Talk:Giuseppe Garibaldi

Old post
OK, why did I do this? Well, after writing a few short Wikipedia articles from scratch, I began thinking how much fun it would be to do an article the "easy" way ... by typing in something from some public-domain source (which is one of the things the Wikipedia "rules" encourage us to do, if I'm not mistaken). Voila! An entire book chapter on Garibaldi and the unification of Italy. And it took me hours! Then, when I had finished that, I decided I needed at least an intro sentence in addition to the chapter, and that intro sentence became three or four paragraphs in its own right. So you have here probably a lot, lot more than anyone really needed on this topic, but wow ... it's impressive looking, if I do say so myself. Where will it go from here ...? Maybe you, dear fellow Wikipedian, can help decide that. I'm moving on to other topics! SteveSmith


 * I modified the notice "The following is the complete text of a relevant chapter (ch. 13) from Young People's History of the World for the Past One Hundred Years, by Charles Morris, LL.D; published 1902 by W.E. Scull. (Transcribed for Wikipedia by SteveSmith" that had long been on the article, as convention now seems not to be crediting ourselves in the article. But this can still be seen in article history and here in talk. Thanks, SteveSmith! Cheers, -- Infrogmation 15:54, 17 Nov 2004 (UTC)


 * This article contains a wealth of very good information, but, being targeted to "Young People", it's written in a slightly less-than-encyclopedic voice, and it's really a wandering summary of the unification of Italy rather than a biography of Garibaldi. I'll take it upon myself to address both of these issues. --Smack (talk) 05:51, 30 Mar 2005 (UTC)


 * only one little thing: the sardinian kingdom is realy piemonte ... it was named after an italian island only to recognised by the papa as a kingdom

Cremation?
I read somewhere, cant remember exactly where, that Giuseppe Garibaldi wanted to be cremated after his death but this was refused for "political and religious" reasons. Anyone have any info bout this? Fred26 14:14, September 7, 2005 (UTC)

This is discussed on page 633 of Jasper Ridley's Garibaldi. User:Italus, 2 August 2006

According to Garibaldi's last will, he expressed the wish that his body should be burned with aromatic wood. The government decided against it, so as to keep the mortal remains of a national hero. I don't think that religion influenced this decision: both the government of the day and Garibaldi were in conflict with the Catholic church. --203.198.46.123 04:53, 9 March 2007 (UTC)

Descendants
In 2001, Teresa Garibaldi, the great-granddaughter of Giuseppe and Anita Garibaldi, passed away. She was survived by two adoptive sons. Does this mean there are no blood descendants left?

Garibaldi was engaged to Mrs Emma Roberts, an English woman, in 1855. Did they marry? Did they have any children? --YSChengMetz 13:05, 11 October 2005 (UTC)


 * Why would it? Do you have a genealogy? --Smack (talk) 02:56, 18 October 2005 (UTC)

Currently, the Soprintendente per i Beni Archeologici e Culturali per la regione Umbria (Italy), Mrs Vittoria Garibaldi, is the great-great-great(?)-granddaughter of Giuseppe. Cantalamessa 13:45, 8 December 2005 (UTC)

Birthplace and citizenship
The article currently states that he was born in Nice, France, as a French citizen. However, wasn't Nice part of Piedmont-Sardinia at the time? --Smack (talk) 19:47, 29 December 2005 (UTC)


 * In 1807 Nizza was Part of the French Empire under Napoleon I. alex2006 16:06, 24 April 2006 (UTC)


 * Yeah Nice was part of France at the time. I think that Garibaldi was indeed French by "citizenship" but it would be better if someone else confirmed it. Matthieu 20:02, 2 December 2006 (UTC)

