July 19

Pre-1600

 * AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city.
 * 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is recognized in Antioch and makes it his capital.
 * 711 – Umayyad conquest of Hispania: Battle of Guadalete: Umayyad forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad defeat the Visigoths led by King Roderic.
 * 939 – Battle of Simancas: King Ramiro II of León defeats the Moorish army under Caliph Abd-al-Rahman III near the city of Simancas.
 * 998 – Arab–Byzantine wars: Battle of Apamea: Fatimids defeat a Byzantine army near Apamea.
 * 1333 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Battle of Halidon Hill: The English win a decisive victory over the Scots.
 * 1544 – Italian War of 1542–46: The first Siege of Boulogne begins.
 * 1545 – The Tudor warship Mary Rose sinks off Portsmouth; in 1982 the wreck is salvaged in one of the most complex and expensive projects in the history of maritime archaeology.
 * 1553 – The attempt to install Lady Jane Grey as Queen of England  collapses after only nine days.
 * 1588 – Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines: The Spanish Armada is sighted in the English Channel.

1601–1900

 * 1701 – Representatives of the Iroquois Confederacy sign the Nanfan Treaty, ceding a large territory north of the Ohio River to England.
 * 1702 – Great Northern War: A numerically superior Polish-Saxon army of Augustus II the Strong, operating from an advantageous defensive position, is defeated by a Swedish army half its size under the command of King Charles XII in the Battle of Klissow.
 * 1817 – Unsuccessful in his attempt to conquer the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi for the Russian-American Company, Georg Anton Schäffer is forced to admit defeat and leave Kauaʻi.
 * 1821 – Coronation of George IV of the United Kingdom.
 * 1832 – The British Medical Association is founded as the Provincial Medical and Surgical Association by Sir Charles Hastings at a meeting in the Board Room of the Worcester Infirmary.
 * 1843 – Brunel's steamship the SS Great Britain is launched, becoming the first ocean-going craft with an iron hull and screw propeller, becoming the largest vessel afloat in the world.
 * 1845 – Great New York City Fire of 1845: The last great fire to affect Manhattan begins early in the morning and is subdued that afternoon. The fire kills four firefighters and 26 civilians and destroys 345 buildings.
 * 1848 – Women's rights: A two-day Women's Rights Convention opens in Seneca Falls, New York.
 * 1863 – American Civil War: Morgan's Raid: At Buffington Island in Ohio, Confederate General John Hunt Morgan's raid into the north is mostly thwarted when a large group of his men are captured while trying to escape across the Ohio River.
 * 1864 – Taiping Rebellion: Third Battle of Nanking: The Qing dynasty finally defeats the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
 * 1870 – Franco-Prussian War: France declares war on Prussia.
 * 1900 – The first line of the Paris Métro opens for operation.

