User:Ashleypress0511/Mydrafts

What can we add to the article?

 * 1) Format the muscle section in a way that is less confusing and chunky to the reader because it can become overwhelming.
 * 2) Skeletal needs more information because it seems to be cut short and there is more to discuss.
 * 3) introduction needs more information and can not be just one sentence.
 * 4) add more information to the Henry's pocket and not to assume.
 * 5) Claws section is mostly plagiarized and needs to be paraphrased.
 * 6) Citations need to be throughout the article especially if 37 are shown as references especially in the legs and skin section.
 * 7) Make sure the links can still be demonstrated even today for modern users.
 * 8) The formatting is very overwhelming and needs to be changed/improved
 * 9) It leads to the need for more information that is not expressed.

Feedback: Discussion and Adding to an Article
Check out this page from another group for an example of organization and some citation already.Osquaesitor (talk) 15:51, 23 March 2021 (UTC)
 * the identity of the group sandbox is a little hard to decipher because links go to the group page owner’s personal sandbox
 * I’d like to see a breakdown of who is doing what written down in the group page either as labels or dividers.
 * Maria seems to be working on language accessibility and eyes
 * Cindy Skeleton
 * Ashley the rest or is this divided with Cyah?
 * This is all not quite clear right now
 * REMINDER: Please make sure to draft YOUR parts in your sandbox first and THEN copy them to the group sandbox. This step is critical
 * Cindydaily’s sandbox seems to have resources specifically linked to support their topics, but the rest are not very clear.
 * This coming week you need a draft so now is the time to practice how to insert and use citations and organize your box so that each person’s contribution is clear
 * You need to be a bit further along

Draft: Ashley Press
Based on the reading the skeletal section, the list is endless and me as a reader got completely lost during reading the anatomical terms.

sections based on each muscle of the cats anatomy would be helpful especially to help the section be more easier to read based on the article at hand.


 * Cats have muscles close or similar to humans as well. Cats have joints and tendons to allow them to move from place to place.
 * Cats have skeletal and smooth muscle in which allows movement and posture with biological functions as well.
 * Allow the abdominal muscles to be incorporated in their own section such as the abdominal muscles and incorporate the muscles and the location. This would allow the section to be less intimidating and more interesting to the reader.
 * Squish the sections together and allow them to be weaned out a little more and smaller sections allows less confusion.
 * Section is demonstrated below.
 * Feline muscles allow voluntary and involuntary motion of the cats. Cats can not push themselves and move in specific directions.

Abdominal Muscles:
Comprises of the tranversus abdominals and rectus abdominus.

"This muscle's origin is the lumbodorsal fascia and ribs. Its insertion is at the pubis and linea alba (via aponeurosis), and its action is the compression of abdominal contents. It also laterally flexes and rotates the vertebral column"

Section edit: the muscle is located in the lumbodorsal fascia and ribs and main function is the abdominal compression. This muscle also laterally flexes and rotation of the vertebral column.

"This muscle is the innermost abdominal muscle. Its origin is the second sheet of the lumbodorsal fascia and the pelvic girdle and its insertion is the linea alba. Its action is the compression of the abdomen".

Edit: Innermost muscle in the abdomen and origin is the second sheet of the lumbodorsal fascia. The function is abdominal compression demonstrated in the transverse abdominals.

Deltoids correction:
combination on the deltoids and not separated sections.

"The deltoid muscles lie just lateral to the trapezius muscles, originating from several fibers spanning the clavicle and scapula, converging to insert at the humerus. Anatomically, there are only two deltoids in the cat, the acromiodeltoid and the spinodeltoid. However, to conform to human anatomy standards, the clavobrachialis is now also considered a deltoid and is commonly referred to as the clavodeltoid."

"The acromiodeltoid is the shortest of the deltoid muscles. It lies lateral to (to the side of) the clavodeltoid, and in a more husky cat it can only be seen by lifting or reflecting the clavodeltoid. It originates at the acromion process and inserts at the deltoid ridge. When contracted, it raises and rotates the humerus outward."

"A stout and short muscle lying posterior to the acromiodeltoid. It lies along the lower border of the scapula, and it passes through the upper arm, across the upper end of muscles of the upper arm. It originates at the spine of the scapula and inserts at the deltoid ridge. Its action is to raise and rotate the humerus outward."