Garibaldi was French citizen for seven years, until 1814, when Nice was returned to the Kingdom of Sardinia. After this, all the citizens of Nice became - better returned - Savoia's subjects. In 1860 Nice returned to France, but at this time Garibaldi was still a Savoia's subject, so in 1861 was elected to the first italian Parliament, in Turin - by law, if he wasn't an italian subject he couldn't be elected -. By the way, after the fall of the second Empire, Garibaldi fought for the republican France, was commissioned general, won a battle near Dijon - one of the very few won by the French army in this war -, and was then, in 1871, elected to the French legislative Assembly. He was elected because was French citizen by birth - as Matthieu said -, because actually his birthplace was France, and last but not least because he had fought for France. He soon resigned because the majority of the members of the house didn't want an italian in the assembly! So he returned in Italy. Before France he was in Italy - in a prison or in Caprera - but he had fought during the 1866's war. Obviously, in 1866, he was commissioned general of the italian army, he won a battle at Bezzecca, one of the few battles won by the italian army in that war. He died in Italy. So I think we can say Garibaldi was...an italian. sorry for my awful english! Ciao, Dedo, 17 january, 17.03 (UTC)


 * Joseph Garibaldi (name write in his birth regiter) was French citizen by birth. He was French deputy to parlement in 1871 ( http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/sycomore/fiche.asp?num_dept=13930 ) & French general during Franch-prusian war in 1870. He could be have dual natiional, but for French law he was french. resigned not because of his origin but because of the majority of the members of the house are conservative & for the centralization  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.57.227.169 (talk) 18:13, 28 August 2010 (UTC)

It would appear that he was a citizen of the Kingdom of Sardinia from 1814 through to the spring of 1860. Article 6 the Treaty of Turin would then have made him, by default, a French citizen again unless and until he complied with the treaty's special requirements. The Treaty read in relevant part:

"Art. 6. Sardinian subjects originally of Savoy, or of the arrondissement of Nice, or domiciled actually in those provinces, who would wish to maintain the Sardinian nationality, will enjoy during the period of one year, dating from the exchange of the ratifications, and in virtue of a previous declaration made to the competent authorities, the faculty of removing their domicile to Italy, and settling there, in which case their qualifications as Sardinian citizens will remain to them."

Unless Garibaldi followed the treaty protocol and filed a declaration within the year (and there would be a record if he did), he was French from the effective date of treaty until his death. That is, of course, unless he later naturalized in the Kingdom of Italy some time after its creation in 1861. Of this, there would also be a record. Criticality (talk) 22:00, 8 March 2014 (UTC)

Barring evidence of naturalization or some other method of acquiring a different nationality, Garibaldi would have had the following nationalities:

French (1807-1815) by virtue of birth in Nice, France, to French-citizen parents.

Sardinian (1815-1860) by virtue of the acts of the Congress of Vienna.

French (1860-1882) by virtue of the Treaty of Turin (Art. 6).

Without an authority clearly stating he acquired a different legal nationality, it is impossible to conclude Garibaldi ever had Italian or any nationality other than French or Sardinian. It is certainly credible that he may have acquired another nationality by declaration or naturalization, but such a legal event would be documented had it ever occurred and no such documentation is forthcoming. Despite this, the page simply labels him "Italian" which is a valid ethnic label, but cannot be said to otherwise correct.

Perhaps a "Birthplace and Citizenship" section would be an appropriate addition to the article. One that can mitigate any confusion over the nationality/ethnicity/citizenship issue. Any thoughts? Criticality (talk) 20:05, 7 August 2015 (UTC)

Porn Shop
"Having finished the conquest of Sicily, and opening his own porn shop"

I removed this obviously incorrect reference from the page. Thanks. I mean, a porn shop? In the 1800s? Even if Garibaldi was actually in that kind of trade that's impossible for the times. And, according to my knowledge, he was not in that kind of trade either.

AOC Antóine O&#39;Connor 00:28, 10 January 2006 (UTC)

Where's your proof? If your going to edit articles like that, make sure u have proof that he didn't like porn.

I suspect that a PAWN SHOP is meant....

