User:Stilltim/congress - 41st United States Congress - general





The Forty-first United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1869 to March 3, 1871, during the first two years of the first administration of U.S. President Ulysses S. Grant.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Eighth Census of the United States in 1860. Both chambers had a Republican majority.

Dates of sessions
March 4, 1869 - March 3, 1871 Previous congress: 40th Congress - general Next congress: 42nd Congress - general
 * First session: March 4, 1869 –April 10, 1869
 * Special session of the Senate: April 12, 1869 –April 22, 1869
 * Second session: December 6, 1869 - July 15, 1870
 * Third session: December 5, 1870 - March 3, 1871

Party summary
Virginia, Mississippi, Texas, and Georgia were readmitted to representation in this Congress.

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Leadership

 * Senate


 * Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate):
 * Schuyler Colfax, of Indiana
 * President pro tempore of the Senate:
 * Henry B. Anthony, Republican of Rhode Island, first elected March 23, 1869.
 * House of Representatives


 * Speaker of the House
 * James G. Blaine, Republican of Maine, elected March 4, 1869.

Major events

 * Main article: Events of 1869; Events of 1870; Events of 1871


 * March 4, 1869 -- Ulysses S. Grant became President of the United States

Major legislation

 * ''Main article: List of United States federal legislation in the 41st Congress


 * March 18, 1869 -- Public Credit Act of 1869
 * May 31, 1870 -- Force Act of 1870
 * July 14, 1870 -- Currency Act of 1870
 * July 14, 1870 -- Funding Act of 1870

Membership highlights by chamber
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.

Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1874; Class 2 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1870; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1872.


 * ''See also: Category:United States Senators
 * ''See also: Category:United States congressional delegations by state

House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.

Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.


 * ''See also: Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives
 * ''See also: Category:United States congressional delegations by state

{|width=100%
 * -valign=top
 * Alabama
 * Alabama


 * Alabama's 1st congressional district: Alfred E. Buck (R)
 * Alabama's 2nd congressional district: Charles W. Buckley (R)
 * Alabama's 3rd congressional district: Robert S. Heflin (R)
 * Alabama's 4th congressional district: Charles Hays (R)
 * Alabama's 5th congressional district: Peter M. Dox (D)
 * Alabama's 6th congressional district: William C. Sherrod (D)
 * Arkansas


 * Arkansas's 1st congressional district: Logan H. Roots (R)
 * Arkansas's 2nd congressional district: Anthony A. C. Rogers (D)
 * Arkansas's 3rd congressional district: Thomas Boles (R)
 * California


 * California's 1st congressional district: Samuel B. Axtell (D)
 * California's 2nd congressional district: Aaron A. Sargent (R)
 * California's 3rd congressional district: James A. Johnson (D)
 * Connecticut


 * Connecticut's 1st congressional district: Julius L. Strong (R)
 * Connecticut's 2nd congressional district: Stephen W. Kellogg (R)
 * Connecticut's 3rd congressional district: Henry H. Starkweather (R)
 * Connecticut's 4th congressional district: William H. Barnum (D)
 * Delaware


 * Delaware's at-large congressional district: Benjamin T. Biggs (D)
 * Florida


 * Florida's at-large congressional district: Charles M. Hamilton (R)
 * Georgia


 * Georgia's 1st congressional district: William W. Paine (D)
 * Georgia's 2nd congressional district: Richard H. Whiteley (R)
 * Georgia's 3rd congressional district: Marion Bethune (R)
 * Georgia's 4th congressional district: Jefferson F. Long (R)
 * Georgia's 5th congressional district: Stephen A. Corker (D)
 * Georgia's 6th congressional district: William P. Price (D)
 * Georgia's 7th congressional district: Pierce M. B. Young (D)