1901–present

 * 1903 – Maurice Garin wins the first Tour de France.
 * 1916 – World War I: Battle of Fromelles: British and Australian troops attack German trenches as part of the Battle of the Somme.
 * 1934 – The rigid airship USS Macon (ZRS-5) surprised the USS Houston (CA-30) near Clipperton Island with a mail delivery for President Franklin D. Roosevelt, demonstrating its potential for tracking ships at sea.
 * 1936 – Spanish Civil War: The CNT and UGT call a general strike in Spain – mobilizing workers' militias against the Nationalist forces.
 * 1940 – World War II: Battle of Cape Spada: The Royal Navy and the Regia Marina clash; the Italian light cruiser Bartolomeo Colleoni sinks, with 121 casualties.
 * 1940  – Field Marshal Ceremony: First occasion in World War II that Adolf Hitler appoints field marshals due to military achievements.
 * 1940  – World War II: Army order 112 forms the Intelligence Corps of the British Army.
 * 1942 – World War II: The Second Happy Time of Hitler's submarines comes to an end, as the increasingly effective American convoy system compels them to return to the central Atlantic.
 * 1943 – World War II: Rome is heavily bombed by more than 500 Allied aircraft, inflicting thousands of casualties.
 * 1947 – Prime Minister of the shadow Burmese government, Bogyoke Aung San and eight others are assassinated.
 * 1947  – Korean politician Lyuh Woon-hyung is assassinated.
 * 1952 – Opening of the Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland.
 * 1957 – The largely autobiographical novel The Ordeal of Gilbert Pinfold by Evelyn Waugh was published.
 * 1961 – Tunisia imposes a blockade on the French naval base at Bizerte; the French would capture the entire town four days later.
 * 1963 – Joe Walker flies a North American X-15 to a record altitude of 106,010 meters (347,800 feet) on X-15 Flight 90. Exceeding an altitude of 100 km, this flight qualifies as a human spaceflight under international convention.
 * 1964 – Vietnam War: At a rally in Saigon, South Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyễn Khánh calls for expanding the war into North Vietnam.
 * 1967 – Piedmont Airlines Flight 22, a Piedmont Airlines Boeing 727-22 and a twin-engine Cessna 310 collided over Hendersonville, North Carolina, USA. Both aircraft were destroyed and all passengers and crew were killed, including John T. McNaughton, an advisor to Robert McNamara.
 * 1969 – Chappaquiddick incident: U.S. Senator Ted Kennedy crashes his car into a tidal pond at Chappaquiddick Island, Massachusetts, killing his passenger Mary Jo Kopechne.
 * 1972 – Dhofar Rebellion: British SAS units help the Omani government against Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman rebels in the Battle of Mirbat.
 * 1976 – Sagarmatha National Park in Nepal is created.
 * 1977 – The world's first Global Positioning System (GPS) signal was transmitted from Navigation Technology Satellite 2 (NTS-2) and received at Rockwell Collins in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, at 12:41 a.m. Eastern time (ET).
 * 1979 – The Sandinista rebels overthrow the government of the Somoza family in Nicaragua.
 * 1979  – The oil tanker SS Atlantic Empress collides with another oil tanker, causing the largest ever ship-borne oil spill.
 * 1980 – Opening of the Summer Olympics in Moscow.
 * 1981 – In a private meeting with U.S. President Ronald Reagan, French President François Mitterrand reveals the existence of the Farewell Dossier, a collection of documents showing the Soviet Union had been stealing American technological research and development.
 * 1982 – In one of the first militant attacks by Hezbollah, David S. Dodge, president of the American University of Beirut, is kidnapped.
 * 1983 – The first three-dimensional reconstruction of a human head in a CT is published.
 * 1985 – The Val di Stava dam collapses killing 268 people in Val di Stava, Italy.
 * 1989 – United Airlines Flight 232 crashes in Sioux City, Iowa killing 111.
 * 1992 – A car bomb kills Judge Paolo Borsellino and five members of his escort.
 * 1997 – The Troubles: The Provisional Irish Republican Army resumes a ceasefire to end their 25-year paramilitary campaign to end British rule in Northern Ireland.
 * 2011 – Guinean President Alpha Condé survives an attempted assassination and coup d'état at his residence in Conakry.
 * 2012 – Syrian civil war: The People's Protection Units (YPG) capture the city of Kobanî without resistance, starting the Rojava conflict in Northeast Syria.
 * 2014 – Gunmen in Egypt's western desert province of New Valley Governorate attack a military checkpoint, killing at least 21 soldiers. Egypt reportedly declares a state of emergency on its border with Sudan.
 * 2018 – The Knesset passes the controversial Nationality Bill, which defines the State of Israel as the nation-state of the Jewish people.
 * 2024 ─ A faulty software update by CrowdStrike, an American cybersecurity company, causes global computer outages.

Pre-1600

 * 810 – Muhammad al-Bukhari, Persian scholar (d. 870)
 * 1223 – Baibars, sultan of Egypt (d. 1277)
 * 1420 – William VIII, Marquis of Montferrat (d. 1483)
 * 1569 – Conrad Vorstius, Dutch theologian (d. 1622)