--Train guard 15:36, 11 October 2006 (UTC)

Nizza was/is italian
Nizza is italian city until 1860 (french invasion). The family names of the population of Nice and Corsica are Italian even today. The language official of Nice is Italian until 1860. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 83.114.166.211 (talk) 17:50, 7 March 2014 (UTC) The history of Italy does not begin in 1860. Only the French propaganda say it. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 83.114.166.211 (talk) 18:04, 7 March 2014 (UTC)
 * What you state here has nothing to do with the objective political situation of Nice at the time of Garibaldi's birth. Do you have any sources for your claims? Silvrous  '' Talk  21:25, 7 March 2014 (UTC)

Nice was invades by France in the time of napoleon wars. It has had numerous revolts against French at that time, the "BARBETISMO". France did not control the region of Nice because of fights persisted. Nice was occupied and was not a part of the French empire. It is that of the French propaganda which you repeat without knowing. Same napoleon write it in his memoirs, France wanted to make a referendum for annex Nice but there was too much revolt, France abandoned. And the inhabitants of Nice are Italian ethnic group with Italian names as Garibaldi. I have not the time to teach you the history. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 83.114.166.211 (talk) 22:05, 7 March 2014 (UTC) And the referendum of 1860 is rigged. Only the winners tells their version of the history..

Nizza was never italian
I corrected the sentence about Nizza in 1807. The city was never italian, since the Kingdom of Italy was born in 1861, while Nizza has been annexed to France in 1860. Moreover, the French did not rename it: Nice has always been its name in French, exactly as Nizza has always been its name in Italian. alex2006 10:39, 25 April 2006 (UTC)


 * It depends on what you mean by the word Italian. The word was used long before 1861! Piedmont-Sardinia was considered an Italian state even if not the Italian state. When Nice/Nizza was owned by the Kingdom of Sardinia it was told to be Italian in this pre-1861 meaning of the word. Most inhabitants of Nice/Nizza were ethnical Italians at that time, I have no idea about the percentage now. --MauroVan 16:58, 29 August 2006 (UTC)


 * As Occitan myself (but I don't speak the language, I am from Toulouse from a Gascon family) it's Niça (or Nissa, but the formal term is Niça) in the local language/dialect and not Nice nor even Nizza (certainly not). I understand the Italians are contesting Nice because of the historical significance for them (as well as Savoy) but if you want to emphasis the differences between most of France and Nice at least use the local term and not a foreign (Italian) one, map of the eastern occitan culture. Nice itself as you can see is part of the Provencal speaking part of Occitania and with all due respect to the Italians we, Oc peoples, have a culture of our own. We've became French through history it's true and we are now bound to the French republic politicaly and culturaly (dare I even say we are by loyalty). It is true the central authority considered it had to educate the provinces and fought regional languages but this is not a reason to call us something we are not. If there is a language in Occitan that is really different it's Gascon which is much closer to Ibero-Romance languages but it's a very specific case, Niçard is not the most distinct Occitan dialect at all. You can say though Corsicans are "ethnic Italians" because they have indeed a much more disctinct culture (although they would deny it and claim they are Italians and say they are Corsicans and I perfectly understand and respect that) although I don't buy any of those "ethnic nonsenses". Matthieu 20:33, 2 December 2006 (UTC)

In XIX century Nice, Nizza,Niça, politically, was or French or, for the main time, was an harbour of the Kingdom of Sardinia. In Nizza (etc...) was spoken italian, better a sort of italian dialect, Garibaldi spoke italian (with a ligurian accent, Cavour motherlanguage was french!).This not happened in Savoy, where was spoken French, better a local language/dialect -. Maybe in Nice, in the XIX century, was spoken occitan too, but the official language was italian (in Savoy was French - see e.g.: the Statuto Albertino, 1848, the constitution of the Kingdom of Sardinia). I think we can say that Niça was a town where, in the XIX century, was spoken italian, now french and in the middle age was spoken the Langue d'hoc (but I suspect that was spoken a sort of ligurian dialect too, like in Monaco). I can't remember in what language was written the town's statues during the middle age, but I think in latin. So, in XIX century, Nice was italian, now isn't, more in the middle age Nizza was Occitan (I think that was a free town, like the italians Comuni). It's very usual in Europe that a town has got a cumbersome history! Ciao, Dedo, 17 january, 17.30 UTC.

