October 10

Pre-1600

 * 19 – The Roman general Germanicus dies near Antioch. He was convinced that the mysterious illness that ended in his death was a result of poisoning by the Syrian governor Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso, whom he had ordered to leave the province.
 * 680 – The Battle of Karbala marks the martyrdom of Husayn ibn Ali.
 * 732 – Charles Martel's forces defeat an Umayyad army near Tours, France.
 * 1471 – Sten Sture the Elder, the Regent of Sweden, with the help of farmers and miners, repels an attack by King Christian I of Denmark.
 * 1492 – The crew of Christopher Columbus's ship, the Santa Maria, attempt a mutiny.
 * 1575 – Roman Catholic forces under Henry I, Duke of Guise, defeat the Protestants, capturing Philippe de Mornay among others.
 * 1580 – Over 600 Papal troops land in Ireland to support the Second Desmond Rebellion.

1601–1900

 * 1760 – In a treaty with the Dutch colonial authorities, the Ndyuka people of Suriname – descended from escaped slaves – gain territorial autonomy.
 * 1780 – The Great Hurricane of 1780 kills 20,000–30,000 in the Caribbean.
 * 1814 – War of 1812: The United States Revenue Marine attempts to defend the cutter Eagle from the Royal Navy.
 * 1845 – In Annapolis, Maryland, the Naval School (later the United States Naval Academy) opens with 50 students.
 * 1846 – Triton, the largest moon of the planet Neptune, is discovered by English astronomer William Lassell.
 * 1868 – The Ten Years' War begins against Spanish rule in Cuba.

1901–present

 * 1903 – The Women's Social and Political Union is founded in support of the enfranchisement of British women.
 * 1911 – The day after a bomb explodes prematurely, the Wuchang Uprising begins against the Chinese monarchy.
 * 1913 – U.S. President Woodrow Wilson triggers the explosion of the Gamboa Dike, completing major construction on the Panama Canal.
 * 1918 – RMS Leinster is torpedoed and sunk by UB-123, killing 564, the worst-ever on the Irish Sea.
 * 1920 – The Carinthian plebiscite determines that the larger part of the Duchy of Carinthia should remain part of Austria.
 * 1928 – Chiang Kai-shek becomes Chairman of the Republic of China.
 * 1933 – A United Airlines Boeing 247 is destroyed by sabotage, the first such proven case in the history of commercial aviation.
 * 1935 – In Greece, a coup d'état ends the Second Hellenic Republic.
 * 1938 – Abiding by the Munich Agreement, Czechoslovakia completes its withdrawal from the Sudetenland.
 * 1945 – The Double Tenth Agreement is signed by the Communist Party and the Kuomintang about the future of China.
 * 1954 – The Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Sultanate of Muscat, Neil Innes, sends a signal to the Sultanate's forces, accompanied with oil explorers, to penetrate Fahud, marking the beginning of Jebel Akhdar War.
 * 1957 – U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower apologizes to Ghanaian finance minister Komla Agbeli Gbedemah after he is refused service in a Delaware restaurant.
 * 1957  – The Windscale fire results in Britain's worst nuclear accident.
 * 1963 – France cedes control of the Bizerte naval base to Tunisia.
 * 1963  – The Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty comes into effect.
 * 1964 – The Tokyo Summer Olympics opening ceremony is the first to be relayed live by satellites.
 * 1967 – The Outer Space Treaty comes into force.
 * 1969 – King Crimson releases their debut album, In the Court of the Crimson King.
 * 1970 – Fiji becomes independent.
 * 1970  – Canada's October Crisis escalates when Quebec Vice Premier Pierre Laporte is kidnapped by members of the Front de libération du Québec.
 * 1971 – Aeroflot Flight 773 is destroyed by a bomb over Moscow Oblast, killing 25.
 * 1973 – U.S. Vice President Spiro Agnew resigns after being charged with evasion of federal income tax.
 * 1975 – Papua New Guinea joins the United Nations.
 * 1979 – The Olkiluoto Nuclear Power Plant began operations in Eurajoki, Satakunta, Finland.
 * 1980 – The 7.1 El Asnam earthquake shakes northern Algeria, killing 2,633 and injuring 8,369.
 * 1980  – The Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front is founded in El Salvador.
 * 1985 – US Navy aircraft intercept an Egyptian airliner carrying the perpetrators of the Achille Lauro hijacking, and force it to land in Italy.
 * 1986 – A 5.7 San Salvador earthquake shakes El Salvador, killing 1,500.
 * 1997 – Austral Líneas Aéreas Flight 2553 crashes and explodes in Uruguay, killing 74.
 * 1998 – A Lignes Aériennes Congolaises jetliner is shot down by rebels in Kindu, Democratic Republic of the Congo, killing 41 people.
 * 2002 – Iraq War: The United States Congress approves the Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002.
 * 2007 – Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor becomes the first Malaysian in space on board Soyuz TMA-11.
 * 2009 – Armenia and Turkey sign the Zurich Protocols, intended to normalize relations. However, they are never ratified by either side.
 * 2010 – The Netherlands Antilles are dissolved as a country.
 * 2015 – Twin bomb blasts in the Turkish capital Ankara kill 109 and injure 500+.
 * 2018 – Hurricane Michael makes landfall in the Florida Panhandle as a catastrophic Category 5 hurricane. It kills 57 people in the United States, 45 in Florida, and causes an estimated $25.1 billion in damage.
 * 2022 – Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond and Philip H. Dybvig are jointly awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences.

