University of Geneva

The University of Geneva (French: Université de Genève) is a public research university located in Geneva, Switzerland. It was founded in 1559 by French theologian John Calvin as a theological seminary. It remained focused on theology until the 17th century, when it became a center for enlightenment scholarship. Today, it is the third largest university in Switzerland by number of students.

In 1873, it dropped its religious affiliations and became officially secular. In 2009, the University of Geneva celebrated the 450th anniversary of its founding. Almost 40% of the students come from foreign countries.

The university holds and actively pursues teaching, research, and community service as its primary objectives. UNIGE is a member of the League of European Research Universities (including academic institutions such as Amsterdam, Barcelona, Cambridge, Heidelberg, and Milan) the Coimbra Group and the European University Association.

The university has a diverse student body, with students from over 150 countries. It is also home to numerous research centers and institutes, including the Geneva Centre for Security Policy, the Global Studies Institute, and the Institute of Global Health.

History
The university was founded in 1559 as the Academy of Geneva (Académie de Genève) by French theologian John Calvin, as a seminary administered by the Company of Pastors, to be the center of public education in Protestant Geneva. With the goal of educating not only pastors but also magistrates for the republic, in 1565 the academy began the teaching of Law.

During the French annexation of Geneva (1798–1813), the school was reorganized into a more universal format, with the introduction of degrees and its division in faculties. This process of modernization continued into the period of national Restoration

Location
The University of Geneva is located in several districts in the eastern part of the city and in the nearby city of Carouge (on the left bank of the Lake Léman and the Rhône), and the different buildings are sometimes very distant from each other (the Battelle buildings are for instance more than three kilometers away from the Bastions). The oldest building (1559) is the Collège Calvin, and is no longer a university building. Lectures are given in six different main locations, Les Bastions, Uni Dufour, Sciences I, II and III, Uni Mail and Uni Pignon, Centre Médical Universitaire (CMU), and Battelle; as well as in other less important locations.

Uni Bastions
Built between 1868 and 1871, Uni Bastions is the symbol of Geneva's academic life. It is located in the middle of a park and is host to the faculty of Protestant Theology and to the Faculty of Arts.

Uni Dufour
Its architecture was inspired by Le Corbusier. It hosts the Rectorat and the administration of the university.

Uni Mail
It is Switzerland's biggest building dedicated to social sciences. It currently hosts the Faculty of Law, of Economics and Management, of Psychology and Education and the Faculty of Translation and Interpreting.

Organisation
The University of Geneva is structured in various faculties and interfaculty centers which are representing teaching, research and service to society in the various disciplines.

Faculties
The university is composed of nine faculties:
 * Faculty of Sciences
 * Faculty of Medicine
 * Faculty of Humanities
 * Faculty Geneva School of Economics and Management (GSEM)
 * Faculty Geneva School of Social Sciences (G3S)
 * Faculty of Law (Geneva Law School)
 * Faculty of Theology
 * Faculty of Psychology and Education
 * Faculty of Translation and Interpreting

Interfaculty centers
The university is composed of fourteen interfacultary centers. Amongst others:
 * Institute for Reformation History (Reformation)
 * Interfaculty Center for Informatics (computer science)
 * Institute for Environmental Sciences (energy policy)
 * The Global Studies Institute
 * Interfaculty Center of Gerontology (gerontology)
 * Swiss Center for Affective Sciences (affective science)

Associated institutions
The university has also several partnerships with the nearby institutions, where students at the university may take courses.
 * Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (IHEID)
 * Bossey Ecumenical Institute of the World Council of Churches
 * Wyss Center for Bio- and Neuro-engineering
 * Swiss National Supercomputing Centre
 * Art-Law Centre
 * Center for Biomedical Imaging(CIBM)
 * University Centre of Legal Medicine (CURML)
 * The Institute for Work and Health (IST)

Finances
The University of Geneva had a budget of roughly 760 million CHF for the year 2016. It mostly comes from the cantonal subventions, the other notable contributors being the federal state and the tuition fees.

Libraries
UNIGE's library facilities are spread across four sites.


