List of active separatist movements in Asia

This is a list of active separatist movements in Asia. Separatism can include autonomism and secessionism, despite the fact that independence is the primary goal of many separatist movements. Many separatist movements arise as a result of religious, racial, social, and cultural disparities between certain peoples and the majority or ruling class in a country.

Criteria
What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria:
 * 1) They are active movements with active members.
 * 2) They are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region (as opposed to personal autonomy).
 * 3) They are citizens/people of the conflict area and do not come from another country.

Under each region listed is one or more of the following:
 * De facto state (de facto entity): for unrecognized regions with de facto autonomy.
 * Proposed state: proposed name for a seceding sovereign state.
 * Proposed autonomous area: for movements towards greater autonomy for an area but not outright secession.
 * De facto autonomous government: for governments with de facto autonomous control over a region.
 * Government-in-exile: for a government based outside of the region in question, with or without control.
 * Political party (or parties): for political parties involved in a political system to push for autonomy or secession.
 * Militant organisation(s): for armed organisations.
 * Advocacy group(s): for non-belligerent, non-politically participatory entities.
 * Ethnic/ethno-religious/racial/regional/religious group(s).

Afghanistan


South Turkestan
 * Ethnic group: Uyghurs, Tajiks, Uzbeks and Turkic people
 * Proposed state: Southern Turkestan
 * Militant organisations: Turkestan Freedom Tigers

Azerbaijan
Territory of the short-lived Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic
 * Autonomist movements
 * People: Talysh people
 * Proposed: greater autonomy within the borders of Azerbaijan
 * Political organisation: Talysh National Movement
 * Government in exile: Flag of Talysh.svg Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic


 * Ethnic group: Lezgins
 * Proposed: Independence or greater autonomy for Lezgistan
 * Political organisation: Lezgin flag sadval.png Sadval movement, Federal Lezgian National and Cultural Autonomy, Samur

Bangladesh
Chittagong Hill Tracts


 * Ethnic group: Jumma people
 * Proposed: Autonomy for the Chittagong Hill Tracts
 * Political parties: Parbatya Chattagram Jana Samhati Samiti, United People's Democratic Front

Zale'n-gam
 * Ethnic group: Kuki
 * Proposed state: Flag of the Kuki people.svg Zale'n-gam
 * Militant organisation: Kuki National Army, Kuki-Chin National Front
 * Advocacy group: Kuki National Organisation

Zogam (Parts of Chittagong hill tracts)
 * Ethnic group: Zomi
 * Proposed state: Zogam
 * Militant organisation: Zomi Revolutionary Army

Bangabhumi
 * Ethnic group: Hindu Bengalis
 * Proposed state: Bangabhumi
 * Militant organization: Banga Sena

China
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region


 * Ethnic group: Uyghurs
 * Proposed state: East Turkestan
 * Government-in-exile: East Turkistan Government-in-Exile
 * Militant organizations: Turkistan Islamic Party, East Turkestan Liberation Organization
 * Advocacy group: East Turkistan National Awakening Movement

🇭🇰 Hong Kong


 * Ethnic group: Han Chinese of Hong Kong
 * Proposed state: 🇭🇰 Hong Kong or reunification with the 🇬🇧 United Kingdom as an Flag of Hong Kong (1959–1997).svg Overseas Territory
 * Political parties: Youngspiration, Hong Kong Indigenous, Hong Kong National Party, Alliance of Resuming British Sovereignty over Hong Kong and Independence, Hong Kong Independence Party

Tibet


 * Ethnic group: Tibetan people
 * Proposed state: Tibet (includes all of Xizang and parts of Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, and Yunnan)
 * Government-in-exile: Central Tibetan Administration
 * Advocacy groups: Tibetan Youth Congress, International Tibet Independence Movement