Pre-1600

 * AD 19 – Tiberius Gemellus, Roman son of Drusus Julius Caesar and Livilla; adoptive son of the Emperor Caligula (d. 38)
 * 786 – Saga, emperor of Japan (d. 842)
 * 867 – Li Siyuan, Chinese emperor (d. 933)
 * 1332 – King Charles II of Navarre (d. 1387)
 * 1344 – Mary of Waltham, duchess of Brittany (d. 1361)
 * 1355 – Zhu Biao, Chinese prince (d. 1392)
 * 1421 – John Paston, English politician (d. 1466)
 * 1486 – Charles III, Duke of Savoy (d. 1553)
 * 1554 – Arnold III, Count of Bentheim-Steinfurt-Tecklenburg-Limburg and Lord of Rheda (d. 1606)
 * 1560 – Jacobus Arminius, Dutch theologian (d. 1609)
 * 1567 – Infanta Catherine Michelle of Spain (d. 1597)
 * 1584 – Philip Herbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke (d. 1649)
 * 1599 – Étienne Moulinié, French composer and director (d. 1676)

1601–1900

 * 1629 – Richard Towneley, English mathematician and astronomer (d. 1707)
 * 1646 – Françoise-Marguerite de Sévigné, French noblewoman (d. 1705)
 * 1656 – Nicolas de Largillière, French painter and academic (d. 1746)
 * 1669 – Johann Nicolaus Bach, German organist and composer (d. 1753)
 * 1678 – John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll, Scottish general and politician, Lord High Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland (d. 1743)
 * 1684 – Jean-Antoine Watteau, French painter (d. 1721)
 * 1700 – Lambert-Sigisbert Adam, French sculptor and illustrator (d. 1759)
 * 1731 – Henry Cavendish, French-English chemist, physicist, and philosopher (d. 1810)
 * 1780 – John Abercrombie, Scottish physician and philosopher (d. 1844)
 * 1794 – William Whiting Boardman, American judge and politician (d. 1871)
 * 1810 – Alfred Kennerley, English-Australian politician, 10th Premier of Tasmania (d. 1897)
 * 1813 – Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer and philanthropist (d. 1901)
 * 1819 – Heinrich Joseph Dominicus Denzinger, German theologian and author (d. 1883)
 * 1825 – Paul Kruger, South African soldier and politician, 5th President of the South African Republic (d. 1904)
 * 1828 – Samuel J. Randall, American captain, lawyer and politician, 33rd Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (d. 1890)
 * 1830 – Isabella II of Spain (d. 1904)
 * 1834 – Aleksis Kivi, Finnish author and playwright (d. 1872)
 * 1837 – Robert Gould Shaw, American colonel (d. 1863)
 * 1842 – Emily Dobson, Australian philanthropist (d. 1934)
 * 1858 – Maurice Prendergast, American painter and academic (d. 1924)
 * 1861 – Fridtjof Nansen, Norwegian explorer, scientist, and humanitarian, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1930)
 * 1864 – T. Frank Appleby, American businessman and politician (d. 1924)
 * 1870 – Louise Mack, Australian journalist, author, and poet (d. 1935)
 * 1872 – Dionysios Kasdaglis, Egyptian-Greek tennis player (d. 1931)
 * 1877 – William Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield, English businessman and philanthropist, founded Morris Motors (d. 1963)
 * 1884 – Nikolai Klyuev, Russian poet and author (d. 1937)
 * 1884  – Ida Wüst, German actress and screenwriter (d. 1958)
 * 1885 – Walter Anderson, Belarusian-German ethnologist and academic (d. 1962)
 * 1885  – Jean Peyrière, French actor (d. 1965)
 * 1889 – Han van Meegeren, Dutch painter and forger (d. 1947)
 * 1895 – Alfred Neuland, Estonian weightlifter (d. 1966)
 * 1895  – Fridolf Rhudin, Swedish actor (d. 1935)
 * 1895  – Wolfram Freiherr von Richthofen, German field marshal (d. 1945)
 * 1898 – Lilly Daché, French-American fashion designer (d. 1989)
 * 1900 – Helen Hayes, American actress (d. 1993)

