User:SounderBruce/Sandbox/Interstate


 * WorldCat documents with opening dates
 * WSDOT Highway News (1962 progress)
 * Oregon bibliography (newspaper article index)
 * Idaho Transporter (vault articles)
 * 1953 Washington limited access highway plan

=Status=

=50-ish States Project=

=List of Interstate Highways in Washington=

Business routes

 * Not managed by WSDOT
 * Not numbered by AASHTO

AADT by state

 * National source: FHWA, August 2013 (also includes VMT)


 * FHWA 2011

History

 * Auto trail predecessors
 * Yellowstone Trail from Seattle
 * National Parks Highway
 * Black and Yellow Trail (est. 1919)


 * Predecessors map?
 * Decommissioning timeline:
 * June 1969: US 10, Seattle to Spokane only
 * June 1975: US 10, Spokane to Coeur d'Alene
 * July 1977: US 10, Coeur d'Alene to US 93 near Missoula
 * June 1986: US 10, Missoula to West Fargo, ND


 * Tollway and expressway plans
 * 1941: Illinois plans, later delayed due to war
 * 1954: Calumet Skyway (now Chicago Skyway) approved, began construction in 1956
 * 1942: New York Thruway approved (NYC to Buffalo to PA), construction began in 1946
 * 1944: Berkshire Thruway approved, construction began in
 * 1949: Plan approved for Ohio, began construction in 1952
 * Parallel, toll-free highway planned for I-90 (including cancelled Parma Freeway), built in parts as SR 2 before plan abandoned
 * 1951: Plan approved for Indiana, began construction in 1954
 * Pennsylvania plan cancelled


 * Construction notes
 * House Bill 14359, signed into law in September 1966: All Interstates to be built to four lanes, requiring later expansion in Montana and other states?


 * Designation history
 * 1958 plan: Interstate 90W for Niagara extension of Thruway
 * circa 1965: I-94 moved from Chicago Skyway to southern Tri-State (Kingery) Expressway through Hammond, I-90 moved north and fully covers Indiana Toll Road
 * Proposed by Indiana in 1964 to reduce signage confusion and congestion


 * July 6, 1977: IL relocation to Northwest Tollway approved; I-290 created from old alignment?
 * 1990: MA requests I-90 extension on Turnpike from Allston/Brighton to I-93 despite not meeting Interstate standards (11-foot lanes, narrow shoulders, short clearance)
 * Until 1970s, I-90 was unsigned on Pike east of Allston
 * Chicago Skyway standards: Signage removed in 1999 due to confusion over official designation after switch from I-94

Auxiliary routes

 * Buffalo, New York: I-190, I-290, I-990 (not directly connected)
 * Rochester, New York: I-390, I-490, I-590 (not directly connected)
 * Syracuse, New York: I-690
 * Utica, New York: I-790
 * Schenectady, New York: I-890
 * Worcester, Massachusetts: I-290 (spur to I-495), I-190 (spur to Leominster, Massachusetts, northerly roadbed connected only to I-290 and not to I-90 itself)

=Interstate 5 in Washington=

National highway and state upgrades

 * 1951: State legislature approves bond sales to fund four-lane expansion of US 99
 * Bypasses of various cities, while other sections are upgraded to limited access standards
 * Vancouver to Centralia completed by 1953
 * Program scheduled to be completed by 1954
 * 1952: Kalama to Kelso section completed
 * 1953: State Toll Bridge Authority authorized to study toll superhighways, including Tacoma–Everett corridor
 * April 1953: Alaskan Way Viaduct opens, as part of US 99 program
 * July 26, 1953: 4-lane section from Toutle River (near Castle Rock) to Foster Creek (near Toledo) opens
 * October 1953: Castle Rock to Foster Creek; first 60 mph section in the state
 * November 20, 1953: Vancouver freeway opened from Interstate Bridge to Broadway Street (now C Street exit)
 * Extended 2 miles through to city limits (approximately Main & 49th) on April 1, 1955 ($7 million; began November 1951, dedicated day before)
 * Dedicated on March 31 with a 19-gun artillery salute; first real freeway in Washington state
 * September 15, 1954: 4-lane highway opens from National Avenue in Chehalis to Fort Borst Park in Centralia
 * September 17, 1954: Kelso to Castle Rock (6.5 mi, $1 million) opened to four-lane traffic in present northbound lanes
 * October 30, 1954: Marysville bypass opened (9 mi, 4 lanes, $7 million)
 * Ebey Slough Bridges upgraded and twinned
 * November 24, 1954: Tumwater to Grand Mound cutoff opens (14 miles, $2.75 million), bypassing Tenino (saving 5.2 miles)
 * Initially two lanes, expanded to four on December 17
 * 1955: Yellow Book published by Bureau of Public Roads, outlines interstate highway from San Diego to Bellingham and a bypass of Seattle
 * December 22, 1955: 4-lane section of US 99 from Chehalis to Cowlitz River near Toledo opens (14 mi, $3.3 million); entire Vancouver–Tumwater "superhighway" dedicated
 * Two-lane segment near Napavine (SR 508)/Chehalis (National Ave) had opened in November
 * December 30, 1955: Northbound lanes of Centralia to Grand Mound section completed (5.2 miles)
 * May 15, 1956: Southbound lanes open, eliminating last traffic signal south of Tumwater
 * June 29, 1956: Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956 signed, creates Interstate Highway System
 * $168 million appropriated for Everett-Seattle-Tacoma freeway to replace tollway
 * 1956: Mount Vernon to Conway?
 * August 1956: Burlington section opens, including Skagit River bridge
 * December 1956: State Supreme Court declares use of bond issues to finance $227 million toll road plan unconstitutional

Interstate Highway era

 * Planning
 * 1958: Remaining super-2 segments to be upgraded
 * 1964: Highway renumbering, US 99 replaces PSH 1


