1889 in Brazil

Events in the year 1889 in Brazil.

Federal Government

 * Monarch: Pedro II (until 15 November)
 * President: Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca (de facto, from 15 November)
 * Vice-President: none
 * Prime Minister:
 * João Alfredo Correia de Oliveira (until 7 June)
 * Afonso Celso, Viscount of Ouro Preto (from 7 June to 15 November)
 * none (from 15 November)

Governors

 * Alagoas: Government Junta (18 November-21), Tiburcio Valerio de Araujo (21 November-2 December), Pedro Paulino da Fonseca (starting 2 December)
 * Amazonas: Government Junta (starting 21 November)
 * Bahia: Virginio Climaco Damasio then Manuel Vitorino Pereira
 * Ceará: Luis Antonio Ferraz (starting 16 November)
 * Goiás: Government Junta (starting 7 December)
 * Maranhão:
 * Mato Grosso: Antonio Maria Coelho
 * Minas Gerais: Antonio Olinto dos Santos Pires
 * Pará: Justo Chermont (starting 17 December)
 * Paraíba: Venancio Neiva (starting 17 November)
 * Paraná: Francisco José Cardoso Júnior then José Marques Guimarães
 * Pernambuco: José Cerqueira de Aguiar Lima (16 November-12 December), José Simeão de Oliveira (starting 12 December)
 * Piauí: Gregório Taumaturgo de Azevedo (starting 26 December)
 * Rio Grande do Norte: Pedro de Albuquerque Maranhão (17 November-6 December), Adolfo Afonso da Silva Gordo (starting 6 December)
 * Rio Grande do Sul: Government Junta (starting 17 November)
 * Santa Catarina: Lauro Müller (starting 2 December)
 * São Paulo: Government Junta (starting 14 December)
 * Sergipe: Junta Governativa Sergipana (starting 14 November), Felisbelo Firmo de Oliveira Freire (starting 2 December)

Vice governors

 * Rio Grande do Norte: No vice governor
 * São Paulo: No vice governor

May

 * 3 May – The Cabinet of João Alfredo Correia de Oliveira loses a vote of no confidence.

June

 * 7 June – Afonso Celso de Assis Figuereido, Viscount of Ouro Preto, is appointed to replace Correia de Oliveira as prime minister.

July

 * July – Emperor Dom Pedro II travels to Minas Gerais, demonstrating both that he is still actively engaged in government and the depth of support for the monarchy in the province.

November

 * 11 November – Republicans meet at the home of Rui Barbosa to plan a coup. The chief organizers are Benjamin Constant, Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca, Quintino Bocaiuva and Aristides Lobo.
 * 15 November – A coup d'état institutes the First Brazilian Republic.
 * 17 November – Emperor Dom Pedro II and his family are sent into exile in Europe.
 * 19 November – A new national flag, devised by Raimundo Teixeira Mendes, is adopted by the republic.
 * 20 November – Argentina becomes the first nation to recognize the new government of Deodoro da Fonseca.

December

 * 24 December – The former royal family receive official notice that they will never be allowed to return to Brazil.

Books

 * Osório Duque-Estrada – A Aristocracia do Espírito

Births

 * 2 December – Anita Malfatti, artist (d. 1964)
 * unknown date – José Maria de Santo Agostinho, mystic (d. 1912)

Deaths

 * 29 March – Teófilo Dias, poet, journalist and lawyer (b. 1854)
 * 26 June – Tobias Barreto, poet, philosopher, jurist and critic (b. 1839)
 * 28 June – Francisco Otaviano, poet, lawyer, diplomat, journalist and politician (b. 1825)
 * 21 October – Irineu Evangelista de Sousa, Viscount of Mauá, entrepreneur, industrialist, banker and politician (b. 1813)
 * 28 December – Empress Teresa Cristina, wife of Emperor Dom Pedro II (b. 1822)