1809 in Scotland

Events from the year 1809 in Scotland.

Law officers

 * Lord Advocate – Archibald Colquhoun
 * Solicitor General for Scotland – David Boyle

Judiciary

 * Lord President of the Court of Session – Lord Avontoun
 * Lord Justice General – The Duke of Montrose
 * Lord Justice Clerk – Lord Granton

Events

 * c. April – the General Association of Operative Weavers is formed.
 * May – a construction railway at the site of Bell Rock Lighthouse is completed.
 * August – Crinan Canal declared "finally complete".
 * 16 August – Meikle Ferry disaster: An overloaded ferry crossing the Dornoch Firth to Tain market sinks, drowning 99.
 * November – Thomas Telford certifies completion of his Dunkeld–Birnam bridge. His bridges at Ballater and Conon Bridge are also completed this year.
 * 11 November – the North British and Mercantile Insurance company commences business as a fire insurance office in Edinburgh.
 * 9 December – the Dumfries Courier is established as a weekly newspaper in Annan by Rev. Dr. Henry Duncan as The Dumfries and Galloway Courier.
 * Highland Clearances – first commissioner for clearance of the Leveson-Gower family estates in Scotland for sheep farming, William Young, is appointed.
 * The Tally Toor, a Martello tower, is erected off Leith.
 * A bridge over the River Cart is washed away in a flood.
 * Blackie and Son, publishers, are established in Glasgow by John Blackie as Blackie, Fullarton and Company.
 * The Scottish Bible Society is established as the Edinburgh Bible Society, a missionary organization, by Christopher Anderson.
 * The Caledonian Horticultural Society is established in Edinburgh.
 * Arthur Edmondston's A View of the Ancient and Present State of the Zetland Islands is published.

Births

 * 16 February – John Laing, bibliographer and Free Church minister (died 1880)
 * 20 April – James David Forbes, physicist, glaciologist and seismologist (died 1868 in Bristol)
 * 7 June – William Forbes Skene, historian (died 1892)
 * 22 August – John Hill Burton, historian (died 1881)
 * 27 August – John West, pioneer of food canning (died 1888 in the United States)
 * 8 September – Robert Reid Kalley, physician and Presbyterian missionary to the lusophone countries (died 1888)
 * 21 October – John Stenhouse, chemist (died 1880 in London)
 * 24 October – John Barr, poet (died 1889 in New Zealand)
 * 29 December – William Ewart Gladstone, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born in Liverpool; died 1898 in Wales)
 * Alexander Allan, locomotive engineer (died 1891 in England)
 * Archibald Campbell, born Douglas, laird (died 1868)

Deaths

 * 14 January – Robert Anstruther, British Army general (born 1768; died on active service at Corunna)
 * 16 January – John Moore, British Army general (born 1761; killed in Battle of Corunna)
 * 24 January – James Duff, 2nd Earl Fife (born 1729; died in London)
 * 25 February – John Murray, 4th Earl of Dunmore, colonial governor (born 1730; died in Ramsgate)
 * 10 May – Andrew Bell, engraver, co-founder of the Encyclopædia Britannica (born 1726)
 * 3 August – Andrew Mackay, mathematician (born 1760; died in London)
 * 29 August – Robert Melvill, British Army general and antiquary (born 1723)
 * 8 October – James Elphinston, philologist (born 1721; died in London)
 * 18 December – Alexander Adam, classical scholar (born 1741)
 * Sir William Douglas, 1st Baronet, landowner and industrialist