 * Illinois


 * Illinois's 1st congressional district: Norman B. Judd (R)
 * Illinois's 2nd congressional district: John F. Farnsworth (R)
 * Illinois's 3rd congressional district: Elihu B. Washburne (R)
 * Horatio C. Burchard (R)
 * Illinois's 4th congressional district: John B. Hawley (R)
 * Illinois's 5th congressional district: Ebon C. Ingersoll (R)
 * Illinois's 6th congressional district: Burton C. Cook (R)
 * Illinois's 7th congressional district: Jesse H. Moore (R)
 * Illinois's 8th congressional district: Shelby M. Cullom (R)
 * Illinois's 9th congressional district: Thompson W. McNeely (D)
 * Illinois's 10th congressional district: Albert G. Burr (D)
 * Illinois's 11th congressional district: Samuel S. Marshall (D)
 * Illinois's 12th congressional district: John B. Hay (R)
 * Illinois's 13th congressional district: John M. Crebs (D)
 * Illinois's at-large congressional district: John A. Logan (R)
 * Indiana


 * Indiana's 1st congressional district: William E. Niblack (D)
 * Indiana's 2nd congressional district: Michael C. Kerr (D)
 * Indiana's 3rd congressional district: William S. Holman (D)
 * Indiana's 4th congressional district: George W. Julian (R)
 * Indiana's 5th congressional district: John Coburn (R)
 * Indiana's 6th congressional district: Daniel W. Voorhees (D)
 * Indiana's 7th congressional district: Godlove S. Orth (R)
 * Indiana's 8th congressional district: James N. Tyner (R)
 * Indiana's 9th congressional district: John P. C. Shanks (R)
 * Indiana's 10th congressional district: William Williams (R)
 * Indiana's 11th congressional district: Jasper Packard (R)
 * Iowa


 * Iowa's 1st congressional district: George W. McCrary (R)
 * Iowa's 2nd congressional district: William Smyth (R)
 * William P. Wolf (R)
 * Iowa's 3rd congressional district: William B. Allison (R)
 * Iowa's 4th congressional district: William Loughridge (R)
 * Iowa's 5th congressional district: Francis W. Palmer (R)
 * Iowa's 6th congressional district: Charles Pomeroy (R)
 * Kansas


 * Kansas's at-large congressional district: Sidney Clarke (R)
 * Kentucky


 * Kentucky's 1st congressional district: Lawrence S. Trimble (D)
 * Kentucky's 2nd congressional district: William N. Sweeney (D)
 * Kentucky's 3rd congressional district: Jacob S. Golladay (D)
 * Joseph H. Lewis (D)
 * Kentucky's 4th congressional district: J. Proctor Knott (D)
 * Kentucky's 5th congressional district: Boyd Winchester (D)
 * Kentucky's 6th congressional district: Thomas L. Jones (D)
 * Kentucky's 7th congressional district: James B. Beck (D)
 * Kentucky's 8th congressional district: George M. Adams (D)
 * Kentucky's 9th congressional district: John M. Rice (D)
 * Louisiana


 * Louisiana's 1st congressional district: J. Hale Sypher (R)
 * Louisiana's 2nd congressional district: Lionel A. Sheldon (R)
 * Louisiana's 3rd congressional district: Chester B. Darrall (R)
 * Louisiana's 4th congressional district: Joseph P. Newsham (R)
 * Louisiana's 5th congressional district: Frank Morey (R)
 * Maine


 * Maine's 1st congressional district: John Lynch (R)
 * Maine's 2nd congressional district: Samuel P. Morrill (R)
 * Maine's 3rd congressional district: James G. Blaine (R)
 * Maine's 4th congressional district: John A. Peters (R)
 * Maine's 5th congressional district: Eugene Hale (R)
 * Maryland
 * Maryland


 * Maryland's 1st congressional district: Samuel Hambleton (D)
 * Maryland's 2nd congressional district: Stevenson Archer (D)
 * Maryland's 3rd congressional district: Thomas Swann (D)
 * Maryland's 4th congressional district: Patrick Hamill (D)
 * Maryland's 5th congressional district: Frederick Stone (D)
 * Massachusetts


