Outline of Indonesia



The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Indonesia:

Indonesia – sovereign island nation located in Southeast Asia comprising more than 17,000 islands of the Maritime Southeast Asia.

General reference

 * Pronunciation:
 * Common English country name: Indonesia
 * Official English country name: The Republic of Indonesia
 * Common endonym(s): Indonesia
 * Official endonym(s): Republik Indonesia
 * Adjectival(s): Indonesian
 * Etymology: Names of Indonesia
 * International rankings of Indonesia
 * Largest archipelagic state
 * Fourth most populous country
 * Fifteenth largest country
 * ISO country codes: ID, IDN, 360
 * ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:ID
 * Internet country code top-level domain: .id
 * ISD: +62

Geography of Indonesia



 * Indonesia is: an equatorial megadiverse island country
 * Location:
 * Eastern Hemisphere, on the Equator
 * Eurasia (though not on the mainland)
 * Asia
 * Southeast Asia
 * Maritime Southeast Asia
 * Oceania (part of New Guinea)
 * Between:
 * Indian Ocean
 * Pacific Ocean
 * Time zones:
 * East Indonesian Time (UTC+09)
 * Central Indonesian Time (UTC+08)
 * West Indonesian Time (UTC+07)
 * Extreme points of Indonesia
 * High: Puncak Jaya on New Guinea 4884 m – highest point on any ocean island
 * Low: Indian Ocean 0 m
 * Land boundaries
 * 🇲🇾 Malaysia
 * 🇵🇬 Papua New Guinea
 * East Timor


 * Territorial waters of Indonesia
 * Population of Indonesia
 * Area of Indonesia
 * Armorial of Indonesia
 * Atlas of Indonesia

Environment of Indonesia



 * Climate of Indonesia
 * Environmental issues in Indonesia
 * Deforestation in Indonesia
 * Ecoregions in Indonesia
 * Geology of Indonesia
 * Geology of Indonesia book (under preparation)
 * Earthquakes in Indonesia
 * Biosphere reserves in Indonesia
 * National parks of Indonesia
 * Volcanology of Indonesia
 * Wildlife of Indonesia
 * Flora of Indonesia
 * Fauna of Indonesia
 * Birds of Indonesia
 * Endemic birds of Indonesia
 * Mammals of Indonesia

Natural geographic features of Indonesia

 * Beaches in Indonesia
 * Glaciers of Indonesia
 * Islands of Indonesia
 * Sumatra Island – also spelled Sumatera, the sixth largest island in the world, largest island entirely in Indonesia
 * Borneo Island – known locally as Kalimantan, the third largest island in the world
 * New Guinea Island – also spelled Nugini, known locally as Papua, the second largest island in the world
 * Java Island – the most densely populated island in the world, the thirteenth largest island in the world
 * Celebes Island – known locally as Sulawesi, the eleventh largest island in the world
 * Lakes of Indonesia
 * Rivers of Indonesia
 * Volcanoes in Indonesia
 * List of World Heritage Sites in Indonesia

Administrative divisions of Indonesia

 * 38 provinces of Indonesia (including six special autonomous provinces)
 * 98 cities of Indonesia (including five special administrative cities)
 * 415 regencies of Indonesia (including one special administrative regency)
 * 7,252 districts of Indonesia
 * 8,488 urban villages of Indonesia
 * 74,953 rural villages of Indonesia

Provinces of Indonesia
The provinces of Indonesia and their capitals, arranged by island or island group, are:

(Indonesian name in brackets where different from English)