1901–present

 * 1901 – Alberto Giacometti, Swiss sculptor and painter (d. 1966)
 * 1902 – K. Shivaram Karanth, Indian journalist, author, and activist (d. 1997)
 * 1903 – Prince Charles, Count of Flanders (d. 1983)
 * 1903  – Vernon Duke, Russian-American composer and songwriter (d. 1969)
 * 1903  – Bei Shizhang, Chinese biologist and academic (d. 2009)
 * 1905 – Aksella Luts, Estonian actress, screenwriter, dancer, and choreographer (d. 2005)
 * 1906 – Paul Creston, American composer and educator (d. 1985)
 * 1906  – Fei Mu, Chinese director and screenwriter (d. 1951)
 * 1906  – R. K. Narayan, Indian author (d. 2001)
 * 1908 – Johnny Green, American conductor and composer (d. 1989)
 * 1908  – Mercè Rodoreda, Catalan author and poet (d. 1983)
 * 1909 – Robert F. Boyle, American production designer and art director (d. 2010)
 * 1910 – Julius Shulman, American photographer and environmentalist (d. 2009)
 * 1911 – Clare Hollingworth, English journalist and author (d. 2017)
 * 1912 – Ram Vilas Sharma, Indian poet and critic (d. 2000)
 * 1913 – Claude Simon, Malagasy-French novelist and critic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005)
 * 1914 – Tommy Fine, American baseball player and businessman (d. 2005)
 * 1914  – Ivory Joe Hunter, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1974)
 * 1915 – Harry Edison, American trumpet player and composer (d. 1999)
 * 1917 – Thelonious Monk, American pianist and composer (d. 1982)
 * 1919 – Willard Estey, Canadian academic and jurist (d. 2002)
 * 1919  – Gerry Gomez, Trinidadian cricketer, manager, and umpire (d. 1996)
 * 1919  – Kim Ki-young, South Korean director, screenwriter, producer, and editor (d. 1997)
 * 1919  – William Kruskal, American mathematician and statistician (d. 2005)
 * 1919  – Edgar Laprade, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2014)
 * 1920 – Gail Halvorsen, American air force pilot known as the "Berlin Candy Bomber." (d. 2022)
 * 1922 – Merv Pregulman, American football player, businessman, and philanthropist (d. 2012)
 * 1923 – Louis Gottlieb, American singer and bass player (d. 1996)
 * 1923  – Nicholas Parsons, English actor and game show host (d. 2020)
 * 1923  – Murray Walker, English journalist and sportscaster (d. 2021)
 * 1924 – James Clavell, Australian-American director, producer, screenwriter, and author (d. 1994)
 * 1924  – Ludmilla Tchérina, French actress, ballerina, and choreographer (d. 2004)
 * 1924  – Ed Wood, American actor, director, producer, screenwriter (d. 1978)
 * 1926 – Oscar Brown, American singer-songwriter, playwright, and actor (d. 2005)
 * 1926  – Richard Jaeckel, American actor (d. 1997)
 * 1927 – Dana Elcar, American actor and director (d. 2005)
 * 1927  – Jon Locke, American actor (d. 2013)
 * 1927  – Thomas Wilson, American-Scottish composer and educator (d. 2001)
 * 1928 – Leyla Gencer, Turkish soprano (d. 2008)
 * 1928  – Sheila Walsh, English author (d. 2009)
 * 1929 – Ayten Alpman, Turkish singer (d. 2012)
 * 1929  – Herb Levinson, American actor (d. 2012)
 * 1929  – Bernard Mayes, English-American journalist and academic (d. 2014)
 * 1930 – Eugenio Castellotti, Italian race car driver (d. 1957)
 * 1930  – Yves Chauvin, French chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2015)
 * 1930  – Harold Pinter, English playwright, screenwriter, director Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2008)
 * 1930  – Adlai Stevenson III, American lawyer and politician (d. 2021)
 * 1932 – Harry Smith, English footballer (d. 2016)
 * 1933 – Jay Sebring, American hair stylist and businessman (d. 1969)
 * 1935 – Khalil al-Wazir, Palestinian commander, founded Fatah (d. 1988)
 * 1935  – André Bureau, Canadian lawyer and businessman (d. 2019)
 * 1935  – Judith Chalmers, English television host and actress
 * 1936 – Gerhard Ertl, German physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
 * 1937 – Bruce Devlin, Australian golfer and sportscaster
 * 1937  – Peter Underwood, Australian lawyer and politician, 27th Governor of Tasmania (d. 2014)
 * 1938 – Oleg Gordievsky, Russian intelligence officer and author
 * 1938  – Leroy Hood, American biologist and academic
 * 1938  – Daidō Moriyama, Japanese photographer
 * 1938  – Lily Tuck, American novelist and short story writer
 * 1940 – Winston Churchill, English journalist and politician (d. 2010)
 * 1941 – Peter Coyote, American actor, director, and screenwriter
 * 1941  – Ken Saro-Wiwa, Nigerian author and activist (d. 1995)
 * 1942 – Janis Hansen, American singer and author (d. 2017)
 * 1942  – Radu Vasile, Romanian historian and politician, 57th Prime Minister of Romania (d. 2013)
 * 1943 – Frederick Barthelme, American novelist and short story writer
 * 1945 – Christopher Hill, English bishop
 * 1945  – Vanburn Holder, Barbadian cricketer
 * 1945  – Headman Shabalala, South African bass singer (d. 1991)
 * 1946 – Charles Dance, English actor, director, and screenwriter
