October 23

Pre-1600

 * 4004 BC – James Ussher's proposed creation date of the world according to the Bible.
 * 42 BC – Liberators' civil war: Mark Antony and Octavian decisively defeat an army under Brutus in the second part of the Battle of Philippi, with Brutus committing suicide and ending the civil war.
 * 425 – Valentinian III is elevated as Roman emperor at the age of six.
 * 502 – The Synodus Palmaris, called by Gothic king Theoderic, absolves Pope Symmachus of all charges, thus ending the schism of Antipope Laurentius.
 * 1086 – Spanish Reconquista: At the Battle of Sagrajas, the Almoravids defeats the Castilians, but are unable to take advantage of their victory.
 * 1157 – The Battle of Grathe Heath ends the Danish Civil War.
 * 1295 – The first treaty forming the Auld Alliance between Scotland and France against England is signed in Paris.

1601–1900

 * 1641 – Irish Catholic gentry from Ulster attempt to seize control of Dublin Castle, the seat of English rule in Ireland, so as to force concessions.
 * 1642 – The Battle of Edgehill is the first major battle of the English Civil War.
 * 1666 – The most intense tornado on record in English history, an F4 storm on the Fujita scale or T8 on the TORRO scale, strikes the county of Lincolnshire, with winds of more than 213 mph.
 * 1707 – The First Parliament of the Kingdom of Great Britain convenes.
 * 1798 – The forces of Ali Pasha of Janina defeat the French and capture the town of Preveza in the Battle of Nicopolis.
 * 1812 – General Claude François de Malet begins a conspiracy to overthrow Napoleon, claiming that the Emperor died in the Russian campaign.
 * 1850 – The first National Women's Rights Convention begins in Worcester, Massachusetts.
 * 1856 – Second Opium War: Dissatisfied with imperial commissioner Ye Mingchen’s reparations for the alleged slighting of a British-owned vessel and at Consul Harry Parkes’s urging, British Rear-Admiral Michael Seymour launches an assault on the Barrier Forts outside Canton in the first military engagement of the Second Opium War.
 * 1864 – American Civil War: The Battle of Westport is the last significant engagement west of the Mississippi River, ending in a Union victory.
 * 1868 – Meiji Restoration: Having taken the shogunate’s seat of power at Edo and declared it his new capital as Tokyo, Mutsuhito proclaims the start of the new Meiji era.

