List of mammals of Mongolia

This is a list of the naturally occurring mammal species recorded in Mongolia. There are 121 mammal species in Mongolia, of which two are critically endangered, four are endangered, nine are vulnerable, and six are near threatened.

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
 * Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
 * Subfamily: Antilopinae
 * Genus: Gazella
 * Goitered gazelle, G. subgutturosa
 * Genus: Procapra
 * Mongolian gazelle, P. gutturosa
 * Genus: Saiga
 * Saiga antelope, S. tatarica
 * Subfamily: Caprinae
 * Genus: Capra
 * Siberian ibex, C. sibrica
 * Genus: Ovis
 * Argali, O. ammon
 * Family: Camelidae (camels, llamas)
 * Genus: Camelus
 * Wild Bactrian camel, C. ferus
 * Family: Moschidae
 * Genus: Moschus
 * Siberian musk deer, M. moschiferus
 * Family: Cervidae (deer)
 * Subfamily: Cervinae
 * Genus: Cervus
 * Wapiti, C. canadensis
 * Manchurian wapiti, C. c. xanthopygus
 * Subfamily: Capreolinae
 * Genus: Alces
 * Moose, A. alces
 * Genus: Capreolus
 * Siberian roe deer, C. pygargus
 * Genus: Rangifer
 * Reindeer, R. tarandus
 * Family: Suidae
 * Genus: Sus
 * Wild boar, S. scrofa

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
 * Suborder: Feliformia
 * Family: Felidae (cats)
 * Subfamily: Felinae
 * Genus: Felis
 * African wildcat, F. lybica
 * Asiatic wildcat, F. l. ornata
 * Genus: Lynx
 * Eurasian lynx, L. lynx
 * Turkestan lynx, L. l. isabellinus
 * Genus: Otocolobus
 * Pallas's cat, O. manul
 * Subfamily: Pantherinae
 * Genus: Panthera
 * Snow leopard, P. uncia
 * Suborder: Caniformia
 * Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
 * Genus: Canis
 * Gray wolf, C. lupus
 * Mongolian wolf, C. l. chanco
 * Genus: Nyctereutes
 * Raccoon dog, N. procyonoides
 * Genus: Vulpes
 * Corsac fox, V. corsac
 * Red fox, V. vulpes
 * Family: Ursidae (bears)
 * Genus: Ursus
 * Brown bear, U. arctos
 * Gobi bear, U. a. gobiensis
 * Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
 * Genus: Arctonyx
 * Northern hog badger, A. albogularis
 * Genus: Gulo
 * Wolverine, G. gulo
 * Genus: Lutra
 * Eurasian otter, L. lutra
 * Genus: Martes
 * Beech marten, M. foina
 * Sable, M. zibellina
 * Genus: Meles
 * Asian badger, M. leucurus
 * Genus: Mustela
 * Mountain weasel, M. altaica
 * Stoat, M. erminea
 * Steppe polecat, M. eversmannii
 * Least weasel, M. nivalis
 * Siberian weasel, M. sibirica
 * Genus: Vormela
 * Marbled polecat, V. peregusna

Order: Chiroptera (bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
 * Family: Vespertilionidae
 * Subfamily: Myotinae
 * Genus: Myotis
 * Lesser mouse-eared bat, M. blythii
 * Brandt's bat, M. brandti
 * Daubenton's bat, M. daubentonii
 * Ikonnikov's bat, M. ikonnikovi
 * Whiskered bat, M. mystacinus
 * Natterer's bat, M. nattereri
 * Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
 * Genus: Eptesicus
 * Botta's serotine, Eptesicus bottae LC
 * Gobi big brown bat, Eptesicus gobiensis
 * Northern bat, Eptesicus nilssoni
 * Serotine bat, Eptesicus serotinus
 * Genus: Hypsugo
 * Savi's pipistrelle, H. savii
 * Genus: Plecotus
 * Brown long-eared bat, Plecotus auritus
 * Grey long-eared bat, Plecotus austriacus
 * Genus: Vespertilio
 * Parti-coloured bat, Vespertilio murinus
 * Subfamily: Murininae
 * Genus: Murina
 * Greater tube-nosed bat, Murina leucogaster

