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Ten weeks following the Birmingham campaign (April 3, 1963 – May 10, 1963) the Justice Department documented 758 demonstrations across the nation. Throughout the summer, there were 13,786 arrests or demonstrations in 75 cities of the 11 southern states.^[1] ^[2]

This is a list of campaigns that are part of the Civil Rights Movement.

Campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement by organization[edit]

List of NAACP campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement
- Campaign against school segregation
  - Grade school desegregation
  - College desegregation
- Double V campaign
- Resistance to Anti-NAACP laws
List of CORE campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement
- Route 40 campaign
- Freedom Highways campaign
- CORE/SNCC Freedom Rides
- Operation Bootstrap
List of SCLC campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement
- Crusade for Citizenship
- Operation Breadbasket
- SCOPE Project
- People to People tour
- SNCC/SCLC ASCS election campaigns
- Highlander/SCLC Citizenship Education Program^[3]
List of SNCC campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement
- CORE/SNCC Freedom Rides
- SNCC/SCLC ASCS election campaigns
  - Southwest Georgia Voter Registration Project (Southwest Georgia Project)
List of COFO campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement
- Freedom Summer: June 1964 –
List of Highlander campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement
- Highlander/SCLC Citizenship Education Program^[3]

Southern region[edit]

* denotes locations that required the presence of federal troops.
Southern campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement

Multi-state
- CORE Route 40 campaign
- CORE/NAACP Freedom Highways campaign
  - Raleigh
  - Durham
  - Burlington
  - Greensboro
  - Statesville
- CORE/SNCC Freedom Rides
- NAACP campaign against school segregation
  - Grade school desegregation
  - College/University desegregation
- NAACP Double V campaign
- NAACP resistance to Anti-NAACP laws
- SCLC Crusade for Citizenship
- SCLC Operation Breadbasket
- Highlander/SCLC Citizenship Education Program^[3]
- SCLC SCOPE Project
- SNCC/SCLC ASCS election campaigns
- Sit-in movement 1960-62
- March Against Fear
- Voter Education Project

Alabama:
- Multi-county
  - Selma to Montgomery marches: March 7–25, 1965
  - Black belt movement
  - Alabama Voting Rights Project
- Anniston movement
- Birmingham movement*^[4]
- Dothan movement
- Gadsden movement
- Huntsville movement*^[4]
- Mobile movement*^[4]
- Montgomery movement
- Selma and Marion movement (Selma–Marion movement)
- Tuscaloosa movement
- Tuskegee movement*^[4]

Arkansas

Delaware:
- Newark movement

Florida:
- Multi-county
  - CORE Freedom Highways campaign 1962
- Cocoa movement:
- Daytona Beach movement:
- Gainesville movement:
- Jacksonville movement
- Lakeland movement:
- Miami Beach movement:
- Miami movement:
- Ocala movement:
- Pensacola movement:
- St. Augustine movement: 1963–1964
  - St. Augustine school desegregation crisis
  - St. Augustine sit-ins
  - Woolworths sit-in: July 18, 1963
  - St. Augustine night marches
  - St. Augustine slave market protest
  - St. Augustine selective buying campaign:
  - 1964 Monson Motor Lodge protests
  - Monson Motor Lodge swimming pool incident
  - Quadricentennial Celebration protest
- St. Petersburg movement
- Sarasota movement
- Tallahassee movement: 1963–1964
- Tampa movement
- Winter Haven movement

Georgia:
- Multi-county
  - Southwest Georgia voting rights campaign 1961-
- Albany movement
- Americus movement
- Athens movement
- Atlanta movement
- Augusta movement
- Brunswick movement
- Columbus movement
- Crawfordville movement
- Decatur movement
- Fitzgerald movement
- Macon movement
- Rome movement
- Savannah movement*^[4]
- Valdosta movement

Kentucky:

Louisiana:

Maryland:
- Multi-county
  - Maryland Eastern Shore Project
    - Chestertown
    - Princess Anne
    - Salisbury
    - Easton
    - Cambridge
- Baltimore movement
- Cambridge movement → Cambridge movement

Mississippi:
- Multi-county
  - Delta voter registration campaigns 1962-65
    - LeFlore county (Greenwood)
    - Holmes county
    - Carroll county
    - Tallahatchie county
    - Sunflower county
    - Humphreys county
  - Freedom Summer: June 1964 –
  - Southwest Mississippi voter registration campaign
- Biloxi movement
- Clarksdale movement
- Greenville movement
- Greenwood movement
- Grenada movement
- Hattiesburg movement
- Jackson movement
- McComb movement
- Natchez movement
- Ruleville movement
- University of Mississippi desegregation crisis: 1962