1901–present

 * 1906 – Alberto Santos-Dumont flies an airplane in the first heavier-than-air flight in Europe.
 * 1911 – The Italo-Turkish War sees the first use of an airplane in combat when an Italian pilot makes a reconnaissance flight.
 * 1912 – First Balkan War: The Battle of Kumanovo between the Serbian and Ottoman armies begins.
 * 1923 – German October: Due to a miscommunication with the party leadership, a militant section of the Communist Party of Germany launches an insurrection in Hamburg.
 * 1924 – Second Zhili–Fengtian War: Warlord Feng Yuxiang, with the covert support of the Empire of Japan, stages a coup in Beijing against his erstwhile superiors in the Zhili clique, crippling their nearly victorious war effort against the Fengtian clique and forcing them to withdraw from northern China.
 * 1927 – The Imatra Cinema is destroyed in a fire in Tampere, Finland, during showing the 1924 film Wages of Virtue; 21 people die in the fire and almost 30 are injured.
 * 1940 – Adolf Hitler and Francisco Franco meet at Hendaye to discuss the possibility of Spain entering the Second World War.
 * 1941 – The Holocaust: Nazi Germany prohibits Jews from emigrating, including in its occupied territories.
 * 1942 – World War II: Allied forces commence the Second Battle of El Alamein, which proves to be the key turning point in the North African campaign.
 * 1942  – All 12 passengers and crewmen aboard American Airlines Flight 28 are killed when it collides with a U.S. Army Air Force bomber near Palm Springs, California.
 * 1942  – World War II: The Battle for Henderson Field begins on Guadalcanal.
 * 1944 – World War II: The Battle of Leyte Gulf begins.
 * 1955 – Prime Minister Ngô Đình Diệm defeats former emperor Bảo Đại in a referendum and founds the Republic of Vietnam.
 * 1955 – The people of the Saar region vote in a referendum to unite with West Germany instead of France.
 * 1956 – Secret police shoot several anti-communist protesters, igniting the Hungarian Revolution.
 * 1958 – Canada's Springhill mining disaster kills seventy-five miners, while ninety-nine others are rescued.
 * 1958  – Belgian artist Peyo's comic characters, the Smurfs, make their debut in Spirou magazine.
 * 1965 – Vietnam War: The 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile), in conjunction with the Army of the Republic of Vietnam, launches an operation seeking to destroy Communist forces during the siege of Plei Me.
 * 1970 – Gary Gabelich sets a land speed record in a rocket-powered automobile called the Blue Flame, fueled with natural gas.
 * 1972 – Vietnam War: Operation Linebacker, a US bombing campaign against North Vietnam in response to its Easter Offensive, ends after five months.
 * 1982 – A gunfight breaks out between police officers and members of a religious cult in Arizona. The shootout leaves two cultists dead and dozens of cultists and police officers injured.
 * 1983 – Lebanese Civil War: The U.S. Marines Corps barracks in Beirut is hit by a truck bomb, killing 241 U.S. military personnel. A French Army barracks in Lebanon is also hit that same morning, killing 58 troops.
 * 1989 – The Hungarian Republic officially replaces the communist Hungarian People's Republic.
 * 1989  – Bankruptcy of Wärtsilä Marine, the biggest bankruptcy in the Nordic countries up until then.
 * 1989  – An explosion at the Houston Chemical Complex in Pasadena, Texas, which registered a 3.5 on the Richter magnitude scale, kills 23 and injures 314.
 * 1991 – Signing of the Paris Peace Accords which ends the Cambodian–Vietnamese War.
 * 1993 – The Troubles: A Provisional IRA bomb prematurely detonates in Belfast, killing the bomber and nine civilians.
 * 1995 – Yolanda Saldívar is found guilty of first-degree murder in the shooting death of popular Latin singer Selena.
 * 1998 – Israel and the Palestinian Authority sign the Wye River Memorandum.
 * 2001 – Apple Computer releases the iPod.
 * 2002 – Second Chechen War: Chechen separatist terrorists seize the House of Culture theater in Moscow and take approximately 700 theater-goers hostage.
 * 2004 – A powerful earthquake and its aftershocks hit Niigata Prefecture in northern Japan, killing 35 people, injuring 2,200, and leaving 85,000 homeless or evacuated.
 * 2007 – A storm causes the Mexican Kab 101 oil platform to collide with a wellhead, leading to the death and drowning of 22 people during rescue operations after evacuation of the platform.
 * 2011 – A powerful 7.2 magnitude earthquake strikes Van Province, Turkey, killing 582 people and injuring thousands.
 * 2011  – The Libyan National Transitional Council deems the Libyan Civil War over.
 * 2015 – The lowest sea-level pressure in the Western Hemisphere, and the highest reliably-measured non-tornadic sustained winds, are recorded in Hurricane Patricia, which strikes Mexico hours later, killing at least 13 and causing over $280 million in damages.
 * 2017 – War against the Islamic State: Philippine defense secretary Delfin Lorenzana declares the end of the Siege of Marawi.
 * 2020 – Second Libyan Civil War: The Second Libyan Civil War comes to an end as all parties to the 5+5 Joint Libyan Military Commission agree to a ceasefire.
 * 2022 – Xi Jinping is elected as General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party by the Central Committee, beginning a third term of the paramount leader of China.
 * 2022   – Myanmar Air Force airstrikes a concert in Hpakant Township, Kachin state killing at least 80 people, including senior Kachin Independence Organisation officials, in the Hpakant massacre.

Pre-1600

 * 1006 – Wen Yanbo, Chinese grand chancellor (d. 1097)
 * 1255 – Ferdinand de la Cerda, Spanish noble (d. 1275)
 * 1491 (estimated) – Ignatius of Loyola, Catholic priest (d. 1556)
 * 1516 – Charlotte of Valois, French princess (d. 1524)