1601–1900

 * 1670 – Richard Leveridge, English singer-songwriter (d. 1758)
 * 1688 – Giuseppe Castiglione, Italian missionary and painter (d. 1766)
 * 1744 – Heinrich Christian Boie, German author and poet (d. 1806)
 * 1759 – Marianna Auenbrugger, Austrian pianist and composer (d. 1782)
 * 1759  – Seraphim of Sarov, Russian monk and saint (d. 1833)
 * 1771 – Thomas Talbot, Irish-Canadian colonel and politician (d. 1853)
 * 1794 – José Justo Corro, Mexican politician and president (d. 1864)
 * 1789 – John Martin, English painter, engraver, and illustrator (d. 1854)
 * 1800 – Juan José Flores, Venezuelan general and politician, 1st President of Ecuador (d. 1864)
 * 1814 – Samuel Colt, American businessman, founded the Colt's Manufacturing Company (d. 1862)
 * 1819 – Gottfried Keller, Swiss author, poet, and playwright (d. 1890)
 * 1822 – Princess Augusta of Cambridge (d. 1916)
 * 1827 – Mangal Pandey, Indian soldier (d. 1857)
 * 1834 – Edgar Degas, French painter, sculptor, and illustrator (d. 1917)
 * 1835 – Justo Rufino Barrios, Guatemalan president (d. 1885)
 * 1842 – Frederic T. Greenhalge, English-American lawyer and politician, 38th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1896)
 * 1846 – Edward Charles Pickering, American astronomer and physicist (d. 1919)
 * 1849 – Ferdinand Brunetière, French scholar and critic (d. 1906)
 * 1860 – Lizzie Borden, American woman, tried and acquitted for the murders of her father and step-mother in 1892 (d. 1927)
 * 1864 – Fiammetta Wilson, English astronomer (d. 1920)
 * 1865 – Georges Friedel, French mineralogist and crystallographer (d. 1933)
 * 1865  – Charles Horace Mayo, American surgeon, co-founder of the Mayo Clinic (d. 1939)
 * 1868 – Florence Foster Jenkins, American soprano and educator (d. 1944)
 * 1869 – Xenophon Stratigos, Greek general and politician, Greek Minister of Transport (d. 1927)
 * 1875 – Alice Dunbar Nelson, American poet and activist (d. 1935)
 * 1876 – Joseph Fielding Smith, American religious leader, 10th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1972)
 * 1877 – Arthur Fielder, English cricketer (d. 1949)
 * 1881 – Friedrich Dessauer, German physicist and philosopher (d. 1963)
 * 1883 – Max Fleischer, Austrian-American animator and producer (d. 1972)
 * 1886 – Michael Fekete, Hungarian-Israeli mathematician and academic (d. 1957)
 * 1888 – Enno Lolling, German physician (d. 1945)
 * 1890 – George II of Greece (d. 1947)
 * 1892 – Dick Irvin, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1957)
 * 1893 – Vladimir Mayakovsky, Russian actor, playwright, and poet (d. 1930)
 * 1894 – Aleksandr Khinchin, Russian mathematician and academic (d. 1959)
 * 1894  – Khawaja Nazimuddin, Bangladeshi-Pakistani politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Pakistan (d. 1965)
 * 1894  – Percy Spencer, American physicist and inventor of the microwave oven (d. 1969)
 * 1895 – Xu Beihong, Chinese painter and academic (d. 1953)
 * 1896 – Reginald Baker, English film producer (d. 1985)
 * 1896  – A. J. Cronin, Scottish physician and novelist (d. 1981)
 * 1896  – Bob Meusel, American baseball player and sailor (d. 1977)
 * 1898 – Herbert Marcuse, German-American sociologist and philosopher (d. 1979)
 * 1899 – Balai Chand Mukhopadhyay, Indian physician, author, poet, and playwright (d. 1979)