Inner Mongolia


 * Proposed state: Inner Mongolia (member of the UNPO) or unification with 🇲🇳 Mongolia
 * Ethnic group: Mongols
 * Political parties: Southern Mongolian Democratic Alliance, Mongolian Liberal Union Party, Inner Mongolian People's Party

Minor movements

 * Proposed_National_Flag_of_Shanghai.jpg Shanghainese nationalism
 * Tricolor_Kapok.png Cantonese nationalism,
 * Flag_of_the_Basuria_independence_movement.svg Bashu nationalism
 * Flag_of_Manchukuo.svg Manchukuo Government

Georgia


Territory of the former Abkhaz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic


 * Ethnic group: Abkhazians
 * De facto state: Abkhazia (recognized by 5 UN members)
 * Political organization: Government of Abkhazia
 * Militant organization: Abkhazian Armed Forces

Territory of the former South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast


 * Ethnic group: Ossetians
 * De facto state: South Ossetia (recognized by 5 UN members)
 * Political organization: Government of South Ossetia
 * Militant organization: Armed Forces of South Ossetia

Javakheti


 * Ethnic group: Armenians in Samtskhe–Javakheti
 * Proposed autonomous region: Javakhk (Javakheti)
 * Political party: United Javakhk Democratic Alliance

India
Assam
 * Separatist movements


 * Proposed state: Assam
 * Ethnic group: Assamese people
 * Militant organizations: Flag of United Liberation Front of Asom.svg United Liberation Front of Asom, BlackFlag.svg Muslim United Liberation Tigers of Assam

Nagaland


 * Proposed state: Unofficial flag of Nagaland.svg Nagalim
 * Ethnic group: Naga people
 * Militant organization: Unofficial flag of Nagaland.svg National Socialist Council of Nagaland



Kashmir
 * Proposed: independence or autonomy for Jammu and Kashmir from India or unification with Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan
 * Ethnic group: Kashmiri Muslims
 * Political organizations: All Parties Hurriyat Conference, Jammu & Kashmir Ittihadul Muslimeen
 * Political parties (autonomy): Jammu and Kashmir People's Conference, Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party, Jammu & Kashmir National Conference
 * Militant organizations: Lashkar-e-Taiba, Hizbul Mujahideen,  Jaish-e-Mohammed,  Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front

Kamtapur
 * Proposed state: Kamtapur or becoming a state of India
 * Ethnic group: Rajbanshi people
 * Political parties (statehood): Kamtapur People's Party
 * Militant organization: Flag of the Kamtapur Liberation Organisation.png Kamtapur Liberation Organisation

Manipur


 * Proposed state: Flag of Kangleipak.svg Manipur
 * Ethnic groups: Meitei, Pangal, Naga
 * Government-in-exile: Manipur State Council
 * Militant organizations: Bandera UNLF.svg United National Liberation Front, Bandera FPRM Manipur.png People's Liberation Army of Manipur, South Asian Communist Banner.svg Kangleipak Communist Party, People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak, Kanglei Yawol Kanna Lup, South Asian Communist Banner.svg Maoist Communist Party of Manipur

Sikkim
 * Proposed state: Flag_of_Sikkim_(1967-1975).svg Kingdom of Sikkim
 * Ethnic group: Sikkimese people

Punjab, India
 * Proposed state: Flag-of-Khalistan.svg Khalistan
 * Ethnic group: Punjabi Sikhs
 * Militant organizations: Babbar Khalsa, Bhindranwale Tiger Force of Khalistan, Khalistan Commando Force, KLF Logo.jpg Khalistan Liberation Force, Khalistan Zindabad Force, ISYF, AISSF, International Sikh Youth Federation, Waris Punjab De

Meghalaya


 * Proposed state: Meghalaya
 * Ethnic groups: Khasi people, Pnar people
 * Militant organization: Hynniewtrep National Liberation Council
 * Advocacy group: Seng-Khasi.png Seng Khasi Movement