 * Uni Arve is host to seven libraries: Bibliothèque Ernst & Lucie Schmidheiny, Bibliothèque d'Anthropologie, Bibliothèque du Centre universitaire d'informatique, Bibliothèque Georges de Rham (Mathematics), Bibliothèque de l'Institut des Sciences de l'environnement (ISE), Bibliothèque de l'Observatoire (Astronomy) and the Bibliothèque des Sciences de la Terre et de l'environnement.
 * Uni Bastions hosts the language libraries, as well as the university's libraries focused on history and musicology.
 * Uni CMU is home to an extensive collection of medical issues. Besides, it is also hosts the Centre de documentation en santé (CDS) and the Bibliothèque de l'nstitut de la médecine et de la santé et de l'Institut d'éthique biomédicale (IHMS – IEB).
 * Uni Mail's collection is focused on the following themes: Economics and social sciences, Law, Psychology and Learning Sciences, Translation and Interpreting, European studies, French as a foreign language and Musicology. Besides, it also hosts UNIGE's multimedia library.

Press
The journal de l'UNIGE is released biweekly. Its purpose is to ease communication inside the university, to inform the students about the research being carried at UNIGE, to convey new opinions and to inform students and teachers of upcoming university events via l'Agenda.

Campus is released monthly with the objective to ease communication between the scientific community and the citizens and to be a "bridge between science and city".

Admission and fees
To be enrolled in a bachelor programme, one must hold a Swiss maturity diploma or a secondary diploma considered by the University of Geneva to be equivalent. If the degree was not pursued in French, applicants must pass an eliminatory French language test at the beginning of September, which consists of an oral and a written comprehension test and of a piece of argumentative writing. Tuition fees are of CHF 500 per semester.

Academic year
UNIGE's academic year runs from mid-September to mid-June. It is divided in two semesters, each one being concluded by an examination session, held respectively at the beginning of January and at the beginning of June. An examination session is held at the end of August and beginning of September as a retake for students who failed their January or June examinations.

During the three days before the start of the new academic year, the Journées d'accueil (Welcome Days) are organized by the university to introduce the new students to the city and the facilities, tips are also given on how to succeed at university. A second chapter including city tours, outdoor concerts and animations is also organized by the student association UniAccueil (AUA) to celebrate the new academic year.

Teaching and degrees
Before 2005, the university applied various very different models, depending on Faculties, and sometimes even on Departments (or "Sections"). Some Faculties applied the French education model of granting academic degrees, with some minor differences: demi-licence (two years), trois-quarts de licence (three years), licence (four years), diplôme d'études approfondies and diplôme d'études superieures spécialisées (DEA/DESS) (one–two years), and doctorate (three–five years).

The university now follows the requirements of the Bologna process: bachelor's (three years), master's (one–two years), in some departments or sections Master of Advanced Studies (one–two years), doctorate (three–five years).

UNIGE offers more than 240 types of diplomas: about 30 bachelor's degrees, 70 masters and 78 doctorates. It also provides more than 200 programmes of continuing education in various sectors.

International partnerships
Students at UNIGE have the possibility to study abroad for a semester or a year during their degree. Partner universities include Free University of Berlin, Harvard Law School, École Normale Supérieure, Trinity College Dublin, Erasmus University of Rotterdam, Université Libre de Bruxelles, King's College London, McGill University, HEC Montreal, University of Ottawa, University of Oxford, Uppsala University, Johns Hopkins University, University of Michigan, UCLA, University of Southampton, University of Sydney, University of Tokyo.

Research
The key sectors of research at the University of Geneva are sciences (molecular biology, bio-informatics, etc.), elementary physics, astrophysics, economics, social sciences, psychology, chemistry, biochemistry and biophysics.

UNIGE is home to six national research centers: in genetics (Frontiers in Genetics), in material sciences (MaNEP), in study of emotions (Affective Sciences), in chemical biology (with EPFL), in study of mental illness (Synaptic, with EPFL and Unil), in study of life path (with Unil). UNIGE also carries research in international studies since the creation in 2013 of the Global Studies Institute, in finance with the Geneva Finance Research Institute, and in environmental studies, with the creation in 2009 of the Institut des sciences de l'environnement.

Famous discoveries have been made by researcher working at UNIGE including the discoveries of extrasolar planets by Michel Mayor, and of quantum teleportation by Nicolas Gisin.

Rankings
The University of Geneva is consistently ranked one of the top universities in the world.