1901–present

 * 1902 – Samudrala Sr., Indian singer, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1968)
 * 1904 – Robert Todd Lincoln Beckwith, American lawyer and farmer (d. 1985)
 * 1907 – Isabel Jewell, American actress (d. 1972)
 * 1908 – Daniel Fry, American contactee (d. 1992)
 * 1908  – Hans Trippel, German engineer, developed Amphicar (d. 2001)
 * 1909 – Balamani Amma, Indian poet and author (d. 2004)
 * 1912 – Peter Leo Gerety, American prelate (d. 2016)
 * 1913 – Kay Linaker, American actress and screenwriter (d. 2008)
 * 1914 – Marius Russo, American baseball player (d. 2005)
 * 1915 – Åke Hellman, Finnish painter (d. 2017)
 * 1916 – Phil Cavarretta, American baseball player and manager (d. 2010)
 * 1917 – William Scranton, American captain and politician, 13th United States Ambassador to the United Nations (d. 2013)
 * 1919 – Patricia Medina, English-American actress (d. 2012)
 * 1919  – Miltos Sachtouris, Greek poet and author (d. 2005)
 * 1919  – Ron Searle, English-Canadian soldier, publisher, and politician, 4th Mayor of Mississauga (d. 2015)
 * 1920 – Robert Mann, American violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 2018)
 * 1920  – Richard Oriani, Salvadoran-American metallurgist and engineer (d. 2015)
 * 1921 – Harold Camping, American evangelist, author, radio host (d. 2013)
 * 1921  – André Moynet, French soldier, race car driver, and politician (d. 1993)
 * 1921  – Elizabeth Spencer, American novelist, short story writer, and playwright (d. 2019)
 * 1921  – Rosalyn Sussman Yalow, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2011)
 * 1922 – George McGovern, American lieutenant, historian, and politician (d. 2012)
 * 1922  – Rachel Robinson, American professor, registered nurse, and the widow of baseball player Jackie Robinson
 * 1923 – Theo Barker, English historian (d. 2001)
 * 1923  – Alex Hannum, American basketball player and coach (d. 2002)
 * 1923  – Joseph Hansen, American author and poet (d. 2004)
 * 1923  – William A. Rusher, American lawyer and journalist (d. 2011)
 * 1923  – Lon Simmons, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2015)
 * 1924 – Stanley K. Hathaway, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 40th United States Secretary of the Interior (d. 2005)
 * 1924  – Pat Hingle, American actor and producer (d. 2009)
 * 1924  – Arthur Rankin Jr., American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2014)
 * 1925 – Sue Thompson, American singer (d. 2021)
 * 1926 – Helen Gallagher, American actress, singer, and dancer
 * 1928 – Samuel John Hazo, American author
 * 1928  – Choi Yun-chil, South Korean long-distance runner and a two-time national champion in the marathon (d. 2020)
 * 1929 – Gaston Glock, Austrian engineer and businessman, co-founded Glock Ges.m.b.H. (d. 2023)
 * 1929  – Orville Turnquest, Bahamian politician
 * 1932 – Buster Benton, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1996)
 * 1932  – Jan Lindblad, Swedish biologist and photographer (d. 1987)
 * 1934 – Francisco de Sá Carneiro, Portuguese lawyer and politician, 111th Prime Minister of Portugal (d. 1980)
 * 1935 – Nick Koback, American baseball player and golfer (d. 2015)
 * 1936 – David Colquhoun, English pharmacologist and academic
 * 1937 – George Hamilton IV, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2014)
 * 1937  – Richard Jordan, American actor (d. 1993)
 * 1938 – Jayant Narlikar, Indian astrophysicist and astronomer
 * 1938  – Tom Raworth, English poet and academic (d. 2017)