 * Freeway construction
 * 1957: Contracts awarded for Marysville to Conway, Ferndale to Blaine
 * By late 1959: Vancouver to Olympia, Everett to Burlington completed
 * 1958: Northbound Interstate Bridge (drawbridge) dedicated on July 1, old bridge closes
 * December 12, 1958: First section of Olympia Freeway (1 mile, $11.6 million) opens
 * 6.5 miles, from Trosper Road to Mud Bay?
 * Includes US 410 section, first three-level interchange
 * October 1, 1959: Ponders Corner (Gravelly Lake) to 72nd Street in Tacoma opens; first section of Tacoma–Seattle–Everett freeway (3.3 + 1.7 mi; $4.68 million)
 * 1960: Southbound Interstate Bridge opens to traffic after retrofit
 * December 5, 1960: 5-mile section of Bellingham freeway opens ($5.2 million)
 * December 21, 1960: Tacoma Freeway opens from 72nd to M Street (2.9 mi)
 * May 1962: Ferndale section opens?
 * Governor Rosellini made bet with BC Premier
 * August 24, 1962: 5-mile section of freeway near Hazel Dell dedicated, two weeks ater opening ($4.7 million)
 * October 10, 1962: Six-lane Tacoma to Midway/Highline section completed (13.5 miles, $14.5 million), beginning on east side of Puyallup River
 * Impact on Fife
 * Used by drivers who broke barrier
 * October 29, 1963: Ferndale to Dakota Creek (11 miles, $4.7 million) dedicated by governor
 * October 30, 1964: Tacoma Freeway (1.5 miles) opens, between E Street and Port of Tacoma
 * August 1965: M to C streets in Tacoma?
 * September 21, 1965: Last section of Tacoma Freeway opens near Pacific Avenue Interchange ($9 million, 1 mile, 16 bridges)
 * Total cost of 6.3-mile Tacoma Freeway: $28 million; 6 interchanges
 * November 23, 1965: Dakota Creek to Blaine Freeway (2.5 miles, $2.24 million), ending 400 feet south of Peace Arch (landscaped into park)
 * Connected to existing Vancouver-Blaine Freeway, which opened in 1962
 * February 1, 1966: Chuckanut Drive to Alger (9 mi, $5.3 million)
 * August 1966: Alger to Nulle Road (2.5 miles) opens
 * November 3, 1966: 6-mile section of Bellingham Freeway opens, from Samish Inn to Fielding Street; last four-lane segment in state
 * 1967: Lewis and Clark Trail Highway becomes Washington state byway
 * 1967: US 12 extended west, concurrent with I-5 from Chehalis to Grand Mound
 * January 18, 1968: 41st Street to Marine View Drive in Everett opened (3 mi, 6 lanes, $14 million)
 * November 13, 1968: Lacey to Nisqually/Fort Lewis freeway completed (8 mi), removing last traffic signal north of Portland (at Martin Way)
 * Began construction in May 1968, cost $2.2 million
 * Incorporates 1936 bridge and new parallel span
 * November 1968: Lake Goodwin Interchange
 * May 14, 1969: Final section of I-5 opened, Everett to Marysville
 * Delayed from September 1968 due to bridge complications?
 * Construction began in early 1966; 41st interchange to Marysville, costing $11 million and using 24 major bridges and overpasses
 * 1970s: Upgrades to rural sections to full Interstate standards with new interchanges and overpasses
 * Marysville to Smokey Point upgraded to six lanes after settlement of eminent domain dispute with Tulalips
 * BIA plans interchange at 88th Street in 1990
 * 1972: Stillaguamish River bridge twinned, I-5 expanded to six lanes and new interchanges added north of river ($13 million)
 * Built using new method to protect fish
 * Kelso expanded to six lanes?

Seattle construction

 * 250-foot-wide depressed roadway requires demolition of landmarks
 * Lid proposed by Thiry in 1961
 * August 1958: Ship Canal Bridge construction begins, with goal of serving World's Fair visitors (not met)
 * Low-level Duwamish River crossing design could have jeopardized port operations and development
 * Replaced with modern, high-level curved girder design; port specified minimum clearance of 135 feet
 * April 1957: First hearings for Seattle Freeway route
 * 1957: Funding for Seattle Freeway received on October 1
 * Department of Highways establishes special division for Seattle Freeway (Division 7), headed by E. I. Roberts


 * Resources
 * Back to the Future (U District)
 * Past Events (EIS)


 * Construction
 * June 1961: Protests against freeway across First Hill
 * October 1961: Bids open for Federal Way and Midway section
 * 1962: North of Downtown section well underway
 * Early 1963: Construction on Seattle to Everett section begins
 * 1963: Fallout shelter at Ravenna dedicated
 * Broke ground on May 15, 1962


 * Opening dates
 * December 18, 1962: First section of I-5 in Seattle opens on December 18, from Roanoke Street to Ravena Street via Ship Canal Bridge
 * Ribbon cutting was premature, without speeches, due to a screw-up
 * August 28, 1963: SR 520 opens, along with section of I-5 from Roanoke to Mercer (via temporary ramp at Harvard) and 75th to Ravenna
 * Thru traffic forced to exit off until later date
 * November 1963: Mercer ramps open to traffic
 * NE 45th interchange fully opens in January 1965
 * October 30, 1964: Olive to Mercer (northbound, 2 lanes) opens, replacing Lakeview/Harvard ramp
 * February 3, 1965: Bothell Way (75th) to Eastmont/Broadway (Everett) opens, completing 19.7 miles of freeway ($23 million)
 * Several missing interchanges (Northgate, 236th, 220th, 128th) opened later; only access from 145th, 175th, 205th
 * Peak loads create traffic jams
 * June 2, 1965: Reversible express lanes and 13 ramps (until Pine) open
 * Mercer exit opens in October 1966
 * CCTV cameras to monitor direction change and aid police
 * Delayed from May due to parts for CCTV system
 * Relief for increasing congestion
 * June 30, 1966: Olive Way to Cherry Street section opens, including ramps to University and Columbia
 * September 29, 1966: Dearborn to James northbound lanes open
 * October 27, 1966: All southbound lanes open near Mercer exit; James to Dearborn southbound lanes also open
 * January 31, 1967: Dearborn to Midway section opens, completing Everett–Tacoma freeway; express lanes also completed
 * $130 million to construct, $44 million for property acquisition
 * $2.3 million for Duwamish River bridge (eight 275-ft steel girders)
 * Dearborn to Spokane shifted to northbound lanes while southbound lanes are completed

Later history

 * Later construction
 * 1970s: Rest areas built to combat driver fatigue
 * 1973: Exit numbers installed to replace names
 * Mileposts erected in 1966


 * Incidents
 * Protests: Vietnam War, WTO 1999, George Floyd 2020 (1 death)
 * May 23, 2013: Skagit River Bridge collapses
 * December 18, 2017: Amtrak derailment closes SB lanes for hours