Garibaldi was from a Ligurian family, it is true, no one here is contesting this. But as far as I remember the local population spoke Niçard, not Ligurian, and Niçard is an Oc Language. Should it be the end of the story? And someone once again put Nice was an Italian city, that perfectly arguable. Should we all just cut the problem in half and just say: "he was born in the city of Nice". Matthieu 09:22, 11 February 2007 (UTC)

It's true Mathieu, in Nizza was and now is, spoken Niçard. This dialect is peculiar because it has many elements from the Oc language (it's a subdialect of the Provençal) but many Ligurian elements too (it's a distinct subdialect). So I said in Nizza was spoken a sort of ligurian dialect,not a ligurian dialect. It's normal in a borderer town that is also a harbour. Look at the words in the "anthem" of Nizza:"Nissa la Bella". Viva viva Nissa la Bella/ O la miéu bella Nissa/ Regina de li flou/ Li tiéu viehi taulissa/ Iéu canterai toujou./ Canterai li mountagna/ Lu tiéu riché decor/ Li tiéu verti campagna/ Lou tiéu gran soulèu d'or./ And so on... Many of this words are very similar to ligurian ones (miéu bella Nissa). In the XIX the daily language was a dialect - like everywhere in Italy but in France and Europe too - the official language was either french (when Niça was in France) or italian when was in the Kingdom of Sardinia. At last I agree with you: Garibaldi was born in the city of Nice; but, Matthieu, Garibaldi wasn't from a ligurian family, he and his family, was from Nice and he spoke italian! Ciao! Dedo, 12.32, 12 February 2007

That text does also sound like an Oc one with all these "ou". In any case and even if it's a border case it's defined as an Oc language and the text you posted would tend to confirm that. Every border language share characteristic with their neighbour yet following the strict separation of language it goes with the Occitan family and quite frankly it's not the most distinctive of all (check Gascon for this, and yet no one would argue it's not an Oc language). In any case since you agree to just say he was born in the city of Nice I'll write the text that way. Matthieu 14:39, 24 February 2007 (UTC)

There is a lot of confusion concerning the adjectives "French", "Italian" etc. That is, on what basis should a region/city be included in a state rather than another? Modern states were not built on the basis of some pre-existing cultural heritage, but by war and conquest. They eventually assimilated people from a variety of cultural and linguistic origin into more or less homogeneous entities, often by coercion, but more often by persuasion. The French state for example, assimilated into a common culture French, Bretons, Germans, Flemish, Basque, Corsican, Italian and Occitan people (did I forget anybody?). Each of these communities had its own language, spoke a variety of dialects and was divided into several local sub cultures. The cases of Corse or Nice are no exceptions. Due to its geographic position, Nice/Niça was inhabited by Italians and Occitans. History eventually placed it into French territory, even though it could have ended up in Italy or Spain or what not. Conversely, I heard many French people argue that Occitans would be, by culture, French. It is a bizarre claim, as Occitans are as French as Catalonians are. Occitans are Occitan, and perhaps would deserve a state of their own. The same is true for the Ligurians, the Sicilians, the Sardinians, and whatever ethinic group composes that cultural patchwork we call "Italy". Which, among others, includes within its borders a Franco-Provencal region (the Vallée D'Aoste) and at least an Occitan region (the valleys of the Province of Cuneo, such as the Maira and Varaita valleys down to Sampeyre). Both of these regions "should" be in France, as much as Corse "should" be in Italy. Alsace "should" be in Germany. Such exercice soon becomes nonsense. So I think it is time to realize that states are just an artificial creations and labels like "french" or "italian" are just simplifications. In this respect, Garibaldi was very cosmopolitan and believed in the brotherhood of nations. He would not have liked such discussions. Ciao!!! gbad 09:12, 28 August 2007 (UTC)

