
 * Juliusz Kossak, painter, illustrator
 * Wojciech Kossak, painter
 * Katarzyna Kozyra, video artist
 * Lucjan Kraszewski, painter, photographer, illustrator; brother of Józef Ignacy Kraszewski
 * Nikifor Krynicki, painter
 * Alexander Kucharsky, painter
 * Zofia Kulik, performer
 * Teofil Kwiatkowski, painter
 * Tamara de Lempicka, painter
 * Zbigniew Lengren, cartoonist and illustrator
 * Jan Lenica, graphic designer and cartoonist
 * Stanisław Lentz, painter
 * Aleksander Lesser, painter
 * Daniel Libeskind, architect
 * Bronisław Linke, graphic artist, painter of the horror of war
 * Mieczysław Lubelski, sculptor, ceramicist and creator of the Polish War Memorial
 * Władysław Łuszczkiewicz, painter
 * Tadeusz Makowski, painter member of Paris School
 * Jacek Malczewski, painter
 * Rafał Malczewski, painter, writer, climber
 * Kazimierz Malewicz, painter, founder of Suprematism
 * Stanisław Masłowski, painter
 * Jan Matejko, painter
 * Agata Materowicz, painter, photographer, graphic designer, FIMO figurines designer and hand-maker
 * Józef Mehoffer, painter
 * Piotr Michałowski, painter
 * Jacek Mierzejewski, painter
 * Jerzy Mierzejewski, painter and pedagogue
 * Ambroży Mieroszewski, Chopin's first portraitist
 * Igor Mitoraj, sculptor
 * Dorota Nieznalska, sculptor
 * Nikifor, naive artist of Lemko origin
 * Jan Piotr Norblin, painting, drawing, caricature
 * Jerzy Nowosielski, painter
 * Seweryn Obst, painter, illustrator, ethnographer
 * Rafał Olbiński, illustrator, painter
 * Roman Opałka, painter
 * Aleksander Orłowski, painter
 * Stanisław Julian Ostroróg, early portrait photographer, known as "Walery"
 * Stanisław Julian Ignacy Ostroróg, celebrated photographer son of the other Ostroróg
 * Józef Pankiewicz, painter, graphic artist
 * Aniela Pawlikowska, portrait painter
 * Maximilian Piotrowski, painter and professor at the Academy of Fine Arts in Königsberg
 * Władysław Podkowiński, painter and illustrator
 * Józef Pokutyński, architect
 * Peter Potworowski, painter
 * Stanislaw Przespolewski, painter, sculptor
 * Anna Rajecka, 18th-century portrait painter
 * Joanna Rajkowska, contemporary artist; designer of Warsaw's artificial palm tree
 * Zofia Romer, painter
 * Ferdynand Ruszczyc, painter, graphic artist, cartoonist, stage designer
 * Henryk Rodakowski, painter
 * Wilhelm Sasnal, painter
 * Jan Sawka, painter, print-maker, architect, graphic designer, multi-media artist
 * Johann Christian Schuch, garden designer, architect
 * Kazimierz Sichulski, painter
 * Władysław Sławny, photographer
 * Jan Stanisławski, painter
 * Henryk Stażewski, painter
 * Zofia Stryjeńska, illustrator, painter
 * Władysław Strzemiński, painter
 * January Suchodolski, painter
 * Józef Szajna, sculptor, stage designer, theatre director
 * Stanisław Szukalski, sculptor, painter
 * Arthur Szyk, illuminator, war cartoonist, book illustrator
 * Wacław Szymanowski, sculptor, designer of Chopin monument in Warsaw
 * Włodzimierz Tetmajer, painter
 * Franciszka Themerson, painter, illustrator, stage designer
 * Stanisław Tondos, painter
 * Feliks Topolski, expressionist painter and draughtsman
 * Roland Topor, illustrator, painter, writer and filmmaker
 * Piotr Triebler, sculptor
 * Zygmunt Vogel, watercolor and drawing
 * Marian Walentynowicz, illustrator and comic strip pioneer
 * Walenty Wańkowicz, painter
 * Max Weber, painter
 * Michał Weinzieher, art critic
 * Wojciech Weiss, painter and draughtsman
 * Jan de Weryha-Wysoczański, sculptor
 * Alfred Wierusz-Kowalski, painter
 * Stanisław Witkiewicz, painter, architect
 * Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz (Witkacy), painter, photographer, playwright, novelist, philosopher
 * Kazimierz Wojniakowski, painter
 * Leon Wyczółkowski, painter
 * Stanisław Wyspiański, painter
 * August Zamoyski, sculptor
 * Jerzy Zaruba, graphic artist, caricaturist, stage designer
 * Jan Sas Zubrzycki, architect
 * Marek Zulawski, painter and art theorist

Entertainment

 * Piotr Andrejew, film director
 * Józef Arkusz, film director
 * Tomasz Bagiński, creator of short animated films, BAFTA Award winner, Academy Award nominee
 * Andrzej Bartkowiak, cinematographer, director, actor
 * Eugeniusz Bodo, singer and actor
 * Wojciech Bogusławski, actor, theater director, playwright; "father of the Polish Theater"
 * Walerian Borowczyk, film director
 * Ewa Braun, Academy Award-winning set decorator, costume designer, production designer
 * Ewa Demarczyk, actress, poetry singer
 * Doda (Dorota Rabczewska), actress, singer
 * Paweł Edelman, cinematographer, European Film Award winner
 * Aleksander Ford, director
 * Piotr Fronczewski, actor and singer
 * Jerzy Grotowski, theatre reformer
 * Loda Halama, dancer, actor
 * Adam Hanuszkiewicz, actor, theater director
 * Wojciech Has, film director
 * Marian Hemar, songwriter, cabaret artist
 * Jerzy Hoffman, film director
 * Agnieszka Holland, film director, nominated for Academy Awards and BAFTA Award
 * Miłosz Horodyski, film and television director
 * Sławomir Idziak, cinematographer, nominated for Oscar
 * Stanislas Idzikowski, ballet dancer, choreographer and teacher
 * Stefan Jaracz, actor, theater producer
 * Jan A.P. Kaczmarek, Academy Award-winning composer, nominated to BAFTA Award
 * Jacek Kaczmarski, protest songwriter, poetry singer, guitarist
 * Janusz Kamiński, two-time-Oscars- and BAFTA Award-winning cinematographer and film director
 * Bronislau Kaper, Academy Award-winning composer
 * Krzysztof Kieślowski, film director, nominated for Academy Awards
 * Anna Kochanowska, radio journalist and politician
 * Max Kolonko, TV personality, producer, writer
 * Joanna Krupa, actress and supermodel
 * Kazimierz Kutz, film director
 * Irena Kwiatkowska (1912–2011), actress
 * Pola Negri, film actress, singer
 * Vaslav Nijinsky (Wacław Niżyński), ballet dancer considered the greatest male lead of the early 20th century
 * Hanka Ordonówna (1902–50), singer, dancer, actress
 * Jerzy Owsiak, broadcaster
 * Krzysztof Pastor, dancer, choreographer and ballet director
 * Paweł Pawlikowski, film director
 * Marianna Franciszka Pierożyńska (1763–1816), actress, opera singer
 * Jan Pietrzak (born 1937), satirist, cabaret performer
 * Roman Polanski, award-winning film director raised and educated in Poland
 * Beata Pozniak, actress, director, activist, writer, producer
 * Jeremi Przybora, writer, actor and singer
 * Krzysztof Ptak, cinematographer
 * Marie Rambert, influential ballet pedagogue and director
 * Zbigniew Rybczyński, Oscar- and Emmy Award-winning filmmaker
 * Lew Rywin, film producer
 * Andrzej Saramonowicz, screenwriter, film director
 * Leon Schiller, theatre director
 * Izabella Scorupco, Polish-born Hollywood-actress and singer
 * Jerzy Skolimowski, film director
 * Przemysław Skwirczyński, cinematographer
 * Piotr Sobocinski, cinematographer
 * Allan Starski, Oscar-winning production designer, art director, set designer
 * Yvonne Strahovski (Strzechowski), Polish-Australian television, film, and voice actress
 * Jerzy Stuhr, actor, film director
 * Franciszka Themerson, filmmaker and artist
 * Henryk Tomaszewski, mime
 * Basia Trzetrzelewska, singer
 * Anna Tsuchiya, Japanese Singer, Actress, Model of Polish descent
 * Andrzej Wajda, Academy Award, Golden Palm, BAFTA Award, Silver Berlin Bear, César Award and Golden Lion winning film director
 * Harry Warner, Warner Bros. co-founder
 * Albert Warner, Warner Bros. co-founder
 * Samuel Warner, Warner Bros. co-founder
 * Jerzy Wasowski, radio announcer, composer, pianist, actor and director
 * Michał Waszyński, film director
 * Leon Woizikovsky, dancer and ballet master
 * Dariusz Wolski, cinematographer
 * Krzysztof Zanussi, film director
 * Zbigniew Zapasiewicz, actor, theater director
 * Andrzej Żuławski, film director
 * Alexis Saint-Pete, drag performer

