User:Stilltim/congress - 42nd United States Congress - general





The Forty-second United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1871 to March 3, 1873, during the last two years of the first administration of U.S. President Ulysses S. Grant.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Eighth Census of the United States in 1860. Both chambers had a Republican majority.

Dates of sessions
March 4, 1871 - March 3, 1873
 * First session: March 4, 1871 – April 20, 1871
 * Special session of the Senate: May 10, 1871 - May 27, 1871
 * Second session: December 4, 1871 - June 10, 1872
 * Third session: December 2, 1872 - March 3, 1873
 * Previous congress: 41st Congress - general 
 * Next congress: 43rd Congress - general 

Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Leadership

 * Senate


 * Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate):
 * Schuyler Colfax, of Indiana
 * President pro tempore of the Senate:
 * Henry B. Anthony, Republican of Rhode Island, first elected March 10, 1871.
 * House of Representatives


 * Speaker of the House
 * James G. Blaine, Republican of Maine, reelected March 4, 1869.

Major events
Events of 1871, 1872 and 1873

Major legislation
List of United States federal legislation in the 42nd Congress
 * April 20, 1871 -- Civil Rights Act of 1871
 * March 1, 1872 -- Yellowstone National Park founded
 * May 10, 1872 -- General Mining Act of 1872
 * May 23, 1872 -- Amnesty Act of 1872
 * June 6, 1872 -- Tariff of 1872
 * June 8, 1872 -- Mail Fraud Act
 * February 12, 1873 -- Coinage Act of 1873 (Crime of '73)
 * March 3, 1873 -- Timber Culture Act
 * March 3, 1873 -- Comstock Act

Membership highlights by chamber
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.

Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1874; Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1876; and Class 3 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1872.


 * ''See also: Category:United States Senators
 * ''See also: Category:United States congressional delegations by state

House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.

Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.


 * ''See also: Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives
 * ''See also: Category:United States congressional delegations by state

{|width=100%
 * -valign=top
 * Alabama
 * Alabama


 * Alabama's 1st congressional district: Benjamin S. Turner (R)
 * Alabama's 2nd congressional district: Charles W. Buckley (R)
 * Alabama's 3rd congressional district: William A. Handley (D)
 * Alabama's 4th congressional district: Charles Hays (R)
 * Alabama's 5th congressional district: Peter M. Dox (D)
 * Alabama's 6th congressional district: Joseph H. Sloss (D)
 * Arkansas


 * Arkansas's 1st congressional district: James M. Hanks (D)
 * Arkansas's 2nd congressional district: Oliver P. Snyder (R)
 * Arkansas's 3rd congressional district: John Edwards (LR)
 * Thomas Boles (R)
 * California


 * California's 1st congressional district: Sherman O. Houghton (R)
 * California's 2nd congressional district: Aaron A. Sargent (R)
 * California's 3rd congressional district: John M. Coghlan (R)
 * Connecticut


 * Connecticut's 1st congressional district: Julius L. Strong (R)
 * Joseph R. Hawley (R)
 * Connecticut's 2nd congressional district: Stephen W. Kellogg (R)
 * Connecticut's 3rd congressional district: Henry H. Starkweather (R)
 * Connecticut's 4th congressional district: William H. Barnum (D)
 * Delaware


 * Delaware's at-large congressional district: Benjamin T. Biggs (D)
 * Florida


 * Florida's at-large congressional district: Josiah T. Walls (R)
 * Silas L. Niblack (D)
 * Georgia


 * Georgia's 1st congressional district: Archibald T. MacIntyre (D)
 * Georgia's 2nd congressional district: Richard H. Whiteley (R)
 * Georgia's 3rd congressional district: John S. Bigby (R)
 * Georgia's 4th congressional district: Thomas J. Speer (R)
 * Erasmus W. Beck (D)
 * Georgia's 5th congressional district: Dudley M. Du Bose (D)
 * Georgia's 6th congressional district: William P. Price (D)
 * Georgia's 7th congressional district: Pierce M. B. Young (D)
 * Illinois


