List of Arabic letter components

This is a list of Arabic letter components used in Arabic script.

Table of Letter Components
A = The letter is used for most languages and dialects with writing systems based on Arabic.

MSA = Letters used in Modern Standard Arabic.

CA = Letters used in Classical Arabic.

AD = Letters used in some regional Arabic Dialects.

"Arabic" = Letters used in Classical Arabic, Modern Standard Arabic, and most regional dialects.

"Farsi" = Letters used in modern Persian.

FW = Foreign words: the letter is sometimes used to spell foreign words.

SV = Stylistic variant: the letter is used interchangeably with at least one other letter depending on the calligraphic style.

AW = Arabic words: the letter is used in additional languages to spell Arabic words.


 * – B̤ē, used to represent a voiced bilabial implosive in Hausa, Sindhi and Saraiki.
 * – Pe, used to represent the phoneme in Persian, Pashto, Punjabi, Khowar, Sindhi, Urdu, Kurdish; it is not used in most Arabic varieties (except Mesopotamian and Gulf) and it is normalized as /b/; e.g., pepsi > bibsi.
 * – used to represent the equivalent of the Latin letter Ƴ (palatalized glottal stop ) in some African languages such as Fulfulde.
 * – represents an aspirated voiced bilabial plosive in Sindhi.
 * – Ṭhē, represents the aspirated voiceless retroflex plosive in Sindhi.
 * – ṭē, used to represent the phoneme in Pashto.
 * – Ṭe, used to represent the phoneme (a voiceless retroflex plosive ) in Sindhi
 * – Ṭe, used to represent Ṭ (a voiceless retroflex plosive ) in Punjabi, Urdu.
 * – Teheh, used in Sindhi and Rajasthani (when written in Sindhi alphabet); used to represent the phoneme (pinyin q) in Chinese Xiao'erjing.
 * – represents the "ц" voiceless dental affricate phoneme in Bosnian.
 * – represents the "ћ" voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate  phoneme in Bosnian.
 * – Che, used to represent ("ch"). It is used in Persian, Pashto, Punjabi, Urdu and Kurdish.  in Egypt.
 * – Ce, used to represent the phoneme in Pashto.
 * – represents the "ђ" voiced alveolo-palatal affricate phoneme in Bosnian.
 * – źim, used to represent the phoneme in Pashto.
 * – used in Saraiki to represent a Voiced alveolar implosive.
 * – used in Saraiki to represent a voiced retroflex implosive.
 * – Ḍal, used to represent a Ḍ (a voiced retroflex plosive ) in Punjabi and Urdu.
 * – Dhal used to represent the phoneme in Sindhi
 * – Ḍal, used to represent the phoneme in Pashto.
 * – Ṛe, represents a retroflex flap in Punjabi and Urdu.
 * – "ṛe" represents a retroflex lateral flap in Pashto.
 * – used in Ormuri to represent a voiced alveolo-palatal fricative, as well as in Torwali.
 * – Že/zhe, used to represent the voiced postalveolar fricative in, Persian, Pashto, Kurdish, Urdu, Punjabi and Uyghur.
 * – ǵe / ẓ̌e, used to represent the phoneme   in Pashto.
 * – used in Kurdish to represent rr in Soranî dialect.
 * – used in Kalami to represent a voiceless retroflex fricative, and in Ormuri to represent a voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative /ɕ/.
 * – used in Shina to represent a voiceless retroflex fricative.
 * – x̌īn /ṣ̌īn, used to represent the phoneme   in Pashto.
 * — used to represent Spanish words with in Morocco.
 * – Ga, used to represent the voiced velar plosive in Algerian and Tunisian.
 * – Gaf, represents a voiced velar plosive in Persian, Pashto, Punjabi, Kyrgyz, Kazakh, Kurdish, Uyghur, Mesopotamian, Urdu and Ottoman Turkish.