Correction:

The deltoid muscles containing acromiodeltoid and spinodeltoid both found in cats is lateral to the trapezius muscles. The deltoid originates from the converging of the humerus, clavicle, and scapula. Acromiodeltoid is the shortest deltoid muscle and inserted at the deltoid ridge and allows raising and rotating the humerus when contracted. Spinodeltoid is posterior to the acriminodeltoid and originated in the spine and allows the same rotation as the acriminodeltoid by rotation and raising of the hummerus.

Less chunky and more easier to read.

Head and Integument:
Head and the neck can be made into on paragraph and words need to change such as very powerful is not professional in the eyes of the reader when reading the article.

References need to be made based on the features shown because others may not know in grave derail about the anatomical parts.

The integument of cats allow them to shake their skin and allow the skin to be stretch throughout the entire body.

Neck and Back:
This section needs to be structured in a way which is less step by step.

Rhonbodius section needs to be inclusive of the capitis into the section allow.

Rhomboideus and rhombodieus capitis allows the neural spine in connection of the cranium and allows the scapula to be dorsal and drawn cranially as a edited version. Splenius is the structure in connection of the cats deep muscle structure and allows the raising and lowering of the head. Then in control of breathing based on the contraction and depress of the ribs during breath is caused by the Serratus ventralis and Dorsalis. A new set of muscles allows the interconnection and is main function of respiratory muscles which pull the ribs back and forth called the intercoastal muscles. Based on the pelvic limbs, cats have a tail that is laterally to allow the balance needed for balancing weight. The pelvic limb is abducted and the shank allows the joint ot extend and flex which is based on the Caudofemoralis.

Pectoral:
Pectroalbrachius is the muscles based on the activate the pectoral muscles. Pectoralis major and minor allows the drawing of the arm to the chest and in origin to the sternum. Pectoralis minor is larger then major, however allows the tipping of the scapula and elevation of the ribs. Last anatomical part is Xiphihumeralis which is only found in cats and allows the insertion of the humerus in relation to the sternum.

Trapezius:
In a domestic cat, there are 3 thin and flat muscles that shield the back and the neck in which pull the scapula toward the mid-dorsal line. The 3 main trapezius muscles are called the clavotrapezius, Acromiotrapezus, and lastly the spinotrapezius. Clavotrapezius is the anterior and largest muscle and draws the clavical dorsally and towards the skull. Acromiotrapezuis and spinotrapezius covers the dorsal and lateral surfaces and draws the scapula to be dorsal and holds the scapula together. Spinotrapezius is the most posterior and draes the scapula to the dorsal and caudal region of the domestic cat.

Comments:
Each section needed to be condensed and allow more to be shown. condensing allows a easier flow and read to the reader.

Checklist based on Peer Reviews

 * Elaborate more about the anatomical nature of the muscles and a construct.
 * change the wording of sentences to make the sentences make more sense and add some references to bulk up the information and not make it too overwhelming to the reader.
 * Change the wordiness of the sentences to make them more unique.
 * Reword sentences that seem more wordy than usual and connect the incomplete sentences.
 * fix grammatical changes in the sentence structure.
 * Add reference based on the structure of the pectoral muscles.
 * Add a new image when it comes to the anatomy section look up anatomical cat images to add in there.