 * Illinois's 1st congressional district: Charles B. Farwell (R)
 * Illinois's 2nd congressional district: John F. Farnsworth (R)
 * Illinois's 3rd congressional district: Horatio C. Burchard (R)
 * Illinois's 4th congressional district: John B. Hawley (R)
 * Illinois's 5th congressional district: Bradford N. Stevens (D)
 * Illinois's 6th congressional district: Burton C. Cook (R)
 * Henry Snapp (R)
 * Illinois's 7th congressional district: Jesse H. Moore (R)
 * Illinois's 8th congressional district: James C. Robinson (D)
 * Illinois's 9th congressional district: Thompson W. McNeely (D)
 * Illinois's 10th congressional district: Edward Y. Rice (D)
 * Illinois's 11th congressional district: Samuel S. Marshall (D)
 * Illinois's 12th congressional district: John B. Hay (R)
 * Illinois's 13th congressional district: John M. Crebs (D)
 * Illinois's at-large congressional district: John L. Beveridge (R)
 * Indiana


 * Indiana's 1st congressional district: William E. Niblack (D)
 * Indiana's 2nd congressional district: Michael C. Kerr (D)
 * Indiana's 3rd congressional district: William S. Holman (D)
 * Indiana's 4th congressional district: Jeremiah M. Wilson (R)
 * Indiana's 5th congressional district: John Coburn (R)
 * Indiana's 6th congressional district: Daniel W. Voorhees (D)
 * Indiana's 7th congressional district: Mahlon D. Manson (D)
 * Indiana's 8th congressional district: James N. Tyner (R)
 * Indiana's 9th congressional district: John P. C. Shanks (R)
 * Indiana's 10th congressional district: William Williams (R)
 * Indiana's 11th congressional district: Jasper Packard (R)
 * Iowa


 * Iowa's 1st congressional district: George W. McCrary (R)
 * Iowa's 2nd congressional district: Aylett R. Cotton (R)
 * Iowa's 3rd congressional district: William G. Donnan (R)
 * Iowa's 4th congressional district: Madison M. Walden (R)
 * Iowa's 5th congressional district: Francis W. Palmer (R)
 * Iowa's 6th congressional district: Jackson Orr (R)
 * Kansas


 * Kansas's at-large congressional district: David P. Lowe (R)
 * Kentucky


 * Kentucky's 1st congressional district: Edward Crossland (D)
 * Kentucky's 2nd congressional district: Henry D. McHenry (D)
 * Kentucky's 3rd congressional district: Joseph H. Lewis (D)
 * Kentucky's 4th congressional district: William B. Read (D)
 * Kentucky's 5th congressional district: Boyd Winchester (D)
 * Kentucky's 6th congressional district: William E. Arthur (D)
 * Kentucky's 7th congressional district: James B. Beck (D)
 * Kentucky's 8th congressional district: George M. Adams (D)
 * Kentucky's 9th congressional district: John M. Rice (D)
 * Louisiana


 * Louisiana's 1st congressional district: J. Hale Sypher (R)
 * Louisiana's 2nd congressional district: Lionel A. Sheldon (R)
 * Louisiana's 3rd congressional district: Chester B. Darrall (R)
 * Louisiana's 4th congressional district: James McCleery (R)
 * Alexander Boarman (LR)
 * Louisiana's 5th congressional district: Frank Morey (R)
 * Maine


 * Maine's 1st congressional district: John Lynch (R)
 * Maine's 2nd congressional district: William P. Frye (R)
 * Maine's 3rd congressional district: James G. Blaine (R)
 * Maine's 4th congressional district: John A. Peters (R)
 * Maine's 5th congressional district: Eugene Hale (R)
 * Maryland
 * Maryland


 * Maryland's 1st congressional district: Samuel Hambleton (D)
 * Maryland's 2nd congressional district: Stevenson Archer (D)
 * Maryland's 3rd congressional district: Thomas Swann (D)
 * Maryland's 4th congressional district: John Ritchie (D)
 * Maryland's 5th congressional district: William M. Merrick (D)
 * Massachusetts