1601–1900

 * 1634 – Hedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp, Swedish queen (d. 1715)
 * 1654 – Johann Bernhard Staudt, Austrian composer (d. 1712)
 * 1698 – Ange-Jacques Gabriel, French architect, designed the École Militaire (d. 1782)
 * 1705 – Maximilian Ulysses Browne, Austrian field marshal (d. 1757)
 * 1713 – Pieter Burman the Younger, Dutch philologist, poet, and educator (d. 1778)
 * 1762 – Samuel Morey, American engineer (d. 1843)
 * 1766 – Emmanuel de Grouchy, Marquis de Grouchy, French general (d. 1847)
 * 1790 – Chauncey Allen Goodrich, American minister, lexicographer, and educator (d. 1860)
 * 1796 – Stefano Franscini, Swiss statistician and politician (d. 1857)
 * 1801 – Albert Lortzing, German singer-songwriter and actor (d. 1851)
 * 1805 – John Russell Bartlett, American linguist and historian (d. 1886)
 * 1813 – Ludwig Leichhardt, German-Australian explorer (d. 1848)
 * 1815 – João Maurício Vanderlei, Baron of Cotejipe, Brazilian politician (d. 1889)
 * 1817 – Pierre Larousse, French lexicographer and author (d. 1875)
 * 1822 – Gustav Spörer, German astronomer (d. 1895)
 * 1832 – Johan Gabriel Ståhlberg, Finnish priest and father of K. J. Ståhlberg, the first President of Finland (d. 1873)
 * 1835 – Adlai Stevenson I, American lawyer and politician, 23rd Vice President of the United States (d. 1914)
 * 1837 – Moritz Kaposi, Hungarian dermatologist (d. 1902)
 * 1844 – Sarah Bernhardt, French actress (d. 1923)
 * 1844  – Robert Bridges, English poet and playwright (d. 1930)
 * 1857 – Juan Luna, Filipino painter and sculptor (d. 1899)
 * 1863 – Mirko Breyer, Croatian writer, bibliographer, antiquarian, and one of the notable alleged and false victims of the Stara Gradiška concentration camp (d. 1946)
 * 1865 – Neltje Blanchan, American historian and author (d. 1918)
 * 1869 – John Heisman, American football player and coach (d. 1936)
 * 1870 – Francis Kelley, Canadian-American bishop (d. 1948)
 * 1873 – William D. Coolidge, American physicist and engineer (d. 1975)
 * 1874 – Charles Kilpatrick, American runner and educator (d. 1921)
 * 1875 – Gilbert N. Lewis, American chemist and academic (d. 1946)
 * 1876 – Franz Schlegelberger, German judge and politician, Reich Ministry of Justice (d. 1970)
 * 1880 – Dominikus Böhm, German architect (d. 1955)
 * 1880  – Una O'Connor, Irish-American actress and singer (d. 1959)
 * 1883 – Hugo Wast, Argentine writer (d. 1962)
 * 1885 – Lawren Harris, Canadian painter and educator (d. 1970)
 * 1888 – Onésime Gagnon, Canadian scholar and politician, 20th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (d. 1961)
 * 1892 – Speckled Red, American blues/boogie-woogie piano player and singer-songwriter (d. 1973)
 * 1894 – Rube Bressler, American baseball player (d. 1966)
 * 1894  – Emma Vyssotsky, American astronomer and academic (d. 1975)
 * 1896 – Hilario Abellana, Filipino politician (d. 1945)
 * 1896  – Lilyan Tashman, American actress (d. 1934)
 * 1897 – John Baker, English air marshal (d. 1978)
 * 1897  – Juan Ignacio Luca de Tena, Spanish writer (d. 1975)
 * 1899 – Bernt Balchen, Norwegian aviator (d. 1973)
 * 1900 – Douglas Jardine, Indian-English cricketer and lawyer (d. 1958)