 * 1941 – Vikki Carr, American singer and actress
 * 1941  – Neelie Kroes, Dutch politician and diplomat, European Commissioner for Digital Economy and Society
 * 1943 – Han Sai Por, Singaporean sculptor and academic
 * 1943  – Carla Mazzuca Poggiolini, Italian journalist and politician
 * 1944 – Tim McIntire, American actor and singer (d. 1986)
 * 1944  – Andres Vooremaa, Estonian chess player (d. 2022)
 * 1945 – Paule Baillargeon, Canadian actress, director, and screenwriter
 * 1946 – Alan Gorrie, Scottish singer-songwriter and musician
 * 1946  – Ilie Năstase, Romanian tennis player and politician
 * 1947 – André Forcier, Canadian director and screenwriter
 * 1947  – Hans-Jürgen Kreische, German footballer and manager
 * 1947  – Bernie Leadon, American guitarist and songwriter
 * 1947  – Brian May, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and astrophysicist
 * 1948 – Keith Godchaux, American keyboard player and songwriter (d. 1980)
 * 1949 – Kgalema Motlanthe, South African politician, 3rd President of South Africa
 * 1950 – Per-Kristian Foss, Norwegian politician, Norwegian Minister of Finance
 * 1950  – Freddy Moore, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2022)
 * 1950  – Adrian Noble, English director and screenwriter
 * 1951 – Abel Ferrara, American director, producer, and screenwriter
 * 1952 – Allen Collins, American guitarist and songwriter (d. 1990)
 * 1952  – Jayne Anne Phillips American novelist and short story writer
 * 1953 – Howard Schultz, American businessman and author
 * 1954 – Mark O'Donnell, American playwright (d. 2012)
 * 1954  – Steve O'Donnell, American screenwriter and producer
 * 1954  – Srđa Trifković, Serbian-American journalist and historian
 * 1955 – Roger Binny, Indian cricketer and sportscaster
 * 1955  – Dalton McGuinty, Canadian lawyer and politician, 24th Premier of Ontario
 * 1956  – Mark Crispin, American computer scientist, designed the IMAP (d. 2012)
 * 1958 – Brad Drewett, Australian tennis player and sportscaster (d. 2013)
 * 1958  – Robert Gibson, American wrestler
 * 1958  – David Robertson, American conductor
 * 1959 – Juan J. Campanella, Argentinian director, producer, and screenwriter
 * 1960 – Atom Egoyan, Egyptian-Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter
 * 1960  – Kevin Haskins, English drummer and songwriter
 * 1961 – Harsha Bhogle, Indian journalist and author
 * 1961  – Maria Filatova, Russian gymnast
 * 1961  – Lisa Lampanelli, American comedian, actress, and author
 * 1961  – Benoît Mariage, Belgian director and screenwriter
 * 1961  – Hideo Nakata, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter
 * 1961  – Campbell Scott, American actor, director, and producer
 * 1962 – Anthony Edwards, American actor and director
 * 1963 – Thomas Gabriel Fischer, Swiss musician
 * 1963  – Garth Nix, Australian author
 * 1964 – Teresa Edwards, American basketball player
 * 1964  – Masahiko Kondō, Japanese singer-songwriter and race car driver
 * 1965 – Evelyn Glennie, Scottish musician
 * 1965  – Claus-Dieter Wollitz, German footballer and manager
 * 1967 – Yael Abecassis, Israeli model and actress
 * 1967  – Jean-François Mercier, Canadian comedian, screenwriter, and television host
 * 1968 – Robb Flynn, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
 * 1968  – Pavel Kuka, Czech footballer and manager
 * 1968  – Jim Norton, American comedian, actor, and author
 * 1969 – Matthew Libatique, American cinematographer