as a nissart citizen i will give you the feeling of people from nissa. First is sardinians states : sardinians states as the name say it  was a group of states, some italians and some not ( savoya, nissa ) in savoya people spoke francoprovencal in life and french in administration, in nissa people spoke nissart in life, italian in administration and french in trade. nissa has never been a provencal city, even if provencal always wanted it and make a lot of invasion, nissa's people always showed their independance, finally made by the dedition to savoya. since the roman times, nissa was not part of "italia" nor gallia narbonensis, but part of the military district of the alpes maritimae. this particularity gives to nissa a special place, not french, not provencal, not italian, but still today, italian, french and provencal ( occitan ) claims the city, but in nissa people say they are nissart. So nissa has never been italian. And it's the same for garibaldi !!! the best nationality for him is sardinian, he is a nissa citizen of the 19th century, moving from savoya to france in wills of war and dealings. this are his words about his nationality : " Caprera, 4 luglio 1878 Io sono Nizzardo! Quindi non Italiano né Francese. Non sono Italiano poiché il più grande dei grandi uomini italiani del secolo decimonono di cui il grande titolo di gloria è quello di aver barattato due provincie per una ha decretato Nizza francese e quel decreto fu sancito, consacrato da un voto del parlamento sardo con una maggioranza di 229 rappresentanti della nazione. Non sono francese giacché non riconosco valido né legale il plebiscito promosso da alcuni sgherri di Bandiguet, l'imperatore menzogna che ottenne la maggioranza a Nizza come la ottenne in Francia con 7 milioni di voti a lui ottenuti dai preti tra le ignoranti popolazioni delle campagne. Sono quindi Nizzardo e quando la giustizia nel mondo non sia più una vana parola l'indipendenza del mio paese nativo sarà riconosciuta ed invalidata la vendita di Nizza fatta da Casa Savoia a cui Nizza si aggregò ma non si vendette. Essa si aggregò alla Savoia per non cadere sotto l'esosa dominazione dei re di Francia che per sottometterla avevano contrattato l'alleanza coi Turchi guidati dal pirata Barbarossa e per virtù dei suoi cittadini guidati dall'eroica Segurana debellata l'oscena alleanza."

Giuseppe Garibaldi

Tratto dal Quaderno «I vespri nizzardi» del Centro di studi Nizzardi e Tendaschi Il Pensiero di Nizza, pag. 7 —Preceding unsigned comment added by 109.210.77.129 (talk) 10:29, 22 August 2010 (UTC)

Maybe i'm wrong, but i think that Garibaldi wrote this lines to express his disappointment. The Kingdom of Italy was not the type of state he fought for! So i don't think he did'nt consider himself italian, after all he chose to spend his las days in Italy. anyway, the above lines were originally written in italian? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.33.218.41 (talk) 04:48, 31 October 2010 (UTC)

This appears to be wrong: '' Garibaldi was however very displeased as his home city of Genoa (Genova in Italian) was surrendered to the French, in return for crucial military assistance. In April 1860, as deputy for Genoa in the Piedmontese parliament at Turin, he vehemently attacked Cavour for ceding Nice and the County of Nice (Nizzardo) to Louis Napoleon, Emperor of France.''

- in the beginning it appears, that the french received Genoa? Even though it is rightfully stated afterwards, that France received Nice (and Savoy). I don't know, for whom he was a deputy at this time, but at least it should look as follows: '' Garibaldi was however very displeased as his home city of Nice (Nizza in Italian) was surrendered to the French, in return for crucial military assistance. In April 1860, as deputy for Genoa in the Piedmontese parliament at Turin, he vehemently attacked Cavour for ceding Nice and the County of Nice (Nizzardo) to Louis Napoleon, Emperor of France.''

Encoding in the article
Noobie question here, sorry, but why exactly does one of the middle paragraphs look like a line of code? Red1 15:25, 9 November 2006 (UTC)

More puerile vandalism
It's time to block 207.160.204.2 permanently. It isn't as if they have not been sufficiently warned....Godingo 18:58, 28 February 2007 (UTC)

Nizza vs Niça
This is becoming pueril, someone once again changed Nice to Nizza. First here it's English wikipedia and it's Nice and the official name of the city in the national language of its nation is Nice, secondly it's Niça or Nissa in the local language and not Nizza (Italian). Matthieu 21:45, 28 February 2007 (UTC)

Linking
Why does typing "Giuseppe Garabaldi" into search not link to this page? 68.148.24.78 18:51, 12 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Because the fourth letter in his last name is an I ? CsikosLo (talk) 16:32, 11 March 2008 (UTC)

Role in US Civil War
There is no supporting documentation listed for Abe Lincoln offering him a job as a general in the US Army during the Civil War. Does anyone have any evidence that this unlikely event actually happened? CsikosLo (talk) 16:33, 11 March 2008 (UTC)
 * On 6 Dec 2009, I added the references from Denis Mack Smith's Garibaldi (Great Lives Observed), Prentice Hall (1969) pp.69-70. Italus (talk) 19:44, 7 December 2009 (UTC)