 * Massachusetts's 1st congressional district: James Buffinton (R)
 * Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district: Oakes Ames (R)
 * Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district: Ginery Twichell (R)
 * Massachusetts's 4th congressional district: Samuel Hooper (R)
 * Massachusetts's 5th congressional district: Benjamin F. Butler (R)
 * Massachusetts's 6th congressional district: Nathaniel P. Banks (R)
 * Massachusetts's 7th congressional district: George M. Brooks (R)
 * Constantine C. Esty (R)
 * Massachusetts's 8th congressional district: George F. Hoar (R)
 * Massachusetts's 9th congressional district: William B. Washburn (R)
 * Alvah Crocker (R)
 * Massachusetts's 10th congressional district: Henry L. Dawes (R)
 * Michigan


 * Michigan's 1st congressional district: Henry Waldron (R)
 * Michigan's 2nd congressional district: William L. Stoughton (R)
 * Michigan's 3rd congressional district: Austin Blair (R)
 * Michigan's 4th congressional district: Wilder D. Foster (R)
 * Michigan's 5th congressional district: Omar D. Conger (R)
 * Michigan's 6th congressional district: Jabez G. Sutherland (D)
 * Minnesota


 * Minnesota's 1st congressional district: Mark H. Dunnell (R)
 * Minnesota's 2nd congressional district: John T. Averill (R)
 * Mississippi


 * Mississippi's 1st congressional district: George E. Harris (R)
 * Mississippi's 2nd congressional district: Joseph L. Morphis (R)
 * Mississippi's 3rd congressional district: Henry W. Barry (R)
 * Mississippi's 4th congressional district: George C. McKee (R)
 * Mississippi's 5th congressional district: Legrand W. Perce (R)
 * Missouri


 * Missouri's 1st congressional district: Erastus Wells (D)
 * Missouri's 2nd congressional district: Gustavus A. Finkelnburg (LR)
 * Missouri's 3rd congressional district: James R. McCormick (D)
 * Missouri's 4th congressional district: Harrison E. Havens (R)
 * Missouri's 5th congressional district: Samuel S. Burdett (R)
 * Missouri's 6th congressional district: Abram Comingo (D)
 * Missouri's 7th congressional district: Isaac C. Parker (R)
 * Missouri's 8th congressional district: James G. Blair (LR)
 * Missouri's 9th congressional district: Andrew King (D)
 * Nebraska


 * Nebraska's at-large congressional district: John Taffe (R)
 * Nevada


 * Nevada's at-large congressional district: Charles W. Kendall (D)
 * New Hampshire


 * New Hampshire's 1st congressional district: Ellery A. Hibbard (D)
 * New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district: Samuel N. Bell (D)
 * New Hampshire's 3rd congressional district: Hosea W. Parker (D)
 * New Jersey


 * New Jersey's 1st congressional district: John W. Hazelton (R)
 * New Jersey's 2nd congressional district: Samuel C. Forker (D)
 * New Jersey's 3rd congressional district: John T. Bird (D)
 * New Jersey's 4th congressional district: John Hill (R)
 * New Jersey's 5th congressional district: George A. Halsey (R)
 * New York


 * New York's 1st congressional district: Dwight Townsend (D)
 * New York's 2nd congressional district: Thomas Kinsella (D)
 * New York's 3rd congressional district: Henry W. Slocum (D)
 * New York's 4th congressional district: Robert B. Roosevelt (D)
 * New York's 5th congressional district: William R. Roberts (D)
 * New York's 6th congressional district: Samuel S. Cox (D)
 * New York's 7th congressional district: Smith Ely, Jr. (D)
 * New York's 8th congressional district: James Brooks (D)
 * New York's 9th congressional district: Fernando Wood (D)
 * New York's 10th congressional district: Clarkson N. Potter (D)
 * New York's 11th congressional district: Charles St. John (R)
 * New York's 12th congressional district: John H. Ketcham (R)
 * New York's 13th congressional district: Joseph H. Tuthill (D)
 * New York's 14th congressional district: Eli Perry (D)
 * New York's 15th congressional district: Joseph M. Warren (D)
 * New York's 16th congressional district: John Rogers (D)
 * New York's 17th congressional district: William A. Wheeler (R)
 * New York's 18th congressional district: John M. Carroll (D)
 * New York's 19th congressional district: Elizur H. Prindle (R)
 * New York's 20th congressional district: Clinton L. Merriam (R)
 * New York's 21st congressional district: Ellis H. Roberts (R)
 * New York's 22nd congressional district: William E. Lansing (R)
 * New York's 23rd congressional district: R. Holland Duell (R)
 * New York's 24th congressional district: John E. Seeley (R)
 * New York's 25th congressional district: William H. Lamport (R)
 * New York's 26th congressional district: Milo Goodrich (R)
 * New York's 27th congressional district: H. Boardman Smith (R)
 * New York's 28th congressional district: Freeman Clarke (R)
 * New York's 29th congressional district: Seth Wakeman (R)
 * New York's 30th congressional district: William Williams (D)
 * New York's 31st congressional district: Walter L. Sessions (R)
 * North Carolina


