Talk:List of Internet top-level domains

Brand TLDs seem to be out of date
I did a scrape of ICANN registry agreements to figure out which gTLDs are brands and which are not. I believe a brand gTLD is one that has Specification 13 example for .aaa or an active exemption for Specification 9.

After comparing my scrape to Wikipedia, it looks like a lot of the listed brand TLDs are incorrect. See the full diff https://i.imgur.com/3jhvRq6.png. Red means Wikipedia is missing it (though some are terminated, which the scraper disregards), green means Wikipedia has it as branded but it should not be, it's generic.

To illustrate the issue with some of the ones from the diff above:


 * `.bond` - Definitely generic and not brand, used to be brand. See https://www.gandi.net/en/domain/tld/bond and the transfer of ownership https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/tlds/bond/bond-assign-pdf-29mar19-en.pdf
 * `.ovh` - Generic, Wikipedia even mentions this https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.ovh, can be registered at only one registrar but it's still freely registerable https://tld-list.com/tld/ovh.
 * `.aws` - Brand, can't register according to https://tld-list.com/tld/aws, and https://ntldstats.com/tld/aws only shows one registrar which doesn't seem to resell (probably just the backend for the TLD). See the Specification 13 for .aws as well https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/tlds/aws/aws-spec13-30jul15-en.pdf
 * `.living` - Brand, no registrars https://tld-list.com/tld/living and only one domain https://ntldstats.com/tld/living

Scraping machinery is in a public GitHub repo, https://github.com/Cobertos/tld-data --Cobertos (talk) 12:06, 3 October 2020 (UTC)
 * The problem with the .BRAND gTLDs is that many of them have been terminated and most of them are NIC-only zonefiles. ( https://www.icann.org/resources/pages/terminated-registry-agreements-2016-03-02-en ) The Specification 13 thing formally specified brands but some of the gTLDs were brands in all but name. Some .BRAND gTLDs have more than one registrar but it is often a brand protection registrar handling the registations for the brand owner. Many new gTLDs still have not launched and it is not known if they will. It would be helpful if you could add your data to Wikipedia. Jmccormac (talk) 17:27, 4 October 2020 (UTC)


 * Okay, I will look into putting together some sort of edit draft or something? I'm not exactly sure how Wikipedia handles in progress things yet. Cobertos (talk) 03:23, 10 October 2020 (UTC)
 * Another problem with the brand name list is that the source does not indicate which are brand name and which not. Early on, someone made a separate brand name domain list. I have some years ago moved several from Generic to Brand, based on some criteria, e.g. that the domain is same as owner company name or seemed like a brand when searching for the name. I am convinced that many in the Generic list are brands and several in Brand are not brands. Jmccormac is free according to me to change the list. But a name can be a brand, registered owned by a company named the same, and the domain still be freely available to register subdomains.BIL (talk) 19:13, 10 February 2021 (UTC)


 * The article seems to be unmaintained. It may be wise to reduce its scope and link official lists: https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db. This would solve the issues of this article and make it more relevant to the reader.--Imur naili (talk) 16:37, 18 May 2021 (UTC)

Explanation list expand
May I expand the explanation list for the internet ccTLD? Especially for Benin (BJ) and Western Sahara (EH) Corypight (talk) 11:12, 12 December 2020 (UTC)


 * - I see you have already made some changes for Benin, Western Sahara and others. That is fine! There is a guideline for the English version of Wikipedia known as "WP:BOLD", which means "Be bold!" or "Go for it!" If you think there are changes that should be made, you are encouraged to start making them. If some other editor disagrees with your changes, they may simply revert your changes.


 * NOTE- if you think there should be large / major changes, such as adding a new column to tables here, or removing large sections.. then you are encouraged to start up a new section here on the Talk page first to see if other editors agree with you on those large changes. If you have that discussion here in advance, that may reduce the chance that other editors will revert all the large changes that you make. Thanks again for your interest in helping keep Wikipedia up-to-date! - Dyork (talk) 02:51, 14 December 2020 (UTC)

Archive page 1 created
Using the H:ARC process, I have now created a Talk:List_of_Internet_top-level_domains/Archive_1 first archive page of resolved past discussions on this talk page, some that dated back to 2004. That archive page is also searchable from the box at the top of this page. Making this change should now make it easier to find current discussions on this Talk page. - Dyork (talk) 02:41, 14 December 2020 (UTC)

KY in Cayman Island
What does "ky" means in Cayman Islands? I need it for expanding the ccTLD explanation list Corypight (talk) 08:26, 15 December 2020 (UTC)


 * - As far as I can tell, the "KY" country code does not have any specific way you can expand it. All of the ccTLDs come from the ISO_3166-1 country code list maintained by the [ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency]. I don't know the history on KY, but my wild guess would be that other country codes such as "CI" or "CY" were already taken by the time they got to allocating a code for the Cayman Islands. In some cases, you just won't be able to write in any kind of obvious expansion. (But thanks for trying!) - Dyork (talk) 02:25, 16 December 2020 (UTC)
 * The ISO country codes generally dictated the ccTLD codes but there are some exceptions (UK and EU). The two letter code for Cyprus (CY) may have been assigned before that of the Cayman islands. The C in the word Cayman is pronounced like a K so that may have been the basis for the KY code. The ccTLD codes started being assigned before the advent of the WWW and most of the early assignments were in countries with strong communications infrastructures. Jmccormac (talk) 09:44, 16 December 2020 (UTC)