 * Major projects
 * Widening to six lanes in Chehalis (Rush Road to 13th Street)
 * Widening to six lanes from US 12 to Maytown
 * Concrete rehabilitation in Puget Sound region
 * 2005 Transportation Tax Package
 * Median barriers in Bellingham, Blaine,
 * Noise wall extensions in Seattle (near Ship Canal Bridge)
 * Stormwater treatment in Bellingham, Mount Vernon
 * SR 432 interchange rebuild
 * Bridge repair in Seattle (northbound viaduct, southbound viaduct in South SeattlE)
 * JBLM program begins construction in 2018, to be completed in 2021
 * 2006–10: Median barriers in Marysville replaced with concrete due to fatal head-on crashes
 * 2011–2014: Lewis County expansion in Chehalis/Centralia
 * 2011 phase: Grand Mound
 * 2014 phase added collector lanes at SR 507 and river crossing
 * 2017: Pavement repair in Seattle/Tukwila
 * Proposed since 2003 due to deterioration
 * New auxiliary lane added in 2019 by narrowing lanes and eliminating shoulder
 * Bridge retrofits: Stillaguamish, Toutle, Cowlitz

Exit list


Auxiliary routes
There are three auxiliary Interstate Highways for I-5 in Washington. I-205 is an easterly bypass of Portland, Oregon and Vancouver that provides a second crossing of the Columbia River. I-405 is as a bypass of the Seattle metropolitan area and serves cities in the "Eastside" area of King County. The third and shortest auxiliary Interstate is I-705, which is a short spur that travels into Tacoma.

In addition to the auxiliary Interstates, there is one current business route related to the freeway in the state, serving as a signed connection to Castle Rock.

History

 * 1940s: US 10 relocated between Thorp and Spokane (via Ellensburg, Vantage and Moses Lake, concurrent with US 395 from Ritzville)
 * Old alignment becomes US 10 Alt, superseded by US 2 in 1946
 * Vantage Bridge built in 1927, rebuilt in 1962


 * Numbering history
 * I-5 to SR 900 in Seattle
 * 1969 as PSH 2 (ex.s. c 281)??; became I-90 in 1970
 * SR 900 in Seattle to SR 900 near Issaquah
 * 1939 as PSH 2 (c 5); became I-90 in 1970
 * SR 900 near Issaquah to North Bend
 * 1909 as SR 7 (c 92); became Sunset Highway in 1913 (c 65); became SR 2 in 1923 (c 185); became PSH 2 in 1937 (c 190); became I-90 in 1970
 * North Bend to Easton
 * 1899 as wagon road (c 57); became SR 7 in 1905 (c 7); became Sunset Highway in 1913 (c 65); became SR 2 in 1923 (c 185); became PSH 2 in 1937 (c 190); became I-90 in 1970
 * Easton to SR 970 near Cle Elum
 * 1909 as SR 7 (c 92); became Sunset Highway in 1913 (c 65); became SR 2 in 1923 (c 185); became PSH 2 in 1937 (c 190); became I-90 in 1970
 * SR 970 near Cle Elum to I-82 near Ellensburg
 * 1913 as Inland Empire Highway (c 65); became Sunset Highway in 1915 (c 29); became Sunset Highway Southern Division in 1919 (c 110); became SR 3 in 1923 (c 185); became PSH 3 in 1937 (c 190); became I-90 in 1970
 * I-82 near Ellensburg to SR 281 near George
 * 1915 as Sunset Highway (c 29); became North Central Highway in 1919 (c 110); became SR 7 in 1923 (c 185); became PSH 7 in 1937 (c 190); became I-90 in 1970
 * SR 281 near George to US 395 at Ritzville
 * 1937 as PSH 18 (c 190); became I-90 in 1970
 * US 395 at Ritzville to US 2 near Spokane
 * 1913 as Central Washington Highway (c 65); became SR 11 in 1923 (c 185); became PSH 11 in 1937 (c 190); became I-90 in 1970
 * US 2 near Spokane to Idaho
 * 1909 as SR 7 (c 92); became Sunset Highway in 1913 (c 65); became SR 2 in 1923 (c 185); became PSH 2 in 1937 (c 190); became I-90 in 1970

Interstate Highway construction

 * Completed freeway segments
 * September 13, 1958: Spokane Valley extended west from Custer/Havana to Helena Street (near SR 290); 2.04 miles and $1,649,450.70
 * October 23, 1964: Spokane Valley/Greenacres (Appleway Ave/Liberty Lake) to Seaton (Starr Road); 3.2 miles
 * November 15, 1964: 3.5 miles near George?
 * December 7, 1965: Four Lakes to Maple Street (Downtown Spokane), 9.2 miles, including US 2 and US 195 interchanges, for $10 million; 300–400 people attend dedication
 * Construction began in 1961, Sunset Hill completed but put on hold due to lawsuits
 * Routing choices included Riverfront
 * East Central section: 1,000 homes leveled, Liberty Park reduced from 28 to 26 acres, other impacts
 * November 18, 1966: Tyler to Four Lakes (Cheney bypass) dedicated, 16.7 miles and $5.8 million
 * Football-themed dedication (because of Apple Cup)
 * Governor arrived by small plane landing on highway; car fails to tear banner; Prahl's car gets flat tire
 * August 8, 1967: 24 miles from Cle Elum to Ellensburg (final two-lane segment from Seattle);  began construction in 1965 and cost $16.5 million
 * 14 contractors, 31 bridges, 2 rest areas, high fence for elk, gravel pits turned into fishing ponds
 * Named one of America's most beautiful highways by Parade Magazine in 1967
 * November 20, 1968: Ellensburg to Vantage (26.9 miles, $16.7 million) dedicated at future I-82 interchange
 * November 22, 1968: Tokio to Fishtrap, including Sprague bypass (23.4 miles, $7.67 million), in time for Apple Cup (WSU-UW) at Albi Stadium in Spokane
 * 102 miles of I-90 in the last two years
 * 13 bridges, 2 interchanges, 2 rest areas
 * Moses Lake to Ritzville still remains (30 mi)
 * 1969: Moses Lake to county line near Schrag
 * 1969: Vantage area work?
 * September 25, 1969: Downtown Spokane Viaduct (Maple to Pine/Division); $15.3 million, 2.5 years of construction, seven contractors, 1.3 miles (6,600 feet)
 * Lawsuit filed by Deaconess Hospital in 1963 ruled in their favor, but overturned by state supreme court on June 7, 1965
 * October 1971: Spokane/Pine Street to Helena Street
 * Plans approved in November 1968
 * Began construction in May 1969
 * September 1972: Issaquah bypass opens (a week before Sept. 13)
 * 1970s: Richards Road to Issaquah
 * August 28, 1973: Ritzville to Schrag (county line): 26.2 miles, $16 million; began in August 1971
 * "Last four-lane link" in I-90's 294-mile stretch from Seattle to Spokane
 * Hyak to Easton opens days later
 * July 28, 1977: Spokane River bridges (at state line) dedicated, along with freeway to first interchange (with Appleway)
 * Began construction in 1973, cost $12.5 million (built by Idaho as part of 5.5-mile Post Falls bypass)