† indicates provinces with Special Status


 * Sumatra
 * Aceh† - Banda Aceh
 * North Sumatra (Sumatera Utara) - Medan
 * West Sumatra (Sumatera Barat) - Padang
 * Riau - Pekanbaru
 * Riau Islands (Kepulauan Riau) - Tanjung Pinang
 * Jambi - Jambi (city)
 * South Sumatra (Sumatera Selatan) - Palembang
 * Bangka Belitung Islands (Kepulauan Bangka Belitung) - Pangkal Pinang
 * Bengkulu - Bengkulu (city)
 * Lampung - Bandar Lampung
 * Java
 * Jakarta† - Jakarta
 * Banten - Serang
 * West Java (Jawa Barat) - Bandung
 * Central Java (Jawa Tengah) - Semarang
 * Special Region of Yogyakarta† (Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta) - Yogyakarta (city)
 * East Java (Jawa Timur) - Surabaya
 * Lesser Sunda Islands
 * Bali - Denpasar
 * West Nusa Tenggara (Nusa Tenggara Barat) - Mataram
 * East Nusa Tenggara (Nusa Tenggara Timur) - Kupang
 * Kalimantan
 * West Kalimantan (Kalimantan Barat) - Pontianak
 * Central Kalimantan (Kalimantan Tengah) - Palangka Raya
 * South Kalimantan (Kalimantan Selatan) - Banjarmasin
 * East Kalimantan (Kalimantan Timur) - Samarinda
 * North Kalimantan (Kalimantan Utara) - Tanjung Selor
 * Sulawesi
 * North Sulawesi (Sulawesi Utara) - Manado
 * Gorontalo - Gorontalo (city)
 * Central Sulawesi (Sulawesi Tengah) - Palu
 * West Sulawesi (Sulawesi Barat) - Mamuju
 * South Sulawesi (Sulawesi Selatan) - Makassar
 * Southeast Sulawesi (Sulawesi Tenggara) - Kendari
 * Maluku Islands
 * Maluku - Ambon
 * North Maluku (Maluku Utara) - Sofifi
 * Papua
 * West Papua† (Papua Barat) - Manokwari
 * Central Papua† (Papua Tengah) - Wanggar
 * South Papua† (Papua Selatan) - Salor
 * Southwest Papua† (Papua Barat Daya) - Sorong
 * Highland Papua† (Papua Pegunungan) - Jayawijaya
 * Papua† - Jayapura

Cities of Indonesia

 * Capital of Indonesia: Jakarta

Demography of Indonesia

 * Ethnic groups in Indonesia
 * Urbanization in Indonesia
 * Women in Indonesia

Prehistoric Indonesia

 * Java Man
 * Flores Man
 * Toba eruption
 * Buni culture

Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms

 * Srivijaya (3rd–14th century)
 * Tarumanagara (358–723)
 * Sailendra (8th–9th century)
 * Kingdom of Sunda (669–1579)
 * Kingdom of Mataram (752–1045)
 * Pagaruyung Kingdom (1347–1833)
 * Kediri (1045–1221)
 * Singhasari (1222–1292)
 * Majapahit (1293–1500)

Islamic sultanates

 * Ternate Sultanate (1257–1914)
 * Malacca Sultanate (1400–1511)
 * Cirebon Sultanate (1445–1677)
 * Sultanate of Demak (1475–1518)
 * Aceh Sultanate (1496–1903)
 * Pagaruyung Kingdom (1500-1825)
 * Johor-Riau Sultanate (1511-1911)
 * Banten Sultanate (1526–1813)
 * Mataram Sultanate (16th century to 18th century)

Christian kingdoms

 * Kingdom of Larantuka (1515–1904)
 * Kingdom of Bolaang Mongondow (1670–1950)

Chinese kongsi republics

 * Kengwei Republic (1776–1854)
 * Lanfang Republic (1777–1884)
 * Santiaogou Republic (1777–1853)

European colonialism

 * Portuguese colonialism in Indonesia (1512–1850)
 * Dutch East India Company (1602–1800)
 * Dutch East Indies (1800–1942)
 * Anglo-Dutch Java War (1810–1811)
 * Padri War (1821–1837)
 * Java War (1825–1830)
 * Aceh War (1873–1904)
 * The Ethical Policy (1899–1942)

The emergence of Indonesia

 * National Awakening (1899–1942)
 * Japanese occupation (1942–1945)
 * Proclamation of Independence (1945)
 * National Revolution (1945–1950)
 * Emergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia

Independent Indonesia

 * Liberal Democracy (1950–1957)
 * Guided Democracy (1957–1965)
 * Start of the New Order (1965–1966)
 * The New Order (1966–1998)
 * Reformation Era (1998–present)

Government and politics of Indonesia

 * Form of government: presidential multi-party representative democratic republic
 * Capital of Indonesia: Jakarta
 * Corruption in Indonesia
 * Elections in Indonesia
 * Indonesian presidential elections
 * 2004
 * 2009
 * 2014
 * Indonesian parliamentary elections
 * 1955 (Sep)
 * 1955 (Dec)
 * 1971
 * 1977
 * 1982
 * 1987
 * 1992
 * 1997
 * 1999
 * 2004
 * 2009
 * 2014
 * Indonesian general elections
 * 2019
 * 2024
 * Political parties in Indonesia
 * Taxation in Indonesia
 * Terrorism in Indonesia