Tripuri-majority areas of Tripura
 * Proposed state: Tipraland
 * Ethnic group: Tripuri people
 * Political parties: Tipra Motha Party, Tipraland State Party,  Indigenous Nationalist Party of Twipra
 * Militant organisation: National Liberation Front of Tripura, All Tripura Tiger Force

Mizoram
 * Proposed state: Bandera de Mizoram.svg Mizoram
 * Ethnic group: Mizo people
 * Political parties: Mizo National Front, Zoram People's Movement, Hmar People's Convention

Kukiland
 * Proposed state: Zale'n-gam
 * Ethnic group: Flag of the Kuki people.svg Bnei Menashe
 * Militant organisation: Kuki National Army
 * Advocacy group: Kuki National Organisation

Santhal Pargana
 * Proposed state: Santals (India) Flag.gif Santhal Pargana
 * Ethnic group: Santal people
 * Militant organisation: Birsa Commando Force

Dimasaland
 * Ethnic group: Flag of Kruishoutem.svg Dimasa People
 * Proposed state: Dimasaland
 * Militant organisation: Dimasa National Liberation Army

Tiwa
 * Ethnic group: Tiwa people
 * Proposed state: Flag red white yellow 5x3.svg Tiwa State
 * Militant organizations: Tiwa Liberation Army (TLA)

Zogam (In India the claimed territories are: Barak Valley, Tripura, East Jaintia Hills, Dima Hasao district and Karbi Anglong district of Assam)
 * Ethnic group: Zomi
 * Proposed state: Zogam
 * Militant organisation: Zomi Revolutionary Army

South India (includes Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Puducherry, Lakshadweep and Telangana)
 * Ethnic groups: Dravidians (Telugus, Tamils, Kannadigas, Malayalis, Tuluvas)
 * Proposed state: Republic of South India  or Flag DMK.svg Dravida Nadu
 * Political party: Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK)
 * Autonomist or statehood movements

Rabha Hasong
 * State or extended autonomous area: Flag of Rabhaland.svg Rabha Hasong
 * Ethnic group: Rabha people
 * Militant organizations: Rabha Jatiya Aikya Manch, Rabha Vipers Army (RVA), Rabha National Liberation Army, Rabha Jatiya Mukti Bahini (RJMB)

Gorkhaland Ladakh
 * Ethnic group: Indian Gorkhas
 * Proposal: creation of a separate autonomous Gorkhaland state within India
 * Political movement: GreenWhiteYellowFlag.svg Gorkhaland movement
 * Political parties: Flag of Gurkhaland.svg Gorkha National Liberation Front, All India Gorkha League.png Akhil Bharatiya Gorkha League, Gorkha Janmukti Morcha
 * Ethnic group: Ladakhis
 * Proposed autonomous region: Ladakh

Garo Hills
 * Ethnic group: In garoland.svg Garo people
 * Proposal: making the Garo Hills Autonomous District Council into an autonomous state of India
 * Political party: Garo National Council

Bundelkhand
 * Ethnic group: Bundelkhandi
 * Proposal: making the region of Bundelkhand into a state of India
 * Political party: Bundelkhand Mukti Morcha

Vidarbha


 * Ethnic group: Marathi people
 * Proposal: separation of Vidarbha from the state of Maharashtra
 * Political party: Vidarbha Rajya Party, Vidarbha Vikas Party, Nag Vidarbha Andolan Samiti

Goa
 * Ethnic group: Goans
 * Proposed autonomous region: Goa
 * Political party: Niz Goenkar Revolution Front

Jammu region
 * Ethnic group: Dogri people
 * Proposal: separation of the Dogra Flag of Jammu and Kashmir.jpg region from Jammu and Kashmir as a separate state within india
 * Political party: Ikkjutt Jammu

Bodoland
 * Ethnic group: Bodo people
 * Proposal: statehood for Bandera Bodoland.svgand
 * Political party: Front Nacional Democratic Bodoland.svg Bodo National Students Union