Business

 * Jan Gotlib Bloch, railway financier who in 1898 predicted the railroad-moblized industrial warfare of World War I
 * Count Xavier Branicki, financier, philanthropist, co-founder of Credit Foncier de France
 * Rafał Brzoska, entrepreneur, investor and philanthropist, founder and CEO of InPost
 * Hipolit Cegielski
 * Andrzej Ciechanowiecki, Antiquarian, Gallery owner, collector and philanthropist
 * André Citroën, automotive industrialist
 * Jack Cohen, co-founder of the Tesco retail chain
 * Franciszek Czapek, co-partner in Patek, Czapek & Co.
 * Leszek Czarnecki, businessman
 * Irena Eris, businesswoman
 * Max Factor, Sr., cosmetics entrepreneur
 * Françoise Frenkel, bookshop entrepreneur
 * Henryk Grohman, textile manufacturer and patron of the arts
 * Nathan Handwerker
 * Anna Jabłonowska, early social and industrial entrepreneur, magnate
 * Karol Jaroszyński, entrepreneur, financier and philanthropist
 * Barbara Piasecka Johnson, humanitarian, philanthropist, widow of J. Seward Johnson, Sr.
 * Leopold Stanisław Kronenberg, banker
 * Stanisław Kronenberg, financier
 * Jerzy Franciszek Kulczycki, merchant, spy, opened first Coffeehouse in Vienna (1683)
 * Dominika Kulczyk, businesswoman
 * Grażyna Kulczyk, businesswoman, philanthropist, art collector
 * Jan Kulczyk, CEO of Kulczyk Investments, richest 21st-century Pole
 * Sebastian Kulczyk, businessman
 * Michał Łempicki, mining engineer, entrepreneur, deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Empire
 * Henry Lowenfeld, theatrical impresario and brewing entrepreneur
 * Tomasz Lubienski, early industrialist co-founder, with his brothers, of Zyrardow textile industry
 * Henryk Łubieński, banker, lawyer, industrial pioneer and Russian exile (1848)
 * Zofia Lubomirska, textile entrepreneur in Przeworsk
 * Michael Marks, co-founder of Marks and Spencer retail chain
 * Dariusz Miłek, businessman and entrepreneur, founder of CCC SA.
 * Henryk Orfinger, cosmetics entrepreneur
 * Samuel Orgelbrand, editor
 * Antoni Patek, co-founder of watchmakers Patek Philippe & Co.
 * Antoni Protazy Potocki, banker and industrialist who developed Odesa into an international port (1780s)
 * Izrael Poznański, textile magnate, philanthropist
 * Helena Rubinstein, cosmetics entrepreneur, one of the richest women who ever lived
 * Karol Scheibler, textile magnate
 * Feliks Sobański, landowner and philanthropist
 * Zygmunt Solorz-Żak, businessman and media tycoon, owner of Polsat and Plus
 * Michał Sołowow, businessman and rally dirver
 * Piotr Steinkeller, industrial pioneer, King of Zinc
 * Henri Strzelecki, founder of Henri Lloyd, Ltd., sportswear manufacturer
 * Piotr Szulczewski, businessman and computer scientist, co-founder of e-commerce platform Wish.com
 * Stefan Tyszkiewicz, founder of Stetysz early Polish car manufacturer
 * Hyppolite Wawelberg, Polish-Jewish banker and philanthropist
 * Karol Wedel, Chocolatier, confectioner
 * Antoni Weynerowski, founder in Bydgoszcz of the firm Leo, renamed Kobra
 * Louis Wolowski, financier co-founder of Credit Foncier de France
 * Andrzej Artur Zamoyski, initiated river transportation

Politics

 * Tomasz Arciszewski, first Prime Minister of Poland in exile (1944–1947)
 * Kazimierz Feliks Badeni, count, Minister-President of Austria (1895–1897)
 * Menachem Begin, (Mieczysław Biegun), militant Zionist, prime minister of Israel
 * David Ben-Gurion, Zionist leader and first Prime Minister of Israel (1886–1973)
 * Marek Belka, former director of economic policy in the interim coalition administration of Iraq, Prime Minister of Poland (2004–2005)
 * Bolesław Bierut, leader of communist Poland (1948–1956)
 * Michał Bobrzyński, Governor of Galicia (1908–1913)
 * Anna Borucka-Cieślewicz (born 1941), elected to the Sejm in 2005
 * Zbigniew Brzeziński (1928–2017), political scientist, advisor to US President Jimmy Carter
 * Matheus Butrymowicz, liberal member of the Great Sejm assembled in Warsaw (1788–1792)
 * Jerzy Buzek, Prime Minister of Poland (1997–2001), President of the European Parliament (2009–2012)
 * Alexandre Colonna-Walewski (1810–68), Polish and French politician and diplomat; French Foreign Minister under Napoleon III.
 * Józef Cyrankiewicz, Prime Minister of communistic Poland (1947–1952 and 1954–1970)
 * Adam Jerzy Czartoryski, prince, statesman, Prime Minister (1830–1831)
 * Ignacy Daszyński, prime minister of the Provisional People's Government of the Republic of Poland (1918)
 * Jan Dekert, merchant, mayor of Warsaw (1789–1791)
 * Isaac Deutscher (1907–1967), writer, journalist, political activist
 * Heinrich Dietz, member of the Prussian parliament, philanthropist
 * Roman Dmowski (1864–1939), nationalist politician, statesman
 * Andrzej Duda, sixth President of the Third Polish Republic (since 2015)
 * Feliks Dzierżyński, founder of Soviet State Security under the original name Cheka
 * Edward Gierek, leader of communist Poland (1970–1980)
 * Maciej Golubiewski (born 1976), Polish political scientist and diplomat
 * Władysław Gomułka, leader of communist Poland (1956–1970)
 * Ludwik Gorzkowski (1811–1857), politician and revolutionary activist
 * Julian Gutowski, Mayor of Nowy Sącz (1867–1870)
 * Piotr Jaroszewicz, Prime Minister of communistic Poland (1970–1980)
 * Wojciech Jaruzelski, last leader of communist Poland (1981–1989), first President of the Third Polish Republic (1989–1990)
 * Wojciech Jastrzębowski (1799–1882) was a polymath who in 1831, after fighting in Poland's November 1830 Uprising, drafted the first constitution for his proposed European Union.
 * Ryszard Kaczorowski, sixth and last President of Poland in exile (1989–1990)
 * Jarosław Kaczyński, identical twin brother of Lech, leader of the Law and Justice party, Prime Minister of Poland (2006–2007)
 * Lech Kaczyński, fourth President (2005–2010) of Third Polish Republic, died in Smolensk air crash
 * Hugo Kołłątaj, co-author of Constitution of 3 May 1791
 * Bronisław Komorowski, fifth President of the Third Polish Republic (2010–2015)
 * Wojciech Korfanty, leader of Silesians during the Third Silesian uprising
 * Janusz Korwin-Mikke, free-market activist
 * Stanisław Kot, historian, politician, diplomat
 * Leon Kozłowski (1892–1944), archeologist; Prime Minister of Poland, 1934–35.
 * Jan Kucharzewski, first Prime Minister of Kingdom of Poland (1917–1918)
 * Jacek Kuroń, politician, social activist
 * Anna Kurska, judge, lawyer, and member of the Polish Senate
 * Aleksander Kwaśniewski, third President of the Third Polish Republic (1995–2005)
 * Andrzej Lepper, leader of Samoobrona and former Vice-PM
 * Herman Lieberman, lawyer and prominent Socialist politician
 * Feliks Lubienski, Minister of Justice who introduced the Code Napoleon, state archives and public libraries
 * Katarzyna Lubnauer, leader of Modern political party
 * Rosa Luxemburg, leading Marxist theoretician
 * Teofil Magdziński, political activist in Bydgoszcz, representative at the Reichstag
 * Julian Marchlewski, Soviet politician
 * Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz, Prime Minister of Poland (2005–2006)
 * Tadeusz Mazowiecki, politician, first Prime Minister of the Third Polish Republic (Poland)
 * Adam Michnik, influential journalist
 * Ludwik Mierosławski, insurgent, general, Paris communard
 * Stanisław Mieroszewski, member of the Imperial Council of Austria
 * Stanisław Mikołajczyk, Prime Minister of Poland (1943–1944), Agrarian Party politician
 * Karol Modzelewski, activist, politician and academic
 * Jędrzej Moraczewski, first Prime Minister of II RP (1918–1919)
 * Ignacy Mościcki, third President (1926–1939) of the Second Polish Republic
 * Walery Mroczkowski, the only Polish anarchist, friend of Mikhail Bakunin
 * Lewis Bernstein Namier, British politician and historian
 * Gabriel Narutowicz, first President of the Second Polish Republic (1922)
 * Józef Oleksy, Prime Minister of III RP (1995–1996), Speaker of the Sejm (1993–1995; 2004–2005)
 * Janusz Onyszkiewicz, Solidarność spokesman, mathematician, alpinist, Minister of Defence
 * Marian P. Opala, Justice of the Oklahoma Supreme Court
 * Stanisław Osiecki, Minister of Agriculture 1923, Minister of Trade & Industry (1925-6)
 * Jozef Maksymilian Ossolinski, Founder of Ossolineum, Poland's signal cultural patron
 * Stanisław Ostrowski, third President of Poland in exile (1972–1979)
 * Ignacy Paderewski, second Prime Minister of the Second Polish Republic (1919)
 * Longin Pastusiak, Marshal of the Senate (2001–2005)
 * Waldemar Pawlak, Prime Minister of Poland (1992 and 1993–1995)
 * Karolina Pawliczak (born 1976), lawyer and politician
 * Shimon Peres, President of Israel 2007–2014, Prime Minister of Israel (1984–1986; 1995–1996)
 * Teodoro Picado Michalski, Costa Rican president, Polish mother
 * Józef Piłsudski, statesman, politician and Marshal of Poland
 * Emilia Plater, revolutionary, independence leader
 * Władysław Broel-Plater, independence activist, founder of Polish Museum, Rapperswil
 * Alfred Józef Potocki, count, Minister-President of Austria (1870–1871)
 * Ignacy Potocki, co-author of Constitution of 3 May 1791
 * Adam Pragier, leading socialist deputy, exiled minister and writer
 * Władysław Raczkiewicz, first President of Poland in exile (1939–1947)
 * Edward Raczyński, fourth President of Poland in exile (1979–1986)
 * Antoni Radziwiłł, prince, the Duke-Governor of Grand Duchy of Posen (Poznań) (1815–1831)
 * Jozef Retinger, writer, adviser, grey eminence, founder of the Bilderberg conferences
 * Adam Ronikier, count, president of the Central Welfare Council (1916–1918; 1940–1943)
 * Kazimierz Sabbat, fifth President of Poland in exile (1986–1989)
 * Jacek Saryusz-Wolski, vice-president of European Parliament (2004–2007)
 * Władysław Sikorski, general, Prime Minister of Poland (1939–1943)
 * Radosław Sikorski, politician and former foreign minister (2007–2014)
 * Stefan Starzyński, President of Warsaw (1934–1939)
 * Władysław Studnicki, politician and publicist
 * Beata Szydło, Prime Minister of Poland, 2015–2017
 * Theodore de Korwin Szymanowski, conceptualised an economic union for Europe in 1885
 * Róża Thun, anticommunist activist, activist for European Union
 * Donald Tusk, chairman of Civic Platform; President of the European Council (2014–2019) and Prime Minister of Poland (2007–2014; 2023–)
 * Kazimierz Tyszka, Minister of Railways, 1923–25, in Władysław Grabski's government
 * Lech Wałęsa, trade unionist who started dismantling of the Soviet bloc, the Nobel Peace Prize in 1983, second President of the Third Polish Republic (1990–1995)
 * Ludwik Waryński, socialist activist in the 19th century
 * Wanda Wasilewska, communist activist during World War II
 * Edward Werner, born in Poland to parents of German origin; vice-Minister of Finance, and Polish diplomat during World War II
 * Alexander Wielopolski, count, Marquis of Gonzaga, statesman
 * Wincenty Witos, politician of the agrarian party
 * Stanisław Wojciechowski, second President of the Second Polish Republic (1922–1926)
 * Walery Antoni Wróblewski, politician, insurgency commander (1836–1908)
 * August Zaleski, second President of Poland in exile (1947–1972)
 * Jan Zamoyski, chancellor and grand hetman of the crown (1542–1605)