 * 1970 – Bill Chen, American poker player and software designer
 * 1970  – Christopher Luxon, New Zealand politician, 42nd Prime Minister of New Zealand
 * 1970  – Nicola Sturgeon, Scottish lawyer and politician, First Minister of Scotland
 * 1971 – Rene Busch, Estonian tennis player and coach
 * 1971  – Vitali Klitschko, Ukrainian boxer and politician, Mayor of Kyiv
 * 1971  – Michael Modest, American wrestler
 * 1971  – Catriona Rowntree, Australian television host
 * 1971  – Lesroy Weekes, Montserratian cricketer
 * 1972 – Ebbe Sand, Danish footballer and manager
 * 1973 – Martin Powell, English keyboard player and songwriter
 * 1973  – Scott Walker, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
 * 1974 – Rey Bucanero, Mexican wrestler
 * 1974  – Francisco Copado, German footballer and manager
 * 1974  – Josée Piché, Canadian ice dancer
 * 1974  – Vince Spadea, American tennis player
 * 1974  – Preston Wilson, American baseball player and sportscaster
 * 1975 – Luca Castellazzi, Italian footballer
 * 1976 – Benedict Cumberbatch, English actor
 * 1976  – Gonzalo de los Santos, Uruguayan footballer and manager
 * 1977 – Jean-Sébastien Aubin, Canadian ice hockey player
 * 1977  – Tony Mamaluke, American wrestler and manager
 * 1977  – Ed Smith, English cricketer and journalist
 * 1979 – Rick Ankiel, American baseball player
 * 1979  – Josué Anunciado de Oliveira, Brazilian footballer
 * 1979  – Dilhara Fernando, Sri Lankan cricketer
 * 1979  – Luke Young, English footballer
 * 1980 – Xavier Malisse, Belgian tennis player
 * 1980  – Giorgio Mondini, Italian race car driver
 * 1980  – Chris Sullivan, American actor
 * 1981 – Nenê, Brazilian footballer
 * 1981  – David Bernard, Jamaican cricketer
 * 1981  – Mark Gasnier, Australian rugby player and sportscaster
 * 1981  – Jimmy Gobble, American baseball player
 * 1981  – Grégory Vignal, French footballer
 * 1982 – Christopher Bear, American drummer
 * 1982  – Phil Coke, American baseball player
 * 1982  – Jared Padalecki, American actor
 * 1982  – Jess Vanstrattan, Australian footballer
 * 1983 – Helen Skelton, English television host and actress
 * 1983  – Fedor Tyutin, Russian ice hockey player
 * 1984 – Andrea Libman, Canadian voice actress
 * 1984  – Adam Morrison, American basketball player
 * 1984  – Ryan O'Byrne, Canadian ice hockey player
 * 1984  – Lewis Price, Welsh footballer
 * 1985 – LaMarcus Aldridge, American basketball player
 * 1985  – Zhou Haibin, Chinese footballer
 * 1985  – Marina Kuzina, Russian basketball player
 * 1985  – Hadi Norouzi, Iranian footballer (d. 2015)
 * 1986 – Leandro Greco, Italian footballer
 * 1986  – Jinder Mahal, Canadian wrestler
 * 1987 – Yan Gomes, Brazilian-American baseball player
 * 1987  – Jon Jones, American mixed martial artist
 * 1987  – Marc Murphy, Australian footballer
 * 1988 – Shane Dawson, American comedian and actor
 * 1988  – Kevin Großkreutz, German footballer
 * 1988  – Jakub Kovář, Czech ice hockey player
 * 1988  – Trent Williams, American football player
 * 1989 – Patrick Corbin, American baseball player
 * 1989  – Sam McKendry, Australian-New Zealand rugby league player
 * 1991 – Eray İşcan, Turkish footballer
 * 1992 – Jake Nicholson, English footballer
 * 1994 – Christian Welch, Australian rugby league player
 * 1996 – Paul Momirovski, Australian rugby league player
 * 1998 – Erin Cuthbert, footballer
 * 1998  – Karl Jacobs, American YouTuber and streamer
 * 1998  – Ronaldo Vieira, Bissau-Guinean footballer
 * 2003 – Tyler Downs, American Olympic diver