1901–present

 * 1902 – Robert Eberan von Eberhorst, Austrian engineer (d. 1982)
 * 1902  – Luther Evans, American political scientist and politician (d. 1981)
 * 1904 – Harvey Penick, American golfer and coach (d. 1995)
 * 1905 – Felix Bloch, Swiss physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1983)
 * 1905  – Yen Chia-kan, Chinese lawyer and politician, President of the Republic of China (d. 1993)
 * 1905  – Gertrude Ederle, American swimmer (d. 2003)
 * 1908 – František Douda, Czech shot putter (d. 1990)
 * 1908  – Ilya Frank, Russian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1990)
 * 1909 – Zellig Harris, American linguist and methodologist (d. 1992)
 * 1910 – Richard Mortensen, Danish painter and educator (d. 1993)
 * 1910  – Hayden Rorke, American actor (d. 1987)
 * 1911 – Jack Keller, American hurdler (d. 1978)
 * 1915 – Simo Puupponen, Finnish writer (d. 1967)
 * 1918 – Augusta Dabney, American actress (d. 2008)
 * 1918  – James Daly, American actor (d. 1978)
 * 1918  – Paul Rudolph, American architect and academic, designed the Lippo Centre (d. 1997)
 * 1919 – Manolis Andronikos, Greek archaeologist and academic (d. 1992)
 * 1920 – Ted Fujita, Japanese-American meteorologist and academic (d. 1998)
 * 1920  – Bob Montana, American illustrator (d. 1975)
 * 1920  – Gianni Rodari, Italian writer (d. 1980)
 * 1920  – Vern Stephens, American baseball player (d. 1968)
 * 1922 – Jean Barker, Baroness Trumpington, English politician (d. 2018)
 * 1922  – Coleen Gray, American actress (d. 2015)
 * 1923 – Aslam Farrukhi, Indian-Pakistani linguist, author, and scholar (d. 2016)
 * 1923  – Ned Rorem, American composer and author (d. 2022)
 * 1923  – Frank Sutton, American actor (d. 1974)
 * 1924 – Arthur Brittenden, English journalist (d. 2015)
 * 1925 Fred Shero, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach (d. 1990)
 * 1927 – Sonny Criss, American saxophonist and composer (d. 1977)
 * 1927  – Dezső Gyarmati, Hungarian water polo player and coach (d. 2013)
 * 1927  – Leszek Kołakowski, Polish-English historian and philosopher (d. 2009)
 * 1929 – Luis Alarcón, Chilean actor (d. 2023)
 * 1929  – Shamsur Rahman, Bangladeshi poet and journalist (d. 2006)
 * 1930 – Unto Mononen, Finnish musician (d. 1968)
 * 1931 – Jim Bunning, American baseball player and politician (d. 2017)
 * 1931  – William P. Clark, Jr., American judge and politician, 12th United States National Security Advisor (d. 2013)
 * 1931  – Diana Dors, English actress (d. 1984)
 * 1931  – Johnny Kitagawa, Japanese businessman, and talent manager (d. 2019)
 * 1932 – Vasily Belov, Russian novelist, poet and playwright (d. 2012)
 * 1933 – Carol Fran, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 2021)
 * 1933  – Carlos Lemos Simmonds, sixth Vice President of Columbia (d. 2003)
 * 1934 – Caitro Soto, Afro-Peruvian musician (d. 2004)
 * 1935 – JacSue Kehoe, American neuroscientist (d. 2019)
 * 1936 – Charles Goodhart, English economist and academic
 * 1936  – Philip Kaufman, American director, producer, and screenwriter
 * 1937 – Johnny Carroll, American rockabilly musician (d. 1995)
 * 1937  – Carlos Lamarca, Brazilian captain (d. 1971)
 * 1937  – Deven Verma, Indian actor, director, and producer (d. 2014)
 * 1938 – Alan G`ilzean, Scottish footballer and manager (d. 2018)
 * 1939 – Charlie Foxx, American R&B/soul singer and guitarist (d. 1998)
 * 1939  – C. V. Vigneswaran, Sri Lankan lawyer, judge, and politician, 1st Chief Minister of the Northern Province
 * 1940 – Ellie Greenwich, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2009)
 * 1940  – Jane Holzer, American model, actress, producer, and art collector
 * 1940  – Pelé, Brazilian footballer and actor (d. 2022)
 * 1941 – René Metge, French rally driver (d. 2024)
 * 1941  – Colin Milburn, English cricketer (d. 1990)
 * 1941  – Igor Smirnov, Moldovan engineer and politician, 1st President of Transnistria
 * 1942 – Douglas Dunn, Scottish poet, critic, and academic
 * 1942  – Bernd Erdmann, German footballer and manager
 * 1942  – Anita Roddick, English businesswoman and activist, founded The Body Shop (d. 2007)
 * 1943 – Alida Chelli, Italian actress and singer (d. 2012)
 * 1944 – Mike Harding, English singer-songwriter and comedian
 * 1945 – Maggi Hambling, English sculptor and painter
 * 1945  – Kim Larsen, Danish singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2018)