Diplomacy

 * Władysław Bartoszewski, foreign affairs minister of III RP (1995; 2000–2001)
 * Józef Beck, foreign affairs minister of II RP (1932–1939)
 * Alois Friedrich von Brühl, Polish-Saxon diplomat, starost of Warsaw
 * Matthew Bryza, American diplomat
 * Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz, foreign affairs minister of III RP (2001–2005)
 * Adam Jerzy Czartoryski, Polish diplomat; Russian Imperial foreign minister (1804–1806)
 * Władysław Czartoryski, prince, the main diplomatic agent of the National Government (1863–1864)
 * Roman Dmowski, foreign affairs minister of II RP (1923)
 * Bronisław Geremek, foreign affairs minister of III RP (1997–2000)
 * Agenor Maria Gołuchowski, count, foreign affairs minister of Austria-Hungary (1895–1906)
 * Krzysztof Grzymułtowski, diplomat and voivod of Poznań, author of the Eternal Peace Treaty with Russia (1686)
 * Stanisław Janikowski, diplomat in Rome, to Holy See (1927–1954)
 * Wacław Jędrzejewicz
 * Julian Klaczko, Polish diplomat
 * Stanisław Kot, historian, politician, diplomat. Polish ambassador to the Soviet Union (1941–1942), Italy (1945–1947).
 * Józef Lipski, Polish ambassador to Germany (1933–1939)
 * Juliusz Łukasiewicz, Polish ambassador to the Soviet Union (1934–1936) and France (1936–1939)
 * Ivan Maysky, diplomat
 * Stefan Meller, foreign affairs minister of III RP (2005–2006)
 * Lewis Bernstein Namier, British diplomat and historian
 * Andrzej Olechowski, foreign affairs minister of III RP (1993–1995)
 * Ignacy Paderewski, foreign affairs minister of II RP (1919) and third prime minister of Poland
 * Stanisław Patek, foreign affairs minister of II RP (1919–1920)
 * Edward Bernard Raczyński, count, Polish ambassador to the United Kingdom (1934–1945) and foreign affairs minister (1941–1943)
 * Adam Rapacki, foreign affairs minister of communist Poland (1956–1968)
 * Józef Retinger, advocate for a European Union
 * Tadeusz Romer, foreign affairs minister of the Polish Government in Exile (1943–1944)
 * Dariusz Rosati, foreign affairs minister of III RP (1995–1997)
 * Adam Daniel Rotfeld, foreign affairs minister of III RP (2005)
 * Radosław Sikorski, foreign affairs minister of III RP (2007–2014)
 * Konstanty Skirmunt, foreign affairs minister of II RP (1921–1922)
 * Aleksander Skrzyński, foreign affairs minister of II RP (1922–1923; 1924–1926)
 * Krzysztof Skubiszewski, first foreign affairs minister of III RP (1989–1993)
 * Romuald Spasowski, Polish ambassador to the United States (1955–1961; 1978–1981)
 * Jan Szembek, count, foreign affairs deputy secretary (1932–1939)
 * Yosef Tekoah (1925–1991), Israeli diplomat and President of the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
 * Andrey Vyshinsky, Soviet jurist and diplomat
 * Alexandre Joseph Count Colonna-Walewski, French foreign affairs minister
 * Leon Wasilewski, foreign affairs minister of II RP (1918–1919)
 * Bolesław Wieniawa-Długoszowski, general, Polish ambassador to Italy (1938–1940)
 * Sergey Yastrzhembsky, diplomat
 * August Zaleski, foreign affairs minister of II RP (1926–1932)
 * Maurycy Klemens Zamoyski, foreign affairs minister of II RP (1924)
 * Josef Zieleniec, Czech foreign affairs minister

Military

 * Władysław Anders, general, military commander during the Battle of Monte Cassino (1944)
 * Krzysztof Arciszewski, general of artillery of Holland (1639), and Poland (1646)
 * Józef Bem, military commander, commander-in-chief of Hungarian army (1849)
 * Janusz Bokszczanin, colonel, last chief of staff of the Home Army (1944–1945)
 * Jan Karol Chodkiewicz, military commander, victor of Kircholm (1605)
 * Józef Chyliński, resistance fighter
 * Michał Czajkowski (Sadok Pasha) (1804–1886), Polish commander-in-chief of an Ottoman Cossack brigade during the Crimean War (1853–1856)
 * Stefan Czarniecki, Field Crown Hetman of Poland (1665)
 * Jan Henryk Dąbrowski, general, military commander during the Napoleonic Wars
 * Jarosław Dąbrowski, military commander during the January 1863 Uprising and the Paris Commune (1871)
 * Henryk Dembiński, military commander in the November uprising and the Hungarian uprising of 1849
 * Bolesław Wieniawa-Długoszowski, general, ambassador, nominated President of Poland (1939)
 * Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki, general, military commander in the Greater Poland Uprising (1919)
 * Bolesław Bronisław Duch, World War II general
 * Jerzy Pajaczkowski-Dydynski (1894–2005), soldier in World War I and in the 1920–21 Polish-Soviet War; at his death, he was the oldest man in the United Kingdom (111 years old)
 * Emil August Fieldorf, general, last deputy commander-in-chief of the Home Army (1944–1945)
 * Wanda Gertz, major, soldier during World War I, Home Army commandant in World War II and in German POW camps
 * Józef Haller, politician, commander of the Polish Army in France during World War I
 * Stanisław Haller, general, murdered by the NKVD in the 1940 Katyn massacres
 * Stanisław Jan Jabłonowski, Grand Crown Hetman (1682/3–1702)
 * Jan Nowak-Jezioranski (1913–2005), journalist and World War II hero
 * Berek Joselewicz, Polish-Jewish colonel in the Kościuszko Uprising and in Napoleon's Polish Legions; commanded the first Jewish military formation in modern history
 * Mikołaj Kamieniecki, first Grand Crown Hetman of Poland (1503–1515)
 * Werner Kampe, SS Hauptsturmführer war criminal, Kreisleiter of the NSDAP, Mayor of Bydgoszcz
 * Michał Karaszewicz-Tokarzewski, general, founder of the resistance movement "Polish Victory Service" (27 September 1939)
 * Kazimierz J. Kasperek, most decorated Polish Navy officer of World War II
 * Wanda Józefa Maria Kirchmayer, second lieutenant of the Polish Secret Military Organization (1940–1944)
 * Tadeusz Klimecki, general, the Chief of the General staff of the Polish Army (1941–1943)
 * Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski, general, commander-in-chief of the Home Army (1943–1944), during Warsaw Uprising (1944)
 * Stanisław Koniecpolski, Grand Crown Hetman (1632–1646)
 * Stanisław Kopański, general, the Chief of the General staff of the Polish Army (1943–1946)
 * Tadeusz Kościuszko, Polish and American commander, general and revolutionist
 * Jan Kozietulski, colonel, commander during the Napoleonic Wars
 * Włodzimierz Krzyżanowski, Polish Union general in the American Civil War; Chopin's first cousin
 * Marian Kukiel, World War II general, historian
 * Franciszek Latinik, general, military governor of Warsaw during the 1920 Battle of Warsaw
 * Aleksander Lisowski, commander of 17th-century Lisowczycy
 * Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, Prince, Field Crown Hetman (1657–1664), victor at the Battle of Chudniv (Cudnów) (1660)
 * Walenty Łukawski, captain in the Bar Confederation, abductor of King Stanisław August Poniatowski
 * Stanisław Maczek (1892–1994), commander of the Polish Armored Division; after World War II, commander-in-chief of Polish forces in exile
 * Bernard Mond, Polish–Jewish general
 * Mieczysław Norwid-Neugebauer, general and minister of Polish–Jewish family
 * Leopold Okulicki, general, last commander-in-chief of the Home Army (1944–1945)
 * Juliusz Konstanty Ordon, officer in the November uprising (1830–1831)
 * Tadeusz Pełczyński, chief of staff of the Home Army (ZWZ / AK) (1941–1944)
 * Józef Piłsudski, statesman, interwar Marshal of Poland
 * Emilia Plater, countess, heroine of the November 1830 Uprising
 * Józef Poniatowski, prince, Polish general and marshal of France
 * Kazimierz Pułaski (Casimir Pulaski), Polish and American military commander
 * Konstantin Rokossovsky, Marshal of the Soviet Union during WWII
 * Stefan Rowecki, general, military commander, commander-in-chief of the Armed Resistance (ZWZ) (1940–1942) and Home Army (1942–1943)
 * Tadeusz Jordan-Rozwadowski, general, Chief of Staff during the Battle of Warsaw
 * Edward Rydz-Śmigły, marshal, military commander, successful in the Polish-Soviet War, C-in-C of the Polish Army in the September 1939 Campaign
 * Yitzhak Sadeh (born Isaac Landsberg; 1890–1952), a founder of the Israel Defense Forces
 * Danuta Siedzikówna (1928–1946), medical orderly in Polish Army
 * Władysław Sikorski, general, commander-in-chief of the Polish Armed Forces and Prime Minister of Poland (1939–1943)
 * Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski (1885–1962), general, physician and 28th Prime Minister of Poland (1936–1939)
 * Piotr Skuratowicz, general of the Polish Army, was murdered by the NKVD in the Katyn massacre
 * Stanisław Sosabowski, commander of the Polish 1st Independent Parachute Brigade, which saw action at the Battle of Arnhem during Operation Market Garden (1944)
 * Kazimierz Sosnkowski, general, Commander-in-Chief of Polish Armed Forces (1943–1944)
 * Adam Sowa, former deputy chief executive of the European Defence Agency
 * Józef Sowiński, general, hero of the November uprising (1830–1831)
 * Zygmunt Szendzielarz ("Łupaszko")
 * Ignacy Szymanski, veteran of November 1830 Uprising and American Civil War (on the Confederate side)
 * Jerzy Świrski (1882–1959), vice admiral in the Polish navy under British command during World War II
 * Jan Tarnowski, Grand Crown Hetman (1527–1561), victor of Obertyn (1531)
 * Jozef Unrug (1884–1973), German-born vice-admiral in Polish navy, imprisoned in Colditz Castle during WWII
 * Maria Wittek (1899–1997), brigadier general, head of Women's Auxiliary Military Service (1928–1949)
 * Wojtek Perski (1942–1963), a Persian bear, World War II Polish II Corps enlisted soldier
 * Stefania Wojtulanis-Karpińska (1912–2005), Captain in the Polish Air Force, pilot in Air Transport Auxiliary during Second World War, where known as Barbara Wojtulanis
 * Piotr Wysocki, led the November Uprising (1830)
 * Aleksandra Zagórska, lieutenant colonel, independence activist and organiser of women's military squads (1917–1921)
 * Kordian Józef Zamorski, general; chief of the Polish state police (1935–1939)
 * Jan Zamoyski, Great Chancellor of Poland (1578–1605) and Grand Crown Hetman (1581–1605)
 * Władysław Stanisław Zamoyski, general in the Crimean War, diplomat (1803–1868)
 * Elżbieta Zawacka, general; the only woman among the Silent Unseen
 * Stanisław Żółkiewski, chancellor of Poland, military commander, conqueror of Moscow (1610), Grand Crown Hetman (1613–1620)
 * Janusz Żurakowski, World War II fighter pilot and Avro Arrow test pilot