Pre-1600

 * 514 – Symmachus, pope of the Catholic Church
 * 806 – Li Shigu, Chinese general (b. 778)
 * 973 – Kyunyeo, Korean monk and poet (b. 917)
 * 998 – Damian Dalassenos, Byzantine general (b. 940)
 * 1030 – Adalberon, French bishop
 * 1234 – Floris IV, Dutch nobleman (b. 1210)
 * 1249 – Jacopo Tiepolo, doge of Venice
 * 1333 – John Campbell, Scottish nobleman
 * 1333  – Alexander Bruce, Scottish nobleman
 * 1333  – Sir Archibald Douglas, Scottish nobleman
 * 1333  – Maol Choluim II, Scottish nobleman
 * 1333  – Kenneth de Moravia, 4th Earl of Sutherland
 * 1374 – Petrarch, Italian poet and scholar (b. 1304)
 * 1415 – Philippa of Lancaster, Portuguese queen (b. 1360)
 * 1543 – Mary Boleyn, English daughter of Elizabeth Boleyn, Countess of Wiltshire (b. 1499)

1601–1900

 * 1631 – Cesare Cremonini, Italian philosopher and academic (b. 1550)
 * 1742 – William Somervile, English poet and author (b. 1675)
 * 1810 – Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Prussian queen (b. 1776)
 * 1814 – Matthew Flinders, English navigator and cartographer (b. 1774)
 * 1824 – Agustín de Iturbide, Mexican general and emperor (b. 1783)
 * 1838 – Pierre Louis Dulong, French physicist and chemist (b. 1785)
 * 1850 – Margaret Fuller, American journalist and critic (b. 1810)
 * 1855 – Konstantin Batyushkov, Russian poet and translator (b. 1787)
 * 1857 – Stefano Franscini, Swiss statistician and politician (b. 1796)
 * 1878 – Yegor Ivanovich Zolotarev, Russian mathematician and academic (b. 1847)
 * 1882 – John William Bean, English criminal and failed regicide (b. 1824)
 * 1896 – Abraham H. Cannon, American publisher and religious leader (b. 1859)