 * 1945  – Graça Machel, Mozambican politician and humanitarian
 * 1945  – Ernie Watts, American saxophonist
 * 1945  – Maury Yeston, American composer, lyricist, and music theorist
 * 1946 – Graeme Barker, English archaeologist and academic
 * 1946  – Alicia Borinsky, Argentine writer
 * 1946  – Mel Martínez, American lawyer and politician, 12th United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
 * 1946  – Miklós Németh, Hungarian javelin thrower
 * 1947 – Abdel Aziz al-Rantisi, co-founder of the Palestinian movement Hamas (d. 2004)
 * 1947  – Kazimierz Deyna, Polish footballer (d. 1989)
 * 1947  – Greg Ridley, English bass player (d. 2003)
 * 1948 – Hermann Hauser, Austrian-English businessman, co-founded Acorn Computers and Olivetti Research Laboratory
 * 1948  – Gerry Robinson, Irish-born British businessman, arts patron and television personality (d. 2021)
 * 1948  – Brian Ross, American journalist
 * 1948  – Jordi Sabatés, Spanish musician (d. 2022)
 * 1949 – Krešimir Ćosić, Croatian soldier and politician
 * 1949  – Oscar Martínez, Argentine theater actor
 * 1949  – Nick Tosches, American journalist, author, and poet (d. 2019)
 * 1949  – Würzel, English singer and guitarist (d. 2011)
 * 1950 – Maths O. Sundqvist, Swedish businessman (d. 2012)
 * 1951 – Ángel de Andrés López, Spanish actor (d. 2016)
 * 1951  – Charly García, Argentine singer-songwriter and keyboard player
 * 1951  – Fatmir Sejdiu, Kosovan academic and politician, 2nd President of Kosovo
 * 1951  – David Wills, American country music singer-songwriter and guitarist
 * 1952 – Pierre Moerlen, French drummer (d. 2005)
 * 1952  – Ken Tipton, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
 * 1953 – Taner Akçam, Turkish sociologist and historian
 * 1953  – Joaquín Lavín, Chilean politician and economist
 * 1953  – Pauline Black, English singer, actress and author
 * 1954 – Ang Lee, Taiwanese-American director, producer, and screenwriter
 * 1956 – Adam Nawałka, Polish football player and manager
 * 1956  – Darrell Pace, American archer
 * 1956  – Dianne Reeves, American singer
 * 1956  – Dwight Yoakam, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor
 * 1957 – Paul Kagame, Rwandan soldier and politician, 6th President of Rwanda
 * 1957  – Graham Rix, English footballer and coach
 * 1958 – Michael Eric Dyson, American activist, author, and academic
 * 1958  – Rose Nabinger, German singer
 * 1958  – Frank Schaffer, German sprinter
 * 1960 – Mirwais Ahmadzaï, Swiss-French keyboard player, songwriter, and producer
 * 1960  – Katoucha Niane, French model and actress (d. 2008)
 * 1960  – Randy Pausch, American author and academic (d. 2008)
 * 1960  – Wayne Rainey, American motorcycle racer
 * 1961 – Laurie Halse Anderson, American author
 * 1961  – Vinicio Gómez, Guatemalan politician (d. 2008)
 * 1961  – Andoni Zubizarreta, Spanish footballer and sportscaster
 * 1963 – Gordon Korman, Canadian-American author
 * 1963  – Rashidi Yekini, Nigerian footballer (d. 2012)
 * 1964 – Eddy Cue, American computer scientist and businessman
 * 1964  – Robert Trujillo, American bass player and songwriter
 * 1965 – Augusten Burroughs, American author and screenwriter
 * 1965  – Al Leiter, American baseball player and sportscaster
 * 1966 – Alex Zanardi, Italian racing driver and cyclist
 * 1967 – Dale Crover, American musician
 * 1967  – Omar Linares, Cuban baseball player
 * 1967  – Jaime Yzaga, Peruvian tennis player
 * 1969 – Dolly Buster, Czech film producer and director, actress and author
 * 1969  – Trudi Canavan, Australian author and illustrator
 * 1969  – Bill O'Brien, American football player and coach
 * 1969  – Brooke Theiss, American actress
 * 1970 – Matthew Barzun, American diplomat, United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom
 * 1970  – Grant Imahara, American television presenter and engineer (d. 2020)
 * 1970  – Kenji Nomura, Japanese voice actor
 * 1970  – Zoe Wiseman, American model and photographer
 * 1971 – Carlo Forlivesi, Italian-Japanese composer and scholar
 * 1971  – Chris Horner, American cyclist
 * 1972 – Tiffeny Milbrett, American soccer player
 * 1972  – Dominika Paleta, Polish-Mexican actress
 * 1972  – Eduardo Paret, Cuban baseball player
 * 1972  – Bryan Pratt, American lawyer and politician
 * 1972  – Jasmin St. Claire, Virgin Islander-American actress
 * 1972  – Jimmy Wayne, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