 * October 1977: Westbound segment between Snoqualmie Pass and North Bend opened, avoiding steep hillside and icing problems
 * October 13, 1978: westbound lanes of North Bend bypass (MP 27 to 34), featuring festival celebrating retirement of last traffic signal between Seattle and Wallace, Idaho (installed in 1965)
 * Eastbound lanes opened earlier on January 26; total project cost $27.5 million, spans 8 miles
 * Map ref
 * Construction planned in 1969 (to be complete by late 1971), delayed by lawsuits and design changes
 * Actually began in 1976
 * 1981: Denny Creek segment near Snoqualmie Pass opens


 * Missing segments
 * Issaquah
 * Vantage to George (after 1961, before 1967)
 * George to Moses Lake (finished by 1967)
 * Upgraded in 1973 for Expo '74 in Spokane
 * Moses Lake to Schrag?

Seattle section

 * Resources
 * I-90 EIS with history (p. 16, 24)
 * Alternate EIS
 * Timelines: 1940 to 1989; 1993
 * WSDOT timeline (1988 to 1993)
 * Mercer Island documents


 * Overview
 * Total cost (1993): $1.56 billion (original 1966 estimate: $80 million)
 * 90 percent federal, like most Interstates
 * Phase One (1989): Westbound bridge, Mercer Island roadway, three-level westbound tunnel, three-lane section of I-5 connector (temporary connection to Dearborn from express lanes)
 * Phase Two (1992–93): Eastbound bridge retrofit, squaring of tunnels, completion of other sections, west end of I-5/SODO interchange
 * Temporary I-90 along Rainier and future lanes on Beacon Hill to Dearborn
 * Interchanges at MLK Way and 35th Avenue (west approach) removed, controversially
 * Hundreds of meetings and public hearings
 * Originally planned to be complete in 1971 and connect to Alaskan Way Viaduct (stub ramps)




 * Timeline
 * 1954: Bond measure plans to build viaduct from Connecticut Street at Alaskan Way Viaduct to Rainier Avenue
 * May 1954: Rainier Avenue overpass opens to traffic ($2 million cost), providing connection to Corwin Place, which continues to Dearborn with no signal
 * Officially the "Rainier-Lakeway Interchange"
 * Construction began in April 1953
 * Intended to relieve congestion caused by floating bridge, required demolition of buildings
 * 1956: Parallel span for floating bridge proposed
 * 1957: Engineering studies by Department of Highways to determine routing of I-90 between I-5 and Factoria, later incorporated into PSGC long-range plan in 1960
 * Estimated cost of $63.7 million for eight-lane parallel spans and six-lane highway from I-5 to Factoria
 * 1960s background from 1982 EIS
 * March 1963: Public hearings inspire Mercer Island backlash
 * May 1963: Federal approval for northerly alignment requested and granted
 * August 1964: Construction on Connecticut Street Interchange begins for I-5 project
 * "Ramps to nowhere" completed in December 1966
 * Design report released in 1966 and approved by PSCG
 * Early design with parallel freeway
 * 8-lane tunnel under Mount Baker Ridge proposed with parallel bridge in November by state Highway Department to state commission
 * 1968/70: Forward Thrust proposal fails at the ballot
 * 1969: Construction begins on South Bellevue Interchange and East Channel Bridge upgrade
 * East Channel halted in December 1970 due to public concerns, resumes in May 1979; old bridge demolished from August 1981 to July 1982
 * May 1970: Lathan v. Volpe filed in District Court, seeking injunction against property acquisition related to NEPA
 * Initially denied, but granted in May 1972 (lifted in 1979)
 * 1970: Mercer Island lid proposed as mitigation measure, championed by new mayor Aubrey Davis
 * Replaced earlier plan for elevated guideway and large cuts in hills; 10 lanes wide, 3,000-foot tunnel under First Hill (west side) with vent towers; reconnecting of Luther Burbank Park
 * June 1971: Recommendation of 4-2-4 plan as part of Draft EIS
 * 1971: Protests
 * November 3, 1971: State highway commission approves plan to build Seattle section
 * 1973: Federal appeals court decision requires new hearings and EIS
 * 1973 status: Tanner to Asahel Curtis (13.2 mi) and Factoria to Issaquah (8.1 mi) under construction, Echo Lake to Tanner via North Bend (7.3 mi), Snoqualmie (5.6 mi), and Seattle (3.1 mi) held by litigation, other sections delayed by environmental review
 * 1974: City council decision
 * Lobbying by Tunks
 * Public opinion turns against freeways, but remains supportive of I-90
 * December 22, 1976: Agreement signed by parties
 * 1977: EIS prepared
 * Royer administration reevaluates sections, requests transit lanes (reversible express lanes)
 * 1978 agreement signed, despite unclear federal allowance
 * 1980: Carter administration cuts Interstate funding, temporarily dooming project
 * Restored by Reagan in 1981
 * 1982: Legislature approves $48 million to resume work on I-90


 * Construction
 * 1981: "Bulge" removed from old bridge, permanently ending bridge openings for boat traffic
 * Pontoon floated to Alaska in 1982
 * November 1983: First bore in expanded Mount Baker Tunnel completed, but later found to be off alignment
 * 1983: First pontoons for new bridge built at Port of Everett and floated to bridge site
 * Found to be leaking
 * 1983: Work on Mercer Island begins
 * Businesses shut down due to freeway construction
 * Groundbreaking in 1984?
 * March 1986: Excavation of new three-level Mount Baker Ridge Tunnel completed
 * Tunnel completed in August 1988
 * From top to bottom: trail, westbound, reversible lanes
 * 2,900 feet long, $140 million, computer controlled


 * Project phases and timeline
 * Mercer Island interim roadway and temporary connections: 1983 to 1985
 * Mercer Island excavation (westbound and center): 1984 to 1987
 * Mercer Island Lids: 1985 to 1987
 * Burbank to East Channel Bridge: 1985 to 1987
 * Mercer Island eastbound lanes: 1988 to 1992
 * Bellevue: 1988 to 1990
 * Plans in 1966
 * New bridge: 1982 to 1988
 * Mount Baker Tunnel expansion: 1983 to 1986
 * Ramps to Nowhere: 1984 to 1986
 * Seattle segments: 1986 to 1992 (westbound finished in 1988)