North Carolina:
- Multi-county
  - CORE Freedom Highways campaign 1962
- Asheville movement
- Chapel Hill movement
- Charlotte movement
- Concord movement
- Dunn movement
- Durham movement
- Edenton movement
- Elizabeth City movement
- Enfield movement
- Fayetteville movement
- Goldsboro movement
- Greensboro movement
- High Point movement
- Lexington movement
- Monroe movement: 1957-1961
- Mount Airy movement
- New Bern movement
- Oxford movement
- Raleigh movement
- Statesville movement
- Thomasville movement
- Wadesboro movement
- Williamston movement
- Wilmington movement
- Winston-Salem movement

Oklahoma:
- Oklahoma City movement
- Tulsa movement

South Carolina:
- Charleston movement*^[4]
- Columbia movement
- Conway and Myrtle Beach movement (Conway–Myrtle Beach movement)
- Florence and Darlington movement (Florence–Darlington movement)
- Greenville movement
- Orangeburg movement
- Rock Hill movement
- Spartanburg movement
- Sumter movement

Tennessee:
- Multi-county
  - Tent City
    - Fayette County voter registration campaign
    - Haywood County voter registration campaign
- Brownsville movement:
- Chattanooga movement:
- Clarksville movement:
- Humboldt movement:
- Jackson movement:
- Knoxville movement:
- Memphis movement:
- Nashville movement
- Oak Ridge movement
- Somerville movement
- Clinton High School desegregation crisis

Texas:
- Austin movement
- Dallas movement
- Denton movement
- Houston movement
- Mansfield school desegregation incident: 1956–1965

Virginia:

Washington, D.C.
- Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom: May 17, 1957
- March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom: August 28, 1963
- Poor People's Campaign: May 12 – June 24, 1968
- Youth March for Integrated Schools: October 25, 1958
- Youth March for Integrated Schools: April 18, 1959

West Virginia:

Midwestern region[edit]

Midwestern campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement

Northeastern region[edit]

Northeastern campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement

Connecticut:

Maine:

Massachusetts:
- Boston busing desegregation crisis

New Hampshire:

New Jersey:
- Newark movement
- Englewood movement

New York:
- New York City movement
  - Brooklyn movement
  - Hempstead movement
- Rochester movement

Pennsylvania:
- Philadelphia movement
- Pittsburgh movement

Rhode Island:

Vermont:

Western region[edit]

Western campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement

U.S. Territories[edit]

Campaigns in the U.S. Territories during the Civil Rights Movement

American Samoa:

Guam:

Northern Mariana Islands:

Puerto Rico:

U.S. Virgin Islands:

References[edit]

^
Scholarly sources for statement:
- White, Theodore H. (1964). "Freedom Now — The Negro Revolution". The Making of the President 1964 (2010 ed.). Harper Collins. pp. 170–199. ISBN 9780062024954. The massive Birmingham protest had triggered demonstrations all across the nation, and, like firecrackers, one popping off the next, all through May and June of 1963, Negroes took to the streets. The National Guard patrolled Cambridge, Maryland; in Jacksonville, Florida, the police cleared demonstrations with tear gas; in Memphis, Tennessee, the city fathers closed the municipal pool. And everywhere from Baton Rouge, Louisiana, to Charlottesville, Virginia, students manned the lunch-counter front.
  The turbulence spread north: in Sacramento, Negroes sat-in at the State Capitol; in Detroit they invaded City Hall and demanded the city fire its chief of police and subject him to criminal trial; in New York, Negro activists dumped garbage on City Hall Plaza; in Philadelphia they clashed with police at a construction site; in Chicago, at a cemetery that refused to bury Negroes. In the ten weeks following the Birmingham uprising, the Department of Justice counted 758 demonstrations across the nation; during the course of the summer, there were 13,786 arrests of demonstrators in seventy-five cities of the eleven Southern states alone.
- Jackson, Thomas F. (2013). From Civil Rights to Human Rights: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Struggle for Economic Justice. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 165–167. ISBN 9780812200003.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
- Klinkner, Philip A.; Smith, Rogers M. (1999). The Unsteady March: The Rise and Decline of Racial Equality in America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 267. ISBN 9780226443393.
- Bloom, Jack M. (1987). Class, Race, and the Civil Rights Movement. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. pp. 177–178. ISBN 9780253204073.
- Walker, Samuel (2012). Presidents and Civil Liberties from Wilson to Obama: A Story of Poor Custodians. Cambridge University Press. p. 217. ISBN 9781107379244. An August Justice Department memo listed 978 civil rights demonstrations across the country between late May and early August.
- Euchner, Charles (2010). Nobody Turn Me Around: A People's History of the 1963 March on Washington. Beacon Press. ISBN 9780807095522. To track the civil rights wildfire, the Justice Department created a poster with a grid of activities across the country. "We didn't want to rely on the alarmist statistics produced by the FBI," said John Noland, a Justice Department lawyer.
- Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. (2007). Journals: 1952-2000. Penguin. ISBN 9781101202647. My guess is that May-June 1963 will go down in history as the great turning point in the fight for Negro equality. There has been nothing like it in the way of spontaneous mass democracy in this county since the surge of labor organization in the summer of 1937.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- McAdam, Doug (December 1983). "Tactical Innovation and the Pace of Insurgency" (PDF). American Sociological Review. 48 (6): 735–754.
^
Government sources for statement:
- United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: Memoranda based on FBI reports, July 1963". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 130. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
- United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: Memoranda based on FBI reports, August 1963 (1 of 2 folders)". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 82. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
- United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: Memoranda based on FBI reports, August 1963 (2 of 2 folders)". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 72. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
- United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: Memoranda based on FBI reports, September 1963". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 97. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
- United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: General, 1963: May-June". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 80. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
- United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: General, 1963: July-August". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 127. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
- United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: General, 1963: September-December and undated". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 131. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
- United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: Chronology, 1963: June-September". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 139. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
- United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: Chronology, October 1963-April 1964 and undated". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 100. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
^ ^a ^b ^c Cotton, Dorothy (2012). If Your Back's Not Bent: The Role of the Citizenship Education Program in the Civil Rights Movement. New York: Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9781439187425.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Scheips, pp. 161.