 * 1973 – Christian Dailly, Scottish footballer
 * 1974 – Aravind Adiga, Indian journalist and author
 * 1974  – Beatrice Faumuina, New Zealand discus thrower
 * 1974  – Sander Westerveld, Dutch footballer
 * 1974  – Christine Yoshikawa, Canadian pianist
 * 1975 – Michelle Beadle, American sportscaster
 * 1975  – Odalys García, Cuban actress
 * 1975  – Phillip Gillespie, Australian cricket umpire
 * 1975  – Jessicka, American singer-songwriter
 * 1975  – Yoon Son-ha, South Korean actress and singer
 * 1975  – Keith Van Horn, American basketball player
 * 1975  – Manuela Velasco, Spanish actress
 * 1976 – Cat Deeley, English model, actress, and television host
 * 1976  – Sergio Diduch, Argentine footballer
 * 1976  – Ryan Reynolds, Canadian-American actor and producer
 * 1977 – Brad Haddin, Australian cricketer
 * 1977  – Alex Tudor, English cricketer and coach
 * 1978 – Jimmy Bullard, English footballer
 * 1978  – Steve Harmison, English cricketer and sportscaster
 * 1978  – John Lackey, American baseball player
 * 1978  – Archie Thompson, New Zealand-Australian footballer
 * 1979 – Ramón Castro, Venezuelan baseball player
 * 1979  – Simon Davies, Welsh footballer
 * 1979  – Lynn Greer, American basketball player
 * 1979  – Prabhas, Telugu film actor
 * 1979  – Jorge Solís, Mexican boxer
 * 1979  – Bud Smith, American baseball player
 * 1980 – Mate Bilić, Croatian footballer
 * 1980  – Pedro Liriano, Dominican baseball player
 * 1981 – Daniela Alvarado, Venezuelan actress
 * 1981  – Jeroen Bleekemolen, Dutch racing driver
 * 1981  – Leticia Dolera, Spanish actress
 * 1981  – Ben Francisco, American baseball player
 * 1981  – Lee Ki-woo, South Korean actor
 * 1981  – Mirel Rădoi, Romanian footballer
 * 1982 – Valentin Badea, Romanian footballer
 * 1982  – Kristjan Kangur, Estonian basketball player
 * 1982  – Aleksandar Luković, Serbian footballer
 * 1982  – Rickey Paulding, American basketball player
 * 1982  – Rodolfo, Brazilian footballer
 * 1983 – Filippos Darlas, Greek footballer
 * 1983  – Valentin Demyanenko, Ukrainian-born Azerbaijani canoeist
 * 1983  – Goldie Harvey, Nigerian singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
 * 1984 – Izabel Goulart, Brazilian model
 * 1984  – Jeffrey Hoogervorst, Dutch footballer
 * 1984  – Simone Masini, Italian footballer
 * 1984  – Meghan McCain, American journalist, author, and television personality
 * 1984  – Michael Sim, Australian golfer
 * 1984  – Keiren Westwood, English footballer
 * 1985 – Mohammed Abdellaoue, Norwegian footballer
 * 1985  – Masiela Lusha, Albanian-American actress, poet, and humanitarian
 * 1985  – Miguel, American singer-songwriter and producer
 * 1985  – Chris Neal, English footballer
 * 1985  – Luca Spinetti, Italian footballer
 * 1985  – Panagiotis Vouis, Greek footballer
 * 1986 – Emilia Clarke, English actress
 * 1986  – Briana Evigan, American actress and dancer
 * 1986  – Inbar Lavi, Israeli actress
 * 1986  – Jovanka Radičević, Montenegrin handball player
 * 1986  – Jake Robinson, English footballer
 * 1986  – Jessica Stroup, American actress
 * 1987 – Carmella, American wrestler
 * 1987  – Robin Copeland, Irish rugby player
 * 1987  – Félix Doubront, Venezuelan baseball player
 * 1987  – Faye, Swedish singer-songwriter
 * 1987  – Kyle Gibson, American baseball player
 * 1987  – Seo In-guk, South Korean singer and actor
 * 1987  – Miyuu Sawai, Japanese model and actress
 * 1987  – Naomi Watanabe, Japanese actress
 * 1988 – Jordan Crawford, American basketball player
 * 1988  – Aleksandr Salugin, Russian footballer
 * 1988  – Carolin Schiewe, German footballer
 * 1989 – Viktor Agardius, Swedish footballer
 * 1989  – Alain Baroja, Venezuelan footballer
 * 1989  – Zach Brown, American football player
 * 1989  – Jonita Gandhi, Indo-Canadian singer
 * 1989  – Anisya Kirdyapkina, Russian race walker
 * 1989  – Andriy Yarmolenko, Ukrainian footballer
 * 1991 – Emil Forsberg, Swedish footballer
 * 1991  – Princess Mako of Akishino, member of the Japanese Imperial Family
 * 1991  – Jorge Taufua, Australian rugby league player
 * 1993 – Josh Ruffels, English footballer
 * 1997 – Nick Bosa, American football player
 * 1997  – Élie Okobo, French basketball player
 * 1997  – Jaydn Su'A, New Zealand rugby league player
 * 1998 – Jordan Goodwin, American basketball player
 * 1999 – Yui Kobayashi, Japanese idol