 * Openings
 * July 1981: New East Channel Bridge opens to westbound traffic ($16 million)
 * Higher than old bridge, allowing for taller ships to pass under
 * Only half-completed, with piers for expansion
 * Old 1939 bridge closed on August 10 and demolished by July 1982
 * September 4, 1984: Mercer Island interim roadway opened in 2-2-2 configuration (including HOV lane in peak direction and express lanes)
 * November 1988: I-5 to Rainier westbound (three-lane) section opened;
 * Ramps to nowhere incorporated
 * May 29, 1989: Ceremonial opening of Hadley Bridge and "completed" I-90
 * Only the westbound lanes finished, temporarily carrying all traffic while old bridge is retrofitted
 * June 23: Murrow Bridge and eastbound tunnels close for retrofit
 * Bicycle and pedestrian trail?
 * June 4, 1989: Mount Baker Tunnel's westbound lanes open to traffic; lid inaugurated
 * Eastbound lanes open June 26
 * Lid landscaped as a park in 1990
 * Renamed for councilman Sam Smith in 1998
 * November 25, 1990: Center pontoons of Murrow bridge sink because of water left in open pontoons by workers during storm
 * Hydroblasting used to remove roadtop concrete as part of rehabilitation
 * New bridge closed for inspection of damaged anchors, but reopens on November 27 (westbound only, thanks to temporary anchors and being held in place by tug boats) carrying both directions on December 3, and fully opened on December 13
 * Last section removed on December 11
 * Replacement begins construction in November 1992, with Tacoma-built pontoons
 * February 1992: Express lanes
 * July 12, 1992: Mercer Island section's eastbound lanes completed
 * Bicycle and pedestrian trail (13.5 miles) opens on October 3
 * September 12, 1993: Murrow bridge replacement completed, at cost of $93 million
 * Marked the end of national I-90 construction, and one of the last gaps in Interstate system
 * Mount Baker Tunnel has fork


 * Other details
 * Mercer Island lid: 40-foot concrete wall, 13 exhaust fans, 3,800 lights
 * $123 million cost for westbound floating bridge; streamlined reversible lanes
 * Old configuration (1984): 4 lanes merge into 3 at east approach to floating bridge, causing slowdowns; concrete barriers added to reverisble lanes in August 1984

Modern I-90 and upgrades

 * May 1980: Became impassible after Mount St. Helens eruption, which stranded 5,396 travelers until ash is cleared
 * 1991: Renamed American Veterans Memorial Highway, in line with other sections of I-90
 * December 24, 1991: Freight train derails over I-90 at Latah Creek in Spokane, dumping cars onto the freeway and narrowly avoiding a Greyhound bus


 * Recent projects
 * 1997–2000: Widening and new ramps in Spokane and Spokane Valley ($62.5 million)
 * 2003 to 2005: Widening in Spokane Valley to exit 291 ($37 million)
 * 2003: Western terminus rebuilt to accommodate improved SR 519 / Edgar Martinez Drive
 * Former configuration: Looping ramp to Salvation Army (4th/Brougham) carried both directions
 * New configuration: Separate directional ramps to 4th/SR 519 raised intersection; north ramp converted to westbound only
 * Toll proposal
 * 2012–17: HOV lanes added, tunnel renovations
 * Smart Highways system
 * Snoqualmie Pass East project
 * Hyak to Keechelus Dam: began construction in 2009, to be complete in late 2018 (adding new lane, avalanche bridges, straightened curves, replacing bridges/culverts) – $551 million
 * Phase 2 to Stampede Pass interchange: construction began in 2015, to be complete in 2019 (wildlife crossing, rock slope stabliziation) – $108 million
 * Snowshead removed in 2014
 * Tolls considered as early funding source, but rejected due to public opposition


 * Proposals
 * Raising speed limit to 75 mph from George to Lincoln-Spokane line


 * Future
 * Light rail in 2023 (and Issaquah extension in 2041)
 * North Spokane Corridor at Market (with C-D lanes)

Auxiliary routes
There are no auxiliary Interstate Highways for I-90 in Washington. The freeway is supplemented by four current business routes in the state, serving as a signed connections to Ellensburg, Moses Lake, Ritzville, and Spokane Valley.

History

 * 1908: Road built to connect Bellevue area to Kirkland
 * 1908: On April 16, by easement (No. 20,107), the Northern Pacific authorized King County to establish a public highway upon and across the right of-way at Kennydale
 * 1912 bond: proposed paved highway from Renton to Kirkland
 * 1912 map: Bellevue to Bothell completed
 * 1932: Lake Washington Blvd. paved from Kirkland to Renton
 * 1937: SSH 2A designated, from Renton to Everett via Bellevue and Bothell (map)
 * Bothell–Everett segment dropped in 1943; later SR 527
 * 1940: US 10 extended to Mercer Island, parclo interchange at Factoria built
 * 1948: Bypass proposed by Director of Highways Clarence B. Shain
 * 1950: Incorporated into larger "East Pacific Highway" proposal between Tenino and Sumas (SR 507, 167, 405, 9), limited access highway with city bypasses; proposed by booster group
 * Proposal dates back to early 1940s
 * Planned extension of SSH 2A to US 99 north of Seattle
 * 1950: Relocated SSH 2A on Rose Hill (east of Kirkland) planned
 * Other segments between Kingsgate and Renton opened between 1954 and 1957
 * 1952: Approval to build and purchase access rights
 * 1950s: Engineering work on SSH 2A expansion
 * 1955 Yellow Book shows route cutting west of Bothell
 * 1956/1960 approvals
 * 1956: Survey of Bothell-Lynnwood route following Swamp Creek to "tollway"
 * 1956: Potential use of Eastside bypass for (what would become) I-5 discussed
 * 1956: Wilburton to Kirkland segment of SSH 2A constructed
 * 1956: Potential conversion of SSH 2A
 * 1957: PSH 1 Renton branch (RE) designated, replacing SSH 1L and SSH 2A
 * US 99E designation?
 * Grading and paving underway north of Kirkland and north of Renton for PSH 1 branch
 * 1956-11: SSH 2A completed between Kirkland and Bellevue
 * 1958-11: New overpass in Kennydale
 * 1963: Bellevue asks for Main Street overpass
 * 1964: SR 405 designation (takes effect in 1970)
 * 1965: During construction, new outer bypass urged to relieve congestion by mid 1970s (I-605 proposals in later decades)
 * 1966: Selection of Everett for Boeing 747 plant leads to calls for accelerated bypass (to serve Kent traffic)
 * August 1966: Several sections open
 * August 9: Temporary two-lane bridge over Sunset Highway at Factoria with traffic signals
 * August 12: South of Sunset Highway at Factoria (replacing other temporary 2-lane configuration)
 * August 19: Midlakes to Kirkland (3 miles), expanded from 2 lanes to 6 lanes