Global rankings
In 2023, the University of Geneva was ranked 49rd overall in the world according to the Shanghai Ranking. It was ranked 125th overall according to the QS ranking and 183rd overall according to the THE ranking. In 2006, Newsweek ranked the university 32nd in the world.

The QS World University Rankings ranked the University of Geneva as follows:

The Times Higher Education World University Rankings ranked the University of Geneva as follows:

Subject rankings
In molecular biology, the impact of the research carried in Geneva was ranked 4th in Europe by Times Higher Education for the period 1999–2009, directly behind the University of Oxford.

The QS 2013 subject ranking placed the University of Geneva at the 21st place in the field of Pharmacy and at the 49th place in Philosophy. In every subject, the university was ranked in the world's top 200.

Other rankings
In the 2013 QS ranking, the university was ranked 24th in the world for most international faculty and 20th in the world for most international student body. In 2023, it was ranked 26th best university overall in Europe.

Student body
In 2016, 16,530 students were studying at UNIGE, of whom 61% were female. 37% of the students were non-Swiss, originating from 151 countries. 4,449 teachers and collaborators, of whom 49% are female, are working for UNIGE.

Sports
The Bureau des sports organizes all the sports related activity at UNIGE. Free sports lessons are given every day and it suffices to show one's student card to access. Other lessons organization with the university's partners demand a small fee. UNIGE is home to the Geneva university championships in basketball, indoor football, rowing, badminton, outdoor football. The university also sends teams to the Swiss university championship in badminton, indoor football, skiing, basketball, fencing, football, golf, ice-hockey, table tennis and volleyball. UNIGE also provides special schedules for students wishing to pursue their high level sporting career and to study at the same time.

Associations
Alumni UNIGE is the alumni association of the University of Geneva, it offers a network of several thousand people to its members, as well as other advantages, such as discount prizes, special events, access to the official networking platform. Atout-lettres is the alumni association of the literature students of the university, founded in 1997. Its purpose is to prepare the professional insertion of the literature students, to establish links between literature student and the working world and to promote the formation given by the Faculté de Lettres.

Alumni
Over the course of its history, a sizeable number of UNIGE alumni have become notable in their fields, both academic, and in the wider world. Affiliates of the University of Geneva have won 10 Nobel prizes. Graduate alumni (Martin Hairer and Vaughan Jones) have won 2 Fields Medals.

The university has hosted several Nobel laureates as students, researchers and/or professors: Norman Angell (1872–1967), Nobel Peace Prize 1933; Karl Gunnar Myrdal (1898–1987) Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences 1974; Daniel Bovet (1907–1992), Nobel Prize in Medicine 1957; Niels Kaj Jerne (1911–1994), Nobel Prize in Medicine 1984; Maurice Allais (1911–2010), Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences 1988; Edmond H. Fischer (1920–2021), Nobel Prize in Medicine 1992; Martin Rodbell (1925–1998), Nobel Prize in Medicine 1994; Alan Jay Heeger (born 1936), Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2000; Werner Arber (born 1929), Nobel Prize in Medicine 1978; Kofi Annan (1938–2018), Nobel Peace Prize 2001; Michel Mayor (1942-- ) and Didier Queloz (1966-- ), Nobel Prize in Physics 2019 (jointly with James Peebles).

It has also hosted or graduated three Fields Medal laureates: Vaughan Jones (1952–2020), laureate in 1990, Stanislav Smirnov (born 1970), laureate in 2010 and Martin Hairer (born 1975), laureate in 2014.

Notable scholars
• Werner Arber (born 1929)

• Fawzia Al-Ashmawi (born 1940s)

• Jonathan Barnes (born 1942)

• Roland Barthes (1915–1980)

• Samuel Baud-Bovy (1906–1986)

• Theodore Beza (1519–1605)

• Yves Bonnefoy (1923–2016)

• Raymond Boudon (born 1934)

• Jacques Bouveresse (1940–2021)

• François Bovon (1938-2013)

• Michel Butor (1926–2016)

• John Calvin (1509–1564)

• Edouard Claparède (1873–1940)

• Raphael H. Cohen (born 1953)

• Georges Cottier (1922–2016)

• Gabriel Cramer (1704–1752)

• Victoria Curzon-Price (born 1942)

• Sheridan Delépine (1855–1921)

• Kuppamuthu Dharmalingam (born 1949)

• Jean-Pierre Eckmann (born 1944)