Indonesia



 * Ethnic group: Acehnese
 * Proposed state: Flag of Free Aceh Movement.svg Aceh
 * Militant organisation: Free Aceh Movement (negotiated peace with the Indonesian government in 2005, and now it is a civil movement, but the separatism still has supporters)
 * Advocacy Group: Aceh-Sumatra National Liberation Front (Member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)

Riau Minahasa Peninsula Maluku (province)
 * Ethnic group: Riau Malays
 * Proposed state: Flag of Riau Independists.svg Riau or unification with 🇲🇾 Malaysia
 * Advocacy group: Gerakan Riau Merdeka
 * Ethnic group: Minahasan
 * Proposed state: Flag of the Minahasan People.svg Greater Minahasa
 * Advocacy group: Independent Minahasa Movement (Gerakan Minahasa Merdeka), Greater Minahasa Alliance
 * Ethnic group: Moluccans
 * Proposed state: Flag_of_South_Moluccas.svg South Moluccas
 * Government-in-exile: Republic of South Moluccas (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
 * Advocacy group: Maluku Sovereignty Front

Bali
 * Ethnic group: Balinese
 * Proposed autonomous area or state: Old Flag of Bali.svg Bali
 * Advocacy group: Bali government, ForBALI

Iran
Khūzestān Province
 * Ethnic group: Khuzestani Arabs
 * Proposed state: Flag of Arabistan.svg Al-Ahwaz
 * Militant organisations: Al-Ahwaz Arab People's Democratic Popular Front, National Liberation Movement of Ahwaz, Ahwaz Arab Renaissance Party, Ahwaz Liberation Organisation, Arab Struggle Movement for the Liberation of Ahwaz
 * Advocacy group: Democratic Solidarity Party of Al-Ahwaz (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)

Iranian Kurdistan (Irredentism)
 * Ethnic groups: Kurds
 * Proposed state: Flag of Kurdistan.svg Kurdistan
 * Political parties: Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
 * Militant organisations: Party for a Free Life in Kurdistan, Komalah

Iranian Azerbaijan Balochistan
 * Ethnic groups: Iranian Azerbaijanis
 * Proposed state: South Azerbaijan   or unification with 🇦🇿 Azerbaijan
 * Advocacy group: South Azerbaijan National Awakening Movement, Azerbaijan National Resistance Organization


 * Ethnic group: Balochs
 * Proposed state: BRA flag.jpg Balochistan along with Balochistan, Pakistan and Baloch majority territories in Afghanistan
 * Militant organisations: Jundallah (Historical),  Jaish ul-Adl (Currently Active)

Iraq
Proposed state: Kurdistan
 * Ethnic group: Kurds
 * Current de jure and de facto autonomous region: Iraqi Kurdistan
 * Political parties: Kurdistan Independence Movement, Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iraq, Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (members of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
 * Militant organisation: Peshmerga

Assyria
 * Proposed autonomous area: Nineveh Plains
 * Ethnic group: Assyrians, Chaldeans, Arab Christians
 * Proposed state: Assyria
 * Political parties: Assyrian Democratic Movement, Assyrian Universal Alliance (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization), Assyria Liberation Party
 * Militant organisation: Nineveh Plain Protection Units
 * Advocacy groups: Assyrian General Conference, Assyria Council of Europe
 * Proposed autonomous area: Al-Rafidain Autonomous Region
 * Ethnic groups: Assyrians, Turkmen, Yazidis
 * Political parties: Turkmen Rescue Foundation, Yazidi Independent Supreme Council and the Al-Rafidain Organization

Proposed state: Basra
 * Current de jure and de facto autonomous region: Flag of Basra Governorate.svg Governorate
 * Proposal: Basra has proposed uniting with the Dhi Qar and Maysan governorates as an autonomous region or total independence

Turkmeneli
 * Ethnic group: Iraqi Turkmen
 * Proposed autonomous region or state: Turkmeneli
 * Political party: Iraqi Turkmen Front (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)