Citations for the explanations?
Should we find and add citations for the explanations of why the country domains have certain names? Besides for countries like Aland, of course... but I just realized that none of them have any citations. By wok ! 21:03, 9 February 2021 (UTC)


 * - It is an interesting idea, but I do wonder how easy it would be to find the appropriate explanations. As far as I know, the codes should all come from ISO 3166-1, and I don't seen any specific references there. - Dyork (talk) 02:33, 10 February 2021 (UTC)


 * I checked the country codes and there's no explanations included. Looks like Wikipedians filled in the blanks. Should I remove this section? By  wok ! 16:56, 10 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Most of the explanations can be replaced with a simple internal link to the relevant ISO3166-1 Alpha 2 code for these countries as it is often the basis for the country code. Jmccormac (talk) 06:07, 18 February 2021 (UTC)

Country Code TLDs should moved to the dedicated ccTLD page
This is a very long article on its own and is pretty inconvenient to scroll through and read, so I think that as country codes is long have their own significant dedicated page with their section on this page being replaced by a "main article" link. UppercutPawnch (talk) 23:26, 30 April 2021 (UTC)

Okay I've received no comment from anyone and think the page on ccTLDs are better to fit the list on so if I don't receive a comment soon I'm moving the ccTLD section to there. UppercutPawnch (talk) 23:14, 5 May 2021 (UTC)


 * I agree this page is extremely long. Given that there already is a separate article for Country code top-level domain, I agree that it would make sense to move the full list over to THAT article, and clean up the partial list that is there. - Dyork (talk) 00:47, 6 May 2021 (UTC)


 * If we really wanted to this page could be turned into a list of individual pages for each list but some sections just seem to short already. Anyways, I'm gonna start this in a couple hours when I get some more free time to do so. UppercutPawnch (talk) 16:30, 6 May 2021 (UTC)

Sections of page should be split to their appropriate articles, with page being replaced by standalone list.
Each official type (and some unofficial types) of TLDs have their own wiki page already that each section can slide right into as a table section, making the point of this list a bit useless since someone looking for a list of a specific type of TLD would likely go to the page of each individual TLD type. This would also definitely cut down on the stupidly large size this page already is. If it remains at all, I think this page should be turned into a standalone list page based off of the IANA DNS Root Zone Database with related notes for each TLD as well so it can be worthy of actually being a proper list article. UppercutPawnch (talk) 18:08, 10 September 2021 (UTC)

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Missing TLDs, etc
Very simply, I've just visited the page to find the correct or acceptable uses for various TLD's that my host offers, and many of the appear not to be listed, eg (not exhaustive) .tv .co ... Also, I'm sure there are different registrars in different countries for at least some TLDs, as some more "generic" types seem to have American or German registrars, when, I'm sure - for me - they're also offered by UK registrars. Sorry, I only have questions, not answers! --RedTCat (talk) 00:18, 8 November 2021 (UTC)

Don't list target market for brand reserved TLDs?
most already follow this, but .apple simply lists "Apple" as the target market. this seems obvious and redundant, shouldn't these be changed? Binarycat64 (talk) 03:05, 19 November 2021 (UTC)

.id domain
What about the .id top level domain? It is not listed on the page. --Gonxunator (talk) 16:17, 21 February 2022 (UTC)
 * It is included on the Country code TLD page. Jmccormac (talk) 16:53, 21 February 2022 (UTC)

someone add ".id"?
I don't know how to confirm this info or find out additional info, but ".id" does exist now (e.g., https://e-journal.biologi.lipi.go.id/index.php/reinwardtia) and is not listed here. Aloha, -pt philiptdotcom (talk) 18:01, 2 July 2022 (UTC)


 * .id is a country code top-level domain. We have a separate list of these in that article, therefore they aren't repeated here.  Why are you singling out .id, anyway? — Smjg (talk) 19:44, 26 July 2022 (UTC)

.click
I just encounter a spam wave with emails from .click domains. It is the first top level domain, which I filter now complete as spam. Did not find it in the list Pege.founder (talk) 19:29, 30 July 2022 (UTC)


 * Hi. The .click domain is listed in the 'C' section although there is not much information. - Dyork (talk) 16:18, 12 August 2022 (UTC)

COI edit request - PIR now operates .CHARITY, .FOUNDATION, and .GIVES
Hello! In this list, the "Operator/Registry" of .charity, .foundation, and .gives should be changed to Public Interest Registry after they were transferred to PIR by Donuts. Sources:


 * https://domainnamewire.com/2022/06/07/godaddy-acquires-two-tlds-pir-completes-acquisition-of-3-donuts-domains/
 * https://www.thenonprofittimes.com/npt_articles/public-interest-registry-to-expand-available-domains/
 * https://domainnamewire.com/2021/12/08/pir-acquires-4-charitable-top-level-domains-announces-rsp-contract-bidding/
 * https://thenew.org/pir-now-offers-charity-foundation-gives-as-part-of-org-family-of-domains-portfolio/

I will also note that PIR is the operator of the .GIVING TLD that is active in the DNS root zone but is not yet available for registration and is not yet listed in the list in this Wikipedia article. A row could be added for .giving in the G section.