• Pascal Engel (born 1954)

• Georges Favon (1843–1902)

• Guglielmo Ferrero (1871–1942)

• Adolphe Ferrière (1879–1960)

• Øystein Fischer (1942–2013)

• Théodore Flournoy (1854–1920)

• Harry Gideonse (1901–1985), President of Brooklyn College, and Chancellor of the New School for Social Research

• Jeanne Hersch (1910–2000)

• Bärbel Inhelder (1913–1997)

• Albert Jacquard (1925–2013)

• Hans Kelsen (1881–1973)

• Stephan Klapproth (born 1958)

• Ulrich K. Laemmli (born 1940)

• Jan-Erik Lane (born 1946)

• Nadia Magnenat Thalmann (born 1946)

• Giorgio Malinverni (born 1941)

• Michel Mayor (born 1942)

• Hans Morgenthau (1904–1980)

• Kevin Mulligan (born 1951)

• Robert Mundell (1932–2021)

• Marguerite Narbel (1918–2010)

• Joseph Nye (born 1937)

• Carlo Ossola (born 1946)

• Jean Piaget (1896–1980)

• Jean Pictet (1914–2002)

• Franciscus Portus (1511–1581)

• Albert de Pury (born 1940)

• William Rappard (1883–1958)

• André Rey (1906–1965)

• Gonzague de Reynold (1880–1970)

• Georges de Rham (1903–1990)

• Denis de Rougemont  (1906–1985)

• Jean Rousset (1910–2002)

• Ferdinand de Saussure (1857–1913)

• Joseph Justus Scaliger (1540–1609)

• Klaus Scherer (born 1943)

• Klaus Schwab (born 1938)

• Jean de Serres (1540–1598)

• Stanislav Smirnov (born 1970)

• Jean Starobinski (1920–2019)

• Maurice Stroun (1926-2017)

• George Steiner (1929–2020)

• Ernst Stueckelberg (1905–1984)

• Carsten Peter Thiede (1952–2004)

• Chaim Weizmann (1874–1952)

• Éric Werner (born 1940)

• Zhang Weiwei (born 1958)

• Jean Ziegler (born 1934)

Notable alumni
• Henri of Luxembourg (HEI)

• Maria Teresa Mestre

• Astrid de Belgique (IUEE)

• Joséphine-Charlotte de Belgique

• Nora of Liechtenstein (HEI)

• Marie José Burki

• Elias Farah

• Emanuele Filiberto di Savoia

• Dario Item

• Bonaya Adhi Godana

• Hartley Shawcross, Baron Shawcross

• Sir Norman Angell

• Natalia Aszkenazy

• José Manuel Durão Barroso (IUEE)

• Ferdinand P. Beer

• Manolo Blahnik

• Nicolas Bouvier

• Micheline Calmy-Rey (HEI)

• Róbert Cey-Bert

• Marguerite Champendal

• Corinne Chaponnière

• Albert Cohen

• Hernando de Soto

• Ruth Dreifuss

• Jacques Dubochet

• Georges Favon

• Ian Fleming

• Paul Flowers

• Diane von Fürstenberg

• Claude Goretta

• Martin Hairer

• Jean Hoerni

• Afet İnan

• Sandra Kalniete (HEI)

• Sophie Kanza

• Lazare Kopelmanas

• Zygmunt Krasiński

• Dominique Lévy

• Kaweh Mansouri

• Moshe Many

• Gilles Marchand

• Şükrü Saracoğlu

• Fátima Mereles

• Serge Moscovici

• Placide Nicod

• Claude Nicollier

• Jean Pictet

• Emma Pieczynska-Reichenbach

• Claude Piron

• Hans-Gert Pöttering

• Nasser Mohammed Al-Ahmed Al-Sabah

• Arnold Reymond

• Marco Solari

• Jürgen Wöhler

• Ehsan Naraghi

• Georg Seelig

• Sigmund Widmer

• Tariq Ramadan

• Hani Ramadan

• Elena Aprile

• Paul Dubrule

• Frank Martin

• Enrique Moles Ormella

• Riadh Sidaoui

• Alain Tanner

• Sophie Schwartz

• Alan E. Zimmer

• Mirjana Spoljaric Egger

In fiction

 * James Bond briefly studied at the University of Geneva, as did his creator, Ian Fleming.