Sinjar District
 * Ethnic group: Yazidis
 * Proposal: autonomy for the Sinjar region, including the Sinjar Mountains
 * Political parties:Yazidi Movement for Reform and Progress flag.svg Yazidi Movement for Reform and Progress, Sinjar Alliance

Israel


West Bank and the Gaza Strip
 * People: Palestinians
 * De jure state: Palestine (recognized by 144 UN member states)
 * Proposal: re-unification with 🇮🇱 Israel or recognition of Palestine
 * Political organization: Government of Palestine
 * Militant organization: Palestinian National Security Forces, Palestine Liberation Army

Japan
Okinawa


 * Ethnic group: Ryukyuan
 * Proposed state or autonomous area: Ryukyu independence flag.svgUSCAR flag of the Ryukyu Islands, 1954 (unofficial).svgFlag of Ryukyu.svgFlag of the Okinawa Civilian Administration.svglic of Ryukyu or Ryukyu Kingdom
 * Political parties: Kariyushi Club, formerly Ryūkyū Independence Party (琉球独立党)
 * Political groups: Ryukyu independence movement
 * Note: The supporters of the movement want the Amami Islands in Kagoshima Prefecture, former part of the defunct Ryukyu Kingdom until 1609, to be part of independent Ryukyu.

Laos
Northern Laos
 * Ethnic group: Hmong people
 * Proposed autonomous area: Hmong Flag (UNPO).svg ChaoFa Hmong
 * Organization: Congress of World Hmong People

Malaysia
Sarawak Sabah
 * Ethnic groups: Chinese, (See Demographics of Sarawak)
 * Proposed state: Flag of the Raj of Sarawak (1870).svg Sarawak
 * Advocacy groups: Borneo Heritage Foundation (BHF), Sarawak For Sarawakian Big Team (S4S Big Team), Sarawak Association of People's Aspirations (SAPA), Sarawak Sovereignty Movement, Sabah Sarawak Keluar Malaysia (SSKM), Sarawak Liberation Movement
 * Political parties: Parti Bumi Kenyalang
 * Ethnic groups: Chinese, (See Demographics of Sabah)
 * Proposed state: Sabah
 * Advocacy groups: Borneo Heritage Foundation (BHF), Sabah Sarawak Keluar Malaysia (SSKM)

Myanmar


Arakan
 * Ethnic group: Rakhine
 * Proposed state: Flag of Rakhine.svg Arakan State
 * Advocacy groups: Arakan Independence Alliance, Arakan Army (Kachin State), Arakan Army (Kayin State)

Chin State
 * Ethnic group: Chin
 * De Facto State: Chinland Flag_of_the_Chin_National_Front.svg
 * Political Party: Chin National Front
 * Militant organisation: Chin National Army (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)

Kawthoolei
 * Ethnic group: Karen
 * Proposed state: Kawthoolei Flag of the Karen National Union.svg
 * Militant organisation: Karen National Liberation Army
 * Advocacy group: Karen National Union

Karenni
 * Ethnic group: Karenni
 * Proposed state: Kayah State Flag of Kayah State.svg
 * Militant organisation: Karenni Army
 * Advocacy group: Karenni National Progressive Party (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
 * Government-in-exile: Karenni Provisional Government

Kokang
 * Ethnic group: Kokang people (ethnic Han Chinese)
 * Proposed state: Kokang Flag of the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army.svg
 * Militant organisation: Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army

Mon State
 * Ethnic group: Mon
 * Proposed state: Mon State, Monland Flag of Mon State (2018).svg New Mon State Party flag.svg
 * Political party: New Mon State Party

Northern Rakhine State
 * Ethnic group: Rohingya
 * Proposed state: Rahmanland Flag of Rahmanland (Rohingya).svg
 * Militant organisation: Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army
 * Advocacy groups: Arakan Rohingya National Organisation, Rohingya National Council