Draft:Ashley Press
The skeletal musculature of a domestic Cat is more advanced then most think based on the naming of the muscular system and to make definitions less confusing then last time. The abdominals of a domesticated cat have many moving parts which allows digestion and processing of food from point A to point B. Innermost muscle in the abdomen and origin is the second sheet of the lumbodorsal fascia. The function is abdominal compression demonstrated in the transverse abdominals. the deltoid muscles containing acromiodeltoid and spinodeltoid both found in cats is lateral to the trapezius muscles. The deltoid originates from the converging of the humerus, clavicle, and scapula. Acromiodeltoid is the shortest deltoid muscle and inserted at the deltoid ridge and allows raising and rotating the humerus when contracted. Spinodeltoid is posterior to the acriminodeltoid and originated in the spine and allows the same rotation as the acriminodeltoid by rotation and raising of the hummerus. the neck and back includes the Rhomboideus and rhombodieus capitis allows the neural spine in connection of the cranium and allows the scapula to be dorsal and drawn cranially as a edited version. Splenius is the structure in connection of the cats deep muscle structure and allows the raising and lowering of the head. Then in control of breathing based on the contraction and depress of the ribs during breath is caused by the Serratus ventralis and Dorsalis. A new set of muscles allows the interconnection and is main function of respiratory muscles which pull the ribs back and forth called the intercoastal muscles. Based on the pelvic limbs, cats have a tail that is laterally to allow the balance needed for balancing weight. The pelvic limb is abducted and the shank allows the joint ot extend and flex which is based on the Caudofemoralis. Lastly the trapezius in a domestic cat, there are 3 thin and flat muscles that shield the back and the neck in which pull the scapula toward the mid-dorsal line. The 3 main trapezius muscles are called the clavotrapezius, Acromiotrapezus, and lastly the spinotrapezius. Clavotrapezius is the anterior and largest muscle and draws the clavical dorsally and towards the skull. Acromiotrapezuis and spinotrapezius covers the dorsal and lateral surfaces and draws the scapula to be dorsal and holds the scapula together. Spinotrapezius is the most posterior and draes the scapula to the dorsal and caudal region of the domestic cat.

Intro
Note: I still need to figure out how to organize the sources to make them match the original wiki page

The anatomy of the domestic cat is similar to that of other members of the genus Felis. The domesticated cat is said to first appear in ancient Egypt about 8,000 years ago. Although cats share many common anatomical features with humans, as well as many other mammals, they are natural predators, hunters, and they have many specialized attributes, such as their jaws, skulls, mouths, and digestive system (original page source19 & 20). Although they do share many characteristics with other carnivorous mammals, their protractible claws, digitigrades, directional hearing  (original page source 1), and communication through odors, using their ultra sensitive noses  (original page source 3 & 4), help them when it comes to finding food the ideal food in their habitat. Although there are numerous different species of cats, much of their anatomy can be amongst all of them. CyahDade (talk) 09:16, 26 March 2021 (UTC)


 * 1) ^
 * 2) ^
 * 3) ^
 * 4) ^  Check date values in:   (help)
 * 5) ^
 * 6) ^

Peer review edit suggestions
There were a couple of different suggestions from last weeks reviews that would help me a lot. I have decided to make a bullet point list to keep my thoughts in order.

CyahDade (talk) 17:05, 14 April 2021 (UTC)
 * Add the in-text citations as links (figure out how to re-orgnaize the new sources with the old sources, check goals sheet for how to)
 * potentially add reference to the second sentence
 * find a new, more helpful image for the intro section
 * potentially help Ashley with finding images for her section
 * do some different re-wording (listed below)
 * revisit the last 2 sentences for better flow
 * review this sentences "... with humans and other mammals..."
 * review this sentences "Cats share many... such as their protractible... and communication through odors."
 * clarify “Although there are numerous different species of cats, much of their anatomy can be amongst all of them”

Week 11: 2nd Draft
The anatomy of the domestic cat is similar to that of other members of the genus Felis. The domesticated cat is said to first appear in ancient Egypt about 8,000 years ago. Although cats share many common anatomical features with humans and many other mammals, they also have specific features that set them apart from the rest. As natural predators and hunters, they have many specialized attributes, such as their jaws, skulls, mouths, and digestive system. Many mutual characteristics can be seen amongst other carnivorous mammals, however, cat's unique combination of protractible claws, digitigrades, directional hearing, and communication through odors, using their ultra sensitive noses , differentiate themselves from the others. Although there are numerous different species of cats, much of their anatomy can be found amongst all of them. CyahDade (talk) 16:31, 30 April 2021 (UTC)

Legs
"Cats, like dogs, are digitigrades. They walk directly on their toes, with the bones of their feet making up the lower part of the visible leg. All cats are capable of walking very precisely. Like all felines, they directly register; that is, they place each hind paw almost directly in the print of the corresponding forepaw, minimizing noise and visible tracks.[citation needed] This also provides sure footing for their hind paws when they navigate rough terrain. The two back legs allow falling and leaping far distances without injury."