Pre-1600

 * 42 BC – Marcus Junius Brutus the Younger, Roman general and politician (b. 85 BC)
 * 877 – Ignatios of Constantinople, Byzantine patriarch (b. 797)
 * 891 – Yazaman al-Khadim, Abbasid general and politician
 * 902 – Ibrahim II of Ifriqiya, Aghlabid emir (b. 850)
 * 930 – Daigo, Japanese emperor (b. 885)
 * 945 – Hyejong of Goryeo, Korean king (b. 912)
 * 949 – Yōzei, Japanese emperor (b. 869)
 * 1134 – Abu al-Salt, Andalusian polymath
 * 1157 – Sweyn III, Danish king (b. c. 1125)
 * 1456 – John of Capistrano, Italian priest and saint (b. 1386)
 * 1550 – Tiedemann Giese, Polish bishop (b. 1480)
 * 1581 – Michael Neander, German mathematician and astronomer (b. 1529)

1601–1900

 * 1616 – Leonhard Hutter, German theologian and academic (b. 1563)
 * 1688 – Charles du Fresne, sieur du Cange, French philologist and historian (b. 1610)
 * 1730 – Anne Oldfield, English actress (b. 1683)
 * 1764 – Emmanuel-Auguste de Cahideuc, Comte Dubois de la Motte, French admiral (b. 1683)
 * 1774 – Michel Benoist, French missionary and astronomer (b. 1715)
 * 1852 – Georg August Wallin, Finnish explorer, orientalist, and professor (b. 1811)
 * 1867 – Franz Bopp, German linguist and academic (b. 1791)
 * 1869 – Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, English lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1799)
 * 1872 – Théophile Gautier, French journalist, author, and poet (b. 1811)
 * 1885 – Charles S. West, American lawyer, jurist, and politician, Secretary of State of Texas (b. 1829)
 * 1893 – Alexander of Battenberg (b. 1857)