Shan States Pa'O
 * Ethnic group: Shan (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
 * Proposed state: Shan Republic Flag of the Shan State.svg
 * Political party: Shan Democratic Union
 * Militant organisation: Shan State Army
 * Advocacy group: Restoration Council of Shan State
 * Government in exile: Interim Government of Federated Shan States
 * Proposed state:Flag of the Pa-O National Organisation.svg Pa'O Self-Administered Zone
 * Ethnic group: Pa'O
 * Militant organisation: Flag of the Pa-O National Organisation.svg Pa-O National Liberation Army

Palaung


 * Proposed state: Flag of the Ta'ang National Liberation Army.svg Pa Laung Self-Administered Zone
 * Ethnic group: Palaung
 * Militant organisation: Flag of the Ta'ang National Liberation Army.svg Palaung State Liberation Army

Wa State
 * Ethnic group: Wa
 * Proposed/de facto State: Wa State United Wa State Army flag.png
 * Political party: Flag of the United Wa State Party.svg United Wa State Party
 * Militant organisation: United Wa State Army flag.png United Wa State Army

Zale'n-gam
 * Ethnic group: Kuki
 * Proposed state: Flag of the Kuki people.svg Zale'n-gam
 * Militant organisation: Kuki National Army
 * Advocacy group: Kuki National Organisation

Zogam Nagaland
 * Ethnic group: Zomi
 * Proposed state: Zogam
 * Militant organisation: Zomi Revolutionary Army


 * Proposed state: Unofficial flag of Nagaland.svg Nagalim
 * Ethnic group: Naga people
 * Militant organization: Unofficial flag of Nagaland.svg National Socialist Council of Nagaland

Kachin state


 * ethnic group: Kachin people
 * proposed state: Kachin state
 * militant organization: Kachin Independence Army

Nepal


Kirat Autonomous State
 * Ethnic group: Kiratis
 * Proposed state: Kirat
 * Political party: Kirat Janabadi Workers Party

Madhesh
 * Ethnic group: Madhesi peoples (including Maithils, Bhojpuris and Tharus).
 * Proposed state: Flag of Tarai-Madhesh Loktantrik Party.svg Madhesh
 * Militant organisations: Janatantrik Terai Mukti Morcha, Madhesh Mukti Tigers (MMT), Tharuwan National Liberation Front (TNLF)
 * Advocacy group: Alliance for Independent Madhesh Terai Madhesh Loktantrik Party,Terai Madhesh Loktantrik Party (2007),Terai Madhes Sadbhavana Party

Pakistan
Azad Kashmir


 * Proposed: secession of  Azad Kashmir from 🇵🇰 Pakistan
 * Ethnic groups: Kashmiri Muslims, Kashmiris
 * Political party: Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front

Gilgit Baltistan
 * Proposed: autonomy for Gilgit-Baltistan
 * Ethnic groups: Baltis, Shins
 * Political party: Flag of Balawaristan.svg Balawaristan National Front (Naji)

Balochistan


 * Ethnic group: Balochs
 * Proposed state: BRA flag.jpg Balochistan along with Sistan and Baluchestan of Iran and some parts of Afghanistan
 * Political parties: Baloch National Movement, Baloch Republican Party, Free Balochistan Movement (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
 * Militant organisations: Baloch Liberation Army, Baloch Liberation Front, Baloch Nationalist Army, Balochistan Liberation United Front, Lashkar-e-Balochistan, United Baloch Army, Balochistan Republican Army

Sindh

Pashtunistan
 * Ethnic group: Sindhi
 * Proposed state: Flag of Sindhudesh.svg Sindhudesh
 * Political parties: Jeay Sindh Qaumi Mahaz, Jeay Sindh Muttahida Mahaz, Sindh United Party
 * Student organization: Jeay Sindh Studdents' Federation
 * Militant organization: Sindhudesh Revolutionary Army