Intelligence

 * Feliks Ankerstein, interwar covert-operations officer and deputy to Edmund Charaszkiewicz in Office 2 of the General Staff's Section II (Intelligence)
 * Edmund Charaszkiewicz, interwar covert-operations officer and coordinator of Józef Piłsudski's Promethean project to dismember the Soviet Union
 * Maksymilian Ciężki, chief of the Polish Cipher Bureau's German section (BS–4), which from 1932 decrypted German Enigma ciphers, paving the way for Britain's World War II Ultra secret
 * Roman Czerniawski, Polish Air Force captain and British Double Cross System agent
 * Marian Drobik, Home Army (AK) colonel, chief of the General Staff's Section II (intelligence) (1942–1943)
 * Wiktor Tomir Drymmer, close collaborator of Foreign Minister Józef Beck, and chief of the secret prewar K-7 organization that supervised certain Polish covert operations
 * Józef Englicht, prewar deputy chief of the Polish General Staff's Section II
 * Michael Goleniewski, Cold War Polish, Soviet, and American-CIA agent
 * Jan Karski, emissary who confirmed the reality of the Holocaust to Western Allies
 * Bolesław Kontrym, Polish agent, Red Army combrig, Polish Army major
 * Jan Kowalewski, engineer, intelligence officer and cryptologist, one of many who broke Soviet ciphers during the Polish-Soviet War of 1919–1921
 * Andrzej Kowerski, Polish Army officer and World War II British SOE agent; colleague of Krystyna Skarbek
 * Ryszard Kukliński, Polish Army colonel, Cold War CIA master spy
 * Jerzy Franciszek Kulczycki, Polish spy at the Battle of Vienna (1683); founder of Vienna's first coffee house, which offered coffee produced from coffee beans captured from the Turks
 * Gwido Langer, head of Poland's Cipher Bureau, which from 1932 broke Germany's military Enigma ciphers
 * Kazimierz Leski, engineer, fighter pilot, World War II "Musketeers" and Home Army intelligence officer
 * Stefan Mayer, prewar Section II intelligence officer who supervised the General Staff's Cipher Bureau
 * Jerzy Pawłowski, Olympic gold-medalist fencer and Cold-War double agent
 * Tadeusz Pełczyński, general, chief of the General Staff's Section II (1929–1932; 1935–January 1938)
 * Sergiusz Piasecki, Polish agent, covering the area of Soviet Belarus (1922–1926)
 * Marcel Reich-Ranicki, Polish consul-general and intelligence agent in London (1948–1949); the most influential contemporary critic of German literature
 * Tadeusz Schaetzel, intelligence officer, chief of the General Staff's Section II (1926–1929)
 * Krystyna Skarbek, aka Christine Granville, World War II British SOE agent
 * Mieczysław Zygfryd Słowikowski (Rygor-Słowikowski), Polish Army intelligence officer whose work in North Africa facilitated Allied preparations for the 1942 Operation Torch landings
 * Jerzy Sosnowski, major, Polish spy in Germany (1926–1934) as Georg von Sosnowski, Ritter von Nalecz
 * Antoni Szymański, Polish military attaché in Berlin (1932–1939)
 * Halina Szymańska, World War II British intelligence agent; wife of Antoni Szymański
 * Jan Włodarkiewicz, lieutenant colonel, the first commander of Wachlarz
 * Marian Zacharski, Cold-War Polish intelligence agent convicted of espionage against the United States

Holocaust resistance

 * Irena Adamowicz
 * Mordechaj Anielewicz, Warsaw Ghetto uprising
 * Dawid Apfelbaum, Warsaw Ghetto uprising
 * Władysław Bartoszewski
 * Adolf Berman
 * Anna Borkowska (Sister Bertranda)
 * Icchak Cukierman
 * Gusta Dawidson Draenger
 * Marek Edelman
 * Leon Feldhendler (1910–1945)
 * Izrael Kanal
 * Yitzhak Gitterman
 * Bernard Goldstein
 * Haika Grossman
 * Irena Gut
 * Kazimierz Iranek-Osmecki, Polish Army officer, Home Army officer, historian of aid given to Jews in World War II by the Polish Underground State and by ordinary Polish civilians
 * Henryk Iwański
 * Jan Karski
 * Juliusz Kühl
 * Michał Klepfisz
 * Zofia Kossak-Szczucka, co-founder of Żegota
 * Wanda Krahelska-Filipowicz, co-founder of Żegota
 * Countess Karolina Lanckorońska
 * Zivia Lubetkin
 * Aleksander Ładoś, Polish de facto Ambassador to Switzerland
 * Edward Mosberg (1926–2022), Polish-American Holocaust survivor, educator, and philanthropist
 * Maurycy Orzech
 * Witold Pilecki
 * Konstanty Rokicki, Polish consul in Bern who forged Paraguayan passports to rescue Jews
 * Tadeusz Romer, Polish ambassador to Japan and in Shanghai Ghetto
 * Stefan Ryniewicz, Polish diplomat
 * Irena Sendler, saved nearly 2,500 Jewish children in World War II
 * Henryk Sławik, "Polish Schindler", diplomat in Hungary
 * Leopold Socha, another "Polish Schindler"
 * Simon Wiesenthal, Nazi hunter
 * Józef and Wiktoria Ulma
 * Henryk Woliński
 * Lidia Zamenhof
 * Szmul Zygielbojm
 * Jan and Antonina Żabiński