Bibliography[edit]

Scheips, Paul J. (2005). The Role of Federal Military Forces in Domestic Disorders, 1945-1992. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, U.S. Army.

External links[edit]

"Mapping American Social Movements". University of Washington. Retrieved 1 January 2017.

[1] Scholarly sources for statement:
White, Theodore H. (1964). "Freedom Now — The Negro Revolution". The Making of the President 1964 (2010 ed.). Harper Collins. pp. 170–199. ISBN 9780062024954. The massive Birmingham protest had triggered demonstrations all across the nation, and, like firecrackers, one popping off the next, all through May and June of 1963, Negroes took to the streets. The National Guard patrolled Cambridge, Maryland; in Jacksonville, Florida, the police cleared demonstrations with tear gas; in Memphis, Tennessee, the city fathers closed the municipal pool. And everywhere from Baton Rouge, Louisiana, to Charlottesville, Virginia, students manned the lunch-counter front.
The turbulence spread north: in Sacramento, Negroes sat-in at the State Capitol; in Detroit they invaded City Hall and demanded the city fire its chief of police and subject him to criminal trial; in New York, Negro activists dumped garbage on City Hall Plaza; in Philadelphia they clashed with police at a construction site; in Chicago, at a cemetery that refused to bury Negroes. In the ten weeks following the Birmingham uprising, the Department of Justice counted 758 demonstrations across the nation; during the course of the summer, there were 13,786 arrests of demonstrators in seventy-five cities of the eleven Southern states alone.

Jackson, Thomas F. (2013). From Civil Rights to Human Rights: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Struggle for Economic Justice. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 165–167. ISBN 9780812200003.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

Klinkner, Philip A.; Smith, Rogers M. (1999). The Unsteady March: The Rise and Decline of Racial Equality in America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 267. ISBN 9780226443393.

Bloom, Jack M. (1987). Class, Race, and the Civil Rights Movement. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. pp. 177–178. ISBN 9780253204073.

Walker, Samuel (2012). Presidents and Civil Liberties from Wilson to Obama: A Story of Poor Custodians. Cambridge University Press. p. 217. ISBN 9781107379244. An August Justice Department memo listed 978 civil rights demonstrations across the country between late May and early August.

Euchner, Charles (2010). Nobody Turn Me Around: A People's History of the 1963 March on Washington. Beacon Press. ISBN 9780807095522. To track the civil rights wildfire, the Justice Department created a poster with a grid of activities across the country. "We didn't want to rely on the alarmist statistics produced by the FBI," said John Noland, a Justice Department lawyer.

Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. (2007). Journals: 1952-2000. Penguin. ISBN 9781101202647. My guess is that May-June 1963 will go down in history as the great turning point in the fight for Negro equality. There has been nothing like it in the way of spontaneous mass democracy in this county since the surge of labor organization in the summer of 1937.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

McAdam, Doug (December 1983). "Tactical Innovation and the Pace of Insurgency" (PDF). American Sociological Review. 48 (6): 735–754.