 * Segments by opening date
 * Environmental documents with possible context


 * Tukwila to Renton: 1965-08-31
 * Downtown Renton: 1965
 * Renton to May Creek/Newport: by 1965-11 (4 lanes)
 * May Creek/Newport: by 1965-11
 * Newport to Factoria: 1966-08
 * Factoria Interchange: 1971?
 * Factoria to Downtown Bellevue (6 lanes): 1971? (NBI)
 * Downtown Bellevue (Midlakes) to Kirkland: 1966-08
 * Kirkland to Bothell/Woodinville: by 1966
 * Four lanes to NE 145th only in 1969
 * Upgraded interchanges: by 1976
 * Woodinville to Alderwood: 1969-11-05

Construction timeline
Built over Lake Washington Blvd. from Renton to Factoria, along new route in other segments


 * SSH 2A expanded prior to interstate designation
 * 1956-10: Rose Hill (Kirkland) segment completed
 * 1958: Woodinville section
 * 1960 map: SSH 2A and PSH 1 branch shared designation up to 132nd Street, then a temp PSH 1 designation to Bothell
 * Limited seasons for construction due to glacial till and other factors (to be completed by 1972)
 * "Talked about for 25 years (1938)"
 * 1963-12: Construction on Tukwila interchange begins
 * 1965-08-31: Tukwila to Renton completed
 * 1965: Renton to Bellevue?
 * 1966-08: Factoria segment completed
 * Factoria interchange design disputed until 1965, county and city wanted different offramps
 * Interchange with US 10 (I-90) finished after 1970
 * 1967 map: controlled access and divided between Tukwila and NE 53rd Street near Houghton; rest to Woodinville Drive (south side of river/interchange) is signed as SR 405 and uncontrolled (but completed); extension north marked as proposed
 * 1967-05: Construction begins on Woodinville to Swamp Creek section
 * 1967-11: Grading at SR 522 completed
 * 1966-08: Midlakes to Kirkland completed, forming a full divided highway from Renton to Bothell
 * 1969-01: Factoria interchange first ramp opens
 * 1969: Woodinville to Swamp Creek (Lynnwood) completed (northbound in June; or August 5 southbound on November 5); work began in May 1967
 * Approved in 1966, originally scheduled to be completed by 1972
 * Final segment, bringing all of I-405 to four lanes and grade separation
 * 1969: Older overpasses (Brickyard/Juanita, NE 76th, NE 124th) demolished to make room for six-lane expansion
 * November 5, 1969: Bothell to Lynnwood section dedicated; other work remains in Bellevue and Kirkland
 * 1971: SR 405 renumbered to I-405 after full completion
 * 1972: Exit numbers installed between Tukwila and Factoria as part of trial; later implemented across the state in 1973

Later projects

 * 1974: Wilburton tunnel constructed to replace earlier rail bridge
 * 1983: HOV lanes planned for I-405
 * Under construction by 1984 from Tukwila to Lynnwood
 * 1984: SR 525 extension completed, including rebuilt Swamp Creek Interchange
 * 1984: Renton-area expansion to add HOV lanes
 * 1980s: I-90 connection to Seattle completed
 * Late 1980s: 4th Street interchange in Bellevue with HOV lanes
 * Other options considered included loop ramps and Main Street
 * 1993: SR 520 interchange gains new ramp
 * 1995: Renton S-curves straightened (22 homes removed)
 * 2002-03: Final section of HOV lanes finished from Bothell to Lynnwood
 * Relocated from shoulder to median?
 * 2008: Bellevue realignment (removal of Wilburton tunnel)
 * December 2009: New lane opens southbound from Renton to Southcenter
 * 2015: HOT lanes open from Bellevue to Lynnwood
 * 2016: Shoulder use near Canyon Park

Corridor improvements

 * Corridor Program (since 2002)
 * Early options studied: I-605/East Sammamish, expansion of arterial, widening of freeway
 * By 1999, I-405 had become the second-busiest freeway in the state, with over 284,000 people (compared to I-5's 416K and I-90's 225K)
 * HOT lanes extension to Renton (2024)
 * Braided ramps and new overpasses in Downtown Bellevue (2012)
 * SR 167 direct HOT/HOV interchange ramps (2019)
 * 2027: BRT service (delayed from 2024)
 * NE 85th interchange reconstructed into three-level non-cloverleaf with $287 million from ST
 * SR 522 downgraded to signalized
 * Other interchange rebuilds
 * Corridor planning

Transit service

 * ST Express, Metro, and CT
 * History of routes?
 * Stride
 * Stations planned

History

 * Pacific Avenue was used by SR 16 until completion of Nalley Valley
 * State maps mark it as SR 509?


 * Design notes
 * Called SR 509 Tacoma Spur initially, part of longer freeway through Federal Way
 * Modified to not block views from Union Station
 * Loop dropped?


 * Construction
 * February 1968: Pacific Avenue Interchange ramps open as part of SR 7 freeway


 * Planning
 * 1972: Funding for Tacoma Spur and Bayside Drive sought from state
 * March 1978: FHWA and WSDOT recommend Interstate status


 * Later projects
 * 1991: Mayor proposes lid

History

 * OR 212 and OR 213 roughly parallel future I-205 corridor
 * OR 212 continued west from Oregon City to Tualatin (as of 1972)


 * Planning
 * Eastern bypass proposed in 1943 by Robert Moses plan
 * Late 1940s: Plans for second Columbia River crossing, including option to extend Sandy Boulevadr over Government Island near current I-205 bridge site
 * Twinned bridge ultimately chosen
 * Government Island proposal revived in 1950s
 * Lady Island studied by both states in 1959
 * 1957: Washington survey to establish route for connecting Interstate between Salmon Creek and Hollywood Freeway (Portland)
 * 1960s: Planned I-205 causes development boom in northeast Vancouver that lasts into 1970s
 * October 1966: Final throughway agreements for West Linn, Oregon City, and Gladstone approved by commission