Religion

 * Yitzchak Meir Alter, Rebbe founder of the Ger Hasidic dynasty
 * Andrzej Alojzy Ankwicz, Roman Catholic archbishop of Lwów (1815–33) and archbishop of Prague (1833–1838)
 * Baal Shem Tov (Yisroel ben Eliezer, 1698–1760), rabbi and founder of Hasidic Judaism
 * Blessed Jan Beyzym (1850–1912), Jesuit missionary among lepers in Madagascar
 * St. Józef Bilczewski, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Lwów, 1900–1923
 * St. Andrew Bobola, Jesuit
 * St. Evan Yurewicz, Catholic, missionary
 * Tadeusz Brzozowski, elected first Jesuit Superior General after the restoration of the Society of Jesus
 * Szymon Budny, Polish-Belarusian humanist and Arian priest
 * Juliusz Bursche, Polish Lutheran bishop killed by the Germans at Sachsenhausen concentration camp
 * St. Casimir Jagiellon, grandson of King Władysław II Jagiełło
 * St. Adam (Albert) Chmielowski (Albertine order)
 * Bl. August Czartoryski, Prince
 * Edmund Dalbor, Primate of Poland, Cardinal, 1915–1926
 * Albin Dunajewski, Bishop of Kraków, Cardinal, 1879–1894
 * Stanisław Dziwisz, Archbishop of Kraków, since 2005, Cardinal
 * St. Zygmunt Szczesny Felinski, founder of the Franciscan Sisters of the Family of Mary, Archbishop of Warsaw (1862), exiled and Titular Archbishop of Tarsus (1882)
 * Antoni Melchior Fijałkowski, Archbishop of Warsaw, 1856–1861
 * Jacob Frank, Jewish messianic leader who combined Judaism and Christianity
 * Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski, vicar, humanist, and theologian
 * Piotr Gamrat, Primate of Poland, 1541–1545
 * Józef Gawlina, military bishop, Divisional general, theologian, archbishop
 * Józef Glemp, Primate of Poland, 1981–2006
 * Adam Stanisław Grabowski, Prince-Bishop of Warmia
 * Michał Heller, physicist and philosopher, Templeton Prize laureate
 * August Hlond, Primate of Poland, 1926–1948, Cardinal
 * Stanislaus Hosius, legate to Poland, Cardinal and Prince-Bishop of Warmia
 * St. Hyacinth, Dominican
 * St. Jadwiga, Queen of Poland, 1384–1399
 * Henryk Jankowski, Prelate, Chaplain of "Solidarność"
 * Marian Jaworski, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Lviv, 1991–2008, Cardinal
 * Aleksander Kakowski, Archbishop of Warsaw, Cardinal
 * St. Raphael Kalinowski, Carmelite
 * St. Jan Kanty, professor at Kraków University
 * Stanisław Karnkowski, Primate of Poland, 1581–1603; Interrex, 1586–1587
 * St. Stanisław Kazimierczyk, priest and preacher
 * Chaim Kreiswirth, Chief Rabbi of Congregation Machzikei Hadass Antwerp, founder and rosh yeshiva of the Mercaz HaTorah yeshiva in Jerusalem
 * St. Maksymilian Maria Kolbe, Franciscan martyr, Auschwitz 1941
 * Hugo Kołłątaj, priest, statesman
 * Bolesław Kominek, Archbishop of Wrocław, 1972–1974, Cardinal
 * St. Stanisław Kostka, Jesuit
 * St. Faustina Kowalska, Sisters of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy
 * Maria Michał Kowalski, Archbishop of the Catholic Church of the Mariavites, introduced women clergy in 1929
 * Adam Kozłowiecki, Jesuit, Archbishop of Lusaka, Cardinal
 * Feliksa Kozłowska, inspiration of the Mariavite Church
 * Ignacy Krasicki, Primate of Poland
 * Adam Stanisław Krasiński, Bishop of Kamieniec Podolski, 1757–1798
 * John Krol, Archbishop of Philadelphia, Cardinal, 1961–1988
 * Mieczysław Halka Ledóchowski, Primate of Poland, 1866–1886, Cardinal
 * Mary Theresa Ledóchowska, missionary, founder of the Missionary Sisters of St. Peter Claver
 * Saint Ursula Ledóchowska, religious, founder of the Congregation of the Ursulines of the Agonizing Heart of Jesus
 * Włodzimierz Halka Ledóchowski, Superior General of the Society of Jesus (1915–1942)
 * Jan Łaski (1456–1531), Primate of Poland, 1510–1531
 * Jan Łaski (1499–1560), Protestant reformer; nephew of the Primate
 * Władysław Aleksander Łubieński, Archbishop of Lwów, Primate of Poland, 1759–1767; Interrex, 1763–1764
 * Franciszek Macharski, Archbishop of Kraków, 1978–2005, Cardinal
 * Ryszard Markwart, catholic priest and national activist
 * Tomasz Miśkiewicz, mufti of Polish Muslims pl:Muzułmański Związek Religijny and Imam of Białystok
 * Mieczysław Mokrzycki, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Lviv, since 2008
 * Mikołaj Stanisław Oborski (1576–1646), Jesuit
 * Zbigniew Oleśnicki, Bishop of Kraków, 1423–1455; first Cardinal of Polish origin, from 1449; statesman
 * Zbigniew Oleśnicki, nephew of Zbigniew Oleśnicki; Cardinal Primate of Poland, 1481–1493
 * Edward O'Rourke, bishop of Gdańsk
 * Piotr of Goniądz, spiritual leader of the Polish Brethren
 * Jerzy Popiełuszko, Catholic priest and dissident assassinated by the Polish security service in 1984, martyr of the Church
 * Walenty Potocki (died 1749), Count; converted to Judaism as Avrohom ben Avrohom, the Ger Tzedek of Vilna
 * Tadeusz Puder (1908–1945), Polish Roman Catholic priest of Jewish origin
 * Jan Puzyna, Bishop of Kraków, 1895–1911, Cardinal
 * Jerzy Radziwiłł, Bishop of Kraków, Cardinal, 1591–1600
 * Sholom Rokeach, the first Belzer Rebbe, 1817–1855
 * Tadeusz Rydzyk, Redemptorist, broadcast radio controller
 * Czeslaw Sokolowski, Roman Catholic priest, theologian, university rector
 * St. Stanisław of Szczepanów, Bishop of Kraków, martyr 1079
 * Adam Stefan Sapieha, Bishop/Archbishop of Kraków, Cardinal, 1911–1951
 * Franciszka Siedliska, religious, founder of Congregation of the Holy Family of Nazareth
 * Piotr Skarga, Jesuit preacher
 * Kajetan Sołtyk, Bishop of Kyiv, 1756–59; Bishop of Kraków, 1759–1788
 * Boruch Steinberg, the first Rabbi and an officer of the Polish Army before and during World War II
 * Kazimierz Świątek, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Minsk-Mohilev; Apostolic Administrator of Pinsk, Cardinal
 * Edmund Szoka, Catholic Archbishop of Detroit, Cardinal 1981–1990
 * Jakub Szynkiewicz (1884–1966), Imam of Poland, translated portions of Qur'an into Polish
 * Jozef Teodorowicz, last Armenian Catholic Archbishop of Lwow (1864–1938)
 * Hipolit Terlecki, theologian
 * Józef Tischner, priest, philosopher and first chaplain of the trade union, Solidarity
 * Andrzej Towiański, philosopher and 19th century messianist
 * Mikołaj Trąba, Archbishop of Gniezno, first Primate of Poland, 1418–1422
 * Jakub Uchański, Primate of Poland, 1562–1581; Interrex, 1572–73 and 1574–1575
 * Vilna Gaon (1720–1797), non-Hassidic Jewish leader, the "saintly genius from Vilnius"
 * Piotr Wawrzyniak, priest, economist and activist (1849–1910)
 * Chaim Elozor Wax (1822–1887), rabbi
 * Karol Józef Wojtyła, Auxiliary Bishop of Kraków 1958–1963, Archbishop of Kraków 1963–1978, Pope John Paul II 1978–2005
 * Stefan Wyszyński, Primate of Poland, Cardinal, 1948–1981
 * Lawrence Wnuk, Protonotary apostolic, decorated Polish Canadian, (1908–2006)
 * Schneur Zalman, first Hasidic Rebbe of Chabad (1745–1810)

Royalty

 * Mieszko I, first Duke of Poland
 * Doubravka of Bohemia, first Duchess of Poland
 * Świętosława (Gunhild), daughter of Mieszko I of Poland, mother of Canute the Great, King of England, Denmark and Norway
 * Bolesław I the Brave, first King of Poland
 * Mieszko II Lambert, second King of Poland
 * Richeza of Lotharingia, queen of Poland
 * Casimir I the Restorer, duke of Poland
 * Bolesław II the Bold, third King of Poland
 * Władysław I Herman, duke of Poland
 * Bolesław III Wrymouth, duke of Poland
 * Mieszko III the Old, duke of Greater Poland, Senior Duke of Poland
 * Casimir II the Just, duke of Cracow, Senior Duke of Poland
 * Leszek I the White, duke of Cracow, Senior Duke of Poland
 * Henry I the Bearded, duke of Silesia, Senior Duke of Poland
 * Konrad I of Masovia, duke of Mazovia and Kuyavia
 * Henry II the Pious, senior duke of Poland, commander of Polish forces in the Battle of Legnica (1241)
 * Przemysł II, King of Poland
 * Władysław I the Elbow-high, king of Poland
 * Louis I of Hungary, king of Poland
 * Elizabeth of Poland, Queen of Hungary, Regent in Poland
 * Casimir III the Great, Piast Dynasty last King of Poland
 * Jadwiga of Poland, first female monarch of Poland
 * Władysław II Jagiełło, Lithuanian, king of Poland, victor at the Battle of Grunwald (1410)
 * Władysław III of Varna (Ulászló I), king of Poland and Hungary, killed at the Battle of Varna (1444)
 * Casimir IV Jagiellon, king of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, victor in the Thirteen Years' War (1454–1466)
 * John I Albert, king of Poland
 * Alexander Jagiellon, grand duke of Lithuania and king of Poland
 * Sigismund I the Old, king of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania
 * Roxelana (Khourrem, wife of Suleiman the Magnificent)
 * Barbara Radziwiłłówna, consort of Sigismund II August
 * Bona Sforza, Queen consort of Poland
 * Sigismund II Augustus, last Jagiellon king of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
 * Anna Jagiellon, reigned together with her husband Stephen Báthory
 * Henry III of France, king of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
 * Stephen Báthory, Hungarian-born king of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
 * Sigismund III Vasa, king of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and king of Sweden
 * Władysław IV Vasa, elected Tsar of Russia, king of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
 * Marie Louise Gonzaga, Queen of Poland, Grand Duchess of Lithuania
 * John II Casimir Vasa, king of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, victor at the Battle of Beresteczko (1651)
 * John III Sobieski, king of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, victor at the Battle of Vienna (1683)
 * Maria Clementina Sobieska, queen of France, England, Scotland and Ireland
 * Michael I, king of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
 * Stanisław Leszczyński, king of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Duke of Lorraine
 * Marie Leszczyńska, Queen consort of France
 * Catherine Opalińska, queen of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Duchess of Lorraine
 * Maria Leszczyńska, consort of Louis XV, king of France
 * Augustus II the Strong, king of Poland, Elector of Saxony
 * Augustus III of Poland, king of Poland, Elector of Saxony
 * Maria Amalia of Saxony, consort of Charles III, king of Spain
 * Stanisław August Poniatowski, last king of the Poland, co-author of the Constitution of 3 May 1791
 * Princess Maria Christina of Saxony (1770–1851), Princess Carignano House of Savoy

Assassins

 * Leon Czolgosz, assassin of American President William McKinley
 * Ignacy Hryniewiecki, assassin of Tsar Alexander II of Russia
 * Eligiusz Niewiadomski, modernist painter, art critic, assassin of Polish President Gabriel Narutowicz
 * Janusz Waluś, assassin of Chris Hani