1901–present

 * 1913 – Clímaco Calderón, Colombian lawyer and politician, 15th President of Colombia (b. 1852)
 * 1925 – John Indermaur, British lawyer (b. 1851)
 * 1930 – Robert Stout, Scottish-New Zealand politician, 13th Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1844)
 * 1933 – Kaarle Krohn, Finnish historian and academic (b. 1863)
 * 1939 – Rose Hartwick Thorpe, American poet and author (b. 1850)
 * 1941 – Špiro Bocarić, Serbian painter, victim of Genocide of Serbs
 * 1943 – Yekaterina Budanova, Russian captain and pilot (b. 1916)
 * 1943  – Carlo Zangarini, Italian poet and opera librettist (b. 1873)
 * 1947 – U Razak, Burmese educator and politician (b. 1898)
 * 1947  – Aung San, Burmese general and politician (b. 1915)
 * 1947  – Lyuh Woon-hyung, South Korean politician (b. 1886)
 * 1963 – William Andrew, English priest (b. 1884)
 * 1965 – Syngman Rhee, South Korean journalist and politician, 1st President of South Korea (b. 1875)
 * 1967 – John T. McNaughton, United States Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs and an advisor to Robert McNamara (b. 1921)
 * 1967  – Odell Shepard, American poet and politician, 66th Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut (b. 1884)
 * 1969 – Stratis Myrivilis, Greek soldier and author (b. 1890)
 * 1974 – Ernő Schwarz, Hungarian-American soccer player and coach (b. 1904)
 * 1975 – Lefty Frizzell, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1928)
 * 1977 – Karl Ristikivi, Estonian geographer, author, and poet (b. 1912)
 * 1980 – Margaret Craven, American journalist and author (b. 1901)
 * 1980  – Nihat Erim, Turkish jurist and politician, 13th Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1912)
 * 1980  – Hans Morgenthau, German-American political scientist, philosopher, and academic (b. 1904)
 * 1981 – Roger Doucet, Canadian tenor (b. 1919)
 * 1982 – Hugh Everett III, American physicist and mathematician (b. 1930)
 * 1984 – Faina Ranevskaya, Russian actress (b. 1896)
 * 1984  – Aziz Sami,  Iraqi writer and translator (b. 1895)
 * 1985 – Janusz Zajdel, Polish author (b. 1938)
 * 1989 – Kazimierz Sabbat, Polish businessman and politician, President of the Republic of Poland (b. 1913)
 * 1990 – Eddie Quillan, American actor (b. 1907)
 * 1992 – Paolo Borsellino, Italian lawyer and judge (b. 1940)
 * 1994 – Victor Barbeau, Canadian author and academic (b. 1896)
 * 1998 – Elmer Valo, Polish-American baseball player, coach, and manager (b. 1921)
 * 2002 – Dave Carter, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1952)
 * 2002  – Alan Lomax, American historian, scholar, and activist (b. 1915)
 * 2003 – Bill Bright, American evangelist and author, founded the Campus Crusade for Christ (b. 1921)
 * 2003  – Pierre Graber, Swiss politician, President of the Swiss National Council (b. 1908)
 * 2004 – Sylvia Daoust, Canadian sculptor (b. 1902)
 * 2004  – J. Gordon Edwards, American entomologist, mountaineer, and DDT advocate (b. 1919)
 * 2004  – Francis A. Marzen, American priest and journalist (b. 1924)
 * 2004  – Zenkō Suzuki, Japanese politician, 70th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1911)
 * 2005 – Edward Bunker, American author and screenwriter (b. 1933)
 * 2006 – Jack Warden, American actor (b. 1920)
 * 2007 – A. K. Faezul Huq, Bangladeshi journalist, lawyer, and politician (b. 1945)
 * 2007  – Roberto Fontanarrosa, Argentinian cartoonist (b. 1944)
 * 2008 – Dercy Gonçalves, Brazilian comedian and actress (b. 1907)
 * 2009 – Frank McCourt, American author and educator (b. 1930)
 * 2009  – Henry Surtees, English race car driver (b. 1991)
 * 2010 – Cécile Aubry, French actress, author, television screenwriter and director (b. 1928)
 * 2010  – Jon Cleary, Australian author and playwright (b. 1917)
 * 2012 – Humayun Ahmed, Bangladeshi director and playwright (b. 1948)
 * 2012  – Tom Davis, American comedian, actor, and screenwriter (b. 1952)
 * 2012  – Mohammad Hassan Ganji, Iranian meteorologist and academic (b. 1912)
 * 2012  – Omar Suleiman, Egyptian general and politician, 16th Vice President of Egypt (b. 1935)
 * 2012  – Sylvia Woods, American businesswoman, co-founded Sylvia's Restaurant of Harlem (b. 1926)
 * 2012  – Valiulla Yakupov, Islamic cleric (b. 1963)
 * 2013 – Mikhail Gorsheniov, Russian singer-songwriter (b. 1973)
 * 2013  – Geeto Mongol, Canadian-American wrestler and trainer (b. 1931)
 * 2013  – Mel Smith, English actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1952)
 * 2013  – Bert Trautmann, German footballer and manager (b. 1923)
 * 2013  – Phil Woosnam, Welsh-American soccer player and manager (b. 1932)
 * 2013  – Peter Ziegler, Swiss geologist and academic (b. 1928)
 * 2013  – Leyla Erbil, Turkish author (b. 1931)
 * 2014 – Rubem Alves, Brazilian theologian (b. 1933)
 * 2014  – David Easton, Canadian-American political scientist and academic (b. 1917)
 * 2014  – Paul M. Fleiss, American pediatrician and author (b. 1933)
 * 2014  – James Garner, American actor (b. 1928)
 * 2014  – Jerzy Jurka, Polish biologist (b. 1950)
 * 2014  – Ray King, English footballer and manager (b. 1924)
 * 2014  – Ingemar Odlander, Swedish journalist (b. 1936)
 * 2014  – Harry Pougher, English cricketer (b. 1941)
 * 2014  – Leen Vleggeert, Dutch politician (b. 1931)
 * 2014  – John Winkin, American baseball player, coach, and journalist (b. 1919)
 * 2015 – Van Alexander, American composer and conductor (b. 1915)
 * 2015  – Galina Prozumenshchikova, Ukrainian-Russian swimmer and journalist (b. 1948)
 * 2015  – Carmino Ravosa, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and producer (b. 1930)
 * 2015  – Gennadiy Seleznyov, Russian journalist and politician, 2nd Speaker of the Duma (b. 1947)
 * 2016 – Garry Marshall, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1934)
 * 2018 – Jon Schnepp, American producer, director, voice actor, editor, writer, cartoonist, animator, and cinematographer (b. 1967)
 * 2018  – Denis Ten, Kazakhstani figure skater (b. 1993)
 * 2019 – Rutger Hauer, Dutch actor, director, and producer (b. 1944)
 * 2024 – Nguyễn Phú Trọng, Vietnamese politician, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (b. 1944)

Holidays and observances

 * Palace Day
 * Christian feast day:
 * Arsenius (Catholic Church)
 * Bernold, Bishop of Utrecht
 * Justa and Rufina
 * Kirdjun (or Abakerazum)
 * Macrina the Younger, Sister of St. Basil the Great
 * Symmachus
 * July 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
 * Martyrs' Day (Myanmar)
 * Sandinista Day or Liberation Day (Nicaragua)