 * Massachusetts's 1st congressional district: James Buffinton (R)
 * Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district: Oakes Ames (R)
 * Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district: Ginery Twichell (R)
 * Massachusetts's 4th congressional district: Samuel Hooper (R)
 * Massachusetts's 5th congressional district: Benjamin F. Butler (R)
 * Massachusetts's 6th congressional district: Nathaniel P. Banks (R)
 * Massachusetts's 7th congressional district: George S. Boutwell (R)
 * George M. Brooks (R)
 * Massachusetts's 8th congressional district: George F. Hoar (R)
 * Massachusetts's 9th congressional district: William B. Washburn (R)
 * Massachusetts's 10th congressional district: Henry L. Dawes (R)
 * Michigan


 * Michigan's 1st congressional district: Fernando C. Beaman (R)
 * Michigan's 2nd congressional district: William L. Stoughton (R)
 * Michigan's 3rd congressional district: Austin Blair (R)
 * Michigan's 4th congressional district: Thomas W. Ferry (R)
 * Michigan's 5th congressional district: Omar D. Conger (R)
 * Michigan's 6th congressional district: Randolph Strickland (R)
 * Minnesota


 * Minnesota's 1st congressional district: Morton S. Wilkinson (R)
 * Minnesota's 2nd congressional district: Eugene M. Wilson (D)
 * Mississippi


 * Mississippi's 1st congressional district: George E. Harris (R)
 * Mississippi's 2nd congressional district: Joseph L. Morphis (R)
 * Mississippi's 3rd congressional district: Henry W. Barry (R)
 * Mississippi's 4th congressional district: George C. McKee (R)
 * Mississippi's 5th congressional district: Legrand W. Perce (R)
 * Missouri


 * Missouri's 1st congressional district: Erastus Wells (D)
 * Missouri's 2nd congressional district: Gustavus A. Finkelnburg (R)
 * Missouri's 3rd congressional district: James R. McCormick (D)
 * Missouri's 4th congressional district: Sempronius H. Boyd (R)
 * Missouri's 5th congressional district: Samuel S. Burdett (R)
 * Missouri's 6th congressional district: Robert T. Van Horn (R)
 * Missouri's 7th congressional district: Joel F. Asper (R)
 * Missouri's 8th congressional district: John F. Benjamin (R)
 * Missouri's 9th congressional district: David P. Dyer (R)
 * Nebraska


 * Nebraska's at-large congressional district: John Taffe (R)
 * Nevada


 * Nevada's at-large congressional district: Thomas Fitch (R)
 * New Hampshire


 * New Hampshire's 1st congressional district: Jacob H. Ela (R)
 * New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district: Aaron F. Stevens (R)
 * New Hampshire's 3rd congressional district: Jacob Benton (R)
 * New Jersey


 * New Jersey's 1st congressional district: William Moore (R)
 * New Jersey's 2nd congressional district: Charles Haight (D)
 * New Jersey's 3rd congressional district: John T. Bird (D)
 * New Jersey's 4th congressional district: John Hill (R)
 * New Jersey's 5th congressional district: Orestes Cleveland (D)
 * New York


 * New York's 1st congressional district: Henry A. Reeves (D)
 * New York's 2nd congressional district: John G. Schumaker (D)
 * New York's 3rd congressional district: Henry W. Slocum (D)
 * New York's 4th congressional district: John Fox (D)
 * New York's 5th congressional district: John Morrissey (D)
 * New York's 6th congressional district: Samuel S. Cox (D)
 * New York's 7th congressional district: Hervey C. Calkin (D)
 * New York's 8th congressional district: James Brooks (D)
 * New York's 9th congressional district: Fernando Wood (D)
 * New York's 10th congressional district: Clarkson N. Potter (D)
 * New York's 11th congressional district: George W. Greene (D)
 * Charles H. Van Wyck (R)
 * New York's 12th congressional district: John H. Ketcham (R)
 * New York's 13th congressional district: John A. Griswold (D)
 * New York's 14th congressional district: Stephen L. Mayham (D)
 * New York's 15th congressional district: Adolphus H. Tanner (R)
 * New York's 16th congressional district: Orange Ferriss (R)
 * New York's 17th congressional district: William A. Wheeler (R)
 * New York's 18th congressional district: Stephen Sanford (R)
 * New York's 19th congressional district: Charles Knapp (R)
 * New York's 20th congressional district: Addison H. Laflin (R)
 * New York's 21st congressional district: Alexander H. Bailey (R)
 * New York's 22nd congressional district: John C. Churchill (R)
 * New York's 23rd congressional district: Dennis McCarthy (R)
 * New York's 24th congressional district: George W. Cowles (R)
 * New York's 25th congressional district: William H. Kelsey (R)
 * New York's 26th congressional district: Giles W. Hotchkiss (R)
 * New York's 27th congressional district: Hamilton Ward, Sr. (R)
 * New York's 28th congressional district: Noah Davis (R)
 * Charles H. Holmes (R)
 * New York's 29th congressional district: John Fisher (R)
 * New York's 30th congressional district: David S. Bennett (R)
 * New York's 31st congressional district: Porter Sheldon (R)
 * North Carolina