 * Construction


 * May 28, 1970: Willamette River Bridge dedicated and opens
 * 2,717 feet long (main span: 430 feet), cost $17.1 million
 * December 15, 1982: Jackson Bridge opened, cost $175 million (most expensive in Oregon history)
 * Proposed since 1965, authorized in 1976, construction began on August 23
 * Initial work began in 1970 despite lawsuits
 * Planned to open in mid-1983 (or 1984), but accelerated by Washington state
 * Opening includes Lombard section and Airport Way ramps

From History of State Highways in Oregon (p. 64-2)
 * Designations


 * November 15, 1977: Bridge designated the Glenn L. Jackson Bridge
 * March 25, 1981: Abandonment of Lake Road / Clackamas River section (Abandonment Resolution 601)


 * Other notes
 * 1970 cost estimate: $229.2 million total, including $43.98 million for bridge; 25.9 miles in Oregon
 * 1970: WSDOT estimates cost of construction at $273 million
 * 1971: Campaign to designate I-205 as a scenic highway to prevent encroachment from billboards and signs
 * 1974 cost estimate: $162 million spent to date, $55 million for later work, $116 million for bridge; $333 million total
 * 1976 EIS pamphlet by ODOT:


 * Later history
 * 1995: West Linn southbound rest area closes due to crime and NIMBYs
 * 2000: Designated as Veterans Memorial Highway
 * Only Oregon highway where flags are permitted
 * 2009: 17,000 solar panels planned
 * 2008: Small grid installed at I-5 interchange in Tualatin to power 28 percent of lighting needs


 * Other plans
 * Westside bypass plans in the 1990s, canned after lobbying from 1000 Friends of Oregon
 * 1967 map for Rivergate Freeway
 * 1988: $17 million budgeted for engineering studies and ROW acquisition
 * 1991 study
 * "disappeared from serious policy debate in 1995"
 * Revivals

History

 * Old US 30 alignment on Burnside etc.
 * Industrial Freeway proposals from 1955 onward
 * Moses plan (1943)?
 * 1964: Protest from Willamette Heights residents
 * 1971 lawsuit
 * November 1978: Portland City Council rejects funding
 * September 13, 1979: Governor Atiyeh requests withdrawl
 * December 14, 1979: USDOT cancels project, reallocates funds
 * Late 1988: US 30 project finished

History

 * 1964–65: Proposal to extend Interstate via US 30 to Astoria submitted by Oregon to U.S. Congress
 * HJM 18

Interstate construction

 * November 1959: First Interstate shields in state added to I-80N near Rooster Rock
 * 1950s to 1970s: new surface-level route through gorge
 * Several sections destroyed or usurped by new highway construction
 * 1953: Mosier to Rownea (6 mi; near The Dalles) opened
 * July 1954 completion for all sections?
 * By 1954: Troutdale to The Dalles water-level route completed
 * 1956: 382-mile section of US 30 designated as federal aid route
 * September 15, 1956: New section of US 30 between Emigrant Hill and Ontario opens
 * 1956–58: Troutdale to Rooster Rock Park (7.84 mi), Mosier and Rowena (3.13 mi), Chenoweth Creek to The Dalles (1.88 mi), etc.
 * July 30, 1959: Meacham to Glover (4 lanes)
 * November 1960: Glover to Upper Perry (2 lanes) and Upper Perry to Orodell (4 lanes)
 * August 31, 1962: Deadman Pass to Meacham (9.4 miles, began in late 1958)
 * September 20, 1962: Emigrant Hill (Deadman Pass) to La Grande dedicated (33 miles, $15 million, 4 lanes)
 * Follows original Oregon Trail
 * June 29, 1964: The Dalles bypass (4.6 miles, $7.9 million)
 * 1967: Additional work near Troutdale completed?
 * October 28, 1969: Tooth Rock tunnel (renovated) and viaduct (new) opened; final freeway segment/bottleneck between Portland and Pendleton
 * November 1969: Pendleton bypass opened?
 * As of December 1969: Tooth Rock Tunnel, 9.3 miles near Pendleton
 * By 1970: 4-lane and interchange added to gorge section
 * 1972: 62 miles of I-80N under construction; all four-lane execpt for Ladd Canyon/North Powder in Baker County
 * 1973: All complete, but Super-2 sections remained between Boardman and Pendleton
 * La Grande to North Powder
 * July 3, 1975: Baker City dedicated (completing I-80N)


 * Banfield
 * 1926: High-speed expressway through Sullivan Gulch studied by city
 * to follow existing railroad
 * 1947: Gulch expressway plans revived; attempted renaming to "Sullivan Gulch Pike" fails
 * 1953: First bids
 * October 1, 1955: Banfield from Hollywood (42nd) to Troutdale opened
 * No shoulder, no center barrier (several crashes)
 * Caused sprawl in Gresham
 * 1957: Rest of Banfield


 * Mount Hood
 * I-80N designation to use new freeway along US 26 corridor south of Banfield, US 30 to use Banfield
 * 1972: Lawsuit filed against plan
 * 1975: Proposal withdrawn; funds used for MAX


 * Renumbering
 * 1958: I-82N becomes I-80N, as compromise over I-80 designation
 * 1977: Proposed renumbering to I-84 by Utah and Idaho, opposed by Oregon due to cost
 * Idaho proposal: I-84 along I-15W to Pocatello, but conditionally approved in July on the whole I-80N corridor
 * October 1977: Oregon agrees to renumbering, to cost $187,000 (90% federal)
 * AASHO denies renumbering initially
 * Approved in August 1979, as part of un-suffixing, and to be done by May 1
 * 1980: Officially changed on May 1, with sign removal beginning two years earlier

Later years

 * 1986: Banfield expanded from four to six lanes; MAX light rail added
 * 2014: Vietnam Veterans Memorial Highway designation (matching Idaho)
 * 2016: Safety improvements between Pendleton and La Grande, including variable speed zones

History

 * Pacific Highway auto trail championed by good roads groups in 1910s
 * Split between West and East Valley leads to suffixed routes