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)
The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines, while gymnures (who are not found in Mongolia) look more like large rats.
 * Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
 * Subfamily: Erinaceinae
 * Genus: Hemiechinus
 * Long-eared hedgehog, H. auritus
 * Genus: Mesechinus
 * Daurian hedgehog, M. dauuricus

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
 * Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
 * Genus: Lepus
 * Desert hare, L. tibetanus
 * Mountain hare, L. timidus
 * Tolai hare, L. tolai
 * Family: Ochotonidae (pikas)
 * Genus: Ochotona
 * Alpine pika, Ochotona alpina
 * Daurian pika, Ochotona dauurica
 * Hoffmann's pika, Ochotona hoffmanni VU
 * Northern pika, Ochotona hyperborea
 * Pallas's pika, Ochotona pallasi

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)
The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.
 * Family: Equidae (horses etc.)
 * Genus: Equus
 * Wild horse, E. ferus reintroduced
 * Przewalski's horse, E. f. przewalskii reintroduced
 * Onager, E. hemionus
 * Mongolian wild ass, E. h. hemionus

Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg.
 * Suborder: Sciurognathi
 * Family: Castoridae (beavers)
 * Genus: Castor
 * Eurasian beaver, C. fiber
 * Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
 * Subfamily: Sciurinae
 * Tribe: Sciurini
 * Genus: Sciurus
 * Red squirrel, S. vulgaris
 * Tribe: Pteromyini
 * Genus: Pteromys
 * Siberian flying squirrel, Pteromys volans
 * Subfamily: Xerinae
 * Tribe: Marmotini
 * Genus: Marmota
 * Gray marmot, Marmota baibacina
 * Tarbagan marmot, Marmota sibirica
 * Genus: Spermophilus
 * Alashan ground squirrel, Spermophilus alashanicus
 * Daurian ground squirrel, Spermophilus dauricus
 * Red-cheeked ground squirrel, Spermophilus erythrogenys
 * Long-tailed ground squirrel, Spermophilus undulatus
 * Genus: Eutamias
 * Siberian chipmunk, Eutamias sibiricus
 * Family: Gliridae (dormice)
 * Subfamily: Leithiinae
 * Genus: Dryomys
 * Forest dormouse, Dryomys nitedula
 * Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
 * Subfamily: Allactaginae
 * Genus: Allactaga
 * Balikun jerboa, Allactaga balikunica
 * Gobi jerboa, Allactaga bullata
 * Mongolian five-toed jerboa, Allactaga sibirica
 * Genus: Pygeretmus
 * Dwarf fat-tailed jerboa, Pygeretmus pumilio
 * Subfamily: Cardiocraniinae
 * Genus: Cardiocranius
 * Five-toed pygmy jerboa, Cardiocranius paradoxus VU
 * Genus: Salpingotus
 * Thick-tailed pygmy jerboa, Salpingotus crassicauda VU
 * Kozlov's pygmy jerboa, Salpingotus kozlovi
 * Subfamily: Dipodinae
 * Genus: Dipus
 * Northern three-toed jerboa, Dipus sagitta
 * Genus: Stylodipus
 * Andrews's three-toed jerboa, Stylodipus andrewsi
 * Mongolian three-toed jerboa, Stylodipus sungorus
 * Subfamily: Euchoreutinae
 * Genus: Euchoreutes
 * Long-eared jerboa, Euchoreutes naso EN
 * Subfamily: Sicistinae
 * Genus: Sicista
 * Northern birch mouse, Sicista betulina LR/nt
 * Family: Spalacidae
 * Subfamily: Myospalacinae
 * Genus: Myospalax
 * Transbaikal zokor, Myospalax psilurus LR/lc
 * Family: Cricetidae
 * Subfamily: Cricetinae