Edit: Cats are digitigrades, which means that they walk on their toes just like dogs and birds that are able to walk. The advantage of this is that cats (including other digitigrades) are able to walk much more quieter and quickly than other animals. Cats are also able to walk very precisely. Adult cats walk with a "four-beat gait" meaning that each foot does not step on the same spot as each other while they are walking. Whether they walk fast or slow, a cat's walk is considered symmetric because the right limbs imitate the position of the left limbs as they walk. A cat's gait can also be compared to a giraffe and camel, as they all walk in a symmetrical form as well.

Comment: Should I add information about cat's jumps, air righting and climbing? This information gets very specific in the [https://veteriankey.com/feline-locomotive-behavior/#:~:text=The%20life%20of%20a%20cat,eating%2C%20sleeping%2C%20and%20reproducing.&text=In%20this%20regard%2C%20the%20locomotor,as%20well%20as%20adequate%20rest. Veterian Key] article.

Response to Peer Reviews[edit]

 * 1) Edit sentence: “…able to walk much more quieter and quickly than other animals” to “…able to walk quieter and quicker than other animals”. Noah is right, my original sentence is a bit wordy so it is best to shorten it and make it concise.
 * 2) Change the digitigrade wikipedia article source since that may not be a reliable source. I used it originally because the Cat article had initially used it as well.
 * 3) Find another source to replace "14 Fun Facts about Cats", as it may not be as reliable.
 * 4) Think about adding an image. This image could show the cat's gait since it is easier to visualize than to explain. Or potentially show the cat's walking on their nails to be exact.

MariaBenitezC 10:14, 15 April 2021 (UTC)

Draft after peer reviews (Final)
Cats are digitigrades, which means that they walk on their toes just like dogs. The advantage of this is that cats (including other digitigrades) are able to walk more quieter and quickly than other animals. This is because all animals usually have ground reaction forces (GRFs) at around two to three times their body weight per limb, so digitigrades move quickly than other animals with their footpads as they have larger ground reaction forces that as high as six times their body weight. Speed in locomotion is also controlled by spinals levels due to sensory feedback from the peripheral system, this is because stride length and step length of a cat's gait becomes a component of speed and is consistent with the placement of hind paw contact.

Cats are also able to walk very precisely. Adult cats walk with a "four-beat gait" meaning that each foot does not step on the same spot as each other while they are walking. Whether they walk fast or slow, a cat's walk is considered symmetric because the right limbs imitate the position of the left limbs as they walk. This type of locomotion provides sense of touch on all four paws that are necessary for precise coordination.

The Cat's vertebrae of the spinal column is held by are held by muscles rather than ligaments like humans. This contributes to the cat's elasticity and ability to elongate and contract their back by curving it upwards or oscillating it along their vertebral line. Cats are also able to jump from larger heights without serious injury due to the efficient performance in their limbs and ability to attenuate impact forces. In this case, hindlimbs play a greater role than forelimbs in absorbing shock and energy when jumping from surface to surface, specifically elbow and hip muscle groups.

Draft: Cindy Ocotlan-Garcia
* Something to note: my resource says there are five types of papillae but the attached image to this wikipedia article points to only 4?

Mouth


Cats have highly specialized teeth for killing prey and tearing meat. There are 4 types of permanent dentition teeth that structure the mouth: incisors, canines, premolars and molars. Modern carnivore cats have a premolar and first molar located on each side of the mouth that together are called the carnassial pair. These teeth efficiently function to shear meat like a pair of scissors. While this feature is present in canids, it is highly developed in felines. The incisors located in the front section of the lower and upper mouth are small, narrow, and have a single root.

A cat also has a deciduous dentation prior to the formation of the permanent dentition. This dentation emerges seven days after birth and it is composed of 26 teeth with slight differences. The mouth will have smaller incisors, slender and strongly curved upper canines, vertical lower canines and even smaller upper and lower molars.

The cat's tongue has 5 types of sharp spines, or papillae, useful for retaining and ripping flesh from a carcass. The 5 papillae filiform, fungiform, foliate, vallate and conical are small backward-facing hooks that contain keratin, and also assist in their grooming. The papillae also help hold water on the tongue while drinking. .