Red Links
I removed a lot of red links from the article, but they are worth doing some research on to see if they do deserve an article here on Wikipedia. --Ozgod 01:36, 24 May 2007 (UTC)

Garibaldi never lived in New York City
The text said "Garibaldi left New York City for the last time in November 1853". I removed the word "City", so it now implies the state. Garibaldi never lived in New York City. Staten Island wasn't part of the city in Garibaldi's time.  Randall Bart    Talk   20:29, 2 January 2009 (UTC)

Cession of Nice?
I'd like to discuss the part of the article saying that Nice was surrendered to the french at the time. It certainly was the impression of Garibaldi, but there was a vote, even if he perceived it as non-universal. To the some extent, the people chose, I think that's at least worth mentionning? Palleas (talk) 09:40, 10 February 2009 (UTC)
 * For those who understand Italian, various documents regarding the Cession of Nice are at:
 * http://www.costaazzurraonline.com/nizzaesavoia.htm
 * http://www.costaazzurraonline.com/nizza1860.htm
 * http://www.costaazzurraonline.com/trattatoannessione.htm Italus (talk) 20:04, 7 December 2009 (UTC)

the vote was a joke : all the things were done before, napoleon 3rd and the king of sardinia were agree for the deal before it, saying that nissart people could choose their future is a myth. There was no "No" voting paper, no booth and all people against the annexion was obliged to sign in front of the authority, french army was already in the city before the vote, there was a lot of pression against the opponent. you can find in the archive of the times ( 28th april 1860 ) the feeling of the correpondent from geneva on the universal suffrage in nice and savoy http://archive.timesonline.co.uk/tol/archive/ —Preceding unsigned comment added by 109.208.125.143 (talk) 15:19, 10 September 2010 (UTC)

The links to the documentation of the cession of Nizza aren't working. Tigre-samolaco (talk) 19:58, 4 July 2020 (UTC)

"unfortunately"
I suggest the word "unfortunately" be deleted in the following sentence:

"Faith in his prowess was so strong that doubt, confusion, and dismay seized, unfortunately, even the Neapolitan court."

(section: "Campaign of 1860") 89.136.53.27 (talk) 14:17, 1 April 2009 (UTC)
 * Removed POV word. —SV 15:59, 2 April 2009 (UTC)

The article did feel quite biased, I do not know the history of this person, but the page has a strong slant. The credit given to Garibaldi seems a bit excessive and positive. Might be worth reviewing. TangleUSB (talk) 02:02, 19 April 2018 (UTC)

Garibaldi never contributed to the independence of Uruguay
Uruguay became an independent country in 1830. Garibaldi first set foot in Uruguay in 1841. Therefore it is impossible for him to have "contributed to Uruguay's independence" in any way. What he did do was participate in the civil war between Blancos (The forces of Manuel Oribe) and Colorados (the forces of Fructoso Rivera) which were at the same time allied to the Argentinean forces Federales and Unitarios respectively. I have therefore modified the article to reflect this fact.--190.135.58.173 (talk) 15:47, 19 May 2009 (UTC)

I understand how this could be seen as misleading, but "contributing to the independence of" a country doesn't have to mean that one contributed in the independence war itself, but that one's contributions to a regional conflict afterwards helped to ensure a State's independence. This is an ancient bit from 2009 but I'm in a mood for speaking into the wind so I figured I might as well add my two cents. That said, we would have to look into the conflict itself - the Civil War. Did this conflict have Uruguay's independence or political agency hanging in the balance? Did Garibaldi contribute to the war effort or diplomatic efforts in this conflict? If we answer those questions we can determine if the statement is ill-worded or completely erroneous. - Someone who has no idea how to put my IP address, sorry. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:87:4080:372:84D7:679C:1DA0:C7F6 (talk) 16:22, 13 March 2018 (UTC)

"Due to her infidelities"?
The following makes (or seems to make) no sense at all — at least not without additional explanation: "On January 24, 1860, Garibaldi married a Lombard noblewoman, Giuseppina Raimondi, but left her immediately after the wedding ceremony due to her infidelities." So why marry her at all — either he knew of her infidelities beforehand or he did not (I assume they did not take place during the church ceremony!).