 * North Carolina's 1st congressional district: Clinton L. Cobb (R)
 * North Carolina's 2nd congressional district: David Heaton (R)
 * Joseph Dixon (R)
 * North Carolina's 3rd congressional district: Oliver H. Dockery (R)
 * North Carolina's 4th congressional district: John T. Deweese (R)
 * John Manning, Jr. (D)
 * North Carolina's 5th congressional district: Israel G. Lash (R)
 * North Carolina's 6th congressional district: Francis E. Shober (D)
 * North Carolina's 7th congressional district: Alexander H. Jones (R)
 * Ohio
 * Ohio


 * Ohio's 1st congressional district: Peter W. Strader (D)
 * Ohio's 2nd congressional district: Job E. Stevenson (R)
 * Ohio's 3rd congressional district: Robert C. Schenck (R)
 * Ohio's 4th congressional district: William Lawrence (R)
 * Ohio's 5th congressional district: William Mungen (D)
 * Ohio's 6th congressional district: John A. Smith (R)
 * Ohio's 7th congressional district: James J. Winans (R)
 * Ohio's 8th congressional district: John Beatty (R)
 * Ohio's 9th congressional district: Edward F. Dickinson (D)
 * Ohio's 10th congressional district: Truman H. Hoag (D)
 * Erasmus D. Peck (R)
 * Ohio's 11th congressional district: John T. Wilson (R)
 * Ohio's 12th congressional district: Philadelph Van Trump (D)
 * Ohio's 13th congressional district: George W. Morgan (D)
 * Ohio's 14th congressional district: Martin Welker (R)
 * Ohio's 15th congressional district: Eliakim H. Moore (R)
 * Ohio's 16th congressional district: John A. Bingham (R)
 * Ohio's 17th congressional district: Jacob A. Ambler (R)
 * Ohio's 18th congressional district: William H. Upson (R)
 * Ohio's 19th congressional district: James A. Garfield (R)
 * Oregon


 * Oregon's at-large congressional district: Joseph S. Smith (D)
 * Pennsylvania


 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district: Samuel J. Randall (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district: Charles O'Neill (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district: John Moffet (D)
 * Leonard Myers (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district: William D. Kelley (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 5th congressional district: John R. Reading (D)
 * Caleb N. Taylor (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district: John D. Stiles (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district: Washington Townsend (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district: J. Lawrence Getz (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district: Oliver J. Dickey (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 10th congressional district: Henry L. Cake (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 11th congressional district: Daniel M. Van Auken (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district: George W. Woodward (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 13th congressional district: Ulysses Mercur (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 14th congressional district: John B. Packer (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 15th congressional district: Richard J. Haldeman (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 16th congressional district: John Cessna (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 17th congressional district: Daniel J. Morrell (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district: William H. Armstrong (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 19th congressional district: Glenni W. Scofield (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 20th congressional district: Calvin W. Gilfillan (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 21st congressional district: John Covode (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 22nd congressional district: James S. Negley (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 23rd congressional district: Darwin Phelps (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 24th congressional district: Joseph B. Donley (R)
 * Rhode Island


 * Rhode Island's 1st congressional district: Thomas A. Jenckes (R)
 * Rhode Island's 2nd congressional district: Nathan F. Dixon, Jr. (R)
 * South Carolina