Executive branch

 * Head of state: President of Indonesia, Joko Widodo
 * Head of government: President of Indonesia, Joko Widodo
 * Vice President of Indonesia, Ma'ruf Amin
 * Cabinet of Indonesia

Legislative branch

 * People's Consultative Assembly (bicameral legislature)
 * Upper house: Regional Representative Council (lesser chamber)
 * Lower house: People's Representative Council

Judicial branch

 * Supreme Court of Indonesia
 * Constitutional Court of Indonesia
 * Judicial Commission of Indonesia

Foreign relations of Indonesia

 * Diplomatic missions in Indonesia
 * Diplomatic missions of Indonesia
 * Indonesian ambassadors
 * Embassy of Indonesia in Moscow
 * Embassy of Indonesia, London
 * Embassy of Indonesia, Ottawa
 * Embassy of Indonesia, Washington, D.C.
 * Embassy of Indonesia, Windhoek
 * Consulate General of Indonesia, Houston
 * CIA activities in Indonesia
 * Foreign aid to Indonesia

International organization membership
The Republic of Indonesia is a member of:


 * Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
 * Asia-Pacific Telecommunity (APT)
 * Asian Development Bank (ADB)
 * Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB)
 * Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
 * Bank for International Settlements (BIS)
 * Colombo Plan (CP)
 * Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO)
 * D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation (D-8)
 * East Asia Summit (EAS)
 * Financial Action Task Force (FATF)
 * Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
 * Forum of East Asia–Latin America Cooperation (FEALAC)
 * Group of 15 (G15)
 * Group of 20 (G20)
 * G20 developing nations
 * Group of 77 (G77)
 * Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA)
 * Indo-Pacific Economic Framework (IPEF)
 * International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
 * International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
 * International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
 * International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
 * International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol)
 * International Development Association (IDA)
 * International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)
 * International Finance Corporation (IFC)
 * International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
 * International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)
 * International Institute for the Unification of Private Law (UNIDROIT)
 * International Labour Organization (ILO)
 * International Maritime Organization (IMO)
 * International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO)
 * International Monetary Fund (IMF)
 * International Olympic Committee (IOC)
 * International Organization for Migration (IOM) (observer)
 * International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
 * International Paralympic Committee (IPC)
 * International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
 * International Seabed Authority (ISA)
 * International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO)
 * International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
 * International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC)
 * Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)
 * Islamic Development Bank (IDB)
 * Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)
 * Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
 * OPEC Fund for International Development (OPEC Fund)
 * Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)
 * Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
 * United Nations (UN)
 * United Nations–African Union Mission in Darfur (UNAMID)
 * United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
 * United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP)
 * United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
 * United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
 * United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL)
 * United Nations Iraq–Kuwait Observation Mission (UNIKOM)
 * United Nations Mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina (UNMIBH)
 * United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL)
 * United Nations Mission in the Sudan (UNMIS)
 * United Nations Mission of Observers in Prevlaka (UNMOP)
 * United Nations Mission of Observers in Tajikistan (UNMOT)
 * United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia (UNOMIG)
 * United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO)
 * Universal Postal Union (UPU)
 * World Confederation of Labour (WCL)
 * World Customs Organization (WCO)
 * World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)
 * World Health Organization (WHO)
 * World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
 * World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
 * World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
 * World Trade Organization (WTO)

Law of Indonesia

 * Atheism in Indonesian law
 * Blasphemy law in Indonesia
 * Cannabis in Indonesia
 * Constitution of Indonesia
 * Copyright law of Indonesia
 * Crime in Indonesia
 * Corruption in Indonesia
 * Human trafficking in Indonesia
 * Piracy in Indonesia
 * Massacres in Indonesia
 * Human rights in Indonesia
 * LGBT rights in Indonesia
 * Freedom of religion in Indonesia
 * Polygamy in Indonesia
 * Prostitution in Indonesia
 * Law enforcement in Indonesia
 * Patent office in Indonesia
 * Penal system in Indonesia
 * Indonesian prisoners and detainees
 * Capital punishment in Indonesia
 * Speed limits in Indonesia

Military of Indonesia

 * Command
 * Commander-in-chief: President of Indonesia, Joko Widodo
 * Commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces, Agus Subiyanto
 * Minister of Defence of Indonesia, Prabowo Subianto
 * Forces
 * Army of Indonesia
 * Navy of Indonesia
 * Air Force of Indonesia
 * Special forces of Indonesia
 * Military history of Indonesia
 * Military ranks of Indonesia