Miscellany

 * George Adamski, controversial ufologist
 * Krystyna Chojnowska-Liskiewicz, sailor
 * Franciszek Czapek, watchmaker
 * Aleksander Doba, explorer who holds the record for the longest open-water kayak voyage ever made
 * Michał Drzymała, resistance hero
 * Piotr Gawryś, contract bridge champion
 * Wincenty Gostkowski, watchmaker
 * Halina Grabowski, war hero
 * Barbara Hulanicki, fashion designer, founder of Biba
 * Piotr Iwanicki, wheelchair dancing world champion
 * Alicja Iwańska, resistance movement and anti-communist activist
 * Marek Kamiński, adventure traveler
 * Rutka Laskier, diarist, killed during the World War II Holocaust
 * Piotr Naszarkowski, engraver
 * Stefan Ossowiecki, psychic
 * Stanisław Pietkiewicz, cartographer and geographer
 * Feliks Rajmund Podkóliński, physician, soldier
 * Ludwik Rajchman, bacteriologist, founder of UNICEF
 * Czesław Słania, postage stamp and banknote engraver
 * Renia Spiegel, diarist, killed during the World War II Holocaust, known as "the Polish Anne Frank"
 * Stanisława Tomczyk, spiritualist medium, early 20th century
 * Wilfrid Michael Voynich, bibliophile, eponym of the mysterious Voynich Manuscript
 * Warren Winiarski, California winemaker
 * Kuba Wojewódzki, journalist, television personality, drummer, comedian, and columnist
 * Marie Elizabeth Zakrzewska, physician, pioneering female doctor in the United States
 * Maciej Zien, fashion designer

Legendary persons

 * Krakus, legendary prince and founder of Kraków
 * Lech, legendary founder of the Polish nation
 * Piast the Wheelwright (Piast Kołodziej), semi-legendary figure in prehistoric Poland (9th century); founder of the Piast dynasty
 * Popiel, semi-legendary 9th-century ruler of the western Polans; last of the Popielids
 * Lajkonik, a Kraków half-man-half-horse figure representing a Mongol invader, with his own festival after the feast of Corpus Christi
 * Our Lady of Częstochowa (known also as "the Black Madonna"), foremost of Polish religious icons
 * Abraham Prochownik, legendary Jewish figure, said to have been named prince of the western Polans after the death of Popiel in 842
 * Sarmatians, ancient proto-Persian tribe that fed the idea of Sarmatism during the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
 * John Scolvus, semi-legendary sailor of the late 15th century
 * Syrenka warszawska, legendary fresh-water mermaid said to have been rescued by Vistula fishermen. Iconic symbol of Warsaw
 * Pan Twardowski, semi-legendary Faust-like sorcerer; in Polish legend, the first man on the Moon (in the 16th century)
 * Janek Wiśniewski, freedom fighter; hero of 1970 Gdynia riots

Fictional characters

 * Matteusz Andrzejewski, played by Jordan Renzo, a character in Class, a British science fiction drama programme, and a spin-off of the long-running programme Doctor Who
 * Captain William Joseph B.J. Blazkowicz in Wolfenstein 3D
 * Ernst Stavro Blofeld, a villain from the James Bond series of novels and films, created by Ian Fleming
 * Bolek i Lolek, cartoon characters from a Polish children's TV animated comedy series
 * Baba Jaga, Polish version of the forest-dwelling sorceress
 * Waldemar Daninsky, wolfman in La Marca del Hombre Lobo
 * Nicodemus Dyzma, in Tadeusz Dołęga-Mostowicz's novel The Career of Nicodemus Dyzma
 * Jacob Jankowski, a character played by Robert Pattinson in a 2011 American romantic drama film  Water for Elephants
 * Marcin Jerek, Polish-born British professor and former CIA interrogator, in the TV series NCIS, played by W. Morgan Sheppard
 * Dr. Judym, in Stefan Żeromski's novel Homeless People
 * Kajko i Kokosz
 * Florentyna Kane in The Prodigal Daughter and Shall We Tell the President?
 * Commander Keen, grandson of B.J. Blazkowicz
 * Hans Kloss (Captain Kloss), World War II secret agent in the Polish TV serial Stake larger than life
 * Kordian
 * Funky Koval, space detective
 * Sugar "Kane" Kowalczyk, a singer of Polish descent played by Marilyn Monroe in Billy Wilder's 1959 romantic comedy film Some Like It Hot
 * Kowalski, a penguin in the children's film Madagascar
 * Stanley Kowalski, in Tennessee Williams' play A Streetcar Named Desire
 * Detective Stanley Kowalski, Polish-American Chicago policeman in the 1990s Canadian television series Due South
 * Walt Kowalski, Polish-American Korean War veteran and retired Ford worker, in Clint Eastwood's 2008 film Gran Torino
 * Lucyna "Lucy" Kushinada, a netrunner of mixed Polish and Japanese descent in Cyberpunk: Edgerunners
 * Ligia, heroine of Sienkiewicz's novel, Quo Vadis?
 * Man of Iron, symbol of Solidarity and title of Wajda's film
 * Koziołek Matołek, like the bear and the horse, the goat is part of Polish folklore, here in Kornel Makuszyński's rendition
 * Mike Nomad (with Steve Roper), an American adventure comic strip (1936–2004)
 * Count Olenski, estranged husband of Ellen Olenska in Edith Wharton's novel The Age of Innocence (1920)
 * Pan Tadeusz, poetic distillation of Polish patriotism and nostalgia
 * Roland "Prez" Pryzbylewski, in HBO's The Wire, went from police officer to school teacher
 * Officer Eddie Pulaski in Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas
 * Stefan "Steve" Radecki, a character played by Anton Walbrook in 1941 British war film Dangerous Moonlight
 * Abel Rosnovski in Kane and Abel
 * Pan Samochodzik, adventurer created by Zbigniew Nienacki
 * Paweł i Gaweł, humorous morality tale about neighbour relations, a favourite children's poem
 * Sasquatch (Dr. Walter Langkowski), Marvel superhero
 * Sierotka Marysia, archetypal abandoned girl, "Little orphan Mary", living with dwarves
 * Walter Sobchak, the "Polish Catholic" in the film The Big Lebowski
 * Silk Spectre I & II, superheroines in Watchmen
 * Stanislau, ace pilot in Blackhawk
 * Stanisław Tarkowski (Staś), protagonist of young-adult novel In Desert and Wilderness by Nobel laureate Henryk Sienkiewicz
 * Mieczysław Stilinski, also known as Stiles Stilinski, one of the main characters in American television series Teen Wolf broadcast on MTV and played by Dylan O'Brien
 * Michael Stivic, in All in the Family
 * Tadzio, a Polish boy (inspired by Władysław Moes) in Thomas Mann's novel Death in Venice as well as 1971 film adaptation of the same name by Luchino Visconti played by Björn Andrésen
 * Ijon Tichy, main protagonist in several works of Stanisław Lem such as The Star Diaries, The Futurological Congress, Peace on Earth and Observation on the Spot
 * Kasia Tomaszewski, played by Zofia Wichłacz, a character in World on Fire, a 2019 war drama miniseries broadcast on BBC One
 * Maciej Tomczyk ala Lech Wałęsa, in the 1981 film Man of Iron, directed by Andrzej Wajda
 * Pan Twardowski, a Faust-like figure of Polish legend, literature and film.
 * Tytus, Romek i A'Tomek, Polish comic book heroes
 * Miś Uszatek, cartoon character
 * Walter Koskiusko Waldowski, the "Painless Pole" in the film MASH
 * Konrad Wallenrod, in the narrative poem by Adam Mickiewicz
 * John Paul Wiggin (Jan Paweł Wieczorek) in the Ender's Game series
 * Stanisław Wokulski, protagonist of Bolesław Prus' novel The Doll
 * Stanley Thaddeus "Wojo" Wojciehowicz, played by Max Gail, in the American television sitcom Barney Miller
 * Wrocław's dwarfs, brass manikins that first appeared on the city's pavements in 2005
 * Piotr Zak, composer in a spoof BBC documentary
 * Sophie Zawistowski, played by Meryl Streep, in Sophie's Choice based on a novel by William Styron
 * Dominic Wajda

Models

 * Anna Anka (Anna Åberg, Anna Yeager), born in Poland
 * Małgosia Bela, born in Kraków
 * Magdalena Frąckowiak, born in Gdańsk
 * Monika Jagaciak, born in Poznań
 * Anna Jagodzińska, born in Sierpc
 * Joanna Krupa, born in Warsaw
 * Anja Rubik, born in Rzeszów
 * Izabella Scorupco, born in Białystok
 * Ewa Sonnet, born in Rybnik, glamour model
 * Sasha Strunin, born in Saint Petersburg
 * Kasia Struss, born in Ciechanów
 * Francys Sudnicka, born in Valencia, Venezuela
 * Karolina Wydra, born in Opole
 * Iga Wyrwał, born in Kalisz

Athletics
thrower
 * Andrzej Badeński, sprinter
 * Iga Baumgart-Witan, sprinter
 * Konrad Bukowiecki, shot putter
 * Lidia Chojecka, athlete
 * Jerzy Chromik, athlete
 * Teresa Ciepły, sprinter
 * Sofia Ennaoui, middle-distance runner
 * Paweł Fajdek, hammer thrower
 * Marian Foik, sprinter
 * Wioletta Frankiewicz, steeplechaser
 * Halina Górecka, sprinter
 * Piotr Haczek, sprinter
 * Michał Haratyk, shot putter
 * Zdzisław Hoffmann, triple jumper
 * Barbara Janiszewska, sprinter
 * Michel Jazy, athlete
 * Ilana Karaszyk, Israeli Olympic runner and long jumper
 * Ewa Kłobukowska, sprinter
 * Władysław Komar, shot putter
 * Halina Konopacka, discus thrower
 * Robert Korzeniowski, racewalker
 * Władysław Kozakiewicz, pole vaulter
 * Łukasz Krawczuk, athlete
 * Elżbieta Krzesińska, long jumper
 * Jakub Krzewina, sprinter
 * Zdzisław Krzyszkowiak, athlete
 * Wacław Kuchar, athlete
 * Janusz Kusociński, athlete
 * Maria Kwaśniewska, javelin thrower
 * Adam Kszczot, athlete
 * Marcin Lewandowski, athlete
 * Tomasz Majewski, shot putter
 * Piotr Małachowski, discus thrower
 * Wiesław Maniak, sprinter
 * Bronisław Malinowski, athlete
 * Robert Maćkowiak, sprinter
 * Tamara Metal, Israeli Olympic high jumper and long jumper, and captain of the Israel women's national basketball team
 * Aleksandra Mirosław, speed climber
 * Józef Noji, athlete
 * Rafał Omelko, athlete
 * Wanda Panfil, athlete
 * Artur Partyka, high jumper
 * Edmund Piątkowski, discus thrower
 * Marek Plawgo, athlete
 * Myer Prinstein, long-jumper
 * Monika Pyrek, pole vaulter
 * Teresa Remiszewska, ocean sailor
 * Anna Rogowska, pole vaulter
 * Tadeusz Rut, hammer thrower
 * Piotr Rysiukiewicz, sprinter
 * Edward Sarul, shot putter
 * Janusz Sidło, javelin thrower
 * Kamila Skolimowska, hammer thrower
 * Irena Szewińska, sprinter
 * Józef Szmidt, triple jumper
 * Ewa Swoboda, sprinter
 * Tadeusz Ślusarski, pole vaulter
 * Justyna Święty-Ersetic, sprinter
 * Marcin Urbaś, sprinter
 * Jadwiga Wajs, discus thrower
 * Stanisława Walasiewicz, sprinter
 * Jan Werner, sprinter
 * Anita Włodarczyk, hammer thrower
 * Paweł Wojciechowski, pole vaulter
 * Marian Woronin, sprinter
 * Jacek Wszoła, high jumper
 * Karol Zalewski, athlete
 * Kazimierz Zimny, athlete
 * Szymon Ziółkowski, hammer
 * Józef Bednarski, wrestling WWF