 * 1946  – Naoto Kan, Japanese lawyer and politician, 61st Prime Minister of Japan
 * 1946  – Peter Mahovlich, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
 * 1946  – Anne Mather, English author and screenwriter
 * 1946  – John Prine, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2020)
 * 1946  – Raymond Tallis, English physician, philosopher, author, and academic
 * 1946  – Chris Tarrant, English radio and television host
 * 1946  – Ben Vereen, American actor, singer, and dancer
 * 1946  – Willard White, Jamaican-English actor and singer
 * 1947 – Gary Beach, American actor and singer (d. 2018)
 * 1947  – Giant Haystacks, English wrestler (d. 1998)
 * 1948 – Sue Campbell, Baroness Campbell of Loughborough, English academic and businesswoman
 * 1948  – Cyril Neville, American R&B percussionist and singer
 * 1948  – Séverine, French singer and actress
 * 1949 – Warren Burt, American-Australian composer
 * 1949  – Lance Cairns, New Zealand cricketer
 * 1949  – Jessica Harper, American actress
 * 1949  – Wang Wanxing, Chinese activist
 * 1950 – Charlie George, English footballer
 * 1950  – Nora Roberts, American author
 * 1951 – Epeli Ganilau, Fijian general and politician, 16th Minister for Fijian Affairs (d. 2023)
 * 1952 – Bob Nystrom, Swedish ice hockey player
 * 1952  – Dela Smith, English educator
 * 1953 – Fiona Rae, Scottish painter
 * 1953  – Midge Ure, Scottish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
 * 1953  – Aleksander Veingold, Estonian chess player and coach
 * 1953  – Gus Williams, American basketball player
 * 1954 – Václav Patejdl, Slovak musician (d. 2023)
 * 1954  – Rekha, Indian actress
 * 1954  – David Lee Roth, American singer-songwriter and producer
 * 1954  – Fernando Santos, Portuguese footballer and manager
 * 1956 – Amanda Burton, Northern Irish actress and producer
 * 1956  – David Hempleman-Adams, English businessman and adventurer
 * 1956  – Taur Matan Ruak, East Timorese politician, 3rd President of East Timor
 * 1957 – Rumiko Takahashi, Japanese author and illustrator
 * 1958 – Tanya Tucker, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
 * 1959 – Michael Cobley, English-Scottish author
 * 1959  – Kirsty MacColl, English singer-songwriter (d. 2000)
 * 1959  – Arif Peçenek, Turkish football player and manager (d. 2013)
 * 1959  – Bill Rammell, English academic and politician, Minister of State for the Armed Forces
 * 1959  – Julia Sweeney, American actress, comedian, producer, and screenwriter
 * 1959  – Bradley Whitford, American actor and producer
 * 1960 – Ron Flockhart, Canadian ice hockey player
 * 1960  – Eric Martin, American singer-songwriter
 * 1960  – Russell Slade, English football manager
 * 1960  – Paul Thiebaud, American art dealer (d. 2010)
 * 1960  – Simon Townshend, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
 * 1961 – Scott Hoffman, American drummer
 * 1961  – Henrik Jørgensen, Danish runner (d. 2019)
 * 1961  – Martin Kemp, English singer-songwriter and bass player
 * 1962 – Thomas Rusch, German photographer
 * 1963 – Jolanda de Rover, Dutch swimmer
 * 1963  – Anita Mui, Hong Kong singer and actress (d. 2003)
 * 1963  – Daniel Pearl, American-Israeli journalist (d. 2002)
 * 1963  – Vegard Ulvang, Norwegian skier
 * 1964 – Sarah Lancashire, English actress and director
 * 1964  – Crystal Waters, American singer-songwriter, musician and producer
 * 1965 – Toshi, Japanese singer-songwriter and producer
 * 1965  – Chris Penn, American actor (d. 2006)
 * 1965  – Rebecca Pidgeon, American-English singer-songwriter and actress
 * 1966 – Tony Adams, English footballer and manager
 * 1966  – Bai Ling, Chinese-American model and actress
 * 1966  – Derrick McKey, American basketball player
 * 1967 – Michael Giacchino, American composer
 * 1967  – Jonathan Littell, American-French author and humanitarian
 * 1967  – Mike Malinin, American drummer and producer
 * 1967  – Gavin Newsom, American businessman and politician, 40th and current Governor of California
 * 1967  – Jacek Zieliński, Polish footballer and coach
 * 1968 – Bart Brentjens, Dutch cyclist
 * 1968  – Feridun Düzağaç, Turkish singer-songwriter
 * 1968  – Chris Ofili, British painter
 * 1968  – Marinos Ouzounidis, Greek footballer and manager
 * 1969 – Manu Bennett, New Zealand-Australian actor
 * 1969  – Joelle Carter, American actress
 * 1969  – Dilsa Demirbag Sten, Swedish journalist and author
 * 1969  – Francis Escudero, Filipino lawyer and politician
 * 1969  – Brett Favre, American football player
 * 1969  – Shawn Jamison, American basketball player and coach
 * 1969  – Wendi McLendon-Covey, American actress
 * 1970 – Dean Kiely, Irish footballer
 * 1970  – Silke Kraushaar-Pielach, German sled racer
 * 1970  – Matthew Pinsent, English rower and sportscaster
 * 1971 – Graham Alexander, English-Scottish footballer and manager
 * 1971  – Ian Bennett, English footballer
 * 1971  – Evgeny Kissin, Russian pianist
 * 1972 – Yinka Dare, Nigerian basketball player (d. 2004)