 * Freeway construction
 * 1952-1954: "New Pacific Highway" planned on entirely new alignment for expressway-grade construction
 * 47-mile corridor from Portland to Salem, estimated to cost $11 million
 * Gradually extended south from original freeway to Salem
 * R.H. Baldock Freeway construction begins in 1954, completed in 1961
 * First highway contract awarded in January 1959
 * Originally named Portland-Salem Expressway; renamed for retiring highway engineer R.H. Baldock in July 1956
 * Governor Martin suggested
 * November 1, 1954: Wilsonville to Tigard paved and grade-separated, but no intermediate interchanges
 * Wilsonville (Boone) bridge partially opened on July 1 to replace ferry
 * November 1, 1954: Salem bypass opens (9.5 miles, $2.6 million)
 * November 1, 1955: Salem to Wilsonville section opens (25 miles)
 * 2-lane section remains between Brooks and Broadacres
 * Completion of Portland-Salem expressway is the longest toll-free expressway in the United States, cutting 20 minutes from travel time
 * 35.7-mile expressway rebuilt and expanded to four lanes from May 2 to August 10, 1956, dedicated to Baldock
 * Cost $13.2 million to repave and rebuild
 * By late 1959: completed from Goshen to Canyonville, Albany to Portland
 * 1959: Myrtle Creek to Canyonville
 * 1958–59: Albany to Salem
 * October 28, 1958: Albany to Salem section opens, with exception of Santiam River bridge (11 miles)
 * January 24, 1959: Santiam River bridge opens west of Jefferson
 * April 14: Murder Creek section (2 miles) opens
 * November 25, 1959: Albany bypass, from OR 39 to North Albany (5 miles)
 * August 1960: Halsey to Albany area (11.5 miles)
 * Longest straight freeway in Oregon
 * November 10, 1960: Eugene/Q Street (OR 126/I-105) to Halsey (25 miles)
 * 6-mile segment near Halsey remains two lanes until next spring
 * December 1, 1961: Portland freeway from Tigard to Harbor/Ross bridge opens (6.6 miles, $16.4 million)
 * Routing decided in 1956
 * Full dedication of Baldock Freeway
 * December 5, 1961: Eugene bypass and Judkins Point bridge opens ($4 million), marking completion of 105-mile Baldock Freeway
 * Highway 99 designation to be kept on local roads through Eugene, per merchant request
 * Signs removed beginning late December 1961


 * Southern Oregon
 * August 31, 1956: US 99 upgraded between Creswell and Cottage Grove for $4.47 million
 * January 1957: Medford viaduct route adopted
 * November 9, 1958: Grants Pass to Jumpoff Joe Creek (6.5 mi, $2.1 million)
 * November 19, 1958: Myrtle Creek to Canyonville (6.36 mi, $4.572 million); last bypass of a Douglas County city
 * September 20, 1961: Rogue River to Rock Point/Gold Hill dedicated 2 weeks after opening (6 miles)
 * June 1, 1962: Grants Pass to Rogue River dedicated (10 miles, $10 million)
 * Third-longest continuations freeway in Oregon at 24 miles
 * August 1962: Rice Hill to North Oakland 7.2 miles)
 * December 20, 1962: Medford viaduct opens
 * Subject to routing dispute in 1956; other options considered were a western bypass, or Genesee Street residential area
 * 1962: 36 miles opened (Grants Pass to Rogue River, Gold Hill to Medford, Rice Hill to North Oakland)
 * January 11, 1963: Goshen to Creswell
 * September 4, 1963: Cottage Grove to London Road (2.5 mi)
 * December 21, 1965: Northbound lanes of Siskiyou Summit segment opens (11.45 miles, Ashland to CA border)
 * June 21, 1966: Southbound lanes open
 * Required extensive earthworks
 * December 21, 1966: Northbound lanes open
 * I-5 dedicated on October 22, 1966, at Cow Creek (near Glendale)
 * First freeway to be completed from state to state; I-5 would be completed through Washington in 1969 and California in 1972
 * Estimated cost of $298 million (92.28 federal); 18 rest areas (9 pairs), 114 interchanges, 467 bridges, 80 million cu yards of dirt, 18 percent of traffic
 * Impact: small-town merchants hurt
 * Remaining section (25 mi): Jumpoff Joe Creek and Canyonville


 * East Bank/Minnesota Freeway
 * 1943 Moses plan: Closer to river
 * 1950s: Routing controversy
 * Albina (majority black area) chosen
 * 1959: Commission chooses route along Minnesota/Missouri avenues
 * ROW acquisition begins
 * Construction requires severing of 51 streets
 * 1959: Portland City Council to pay 25% of cost for Eastside Esplanade ($80,000) after BPR denies funds; 45-foot walkway to beautify waterfront
 * Construction required destruction of 180 homes (began 1959), relocation of 400 residents
 * Completed 1962 to 1963
 * December 3, 1964: Final section opens


 * October 18, 1966: Marquam Bridge finished, completing all of Oregon's I-5
 * November 1, 1966: Tolls and last traffic light removed on Interstate Bridge


 * Later projects
 * 1969: Widening approved for Wilsonville to Salem, requiring demolition and replacement of 25 bridges
 * 1971: New mileposts and exit numbering
 * 1973: Portland to Salem widening (6 lanes)
 * Harbor Drive cancelled
 * 1970s: Salem widening
 * 1970: Wilsonville bridge widened to six lanes
 * 1998: $4 million seismic retrofit
 * 1990–94: Marquam Bridge widened to six lanes, including new approaches to eliminate tight curve
 * Seismic retrofit also included in response to 1989 SF earthquake


 * Recent history
 * August 1988: 21-vehicle accident near Albany kills 7 people, caused by smoke burning
 * November 25, 1996: Sinkhole at Umpqua River near Roseburg (50 feet deep, 100 feet long) closes northbound lanes after swallowing two trucks and injuring drivers
 * All four lanes reopen on November 25
 * 1998: HOV lane between Going and Marine added to NB lanes
 * 2009–2013: New Whilamut Passage Bridge built to replace Judkins Point (1961)


 * Proposals
 * Columbia River Crossing project (ended in 2013)
 * Rose Quarter lane expansion controversy
 * Effects on schools
 * Westside Bypass (proposed many times, mostly abandoned by 1990s but revived)
 * Firmest proposal in 1988, abandoned after STOP and LUTRAQ alternative plan in 1996
 * 2012: Freeway cap proposal
 * Marquam Bridge replacement proposals: demolition, rerouting onto I-405, or tunnel
 * East Bank replacement
 * Rerouting discussed in 1986
 * 2017: Toll proposal

ME 9 extension

 * I-Guide, Kurumi, Floodgap, archived 2006 page
 * Bangor Daily News timeline (2014)
 * Part of East–West Highway corridor
 * 1999 corridor study (p. 25)
 * Project website
 * ROD 2016: Preferred alternative is a super-two expressway


 * Timeline
 * 1939 and 1944 pre-Interstate plans show Houlton or Calais?
 * NAFTA