Basketball

 * Aleksander Balcerowski
 * Dardan Berisha
 * Oded Brandwein (born 1988), Israeli-Polish basketball player
 * Aaron Cel
 * Olek Czyż
 * Margo Dydek
 * Filip Dylewicz
 * Tomasz Gielo
 * Marcin Gortat, NBA basketball, Los Angeles Clippers
 * Karol Gruszecki
 * Adam Hrycaniuk
 * Przemek Karnowski
 * Thomas Kelati, American-Polish basketball player
 * Mateusz Kostrzewski
 * Łukasz Koszarek
 * Damian Kulig
 * Maciej Lampe
 * David Logan, American-born Polish basketball player
 * Dominik Olejniczak
 * Mateusz Ponitka
 * A.J. Slaughter, Polish-American basketball player
 * Jeremy Sochan, NBA basketball, San Antonio Spurs
 * Michał Sokołowski
 * Krzysztof Szubarga
 * Adam Waczyński
 * Adam Wójcik

Boxing

 * Tomasz Adamek
 * Aleksy Antkiewicz
 * Joe Choynski
 * Zygmunt Chychła
 * Leszek Drogosz
 * Charley Goldman, International Boxing Hall of fame
 * Andrzej Gołota
 * Janusz Gortat
 * Józef Grudzień
 * Marian Kasprzyk
 * Jerzy Kulej
 * Dariusz Michalczewski
 * Kazimierz Paździor
 * Zbigniew Pietrzykowski
 * Jerzy Rybicki
 * Feliks Stamm, coach
 * Jan Szczepański
 * Artur Szpilka
 * Henryk Średnicki
 * Izu Ugonoh
 * Krzysztof Włodarczyk
 * Tony Zale
 * Janusz Zarenkiewicz

Checkers

 * Natalia Sadowska

Chess

 * Izak Aloni (1905–1985)
 * Izaak Appel (1905–1941)
 * Arnold Aurbach (1888–1952)
 * Zdzisław Belsitzmann (1890–1920)
 * Abram Blass (1895–unknown)
 * Agnieszka Brustman (b. 1962)
 * Oscar Chajes (1873–1928)
 * Joseph Cukierman (1900–1941)
 * Hieronim Czarnowski (1834–1902)
 * Moshe Czerniak (1910–1984)
 * Arthur Dake (1910–2000), American born to Polish parents
 * Dawid Daniuszewski (1885–1944)
 * Józef Dominik (1894–1920)
 * Jan-Krzysztof Duda (b. 1998)
 * Arthur Dunkelblum (1906–1979)
 * Boruch Israel Dyner (1903–1979)
 * Hanna Ereńska (b. 1946)
 * Samuel Factor (1883–1949)
 * Alexander Flamberg (1880–1926)
 * Henryk Friedman (1903–1942)
 * Achilles Frydman (1905–1940)
 * Paulino Frydman (1905–1982)
 * Regina Gerlecka (1913–1983)
 * Edward Gerstenfeld (1915–1943)
 * Róża Herman (1902–1995)
 * Krystyna Hołuj-Radzikowska
 * Chaim Janowski (1868–1935)
 * Dawid Janowski (1868–1927)
 * Max Judd (1851–1906)
 * Bernhard Kagan (1866–1932)
 * Stanisław Kohn (1895–1940)
 * George Koltanowski (1903–2000), born in Belgium to a Polish-Jewish family
 * Henrijeta Konarkowska-Sokolov (b. 1938)
 * Michał Krasenkow (b. 1963), Russian born, moved to Poland in 1992
 * Leon Kremer (1901–1941)
 * Adam Kuligowski (b. 1955), awarded the title of Chess Grandmaster in 1980
 * Abraham Kupchik (1892–1970)
 * Salo Landau (1903–1943)
 * Edward Lasker (1885–1981)
 * Paul Saladin Leonhardt (1877–1934)
 * Grigory Levenfish (1889–1961)
 * Moishe Lowtzky (1881–1940)
 * Bartłomiej Macieja (b. 1977)
 * Kazimierz Makarczyk (1901–1972)
 * Kalikst Morawski (1859–1939)
 * Stasch Mlotkowski (1881–1943), born in the United States to Polish parents
 * Piotr Murdzia (b. 1975)
 * Miguel Najdorf (1910–1997)
 * Menachem Oren (1903–1962)
 * Julius Perlis (1880–1913)
 * Karol Piltz (1903–1939)
 * Oskar Piotrowski
 * Kazimierz Plater (1915–2004)
 * Henryk Pogorieły (1908–1943)
 * Ignatz von Popiel (1863–1941)
 * Artur Popławski (1860–1918)
 * Dawid Przepiórka (1880–1940)
 * Iweta Rajlich (b. 1981)
 * Teodor Regedziński (1894–1954)
 * Samuel Reshevsky (1911–1992)
 * Samuel Rosenthal (1837–1902)
 * Gersz Rotlewi (1889–1920)
 * Akiba Rubinstein (1880–1961)
 * Gersz Salwe (1862–1920)
 * Włodzimierz Schmidt (b. 1943)
 * Leon Schwartzmann (1887–1942)
 * Stanislaus Sittenfeld (1865–1902)
 * Monika Soćko (b. 1978)
 * Franciszek Sulik (1908–unknown)
 * Bogdan Śliwa (1922–2003)
 * Dariusz Świercz (b. 1994)
 * Savielly Tartakower (1887–1956)
 * Jean Taubenhaus (1850–1919)
 * Oscar Tenner (1880–1948)
 * Vitaly Tseshkovsky (1944–2011)
 * Alexander Wagner (1868–1942)
 * Szymon Winawer (1838–1919)
 * Radosław Wojtaszek (b. 1987)
 * Aleksander Wojtkiewicz (1963–2006)
 * Daniel Yanofsky (1925–2000)
 * Józef Żabiński (1860–1928)
 * Johannes Zukertort (1842–1888)
 * Adolf Zytogorski (c. 1811/1812–1882)

Climbing

 * Klemens Bachleda, Tatra guide and mountain rescuer
 * Kinga Baranowska, mountaineer
 * Andrzej Bargiel, ski mountaineer and climber
 * Leszek Cichy, high-altitude climber
 * Jerzy Kukuczka, high-altitude climber
 * Wojciech Kurtyka, high-altitude climber and rock climber
 * Piotr Pustelnik, high-altitude climber
 * Wanda Rutkiewicz, high-altitude climber
 * Krzysztof Wielicki, high-altitude climber
 * Andrzej Zawada, high-altitude climber

Cycling

 * Maciej Bodnar
 * Eugenia Bujak
 * Zenon Jaskuła
 * Justyna Kaczkowska
 * Michał Kwiatkowski
 * Czesław Lang
 * Wacław Latocha
 * Rafał Majka
 * Przemysław Niemiec
 * Katarzyna Niewiadoma
 * Mieczysław Nowicki
 * Katarzyna Pawłowska
 * Daria Pikulik
 * Paweł Poljański
 * Wojciech Pszczolarski
 * Szymon Sajnok
 * Sylwester Szmyd
 * Stanisław Szozda
 * Ryszard Szurkowski
 * Mateusz Taciak
 * Adrian Tekliński
 * Maja Włoszczowska

Fencing

 * Robert Andrzejuk
 * Kazimierz Barburski
 * Michał Butkiewicz
 * Zbigniew Czajkowski
 * Danuta Dmowska
 * Egon Franke
 * Arkadiusz Godel
 * Sylwia Gruchała
 * Roman Kantor
 * Renata Knapik-Miazga
 * Marcin Koniusz
 * Edward Korfanty
 * Adam Krzesiński
 * Michał Majewski
 * Ryszard Parulski
 * Jerzy Pawłowski
 * Anna Rybicka
 * Ryszard Sobczak
 * Aleksandra Socha
 * Rafał Sznajder
 * Ewa Trzebińska
 * Witold Woyda
 * Barbara Wysoczańska
 * Wojciech Zabłocki