[2] White, Theodore H. (1964). "Freedom Now — The Negro Revolution". The Making of the President 1964 (2010 ed.). Harper Collins. pp. 170–199. ISBN 9780062024954. The massive Birmingham protest had triggered demonstrations all across the nation, and, like firecrackers, one popping off the next, all through May and June of 1963, Negroes took to the streets. The National Guard patrolled Cambridge, Maryland; in Jacksonville, Florida, the police cleared demonstrations with tear gas; in Memphis, Tennessee, the city fathers closed the municipal pool. And everywhere from Baton Rouge, Louisiana, to Charlottesville, Virginia, students manned the lunch-counter front.
The turbulence spread north: in Sacramento, Negroes sat-in at the State Capitol; in Detroit they invaded City Hall and demanded the city fire its chief of police and subject him to criminal trial; in New York, Negro activists dumped garbage on City Hall Plaza; in Philadelphia they clashed with police at a construction site; in Chicago, at a cemetery that refused to bury Negroes. In the ten weeks following the Birmingham uprising, the Department of Justice counted 758 demonstrations across the nation; during the course of the summer, there were 13,786 arrests of demonstrators in seventy-five cities of the eleven Southern states alone.

[3] Jackson, Thomas F. (2013). From Civil Rights to Human Rights: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Struggle for Economic Justice. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 165–167. ISBN 9780812200003.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[4] Klinkner, Philip A.; Smith, Rogers M. (1999). The Unsteady March: The Rise and Decline of Racial Equality in America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 267. ISBN 9780226443393.

[5] Bloom, Jack M. (1987). Class, Race, and the Civil Rights Movement. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press. pp. 177–178. ISBN 9780253204073.

[6] Walker, Samuel (2012). Presidents and Civil Liberties from Wilson to Obama: A Story of Poor Custodians. Cambridge University Press. p. 217. ISBN 9781107379244. An August Justice Department memo listed 978 civil rights demonstrations across the country between late May and early August.

[7] Euchner, Charles (2010). Nobody Turn Me Around: A People's History of the 1963 March on Washington. Beacon Press. ISBN 9780807095522. To track the civil rights wildfire, the Justice Department created a poster with a grid of activities across the country. "We didn't want to rely on the alarmist statistics produced by the FBI," said John Noland, a Justice Department lawyer.

[8] Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. (2007). Journals: 1952-2000. Penguin. ISBN 9781101202647. My guess is that May-June 1963 will go down in history as the great turning point in the fight for Negro equality. There has been nothing like it in the way of spontaneous mass democracy in this county since the surge of labor organization in the summer of 1937.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[9] McAdam, Doug (December 1983). "Tactical Innovation and the Pace of Insurgency" (PDF). American Sociological Review. 48 (6): 735–754.

[2] Government sources for statement:
United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: Memoranda based on FBI reports, July 1963". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 130. Retrieved 25 December 2016.

United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: Memoranda based on FBI reports, August 1963 (1 of 2 folders)". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 82. Retrieved 25 December 2016.

United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: Memoranda based on FBI reports, August 1963 (2 of 2 folders)". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 72. Retrieved 25 December 2016.

United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: Memoranda based on FBI reports, September 1963". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 97. Retrieved 25 December 2016.

United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: General, 1963: May-June". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 80. Retrieved 25 December 2016.

United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: General, 1963: July-August". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 127. Retrieved 25 December 2016.

United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: General, 1963: September-December and undated". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 131. Retrieved 25 December 2016.

United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: Chronology, 1963: June-September". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 139. Retrieved 25 December 2016.

United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: Chronology, October 1963-April 1964 and undated". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 100. Retrieved 25 December 2016.

[11] United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: Memoranda based on FBI reports, July 1963". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 130. Retrieved 25 December 2016.

[12] United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: Memoranda based on FBI reports, August 1963 (1 of 2 folders)". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 82. Retrieved 25 December 2016.

[13] United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: Memoranda based on FBI reports, August 1963 (2 of 2 folders)". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 72. Retrieved 25 December 2016.

[14] United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: Memoranda based on FBI reports, September 1963". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 97. Retrieved 25 December 2016.

[15] United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: General, 1963: May-June". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 80. Retrieved 25 December 2016.

[16] United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: General, 1963: July-August". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 127. Retrieved 25 December 2016.

[17] United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: General, 1963: September-December and undated". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 131. Retrieved 25 December 2016.

[18] United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: Chronology, 1963: June-September". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 139. Retrieved 25 December 2016.

[19] United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division. "Demonstrations: Chronology, October 1963-April 1964 and undated". John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. p. 100. Retrieved 25 December 2016.

[Cotton-3] Cotton, Dorothy (2012). If Your Back's Not Bent: The Role of the Citizenship Education Program in the Civil Rights Movement. New York: Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9781439187425.

[FOOTNOTEScheips161-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Scheips, pp. 161.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]