 * South Carolina's 1st congressional district: B. Frank Whittemore (R)
 * Joseph H. Rainey (R)
 * South Carolina's 2nd congressional district: Christopher C. Bowen (R)
 * South Carolina's 3rd congressional district: Solomon L. Hoge (R)
 * South Carolina's 4th congressional district: Alexander S. Wallace (R)
 * Tennessee


 * Tennessee's 1st congressional district: Roderick R. Butler (R)
 * Tennessee's 2nd congressional district: Horace Maynard (R)
 * Tennessee's 3rd congressional district: William B. Stokes (R)
 * Tennessee's 4th congressional district: Lewis Tillman (R)
 * Tennessee's 5th congressional district: William F. Prosser (R)
 * Tennessee's 6th congressional district: Samuel M. Arnell (R)
 * Tennessee's 7th congressional district: Isaac R. Hawkins (R)
 * Tennessee's 8th congressional district: William J. Smith (R)
 * Texas


 * Texas's 1st congressional district: George W. Whitmore (R)
 * Texas's 2nd congressional district: John C. Conner (D)
 * Texas's 3rd congressional district: William T. Clark (R)
 * Texas's 4th congressional district: Edward Degener (R)


 * Vermont


 * Vermont's 1st congressional district: Charles W. Willard (R)
 * Vermont's 2nd congressional district: Luke P. Poland (R)
 * Vermont's 3rd congressional district: Worthington C. Smith (R)
 * Virginia


 * Virginia's 1st congressional district: Richard S. Ayer (R)
 * Virginia's 2nd congressional district: James H. Platt, Jr. (R)
 * Virginia's 3rd congressional district: Charles H. Porter (R)
 * Virginia's 4th congressional district: George W. Booker (C)
 * Virginia's 5th congressional district: Robert Ridgway (C)
 * Richard T. W. Duke (C)
 * Virginia's 6th congressional district: William Milnes, Jr. (C)
 * Virginia's 7th congressional district: Lewis McKenzie (C)
 * Virginia's 8th congressional district: James King Gibson (Conservative)
 * West Virginia


 * West Virginia's 1st congressional district: Isaac H. Duval (R)
 * West Virginia's 2nd congressional district: James C. McGrew (R)
 * West Virginia's 3rd congressional district: John S. Witcher (R)
 * Wisconsin


 * Wisconsin's 1st congressional district: Halbert E. Paine (R)
 * Wisconsin's 2nd congressional district: Benjamin F. Hopkins (R)
 * David Atwood (R)
 * Wisconsin's 3rd congressional district: Amasa Cobb (R)
 * Wisconsin's 4th congressional district: Charles A. Eldredge (D)
 * Wisconsin's 5th congressional district: Philetus Sawyer (R)
 * Wisconsin's 6th congressional district: Cadwallader C. Washburn (R)

Delegates

 * Arizona Territory


 * Arizona Territory's at-large congressional district: Richard C. McCormick (D)
 * Colorado Territory


 * Colorado Territory's at-large congressional district: Allen A. Bradford (R)
 * Dakota Territory


 * Dakota Territory's at-large congressional district: Solomon L. Spink (R)
 * Idaho Territory


 * Idaho Territory's at-large congressional district: Jacob K. Shafer (D)
 * Montana Territory


 * Montana Territory's at-large congressional district: James M. Cavanaugh (D)
 * New Mexico Territory


 * New Mexico Territory's at-large congressional district: J. Francisco Chaves (R)


 * Utah Territory


 * Utah Territory's at-large congressional district: William H. Hooper (D)
 * Washington Territory


 * Washington Territory's at-large congressional district: Selucius Garfielde (R)
 * Wyoming Territory


 * Wyoming Territory's at-large congressional district: Stephen F. Nuckolls (D)
 * }

Membership detail by Chamber/Party
The list below is arranged by chamber, then by political party. Members are shown in alphabetical order.

Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress.

House of Representatives
Members of the House of Representatives were elected by popular vote, variously to single member districts or at-large.

Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.