 * 1972  – Jun Lana, Filipino director, producer, playwright, and screenwriter
 * 1972  – Dean Roland, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
 * 1972  – Alexei Zhitnik, Ukrainian-Russian ice hockey player
 * 1973 – Mario Lopez, American actor, television personality, and producer
 * 1973  – Scott Morriss, English bass player and songwriter
 * 1973  – Zach Thornton, American soccer player and coach
 * 1974 – Asi Cohen, Israeli actor and screenwriter
 * 1974  – Oded Kattash, Israeli basketball player and coach
 * 1974  – Julio Ricardo Cruz, Argentinian footballer
 * 1974  – Dale Earnhardt Jr., American race car driver and actor
 * 1974  – Lucy Powell, English politician
 * 1974  – Chris Pronger, Canadian ice hockey player
 * 1975 – Ihsahn, Norwegian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
 * 1975  – Ramón Morales, Mexican footballer and manager
 * 1975  – Plácido Polanco, Dominican-American baseball player
 * 1976 – Bob Burnquist, Brazilian-American skateboarder
 * 1976  – Pat Burrell, American baseball player
 * 1976  – Shane Doan, Canadian ice hockey player
 * 1978 – Scott Dobie, English footballer
 * 1978  – Naomi Levari, Israeli film producer and director
 * 1978  – Jodi Lyn O'Keefe, American model and actress
 * 1979 – Kangta, South Korean singer-songwriter, producer, and actor
 * 1979  – Nicolás Massú, Chilean tennis player
 * 1979  – Mýa, American singer-songwriter, producer, dancer, and actress
 * 1979  – Joel Przybilla, American basketball player
 * 1979  – Hitomi Satō, Japanese actress
 * 1980 – Blaž Emeršič, Slovenian ice hockey player
 * 1980  – Casey FitzSimmons, American football player
 * 1980  – Elvis Hammond, Ghanaian footballer
 * 1980  – Tim Maurer, American singer-songwriter
 * 1980  – Julie Pomagalski, French snowboarder (d. 2021)
 * 1981 – Una Foden, Irish singer-songwriter and dancer
 * 1981  – Gavin Shuker, English lawyer and politician
 * 1982 – Yasser Al-Qahtani, Saudi Arabian footballer
 * 1982  – Amon Buchanan, Australian footballer
 * 1982  – David Cal, Spanish sprint canoeist
 * 1982  – Tony Khan, American sports executive
 * 1982  – Dan Stevens, English actor
 * 1983 – Lzzy Hale, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
 * 1983  – Vusimuzi Sibanda, Zimbabwean cricketer
 * 1983  – Nikos Spyropoulos, Greek footballer
 * 1983  – Tolga Zengin, Turkish footballer
 * 1984 – Stephanie Cheng, Hong Kong singer
 * 1984  – Jean-Baptiste Grange, French skier
 * 1984  – Ryan Hollins, American basketball player and commentator
 * 1984  – Chiaki Kuriyama, Japanese actress and singer
 * 1984  – Tomáš Pöpperle, Czech ice hockey player
 * 1984  – Paul Posluszny, American football player
 * 1984  – Troy Tulowitzki, American baseball player
 * 1985 – Dominique Cornu, Belgian cyclist
 * 1985  – Bronson Harrison, New Zealand rugby league player
 * 1985  – Marina Diamandis, Welsh singer-songwriter and pianist
 * 1985  – Rostislav Olesz, Czech ice hockey player
 * 1985  – Sandra Záhlavová, Czech tennis player
 * 1986 – Ezequiel Garay, Argentinian footballer
 * 1986  – Lucy Griffiths, English actress
 * 1986  – Nathan Jawai, Australian basketball player
 * 1986  – Andrew McCutchen, American baseball player
 * 1986  – Ellen Andrea Wang, Norwegian bassist and composer
 * 1987 – Rodjun Cruz, Filipino actor and dancer
 * 1987  – Junior Madozein, Central African basketball player
 * 1987  – Ryan Mathews, American football player
 * 1987  – Colin Slade, New Zealand rugby player
 * 1988 – Luis Cardozo, Paraguayan footballer
 * 1988  – Shaun Fensom, Australian rugby league player
 * 1988  – Brown Ideye, Nigerian footballer
 * 1988  – Rose McIver, New Zealand actress
 * 1988  – Emmanuel Nwachi, Nigerian footballer
 * 1988  – Toby Smith, Australian-New Zealand rugby player
 * 1989 – Jeurys Familia, Dominican baseball player
 * 1989  – Emer Kenny, English actress and screenwriter
 * 1989  – Aimee Teegarden, American actress and producer
 * 1990 – Shelby Miller, American baseball player
 * 1990  – Geno Smith, American football player
 * 1990  – Kolten Wong, American baseball player
 * 1991 – Michael Carter-Williams, American basketball player
 * 1991  – Gabriella Cilmi, Australian singer-songwriter and producer
 * 1991  – Lali Espósito, Argentinian actress and singer
 * 1991  – Mariana Pajón, Colombian cyclist
 * 1991  – Xherdan Shaqiri, Swiss footballer
 * 1992 – Anthony Brown, American basketball player
 * 1993 – Lourdes Gurriel Jr., Cuban baseball player
 * 1993  – Jayden Stockley, English footballer
 * 1994 – Ilya Mikheyev, Russian ice hockey player
 * 1994  – Tereza Smitková, Czech tennis player
 * 1994  – Bae Suzy, South Korean singer, actress and model
 * 1994  – Mike Tobey, American-Slovenian basketball player
 * 1994  – Marquez Valdes-Scantling, American football player
 * 1995 – Brenko Lee, Australian-Tongan rugby league player
 * 1995  – Courtland Sutton, American football player
 * 1996 – Sami Niku, Finnish ice hockey player
 * 2002 – Josh Giddey, Australian basketball player