 * Genus: Allocricetulus
 * Mongolian hamster, Allocricetulus curtatus LR/lc
 * Genus: Cricetulus
 * Chinese striped hamster, Cricetulus barabensis LR/lc
 * Long-tailed dwarf hamster, Cricetulus longicaudatus LR/lc
 * Grey dwarf hamster, Cricetulus migratorius LR/nt
 * Sokolov's dwarf hamster, Cricetulus sokolovi LR/lc
 * Genus: Phodopus
 * Campbell's dwarf hamster, Phodopus campbelli LR/lc
 * Roborovski hamster, Phodopus roborovskii LR/lc
 * Subfamily: Arvicolinae
 * Genus: Alticola
 * Gobi Altai mountain vole, Alticola barakshin LR/lc
 * Large-eared vole, Alticola macrotis LR/lc
 * Mongolian silver vole, Alticola semicanus LR/lc
 * Flat-headed vole, Alticola strelzowi LR/lc
 * Tuva silver vole, Alticola tuvinicus LR/lc
 * Genus: Arvicola
 * Water vole, Arvicola terrestris LR/lc
 * Genus: Ellobius
 * Zaisan mole vole, Ellobius tancrei LR/lc
 * Genus: Eolagurus
 * Yellow steppe lemming, Eolagurus luteus LR/cd
 * Przewalski's steppe lemming, Eolagurus przewalskii LR/lc
 * Genus: Lagurus
 * Steppe lemming, Lagurus lagurus LR/lc
 * Genus: Lasiopodomys
 * Brandt's vole, Lasiopodomys brandtii LR/lc
 * Genus: Microtus
 * Field vole, Microtus agrestis LR/lc
 * Common vole, Microtus arvalis LR/lc
 * Narrow-headed vole, Microtus gregalis LR/lc
 * Lacustrine vole, Microtus limnophilus LR/lc
 * Maximowicz's vole, Microtus maximowiczii LR/lc
 * Mongolian vole, Microtus mongolicus LR/lc
 * Tundra vole, Microtus oeconomus LC
 * Genus: Clethrionomys
 * Bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus LR/lc
 * Northern red-backed vole, Clethrionomys rutilus LR/lc
 * Genus: Craseomys
 * Grey red-backed vole, Craseomys rufocanus LR/lc
 * Genus: Myopus
 * Wood lemming, Myopus schisticolor NT
 * Genus: Ondatra
 * Muskrat, Ondatra zibethicus LR/lc introduced
 * Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
 * Subfamily: Gerbillinae
 * Genus: Meriones
 * Midday jird, Meriones meridianus LR/lc
 * Mongolian gerbil, Meriones unguiculatus LR/lc
 * Genus: Rhombomys
 * Great gerbil, Rhombomys opimus LR/lc
 * Subfamily: Murinae
 * Genus: Apodemus
 * Korean field mouse, Apodemus peninsulae LR/lc
 * Ural field mouse, Apodemus uralensis LR/lc
 * Genus: Micromys
 * Harvest mouse, Micromys minutus LR/nt
 * Genus: Rattus
 * Brown rat, R. norvegicus introduced

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
 * Family: Soricidae (shrews)
 * Subfamily: Crocidurinae
 * Genus: Crocidura
 * Siberian shrew, Crocidura sibirica LR/lc
 * Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens
 * Subfamily: Soricinae
 * Tribe: Nectogalini
 * Genus: Neomys
 * Eurasian water shrew, Neomys fodiens LR/lc
 * Tribe: Soricini
 * Genus: Sorex
 * Laxmann's shrew, Sorex caecutiens LR/lc
 * Siberian large-toothed shrew, Sorex daphaenodon LR/lc
 * Eurasian least shrew, Sorex minutissimus LR/lc
 * Flat-skulled shrew, Sorex roboratus LR/lc
 * Tundra shrew, Sorex tundrensis LR/lc
 * Family: Talpidae (moles)
 * Subfamily: Talpinae
 * Tribe: Talpini
 * Genus: Talpa
 * Altai mole, Talpa altaica LR/lc

Locally extinct
The following species are locally extinct in the country:
 * Dhole, Cuon alpinus
 * Tiger, Panthera tigris