 * North Carolina's 1st congressional district: Clinton L. Cobb (R)
 * North Carolina's 2nd congressional district: Charles R. Thomas (R)
 * North Carolina's 3rd congressional district: Alfred M. Waddell (D)
 * North Carolina's 4th congressional district: Sion H. Rogers (D)
 * North Carolina's 5th congressional district: James M. Leach (D)
 * North Carolina's 6th congressional district: Francis E. Shober (D)
 * North Carolina's 7th congressional district: James C. Harper (D)
 * Ohio
 * Ohio


 * Ohio's 1st congressional district: Aaron F. Perry (R)
 * Ozro J. Dodds (D)
 * Ohio's 2nd congressional district: Job E. Stevenson (R)
 * Ohio's 3rd congressional district: Lewis D. Campbell (D)
 * Ohio's 4th congressional district: John F. McKinney (D)
 * Ohio's 5th congressional district: Charles N. Lamison (D)
 * Ohio's 6th congressional district: John A. Smith (R)
 * Ohio's 7th congressional district: Samuel Shellabarger (R)
 * Ohio's 8th congressional district: John Beatty (R)
 * Ohio's 9th congressional district: Charles Foster (R)
 * Ohio's 10th congressional district: Erasmus D. Peck (R)
 * Ohio's 11th congressional district: John T. Wilson (R)
 * Ohio's 12th congressional district: Philadelph Van Trump (D)
 * Ohio's 13th congressional district: George W. Morgan (D)
 * Ohio's 14th congressional district: James Monroe (R)
 * Ohio's 15th congressional district: William P. Sprague (R)
 * Ohio's 16th congressional district: John A. Bingham (R)
 * Ohio's 17th congressional district: Jacob A. Ambler (R)
 * Ohio's 18th congressional district: William H. Upson (R)
 * Ohio's 19th congressional district: James A. Garfield (R)
 * Oregon


 * Oregon's at-large congressional district: James H. Slater (D)
 * Pennsylvania


 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district: Samuel J. Randall (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district: John V. Creely (IR)
 * Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district: Leonard Myers (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district: William D. Kelley (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 5th congressional district: Alfred C. Harmer (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district: Ephraim L. Acker (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district: Washington Townsend (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district: J. Lawrence Getz (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district: Oliver J. Dickey (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 10th congressional district: John W. Killinger (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 11th congressional district: John B. Storm (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district: Lazarus D. Shoemaker (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 13th congressional district: Ulysses Mercur (R)
 * Frank C. Bunnell (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 14th congressional district: John B. Packer (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 15th congressional district: Richard J. Haldeman (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 16th congressional district: Benjamin F. Meyers (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 17th congressional district: R. Milton Speer (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district: Henry Sherwood (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 19th congressional district: Glenni W. Scofield (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 20th congressional district: Samuel Griffith (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 21st congressional district: Henry D. Foster (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 22nd congressional district: James S. Negley (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 23rd congressional district: Ebenezer McJunkin (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 24th congressional district: William McClelland (D)
 * Rhode Island