1901–present

 * 1910 – Chulalongkorn, Thai king (b. 1853)
 * 1915 – W. G. Grace, English cricketer and physician (b. 1848)
 * 1916 – Richard McFadden, Scottish footballer and soldier (b. 1889)
 * 1917 – Eugène Grasset, Swiss illustrator (b. 1845)
 * 1921 – John Boyd Dunlop, Scottish businessman, founded Dunlop Rubber (b. 1840)
 * 1935 – Charles Demuth, American painter and educator (b. 1883)
 * 1939 – Zane Grey, American dentist and author (b. 1872)
 * 1942 – Ralph Rainger, American pianist and composer (b. 1901)
 * 1943 – Wakashima Gonshirō, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 21st Yokozuna (b. 1876)
 * 1944 – Charles Glover Barkla, English-Scottish physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1877)
 * 1944  – Hana Brady, Czech holocaust victim (b. 1931)
 * 1950 – Al Jolson, Lithuanian-American actor and singer (b. 1886)
 * 1953 – Adrien de Noailles, French son of Jules Charles Victurnien de Noailles (b. 1869)
 * 1959 – George Bouzianis, Greek painter (b. 1885)
 * 1959  – Gerda Lundequist, Swedish actress (b. 1871)
 * 1964 – Frank Luther Mott, American historian and journalist (b. 1886)
 * 1975 – Marjorie Maynard British artist and farmer (b. 1891)
 * 1978 – Maybelle Carter, American singer and autoharp player (Carter Family) (b. 1909)
 * 1980 – Tibor Rosenbaum, Hungarian-born Swiss rabbi and businessman (b. 1923)
 * 1983 – Jessica Savitch, American journalist (b. 1947)
 * 1984 – Oskar Werner, Austrian-German actor (b. 1922)
 * 1986 – Edward Adelbert Doisy, American biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1893)
 * 1988 – Asashio Tarō III, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 46th Yokozuna (b. 1929)
 * 1989 – Armida, Mexican-American actress, singer, and dancer (b. 1911)
 * 1990 – Thomas Williams, American author and academic (b. 1926)
 * 1994 – Robert Lansing, American actor (b. 1928)
 * 1996 – Bob Grim, American baseball player (b. 1930)
 * 1997 – Bert Haanstra, Dutch director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1916)
 * 1998 – Barnett Slepian, American physician (b. 1946)
 * 1999 – Eric Reece, Australian politician, 32nd Premier of Tasmania (b. 1909)
 * 2000 – Yokozuna, American wrestler (b. 1966)
 * 2001 – Josh Kirby, English illustrator (b. 1928)
 * 2001  – Daniel Wildenstein, French art dealer and historian (b. 1917)
 * 2002 – Adolph Green, American playwright and songwriter (b. 1915)
 * 2003 – Tony Capstick, English actor and singer (b. 1944)
 * 2003  – Soong Mei-ling, Chinese wife of Chiang Kai-shek, 2nd First Lady of the Republic of China (b. 1898)
 * 2004 – Robert Merrill, American actor and singer (b. 1919)
 * 2004  – Bill Nicholson, English footballer, coach, and manager (b. 1919)
 * 2005 – William Hootkins, American actor (b. 1948)
 * 2005  – John Muth, American economist and academic (b. 1930)
 * 2005  – Stella Obasanjo, Nigerian wife of Olusegun Obasanjo, 10th First Lady of Nigeria (b. 1945)
 * 2006 – Lebo Mathosa, South African singer (Boom Shaka) (b. 1977)
 * 2007 – John Ilhan, Turkish-Australian businessman, founded Crazy John's (b. 1965)
 * 2007  – Lim Goh Tong, Malaysian-Chinese businessman (b. 1918)
 * 2008 – Kevin Finnegan, English boxer (b. 1948)
 * 2009 – Lou Jacobi, Canadian-American actor (b. 1913)
 * 2010 – Fran Crippen, American swimmer (b. 1984)
 * 2010  – Stanley Tanger, American businessman and philanthropist, founded the Tanger Factory Outlet Centers (b. 1923)
 * 2011 – Herbert A. Hauptman, American chemist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1917)
 * 2011  – Marco Simoncelli, Italian motorcycle racer (b. 1987)
 * 2012 – William Joel Blass, American lawyer and politician (b. 1917)
 * 2012  – Wilhelm Brasse, Polish photographer (b. 1917)
 * 2012  – Roland de la Poype, French soldier and pilot (b. 1920)
 * 2012  – Sunil Gangopadhyay, Indian author and poet (b. 1934)
 * 2012  – Michael Marra, Scottish singer-songwriter (b. 1952)
 * 2013 – Wes Bialosuknia, American basketball player (b. 1945)
 * 2013  – Anthony Caro, English sculptor and academic (b. 1924)
 * 2013  – Niall Donohue, Irish hurler (b. 1990)
 * 2013  – Gypie Mayo, English guitarist and songwriter (Dr. Feelgood and The Yardbirds) (b. 1951)
 * 2013  – Bill Mazer, Ukrainian-American journalist and sportscaster (b. 1920)
 * 2014 – Ghulam Azam, Bangladeshi politician (b. 1922)
 * 2014  – John Bramlett, American football player (b. 1941)
 * 2014  – Bernard Mayes, English-American journalist and academic (b. 1929)
 * 2014  – Joan Quigley, American astrologer and author (b. 1927)
 * 2014  – Tullio Regge, Italian physicist and academic (b. 1931)
 * 2014  – Alvin Stardust, English singer and actor (b. 1942)
 * 2015 – Leon Bibb, American-Canadian singer (b. 1922)
 * 2015  – Roger De Clerck, Belgian businessman (b. 1924)
 * 2015  – Jim Roberts, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach (b. 1940)
 * 2015  – Fred Sands, American businessman and philanthropist, co-founded the Museum of Contemporary Art (b. 1938)
 * 2016 – Jack Chick, American cartoonist and publisher (b. 1924)
 * 2016  – Wim van der Voort, Dutch speed skater (b. 1923)
 * 2016  – Pete Burns, English singer-songwriter (b. 1959)
 * 2017 – Walter Lassally, German cinematographer (b. 1926)
 * 2018 – Todd Reid, Australian tennis player (b. 1984)
 * 2022 – Adriano Moreira, Portuguese politician, Minister of the Overseas Provinces, President of the CDS – People's Party (b. 1922)
 * 2023 – Aira Samulin, Finnish entrepreneur and dance teacher (b. 1927)
 * 2023  – Bishan Singh Bedi, Indian cricketer (b. 1946)

Holidays and observances

 * Christian feast day:
 * Feast of the Most Holy Redeemer
 * James the Just (i.e. James, brother of Jesus) (Lutheran, Episcopal Church (USA), Eastern Orthodox)
 * Allucio of Campugliano
 * Amon of Toul (Diocese of Toul)
 * Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius
 * Ignatios of Constantinople
 * John of Capistrano
 * Joséphine Leroux
 * Peter Pascual
 * Romain (Romanus) of Rouen
 * Servandus and Cermanus
 * Severin of Cologne
 * October 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
 * Christmas or the Feast of Señor Noemi (the Child Jesus) in the Apostolic Catholic Church
 * Aviator's Day (Brazil)
 * Chulalongkorn Day (Thailand)
 * Day of the Macedonian Revolutionary Struggle (Republic of North Macedonia)
 * Liberation Day (Libya)
 * Mole Day (International observance)
 * National Day (Hungary)
 * Paris Peace Agreement Day (Cambodia)