 * Ethnic group: Pashtun
 * Proposition: Advocating for the regional autonomy and increased Pashtun cultural expression
 * Political party : Awami National Party, Taliban

Karachi


 * Ethnic group: Muhajir
 * Proposition: Autonomy for Jinnahpur or creation of a separate province for the Muhajirs
 * Political Parties: Flag of MQM-Haqiqi.png Mohajir Qaumi Movement Pakistan,  Muttahida Qaumi Movement - London

Philippines
Sulu archipelago and parts of Zamboanga Peninsula
 * Ethnic groups: Moro (Tausūg, Banguingui, Sama-Bajau, Yakan)
 * Proposed state/autonomous area: Bangsa Sūg

Cordillera Administrative Region Mindanao
 * Ethnic group: Igorot
 * Proposed autonomous area: Cordillera Autonomous Region or Autonomous Region of the Cordillera
 * Advocacy groups: Autonomy in the Administrative Cordillera Movement, Cordillera People's Liberation Army, Cordillera Bodong Administration
 * Ethnic groups: Cebuano settlers and Hiligaynon settlers
 * Proposed state: Federal Republic of Mindanao
 * Advocacy group: Mindanao Independence Movement, Mindanao and Sabah Alliance

Other Islamic militants operating in Mindanao had goals to create an Islamic state in the Philippines, such as the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters.

Russia
Siberia or Siberian Federal District


 * Ethnic group: Russians, Siberians (Siberian peoples)
 * Proposed state or federal subject: Siberian Republic
 * Militant organisation: Sibir Battalion of the Civic Council
 * Advocacy groups: Siberian regionalist groups, Civil Council

Buryatia
 * Ethnic group: Buryats
 * Proposed state: Buryatia or unification with Mongolia
 * Advocacy groups: Free Buryatia Foundation

Ural Federal District
 * ethnic group: Russians
 * proposed state: Ural Republic
 * political parties: Ural Republic Movement, Free Ural, The Ural Democratic foundation

Sri Lanka


Tamil Eelam


 * Ethnic group: Sri Lankan Tamils
 * Proposed state:  Tamil Eelam
 * Militant organisation: Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam,    People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam, etc.
 * Political parties: Tamil National Alliance, People's Front of Liberation Tigers
 * Government in exile: Transnational Government of Tamil Eelam
 * Advocacy groups: Global Tamil Forum, Tamil Youth Organisation, World Tamil Movement

Syria
De facto autonomous region:

Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (Rojava)
 * Larger ethnic groups: Kurds, Arabs, Assyrians
 * Smaller ethnic groups: Armenians, Turkmen, Yazidis, Circassians
 * Political organisation: Syrian Democratic Council
 * Militant organisation: Syrian Democratic Forces

Separatist movements:

Assyria


 * Ethnic group: Assyrians
 * Proposed state: Flag of the Assyrians.png Assyria
 * Political parties: Syriac Union Party, Assyrian Democratic Organization
 * Militant organisations: Syriac Military Council, Sutoro
 * Advocacy groups: Assyria Council of Europe,

Taiwan
The 🇹🇼 Republic of China (ROC), commonly known as Taiwan, is a state that has diplomatic relations with 11 United Nations member states (as well as the Holy See, an observer).


 * Proposed state: Flag of World Taiwanese Congress.svg Republic of Taiwan
 * Movement: Taiwan independence movement, Taiwanese nationalism
 * Note: The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) has been democratically elected to power in Taiwan five times; in 2000 (until 2004), in 2004 (until 2008), in 2016 (until 2020), in 2020 (until 2024), and in 2024 (until 2028). Although the DPP has been the nominal ruling party of the Republic of China throughout these four ruling terms, the DPP has been pushing a pro-Taiwan independence agenda, whether tacitly or overtly. Some representatives of the DPP, such as William Lai, argue that Taiwan independence should not even be considered an "independence movement" but is rather the recognition of the reality of the current situation of the Republic of China on Taiwan. Many supporters of Taiwan independence believe that Taiwan, under the formal name of the "Republic of China", is already an independent country from mainland China, under the formal name of the "People's Republic of China". Some groups also exclude the Kinmen and Matsu Islands from their proposal.
 * Political parties: Pan-Green Coalition (Democratic Progressive Party, Taiwan Solidarity Union, Taiwan Independence Party), New Power Party, Taiwan Statebuilding Party
 * Advocacy groups: Keep Taiwan Free (Taiwanese organisation), World United Formosans for Independence