Pre-1600

 * AD 19 – Germanicus, Roman general (b. 15 BC)
 * 644 – Paulinus of York, English bishop and missionary
 * 680 – Abbas ibn Ali, son of Imam Ali
 * 680  – Ali al-Akbar ibn Husayn, son of Al-Husayn
 * 680  – Habib ibn Madhahir
 * 680  – Husayn ibn Ali, third Shia Imam and grandson of Muhammad (b. 626)
 * 827 – Pope Valentine (b. 800)
 * 937 – Wang Lingmou, chancellor of Wu
 * 1149 – Al-Hafiz, Fatimid imam-caliph (b. 1074/77)
 * 1213 – Frederick II, Duke of Lorraine
 * 1308 – Patrick Dunbar, 8th Earl of Dunbar
 * 1359 – Hugh IV of Cyprus (b. 1295)
 * 1503 – Peter II, Duke of Bourbon (b. 1438)
 * 1581 – Bayinnaung, Burmese king (b. 1516)

1601–1900

 * 1659 – Abel Tasman, Dutch merchant and explorer (b. 1603)
 * 1691 – Isaac de Benserade, French author and poet (b. 1613)
 * 1708 – David Gregory, Scottish mathematician and astronomer (b. 1659)
 * 1714 – Pierre Le Pesant, sieur de Boisguilbert, French economist and academic (b. 1646)
 * 1720 – Antoine Coysevox, French sculptor (b. 1640)
 * 1723 – William Cowper, 1st Earl Cowper, English lawyer and politician, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain (b. 1665)
 * 1725 – Philippe de Rigaud Vaudreuil, French politician, Governor of New France (b. 1643)
 * 1747 – John Potter, English archbishop and academic (b. 1674)
 * 1759 – Granville Elliott, English general (b. 1713)
 * 1765 – Lionel Sackville, 1st Duke of Dorset, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1688)
 * 1795 – Francesco Antonio Zaccaria, Italian historian and theologian (b. 1714)
 * 1800 – Gabriel Prosser, American rebel leader (b. 1776)
 * 1806 – Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia (b. 1772)
 * 1827 – Ugo Foscolo, Italian author and poet (b. 1778)
 * 1837 – Charles Fourier, French philosopher and academic (b. 1772)
 * 1857 – George Washington Parke Custis, American author and playwright (b. 1781)
 * 1872 – William H. Seward, American lawyer and politician, 24th United States Secretary of State (b. 1801)
 * 1875 – Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy, Russian author, poet, and playwright (b. 1817)
 * 1876 – Charles Joseph Sainte-Claire Deville, French geologist and meteorologist (b. 1814)
 * 1893 – Lip Pike, American baseball player and manager (b. 1845)