 * – Gaf, used to represent the phoneme in Pashto.
 * or – Gaf, represents a voiced velar plosive  in the Jawi script of Malay.
 * – Gaf, represents a voiced velar plosive in the Pegon script of Indonesian.
 * – Ng, used to represent the phone in Ottoman Turkish, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, and Uyghur, and to represent the  in Morocco and in many dialects of Algerian.
 * – Ee, used to represent the phoneme in Somali.
 * – E, used to represent the phoneme in Somali.
 * – Ii, used to represent the phoneme in Somali and Saraiki.
 * – O, used to represent the phoneme in Somali.
 * – Pasta Ye, used to represent the phoneme in Pashto and Uyghur.
 * – Nārīna Ye, used to represent the phoneme [ɑj] and phoneme in Pashto.
 * – x̌əźīna ye Ye, used to represent the phoneme [əi] in Pashto.
 * – FāiliyaYe, used to represent the phoneme [əi] and in Pashto, Punjabi, Saraiki and Urdu
 * – Oo, used to represent the phoneme in Somali.
 * – Uu, used to represent the phoneme in Somali.
 * – represents a voiced velar implosive in Sindhi and Saraiki
 * – represents the Velar nasal phoneme in Sindhi.
 * – Khē, represents in Sindhi.
 * ݣ – used to represent the phoneme  (pinyin ng) in Chinese.
 * – represents the retroflex nasal phoneme in Pashto.
 * – represents the retroflex nasal phoneme in Sindhi.
 * – used in Punjabi to represent and Saraiki to represent.
 * – Nya in the Jawi script.
 * – Nya in the Pegon script.
 * – Nga in the Jawi script and Pegon script and Gain   in Khowar alphabet.
 * – used in Kurdish to represent ll in Soranî dialect.
 * – used in Marwari to represent a retroflex lateral flap, and in Kalami to represent a voiceless lateral fricative.
 * – Vi, used in Algerian and Tunisian when written in Arabic script to represent the sound.
 * – Ve, used in by some Arabic speakers to represent the phoneme /v/ in loanwords, and in the Kurdish language when written in Arabic script to represent the sound . Also used as pa  in the Jawi script and Pegon script.
 * – Va in the Jawi script.
 * – represents a voiced labiodental fricative in Kyrgyz, Uyghur, and Old Tatar; and   in Kazakh; also formerly used in Nogai.
 * – represents "O" in Kurdish, and in Uyghur it represents the sound similar to the French eu andœu  sound. It represents the "у" close back rounded vowel  phoneme in Bosnian.
 * – represents Ê or É in Kurdish.
 *  – Do-chashmi he (two-eyed hāʼ), used in digraphs for aspiration and breathy voice  in Punjabi and Urdu.
 * – Baṛī ye ('big yāʼ'), represents "ai" or "e" in Urdu, and Punjabi.
 * ڞ – used to represent the phoneme  (pinyin c) in Chinese.
 * ط – used to represent the phoneme   (pinyin z) in Chinese.
 * – represents the "o" open-mid back rounded vowel phoneme in Bosnian.
 * – represents the "њ" palatal nasal phoneme in Bosnian.
 * – represents the "љ" palatal lateral approximant phoneme in Bosnian.
 * – represents the "и" close front unrounded vowel phoneme in Bosnian.

different dots above and below

 * ݓ U+0753, ݓ ARABIC LETTER BEH WITH THREE DOTS POINTING UPWARDS BELOW AND TWO DOTS ABOVE. Hausa https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%DD%93
 * ݑ U+0751, ݑ ARABIC LETTER BEH WITH DOT BELOW AND THREE DOTS ABOVE. Wolof https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%DD%91

numeral

 * Burushaski ݸ
 * Burushaski ݹ
 * Burushaski ݳ
 * Burushaski ݴ
 * Burushaski ݶ
 * Burushaski ݷ
 * Burushaski ݻ