If the marriage was (mostly) a loving one, he is not likely to have discovered the infidelities during (or immediately after) the ceremony (besides, if they hadn't been married before this very day, she had not been — couldn't possibly have been — unfaithful, at least not to GG); if it was (mostly) a political marriage for power, there is no reason for leaving either. (The way the passage sounds now, it makes it look like Elaine Robinson's sudden decision, to the shock of all, to run away from the church and her chosen one, but offhand, I would assume that if GG did leave immediately after the ceremony, it was for some other, unrelated reason, and preordained, to the knowledge of all, his bride included…) So who has more details? What's the real deal? Asteriks (talk) 10:02, 7 October 2009 (UTC)


 * Basically she had been two-timing him. (We’ll set aside his own romantic and sexual adventures of the period for now….) I’m not sure exactly what he knew when, but my recollection is that she made a revelation to him immediately after the ceremony—probably that she was pregnant by someone else and that the conception had occurred during their courtship—which was enough to make him leave her immediately and permanantly. Their marriage was annulled twenty years later: some interesting contemporary coverage of a part of the proceedings by the NYT here in pdf format. There is more coverage of the business here. Ian Spackman (talk) 19:01, 7 October 2009 (UTC)

Grazie, Signor Spackman, grazie mille… (The passage now reads: "On January 24, 1860, Garibaldi married a teenager, Giuseppina Raimondi, but left her the same day, after the 18-year-old Lombard noblewoman informed him, immediately after the wedding ceremony, that she happened to be pregnant with another man's child.") Asteriks (talk) 00:54, 19 October 2009 (UTC)

Caption to picture of Garibaldi wrong
The caption below the photo of Garibaldi reads "Garibaldi in 1061". This should surely read 1861, but I don't know how to fix it. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 196.210.209.250 (talk) 19:28, 6 February 2012 (UTC)

Vandals
Apparently people keep vandalising the info box. Can we get a lock? --IronMaidenRocks (talk) 04:47, 8 April 2012 (UTC)

Birthplace

 * copied from WP:VE/F where it was added in the wrong place--User:Salix alba (talk): 05:30, 3 September 2013 (UTC)

You list Giuseppe Garibaldi's place of birth as Nice, First French Republic. In truth, Nice was part of the Kingdom of Sardinia in the year of Garibaldi's birth and was ceded to France many years later by the Kingdom of Sardinia. 64.175.36.88 (talk) 00:55, 3 September 2013 (UTC)
 * I'm not a historian, but I think you'll find that Nice was part of the First French Empire until June 1815 – at which time Garibaldi was seven years old – when the Congress of Vienna granted it to the Kingdom of Sardinia. As you say, it was returned to French control many years later (through the Treaty of Turin in 1860). - Pointillist (talk) 16:28, 3 September 2013 (UTC)


 * His birthplace is not relevant. His ethnicity was obviously Italian. His Italian nationality is a matter of fact. He became Member of Parliament in the Kingdom of Italy, this would have been impossible without Italian nationality.--EnStat (talk) 20:18, 1 April 2014 (UTC)
 * I concur. As pe MOS:IDENTITY, the identity most specified in sources should be used, and most sources mention Giuseppe Garibaldi as being Italian, as exemplified by the provided reference to the Encyclopedia Britannica, which is certainly a reliable source. Silvrous  '' Talk  18:14, 2 April 2014 (UTC)


 * Giuseppe Garibaldi was a Frenchman? This statement is a joke. All encyclopedias of the world report that he "was an Italian military leader." --2.33.180.85 (talk) 11:13, 3 April 2014 (UTC)