1901–present

 * 1901 – Lorenzo Snow, American religious leader, 5th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1814)
 * 1913 – Adolphus Busch, German-American brewer and businessman, co-founded Anheuser-Busch (b. 1839)
 * 1913  – Katsura Tarō, Japanese general and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1848)
 * 1914 – Carol I of Romania (b. 1839)
 * 1918 – Henry Dobson, Australian politician, 17th Premier of Tasmania (b. 1841)
 * 1922 – Andreas Karkavitsas, Greek physician and author (b. 1866)
 * 1923 – Andrés Avelino Cáceres, Peruvian general, President of Peru (b. 1836)
 * 1927 – August Kitzberg, Estonian author and playwright (b. 1855)
 * 1927  – Gustave Whitehead, German-American pilot and engineer (b. 1874)
 * 1930 – Adolf Engler, German botanist and academic (b. 1844)
 * 1935 – Gustave Loiseau, French painter (b. 1865)
 * 1940 – Berton Churchill, Canadian-American actor and singer (b. 1876)
 * 1942 – Arnold Majewski, Finnish military hero of Polish descent (killed in action) (b. 1892)
 * 1948 – Ted Horn, American race car driver (b. 1910)
 * 1949 – Chikuhei Nakajima, Japanese engineer, businessman, and politician, founded Nakajima Aircraft Company (b. 1884)
 * 1953 – Erima Harvey Northcroft, New Zealand general, lawyer, and judge (b. 1884)
 * 1957 – Karl Genzken, German physician (b. 1885)
 * 1962 – Stancho Belkovski, Bulgarian-Polish architect (b. 1891)
 * 1963 – Roy Cazaly, Australian footballer and coach (b. 1893)
 * 1963  – Édith Piaf, French singer-songwriter and actress (b. 1915)
 * 1964 – Eddie Cantor, American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actor (b. 1892)
 * 1964  – Heinrich Neuhaus, Ukrainian-Russian pianist and educator (b. 1888)
 * 1966 – Charlotte Cooper, English-Scottish tennis player (b. 1870)
 * 1966  – Louise Thuliez, French school teacher, resistance fighter during World War I and World War II and author (b. 1881)
 * 1970 – Édouard Daladier, French captain and politician, 105th Prime Minister of France (b. 1884)
 * 1971 – John Cawte Beaglehole, New Zealand historian and scholar (b. 1901)
 * 1973 – Ludwig von Mises, Ukrainian-American economist and sociologist (b. 1881)
 * 1974  – Joseph Wulf, German-Polish historian (b. 1912)
 * 1976 – Silvana Armenulić, Bosnian singer and actress (b. 1939)
 * 1976  – Mirsada Mirjana Bajraktarević, Bosnian singer-songwriter (b. 1951)
 * 1977 – Angelo Muscat, Maltese-English actor (b. 1930)
 * 1978 – Ralph Marterie, Italian-American trumpet player and bandleader (b. 1914)
 * 1978  – Ralph Metcalfe, American sprinter and politician (b. 1910)
 * 1979 – Christopher Evans, English psychologist, computer scientist, and author (b. 1931)
 * 1979  – Paul Paray, French organist, composer, and conductor (b. 1886)
 * 1982 – Jean Effel, French painter and journalist (b. 1908)
 * 1983 – Ralph Richardson, English actor (b. 1902)
 * 1985 – Yul Brynner, Russian actor (b. 1920)
 * 1985  – Orson Welles, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1915)
 * 1986 – Gleb Wataghin, Ukrainian-Italian physicist and academic (b. 1899)
 * 1987 – Behice Boran, Turkish Marxist politician, author and sociologist (b. 1910)
 * 1990 – Tom Murton, American penologist and activist (b. 1928)
 * 1990  – Nikolaos Pavlopoulos, Greek sculptor and academic (b. 1909)
 * 1991 – Nickolaus Hirschl, Austrian wrestler, discus thrower, and shot putter (b. 1906)
 * 1997 – Michael J. S. Dewar, Indian-born American theoretical chemist who developed the Dewar–Chatt–Duncanson model (b. 1918)
 * 1998 – Clark Clifford, American captain, lawyer, and politician 9th United States Secretary of Defense (b. 1906)
 * 1998  – Marvin Gay Sr., American minister (b. 1914)
 * 1998  – Tommy Quaid, Irish hurler and manager (b. 1957)
 * 2000 – Sirimavo Bandaranaike, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (b. 1916)
 * 2001 – Eddie Futch, American boxer and trainer (b. 1911)
 * 2001  – Vasily Mishin, Russian engineer (b. 1917)
 * 2003 – Eila Hiltunen, Finnish sculptor (b. 1922)