Football

 * Zygmunt Anczok, defender
 * Henryk Apostel, coach
 * Jan Banaś, attacker
 * Jan Bednarek, defender
 * Jakub Błaszczykowski, midfielder
 * Zbigniew Boniek, midfielder, head of the Polish Football Association (PZPN)
 * Artur Boruc, goalkeeper
 * Lucjan Brychczy, midfielder
 * Andrzej Buncol, midfielder
 * Matty Cash, defender
 * Ewald Cebula, defender
 * Gerard Cieślik, midfielder
 * Lesław Ćmikiewicz, midfielder
 * Kazimierz Deyna, midfielder
 * Jerzy Dudek, goalkeeper
 * Ewald Dytko, midfielder
 * Łukasz Fabiański, goalkeeper
 * Robert Gadocha, attacker
 * Ludwik Gintel, defender/forward
 * Jacek Gmoch, coach
 * Jerzy Gorgoń, defender
 * Kazimierz Górski, coach
 * Paweł Janas, defender, coach
 * Ireneusz Jeleń, attacker
 * Erich Juskowiak, defender
 * Józef Kałuża, attacker, coach
 * Henryk Kasperczak, midfielder, coach
 * Miroslav Klose, attacker
 * Józef Klotz, defender; murdered by the Nazis
 * Raymond Kopa, attacker
 * Hubert Kostka, goalkeeper
 * Tadeusz Kuchar, midfielder, coach
 * Tomasz Kuszczak, goalkeeper
 * Grzegorz Lato, attacker
 * Robert Lewandowski, attacker
 * Jan Liberda, attacker
 * Włodzimierz Lubański, attacker
 * Józef Lustgarten, midfielder, manager
 * Stefan Majewski, defender, coach
 * Ladislao Mazurkiewicz, goalkeeper
 * Arkadiusz Milik, attacker
 * Józef Młynarczyk, goalkeeper
 * Piotr Nowak, midfielder
 * Erwin Nyc, midfielder
 * Teodor Peterek, attacker
 * Krzysztof Piątek, attacker
 * Ryszard Piec, midfielder
 * Wilhelm Piec, midfielder
 * Antoni Piechniczek, defender, coach
 * Leonard Piontek, midfielder
 * Lukas Podolski, attacker
 * Łukasz Piszczek, defender
 * Ernest Pohl, attacker
 * Fryderyk Scherfke midfielder
 * Ebi Smolarek, attacker
 * Włodzimierz Smolarek, midfielder
 * Leon Sperling, forward (left wing)
 * Zygmunt Steuermann, forward
 * Piotr Świerczewski, midfielder
 * Grzegorz Szamotulski, goalkeeper
 * Andrzej Szarmach, attacker
 * Władysław Szczepaniak, defender
 * Wojciech Szczęsny, goalkeeper
 * Edward Szymkowiak, goalkeeper
 * Andrzej Szczypkowski (born 1971), midfielder
 * Łukasz Teodorczyk, attacker
 * Jan Tomaszewski, goalkeeper
 * Piotr Trochowski, midfielder
 * Krzysztof Warzycha, attacker
 * Ernest Wilimowski, attacker
 * Walter Winkler, defender
 * Maryan Wisnieski, attacker
 * Gerard Wodarz, attacker
 * Łukasz Załuska, goalkeeper
 * Piotr Zieliński, midfielder
 * Władysław Żmuda, defender

Ice hockey

 * Mariusz Czerkawski
 * Wayne Gretzky, mixed Polish descent
 * Gordie Howe, mixed Polish descent
 * Mike Komisarek
 * Ed Olczyk
 * Krzysztof Oliwa
 * Brian Rafalski
 * Peter Sidorkiewicz
 * Bryan Smolinski
 * Pete Stemkowski
 * Lee Stempniak
 * Daniel Tkaczuk
 * James Wisniewski
 * Wojtek Wolski
 * Travis Zajac

Skiing

 * Konrad Bartelski, Alpine ski racer
 * Bronisław Czech, Alpine ski racer
 * Piotr Fijas, ski jumper
 * Wojciech Fortuna, ski jumper
 * Krystyna Guzik, biathlete
 * Monika Hojnisz, biathlete
 * Stefan Hula, Sr., Nordic combined skier
 * Stefan Hula, Jr., ski jumper
 * Justyna Kowalczyk, cross-country skier
 * Maciej Kot, ski jumper
 * Dawid Kubacki, ski jumper
 * Józef Łuszczek, cross-country skier
 * Adam Małysz, ski jumper
 * Jan Marusarz, World War II Carpathian Mountains escort of intelligence agent Krystyna Skarbek
 * Stanisław Marusarz, ski jumper
 * Weronika Nowakowska, biathlete
 * Tomasz Sikora, biathlete
 * Monika Skinder, cross-country skiing
 * Kamil Stoch, ski jumper
 * Jan Ziobro, ski jumper
 * Piotr Żyła, ski jumper

Swimming

 * Katarzyna Baranowska
 * Konrad Czerniak
 * Agnieszka Czopek
 * Otylia Jędrzejczak
 * Radosław Kawęcki
 * Bartosz Kizierowski
 * Michael Klim
 * Agata Korc
 * Paweł Korzeniowski
 * Daniel Kowalski
 * Sławomir Kuczko
 * Mariusz Podkościelny
 * Mateusz Sawrymowicz
 * Lejzor Ilja Szrajbman; murdered by the Nazis in Majdanek concentration camp
 * Rafał Szukała
 * Katarzyna Wasick
 * Wojciech Wojdak
 * Artur Wojdat

Tennis

 * Wojciech Fibak
 * Magdalena Fręch
 * Mariusz Fyrstenberg
 * Hubert Hurkacz
 * Jerzy Janowicz
 * Klaudia Jans-Ignacik
 * Jadwiga Jędrzejowska
 * Angelique Kerber
 * Łukasz Kubot
 * Magda Linette
 * Sabine Lisicki
 * Kamil Majchrzak
 * Marcin Matkowski
 * Daniel Prenn (1904–1991), Russian-born German, Polish, and British world-top-ten tennis player
 * Michał Przysiężny
 * Agnieszka Radwańska
 * Urszula Radwańska
 * Władysław Skonecki
 * Iga Świątek
 * Caroline Wozniacki

Volleyball

 * Zbigniew Bartman
 * Michał Bąkiewicz
 * Mateusz Bieniek
 * Agnieszka Bednarek-Kasza
 * Izabela Bełcik
 * Grzegorz Bociek
 * Monika Bociek
 * Rafał Buszek
 * Fabian Drzyzga
 * Tomasz Fornal
 * Małgorzata Glinka-Mogentale
 * Piotr Gruszka
 * Krzysztof Ignaczak
 * Jakub Jarosz
 * Joanna Kaczor
 * Łukasz Kadziewicz
 * Karol Kłos
 * Jakub Kochanowski
 * Dawid Konarski
 * Grzegorz Kosok
 * Michał Kubiak
 * Bartosz Kurek
 * Bartosz Kwolek
 * Wilfredo León
 * Grzegorz Łomacz
 * Mateusz Mika
 * Joanna Mirek
 * Marcin Możdżonek
 * Agata Mróz-Olszewska
 * Dawid Murek
 * Piotr Nowakowski
 * Paweł Papke
 * Daniel Pliński
 * Kamil Semeniuk
 * Katarzyna Skowrońska-Dolata
 * Artur Szalpuk
 * Aleksander Śliwka
 * Sebastian Świderski
 * Dorota Świeniewicz
 * Hubert Wagner
 * Anna Werblińska
 * Michał Winiarski
 * Mariusz Wlazły
 * Tomasz Wójtowicz
 * Andrzej Wrona
 * Paweł Zagumny
 * Paweł Zatorski
 * Łukasz Żygadło

Weightlifting

 * Waldemar Baszanowski
 * Marcin Dołęga
 * Ben Helfgott
 * Zbigniew Kaczmarek
 * Aleksandra Klejnowska
 * Szymon Kołecki
 * Andrzej Maszewski
 * Mieczysław Nowak
 * Norbert Ozimek
 * Ireneusz Paliński
 * Norbert Schemansky
 * Zygmunt Smalcerz
 * Marek Seweryn
 * Stanley Stanczyk
 * Agata Wróbel
 * Adrian Zieliński
 * Marian Zieliński

Others

 * Karol Bielecki, handball
 * Leszek Blanik, gymnastics
 * Jan Błachowicz, mixed martial artist
 * Karolina Bosiek, speed skater
 * Zbigniew Bródka, speed skater
 * Maciej Chorążyk, soccer official and sports journalist
 * Janusz Centka, soaring
 * Moe Drabowsky, baseball
 * Jarek Dymek, strongman
 * Mateusz Gamrot, mixed martial arts
 * Tomasz Gollob, Motorcycle speedway World Champion
 * Andrzej Grubba, table tennis
 * Sebastian Janikowski, American football
 * Stan Javie, American football official
 * Steve Javie, National Basketball Association
 * Joanna Jędrzejczyk, mixed martial arts
 * Stefan Kapłaniak, canoeing
 * Sebastian Kawa, gliding
 * Justin Koschitzke, former professional Australian rules footballer for St Kilda
 * Karolina Kowalkiewicz, mixed martial arts
 * Rafał Kubacki, judo
 * Robert Kubica, Formula One and auto racing driver
 * Tomasz Kucharski, rowing
 * Mateusz Kusznierewicz, sailing
 * Waldemar Legień, judo
 * Jerzy Makula, glider aerobatics
 * Wiktor Malinowski, professional poker player
 * Patrycja Maliszewska, short track speed skater
 * Szymon Marciniak, football referee
 * Piotr Markiewicz, canoeing
 * Renata Mauer, shooting
 * Bill Mazeroski, baseball
 * Przemyslaw Mazur, auto racing
 * Aleksandra Mirosław, speed climbing
 * Gene Mruczkowski, American football
 * Scott Mruczkowski, American football
 * Paweł Nastula, judo
 * Zofia Noceti-Klepacka, windsurfing
 * Tom Paciorek, baseball
 * Aneta Pastuszka, canoeing
 * James Podsiadly, former professional Australian rules footballer for Adelaide and Geelong
 * Mariusz Pudzianowski, strongman
 * Ivan Putski, professional wrestler
 * Helena Rakoczy, gymnastics
 * Elwira Seroczyńska, speed skater
 * Arkadiusz Skrzypaszek, modern pentathlete
 * Paul Slowinski, Muay Thai
 * Adam Smelczyński, shooting
 * Rafał Sonik, quad rally driver
 * Robert Sycz, rowing
 * Jerzy Szczakiel, Motorcycle speedway World Champion
 * Sławomir Szmal, handball
 * Ryszard Szurkowski, road bicycle racing
 * Jan Szymański, speed skater
 * Marek Twardowski, canoeing
 * Roger Verey, rowing
 * Piotr Wadecki, road bicycle racing
 * Bogdan Wenta, handball
 * Sebastian Wenta, strongman, highland games
 * David Wojcinski, former professional Australian rules footballer for Geelong
 * Jerzy Wojnar, luge
 * Andrzej Wroński, wrestling
 * Józef Zapędzki, shooting
 * Sobiesław Zasada, auto racing