 * I think that on Wikipedia a lot of people makes confusion between nationality and ethnicity: what Italian people concerns, an Italian nationality did exist only since 1861. Nevertheless, most of people born in the peninsula before that date are considered italians, because of their italian ethnicity. We don't say that Gian Lorenzo Bernini was Spanish, only because he was born in Naples when the city was a spanish possession. The same is valid for Garibaldi, who came from a city which had been possession of the Kingdom of Sardinia/Savoy since hundreds of years and that at the time of his birth had been annexed only since a couple of years by the French, exactly as happened to Florence, Genoa, Turin and Rome. Moreover, since 1857 Garibaldi's residence was in Caprera (offshore Sardinia), and before then he had been living also in Genoa, not in Nice, while his mother had kept his children in Nice during his long trips (one reason to choose Caprera was that Genoa was easily reachable by ship). You can usefully read the Dizionario biografico degli Italiani about it. Alex2006 (talk) 13:05, 3 April 2014 (UTC)

Monuments of Garibaldi
In Nice′s Cimetière du Château cemetery there′s a ″tomb of Garibaldi″ even though he's not actually buried buried there. It's quite a popular spot with Italian visitors to the city. I have a home some 20 km from there, but I don′t want to commit Original Research.  ☺  Dick Kimball (talk) 19:54, 13 June 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
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Uruguay Bank Note with Garibaldi portrait
The description of the picture says that the note was "printed" in Uruguay, when instead it should read that the banknote was "issued" in/by Uruguay. In reality, that series of banknotes was printed in New York City. The company responsible for printing them was the American Bank Note Company. In fact, the origin is actually printed right on the bill. It's clearly visible near the bottom of the note in the actual picture in question, and it reads: "American Bank Note Co New York". The bills were not printed in Uruguay.

I would have brought this to the attention of the user who submitted the picture, but I'm unfamiliar with the Wikipedia editing process, and do not know how to direct message contributors. If there is some way to correct this mistake, that would be great, as an encyclopedia should always strive to have accurate information.

Thank you to all the contrinutors. Excluding this small mistake, this is a good entry. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 184.88.43.62 (talk) 06:48, 15 April 2019 (UTC)
 * ✅. El_C 06:51, 15 April 2019 (UTC)

Meeting with Britain's Edward VII?
The Wikipedia page on Britain's Edward VII states he made a special effort to meet Giuseppe Garibaldi in 1864 when Garibaldi visited London. Is there any evidence of a meeting between the two? Thankyou Mov326 (talk) 03:58, 8 October 2020 (UTC)

a poor translation
This quotation needs work:

At the height of glory, Giuseppe Garibaldi was perhaps the most famous person in Italy. His name was much more famous than that of Cavour and Mazzini, and many more people would have heard of him than Verdi or Manzoni. Abroad, Garibaldi symbolized the Risorgimento Italy of those dramatic years and the intrepid audacity that contributed so much to the formation of the Italian nation. [...] A professional liberator, he fought for the oppressed people wherever he found them. Despite having the temperament of the fighter and the man of action, he managed to be an idealist distinctly distinct from his colder-minded contemporaries. Everything he did, he did it with passionate conviction and unlimited enthusiasm; a career full of color and unexpected shows us one of the most romantic products of the time. Moreover, he was a lovable and charming person, of transparent honesty, who was obeyed without hesitation and for whom he died happy.[59][60]

The footnotes are to an Italian book by Denis Mack Smith, but Mack Smith wrote a biography of Garibaldi in English. I am guessing that the footnotes are to an Italian translation of it. Then someone translated it back into something resembling English in the above quotation. If my hypothesis is correct, then the above quotation should be taken from Mack Smith's original English. If the Italian book cited in the footnotes was written in Italian, then someone should improve the translation of the above quotation.Maurice Magnus (talk) 22:18, 20 June 2021 (UTC)

"REFIMPROVE" template
I propose the addition of the "Refimprove" template, in my opinion 81 (although very valid) references aren't enough; the Italian language Wikipedia page (https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppe_Garibaldi) has 435, including references and notes. JacktheBrown (talk) 18:07, 5 April 2024 (UTC)

Incorrect picture
The picture that supposedly shows "Garibaldi in the Alps" is actually a representation of the surrender of a corsican bandit in 1892, taken from a french journal. https://www.meisterdrucke.fr/fine-art-prints/after-Henri-Meyer/394851/Le-bandit-corse-Antoine-Bellacoscia-se-rend-%C3%A0-la-police.html 201.141.101.133 (talk) 23:12, 6 June 2024 (UTC)