Taiwanese indigenous peoples
 * Ethnic group: Native Taiwanese
 * Proposed: autonomy for the indigenous peoples of Taiwan
 * Political party: Taiwan First Nations Party

Thailand


Patani


 * Ethnic group: Patani Malays
 * Proposed state: Flag of Pattani.svgFlag of Gabungan Melayu Pattani Raya.svg Pattani Darul Makrif, unification with 🇲🇾 Malaysia
 * Militant organisation: Patani United Liberation Organisation, Patani Malays National Revolutionary Front, Runda Kumpulan Kecil, Pattani Islamic Mujahideen Movement, Islamic Liberation Front of Patani
 * Advocacy group: Pelajar Bangsa

Turkey


Northern Kurdistan

Assyria Zazaistan
 * Ethnic group: Kurds
 * Proposed state: Flag of Kurdistan.svg Kurdistan
 * Militant organisations: Democrat Party of Kurdistan/North (PDK/Bakur), Revolutionary Party of Kurdistan (PŞK), Communist Party of Kurdistan (KKP)
 * Ethnic group: Assyrians, Arab Christians
 * Proposed state: Assyria
 * Political parties: Assyrian Democratic Movement, Assyria Liberation Party
 * Militant organisations: Nineveh Plain Protection Units, Dwekh Nawsha
 * Advocacy groups: Assyrian General Conference, Assyria Council of Europe
 * Ethnic group: Zazas
 * Proposed state:  Zazaistan
 * Political parties: Democracy Time Party
 * Advocacy groups: Federation of Zaza Associations

Uzbekistan


Karakalpakstan
 * Ethnic group: Karakalpaks
 * Proposed state: Flag of Karakalpakstan.svg Republic of Karakalpakstan
 * Advocacy group: Free Karakalpakstan National Revival Party (Activity)

Vietnam
Central Highlands (Vietnam)
 * Ethnic group: Montagnard
 * Proposed: autonomy for the Montagnard Degar Association (MDA) created in 1987 - Marko de Haeck.png Montagnard
 * Political organisations: Flag of Degar Montagnards.jpg Montagnard Foundation, Inc., United Front for the Liberation of Oppressed Races(Defunct), Montagnard Dega Association, Montagnard Human Rights Organization, United Montagnard People, M'Nong Bu-dang, Movement for the Unity of Ethnic Groups of South Viet-Nam

Mekong Delta and South East Vietnam
 * Ethnic group: Khmer Krom
 * Proposed: Autonomy or Independence for the Khmer Krom
 * Political party: Flag of KKF.svg Khmers Kampuchea-Krom Federation, United Front for the Liberation of Oppressed Races(Defunct)

Yemen



 * Flag of South Yemen.svg South Yemen
 * Proposed state: Flag of South Yemen.svg The Republic of South Arabia or Flag of South Yemen.svg Hadhramout Arab State or Flag of South Yemen.svg The Republic of South Yemen
 * De facto state: Southern Transitional Council
 * Political parties: Yemeni Socialist Party
 * Flag of Hadhramaut.svg Hadhramaut
 * Ethnic group: Hadharem as well as Mehri and Soqotri
 * Proposed state: Flag of Hadhramaut.svg Hadhramaut Arab State
 * De facto state: Hadhramaut Region, Protectorate of South Arabia
 * Political party: Hadhrami League, Hadramout National Council