Culture of Indonesia

 * Architecture of Indonesia
 * Architecture of Sumatra
 * Balinese architecture
 * Candi of Indonesia
 * Colonial architecture of Indonesia
 * Mosque architecture in Indonesia
 * Rumah adat
 * Cuisine of Indonesia
 * Cultural properties of Indonesia
 * Customs of Indonesia
 * Etiquette in Indonesia
 * Freemasonry in Indonesia
 * Languages of Indonesia
 * Indonesian language
 * Endangered languages in Indonesia
 * Media in Indonesia
 * Magazines published in Indonesia
 * Newspapers in Indonesia
 * Mythology of Indonesia
 * National costume of Indonesia
 * National symbols of Indonesia
 * Coat of arms of Indonesia
 * Flag of Indonesia
 * National anthem of Indonesia: Indonesia Raya
 * People of Indonesia
 * Names in Indonesia
 * National Heroes of Indonesia
 * Ethnic groups in Indonesia
 * Philosophy of Indonesia
 * UFO sightings in Indonesia
 * Traditions of Indonesia
 * Festivals in Indonesia
 * Public holidays in Indonesia
 * List of World Heritage Sites in Indonesia

Art in Indonesia

 * Cinema of Indonesia
 * Indonesian films
 * Dance in Indonesia
 * Literature of Indonesia
 * Folklore of Indonesia
 * Music of Indonesia
 * Indonesian musicians and musical groups
 * Indonesian pop musicians
 * Museums and cultural institutions in Indonesia
 * National Museum of Indonesia
 * Painting of Indonesia
 * Theatre of Indonesia
 * Television in Indonesia

Religion in Indonesia

 * Buddhism in Indonesia
 * Candi of Indonesia
 * Christianity in Indonesia
 * Bible translations into the languages of Indonesia and Malaysia
 * Protestantism in Indonesia
 * Roman Catholicism in Indonesia
 * Church buildings in Indonesia
 * Cathedrals in Indonesia
 * Confucianism in Indonesia
 * Hinduism in Indonesia
 * Hindu temples in Indonesia
 * Islam in Indonesia
 * Spread of Islam in Indonesia
 * Ahmadiyya in Indonesia
 * Mosques in Indonesia
 * Judaism in Indonesia
 * Sikhism in Indonesia

Sports in Indonesia

 * Badminton Association of Indonesia
 * Football in Indonesia
 * Football Association of Indonesia
 * Football clubs in Indonesia
 * Football records in Indonesia
 * Women's football in Indonesia

Economy and infrastructure of Indonesia

 * Economic rank
 * Economic issues in Indonesia
 * Poverty in Indonesia
 * Agriculture in Indonesia
 * Aquaculture in Indonesia
 * Coconut production in Indonesia
 * Coffee production in Indonesia
 * Rice production in Indonesia
 * Banks in Indonesia
 * Bank Indonesia – the central bank of Indonesia
 * Communications in Indonesia
 * Internet in Indonesia
 * Telephone numbers in Indonesia
 * Television in Indonesia
 * Postage stamps and postal history of Indonesia
 * Postal codes in Indonesia
 * Companies of Indonesia
 * Currency of Indonesia: Rupiah
 * ISO 4217: IDR
 * Energy in Indonesia
 * Nuclear power in Indonesia
 * Renewable energy in Indonesia
 * Geothermal power in Indonesia
 * Health care in Indonesia
 * Indonesia Stock Exchange
 * Main infrastructure projects in Indonesia
 * Mines in Indonesia
 * Taxation in Indonesia
 * Tourism in Indonesia
 * List of shopping malls in Indonesia
 * Transport in Indonesia
 * Aviation in Indonesia
 * Airlines of Indonesia
 * Airports in Indonesia
 * Ports in Indonesia
 * Rail transport in Indonesia
 * Train stations in Indonesia
 * Road transport in Indonesia
 * Driving licence in Indonesia
 * Speed limits in Indonesia
 * Toll roads in Indonesia
 * Vehicle registration plates of Indonesia
 * Water supply and sanitation in Indonesia

Education in Indonesia

 * Academic grading in Indonesia
 * National Library of Indonesia
 * Science and technology in Indonesia
 * Medical schools in Indonesia
 * Universities in Indonesia

Health in Indonesia

 * Health hazards
 * HIV/AIDS in Indonesia
 * Smoking in Indonesia