The cat's oral structures provide for a variety of vocalizations used for communication, including meowing, purring, hissing, growling, squeaking, chirping, clicking, and grunting.

References:

 * 1) Mallot, Hanspeter A. Computational vision: information processing in perception and visual behaviour. MIT Press, 2000.
 * 2) http://co4h.colostate.edu/statefair/WashingtonStateCatProjectUnit3.pdf
 * 3) Sebastiani, Aurora M., and Dale W. Fishbeck. Mammalian Anatomy: the Cat. Morton Pub. Co., 2005.
 * 4) Done, Stanley, and Peter Goody. Color Atlas of Veterinary Anatomy. Vol. 3, Elsevier, 2009.

Peer review: Blake
Comment: "Mouth" This section is interesting and has a lot of nice facts. I would make sure that all references are cited within text where it is needed.

Reply: I will be reviewing the section and adding more citation even to for the facts that were originally already there and had no citations, depending on whether I can find where the information originally came from

Peer review: Kelly
Comment: Mouth: This section looks good and that is odd that the number for papillae is contradicting. I would just do more research and trust the most reliable source.

Reply: According to Dr.Schutz, my resource is really reliable, I just have to re-read the information because I might be missing some important points about the papillae.

Noah McGoff – Peer Review
Comment:

- I see that you have edited and added to the ‘Mouth’ section, but it would be beneficial to the reviewer if you also included the ‘old’ or ‘original’ section in your draft so that is easier to compare what changes you have made.

- In the third paragraph, I believe the sentence “The papillae also help hold water on the tongue for drinking” could use a citation as it seems this information was taken from another source.

- Similar to the above comment, I also think that the sentence that makes up the short fourth paragraph regarding oral structures and vocalizations also needs a citation.

- This section was really easy to read, and the flow was great. Each sentence shifted from one idea to another in an order that made sense to properly convey the topic of the paragraph and overall section.

- All the content appears to be written in a neutral tone, and once the couple of citations are presented (mentioned in comments 2 and 3) there should be no plagiarism present.

- The addition of the second paragraph regarding dentation and dentition was a very worthy addition and really helped make this section better.

- Overall, wonderful job!

Reply: I will be adjusting my draft so my edits will be more visible for the reader! I might consider underlining or italics. The third paragraph sentence was information already in this article so I will try and figure out what source it came from or delete it!

Original: Mouth


Cats have highly specialized teeth for killing prey and tearing meat. The premolar and first molar, together called the carnassial pair, are located on each side of the mouth. These teeth efficiently function to shear meat like a pair of scissors. While this feature is present in canids, it is highly developed in felines.

The cat's tongue has sharp spines, or papillae, useful for retaining and ripping flesh from a carcass. These papillae are small backward-facing hooks that contain keratin, and also assist in their grooming. The papillae also help hold water on the tongue while drinking.

The cat's oral structures provide for a variety of vocalizations used for communication, including meowing, purring, hissing, growling, squeaking, chirping, clicking, and grunting.

Permanent dentition teeth:
Cats are carnivores that have highly specialized teeth. There are four types of permanent dentition teeth that structure the mouth: twelve incisors, four canines, ten premolars and four molars. Modern carnivore cats have a premolar and first molar located on each side of the mouth that together are called the carnassial pair. The carnassial pair specialize in cutting food and are parallel to the jaw. The incisors located in the front section of the lower and upper mouth are small, narrow, and have a single root. These are used for grasping and biting food.

Deciduous dentition teeth:
A cat also has a deciduous dentition prior to the formation of the permanent one. This dentition emerges seven days after birth and it is composed of 26 teeth with slight differences. The mouth will have smaller incisors, slender and strongly curved upper canines, vertical lower canines, and even smaller upper and lower molars. Although the upper and lower molars are smaller than the ones that arise during permanent dentition, the similarities are striking.

Tongue:
The cat's tongue is covered in a mucous membrane and has 5 types of sharp spines, or papillae. The 5 papillae filiform, fungiform, foliate, vallate, and conical are small backward-facing hooks that contain keratin. Cats use their tongue as scent tasters and it's longitudinal, transverse, and vertical muscles aid in movement.