 * 2003  – Eugene Istomin, American pianist (b. 1925)
 * 2004 – Ken Caminiti, American baseball player (b. 1963)
 * 2004  – Christopher Reeve, American actor, producer, and activist (b. 1952)
 * 2004  – Arthur H. Robinson, American geographer and cartographer (b. 1915)
 * 2004  – Maurice Shadbolt, New Zealand author and playwright (b. 1932)
 * 2005 – Wayne C. Booth, American educator and critic (b. 1921)
 * 2005  – Milton Obote, Ugandan politician, 2nd President of Uganda (b. 1925)
 * 2006 – Michael John Rogers, English ornithologist and academic (b. 1932)
 * 2006  – Ian Scott, Canadian lawyer and politician (b. 1934)
 * 2008 – Kazuyoshi Miura, Japanese businessman (b. 1947)
 * 2009 – Stephen Gately, Irish singer-songwriter, dancer, and actor (b. 1976)
 * 2010 – Solomon Burke, American singer-songwriter and preacher (b. 1940)
 * 2010  – Joan Sutherland, Australian-Swiss soprano and actress (b. 1926)
 * 2011 – Jagjit Singh, Indian singer-songwriter (b. 1941)
 * 2012 – Sam Gibbons, American captain and politician (b. 1920)
 * 2012  – Alex Karras, American football player, wrestler, and actor (b. 1935)
 * 2012  – Piotr Lenartowicz, Polish philosopher and educator (b. 1934)
 * 2012  – Basil L. Plumley, American sergeant (b. 1920)
 * 2012  – Mark Poster, American philosopher and educator (b. 1941)
 * 2012  – Kyaw Zaw, Burmese commander and politician (b. 1919)
 * 2013 – Scott Carpenter, American commander, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1925)
 * 2013  – Jay Conrad Levinson, American author and educator (b. 1933)
 * 2013  – Sohei Miyashita, Japanese politician, Japanese Minister of Defense (b. 1927)
 * 2013  – Cal Smith, American singer and guitarist (b. 1932)
 * 2014 – Olav Dale, Norwegian saxophonist and composer (b. 1958)
 * 2014  – Damiana Eugenio, Filipino author and academic (b. 1921)
 * 2014  – Valeri Karpov, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1971)
 * 2014  – Lari Ketner, American football and basketball player (b. 1977)
 * 2014  – Pavel Landovský, Czech actor, director, and playwright (b. 1936)
 * 2014  – Ed Nimmervoll, Austrian-Australian journalist, historian, and author (b. 1947)
 * 2015 – Diepreye Alamieyeseigha, Nigerian politician, Governor of Bayelsa State (b. 1952)
 * 2015  – Hilla Becher, German photographer and educator (b. 1934)
 * 2015  – Manorama, Indian (Tamil) actress (b. 1937)
 * 2015  – Steve Mackay, American saxophonist and composer (b. 1949)
 * 2015  – Sybil Stockdale, American activist, co-founded the National League of Families (b. 1924)
 * 2016 – Donn Fendler, American author and speaker (b. 1926)
 * 2021 – Abdul Qadeer Khan, Pakistani nuclear physicist and metallurgical scientist (b. 1936)
 * 2022 – Mulayam Singh Yadav, Indian politician, 15th Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh (b. 1939)

Holidays and observances

 * Arbor Day (Poland)
 * Army Day (Sri Lanka)
 * Capital Liberation Day (Vietnam)
 * Christian feast day:
 * Blessed Angela Truszkowska
 * Cerbonius
 * Daniel Comboni
 * Eulampius and Eulampia
 * Gereon and companions
 * Blessed María Catalina Irigoyen Echegaray (Maria Desposorios)
 * Paulinus of York (in England)
 * Pinytus
 * Tanca
 * Vida Dutton Scudder (Episcopal Church)
 * Viktor of Xanten
 * October 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
 * Constitution Day (Sint Maarten)
 * Curaçao Day, anniversary of autonomy
 * Double Ten Day (The National Day of Republic of China), celebrates outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising in 1911 that led to founding of the Republic of China in 1912
 * Fiji Day, celebrates the independence of Fiji from United Kingdom in 1970
 * Finnish Literature Day (Finland)
 * Independence Day, commemorates the proclamation of Cuba's independence from Spain and the beginning of the Ten Years' War in 1868.
 * Party Foundation Day (North Korea)
 * World Day Against the Death Penalty
 * World Mental Health Day
 * World Porridge Day