As I am employed by an organization connected to PIR, I have WP:COI and don't feel comfortable making the edit directly. (Although I will do so if other editors would prefer I make the changes.) Thank you for the consideration! - Dyork (talk) 16:34, 12 August 2022 (UTC)

Missing URL TLD
I don't see: .FM 2601:81:8401:2FC0:ECBD:C754:4817:A613 (talk) 21:12, 18 November 2022 (UTC)

missing .no and .ad and .se and .dk
.no is for Norwegian domains, .ad is for Andorra domains, .se is for Swedish domains, and .dk is for Danish domains, and generally it seems this list is *very* lacking.

193.69.255.210 (talk) 09:01, 2 December 2022 (UTC)


 * Those are country code top-level domains, which are in a different list. Trivialist (talk) 11:14, 2 December 2022 (UTC)

The page is mis-named because it does not contain all "Internet top-level domains"
ccTLDs are completely legitimate TLDs. They have existed for essentially as long as the "Original top-level domains" listed near the top of the article. They are fully co-mingled in the list of TLDs published by IANA:

By separating the ccTLDs to a separate page, readers (such as those commenting above) get the impression that ccTLDs are not full-fledged TLDs. The couple of mentions of ccTLDs on this page are missed by many readers.

To reduce this confusion, it would be good to make the list of ccTLDs part of this page, and put as a top-level section of its own. I would be willing to do this work if others agree it is a good idea. Note that I am an employee of ICANN (although not on the IANA team at ICANN), so I have WP:COI and don't feel comfortable making the edit directly.

- Paulehoffman — Preceding undated comment added 16:02, 2 December 2022 (UTC)

Mistake counting "test" domains (TLD)
"11 test domains" Click link to "Test domains" page which lists ".test" plus 11 TLD which I assume are "test" translated to languages not using English alphabet. 1 + 11 = 12. There are 12 test TLD.

Do readers understand that TLD are unusable for the common use of the term "domain"? URI require adding at least a secondary name (near infinite possibilities, before adding a additional names.) Country code TLD may not be usable at second level (like ".co.uk") 74.94.11.226 (talk) 19:49, 20 December 2022 (UTC)

I wrote this. I cannot edit it. Wikipedia logged me out. Wikipedia did not ask if I would like to login before posting. Wikipedia refused to accept the password I created on 2021‐02‐10, less than 2 years ago. Also did not accept the previous password created on 2013‐12‐27. Wikipedia Login page has no option to see the password typed: bad for people with disabilities, or not typing well. Solprovider (talk) 20:41, 20 December 2022 (UTC)

Domain in. No id
Hellep 2001:448A:2034:1670:E48F:8B9A:8026:6B78 (talk) 21:51, 24 January 2023 (UTC)

Minds + Machines Group in Liquidation
According to their web page, Minds + Machines Group Limited, registry for multiple TLDs ranging from .beer to .work, is currently in liquidation and should be noted as such. I looked around for a bit but could not find a way to edit the "n 3" reference text to do this. {too hard; gave up}

Here is the text in case the web page goes away soon: "On 18 November 2022, following the redemption of shares, the Board of Directors approved a plan of liquidation for MMX and appointed Mr. David Bennett of Grant Thornton as sole liquidator (the “Liquidator”) under Part XII of the BVI Business Companies Act.

"On 21 November the BVI Registrar of Corporate Affairs approved the Company’s appointment of the Liquidator. From this time and date, MMX is in Voluntary Liquidation and the Liquidator is responsible for the affairs of the Company and shall take such steps as required under the BVI Business Companies Act to dissolve the Company." DonWW (talk) 02:46, 28 June 2023 (UTC)

Missing .moda
See: https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/moda.html Quwikiwuq (talk) 06:32, 24 January 2024 (UTC)

why there is no dot en domain?
if there are french language domain that based in french its called dot fr then why there is no english counterpart like in england?182.253.54.75 (talk) 12:19, 30 March 2024 (UTC)


 * Because most of the country code TLDs are based on their equivalent two letter ISO 3166-1 country code. Jmccormac (talk) 19:05, 31 March 2024 (UTC)

Where's .ai
Where's .ai in this list? 2605:A601:A08A:2A00:402F:75ED:5AF8:CC26 (talk) 00:07, 30 April 2024 (UTC)


 * On the country Code TLDs list linked from the main article.Jmccormac (talk) 00:26, 30 April 2024 (UTC)