 * Rhode Island's 1st congressional district: Benjamin T. Eames (R)
 * Rhode Island's 2nd congressional district: James M. Pendleton (R)
 * South Carolina


 * South Carolina's 1st congressional district: Joseph H. Rainey (R)
 * South Carolina's 2nd congressional district: Robert C. De Large (R)
 * South Carolina's 3rd congressional district: Robert B. Elliott (R)
 * South Carolina's 4th congressional district: Alexander S. Wallace (R)
 * Tennessee


 * Tennessee's 1st congressional district: Roderick R. Butler (R)
 * Tennessee's 2nd congressional district: Horace Maynard (R)
 * Tennessee's 3rd congressional district: Abraham E. Garrett (D)
 * Tennessee's 4th congressional district: John M. Bright (D)
 * Tennessee's 5th congressional district: Edward I. Golladay (D)
 * Tennessee's 6th congressional district: Washington C. Whitthorne (D)
 * Tennessee's 7th congressional district: Robert P. Caldwell (D)
 * Tennessee's 8th congressional district: William W. Vaughan (D)
 * Texas


 * Texas's 1st congressional district: William S. Herndon (D)
 * Texas's 2nd congressional district: John C. Conner (D)
 * Texas's 3rd congressional district: William T. Clark (R)
 * De Witt C. Giddings (D)
 * Texas's 4th congressional district: John Hancock (D)
 * Vermont


 * Vermont's 1st congressional district: Charles W. Willard (R)
 * Vermont's 2nd congressional district: Luke P. Poland (R)
 * Vermont's 3rd congressional district: Worthington C. Smith (R)
 * Virginia


 * Virginia's 1st congressional district: John Critcher (D)
 * Virginia's 2nd congressional district: James H. Platt, Jr. (R)
 * Virginia's 3rd congressional district: Charles H. Porter (R)
 * Virginia's 4th congressional district: William H. H. Stowell (R)
 * Virginia's 5th congressional district: Richard T. W. Duke (D)
 * Virginia's 6th congressional district: John T. Harris (D)
 * Virginia's 7th congressional district: Elliott M. Braxton (D)
 * Virginia's 8th congressional district: William Terry (D)
 * West Virginia


 * West Virginia's 1st congressional district: John J. Davis (D)
 * West Virginia's 2nd congressional district: James C. McGrew (R)
 * West Virginia's 3rd congressional district: Frank Hereford (D)
 * Wisconsin


 * Wisconsin's 1st congressional district: Alexander Mitchell (D)
 * Wisconsin's 2nd congressional district: Gerry W. Hazelton (R)
 * Wisconsin's 3rd congressional district: J. Allen Barber (R)
 * Wisconsin's 4th congressional district: Charles A. Eldredge (D)
 * Wisconsin's 5th congressional district: Philetus Sawyer (R)
 * Wisconsin's 6th congressional district: Jeremiah M. Rusk (R)

Delegates

 * Arizona Territory


 * Arizona Territory's at-large congressional district: Richard C. McCormick (D)
 * Colorado Territory


 * Colorado Territory's at-large congressional district: Jerome B. Chaffee (R)
 * Dakota Territory


 * Dakota Territory's at-large congressional district: Moses K. Armstrong (D)
 * District of Columbia


 * District of Columbia's at-large congressional district: Norton P. Chipman (R)
 * Idaho Territory


 * Idaho Territory's at-large congressional district: Samuel A. Merritt (D)
 * Montana Territory


 * Montana Territory's at-large congressional district: William H. Clagett (R)
 * New Mexico Territory


 * New Mexico Territory's at-large congressional district: José Manuel Gallegos (D)
 * Utah Territory


 * Utah Territory's at-large congressional district: William H. Hooper (D)
 * Washington Territory


 * Washington Territory's at-large congressional district: Selucius Garfielde (R)
 * Wyoming Territory


 * Wyoming Territory's at-large congressional district: William T. Jones (R)
 * }

Membership detail by Chamber/Party
The list below is arranged by chamber, then by political party. Members are shown in alphabetical order.

Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress.

House of Representatives
Members of the House of Representatives were elected by popular vote, variously to single member districts or at-large.

Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.