List of mammals of Pakistan



This list of the mammals of Pakistan shows the conservation status of the 173 mammal species occurring in Pakistan, of which 12 are critically endangered, 11 are endangered, 14 are vulnerable, and 10 are near threatened. The largest mammal in Pakistan is the Himalayan brown bear. The markhor is the national animal of Pakistan. The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed on the IUCN Red List:

Order: Primates
The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, monkeys, and apes.
 * Suborder: Haplorhini
 * Infraorder: Simiiformes
 * Parvorder: Catarrhini
 * Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea
 * Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys)
 * Genus: Macaca
 * Rhesus macaque, M. mulatta
 * Genus: Semnopithecus
 * Kashmir gray langur, S. ajax
 * Nepal gray langur, S. schistaceus

Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg.
 * Suborder: Hystricognathi
 * Family: Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)
 * Genus: Hystrix
 * Indian crested porcupine, H. indica
 * Suborder: Sciurognathi
 * Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
 * Subfamily: Sciurinae
 * Tribe: Pteromyini
 * Genus: Eoglaucomys
 * Kashmir flying squirrel, E. fimbriatus
 * Genus: Eupetaurus
 * Woolly flying squirrel, E. cinereus
 * Genus: Petaurista
 * Red giant flying squirrel, P. petaurista
 * Subfamily: Callosciurinae
 * Genus: Funambulus
 * Northern palm squirrel, F. pennantii
 * Subfamily: Xerinae
 * Tribe: Marmotini
 * Genus: Marmota
 * Long-tailed marmot, Marmota caudata LC
 * Himalayan marmot, Marmota himalayana LC
 * Family: Gliridae (dormice)
 * Subfamily: Leithiinae
 * Genus: Dryomys
 * Balochistan forest dormouse, Dryomys niethammeri VU
 * Forest dormouse, Dryomys nitedula LC
 * Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
 * Subfamily: Allactaginae
 * Genus: Allactaga
 * Small five-toed jerboa, Allactaga elater LC
 * Hotson's jerboa, Allactaga hotsoni LC
 * Subfamily: Cardiocraniinae
 * Genus: Salpingotus
 * Baluchistan pygmy jerboa, Salpingotus michaelis LC
 * Subfamily: Dipodinae
 * Genus: Jaculus
 * Blanford's jerboa, Jaculus blanfordi LC
 * Subfamily: Sicistinae
 * Genus: Sicista
 * Chinese birch mouse, Sicista concolor LC
 * Family: Calomyscidae
 * Genus: Calomyscus
 * Baluchi mouse-like hamster, Calomyscus baluchi LC
 * Hotson's mouse-like hamster, Calomyscus hotsoni EN
 * Family: Cricetidae
 * Subfamily: Cricetinae
 * Genus: Cricetulus
 * Grey dwarf hamster, Cricetulus migratorius LC
 * Subfamily: Arvicolinae
 * Genus: Alticola
 * White-tailed mountain vole, Alticola albicauda LC
 * Silver mountain vole, Alticola argentatus LC
 * Genus: Ellobius
 * Southern mole vole, Ellobius fuscocapillus LC
 * Genus: Hyperacrius
 * True's vole, Hyperacrius fertilis LC
 * Murree vole, Hyperacrius wynnei LC
 * Genus: Microtus
 * Juniper vole, Microtus juldaschi LC
 * Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters)
 * Subfamily: Deomyinae
 * Genus: Acomys
 * Arabian spiny mouse, Acomys dimidiatus LC
 * Subfamily: Gerbillinae
 * Genus: Gerbillus
 * Swarthy gerbil, Gerbillus aquilus LC
 * Indian hairy-footed gerbil, Gerbillus gleadowi
 * Balochistan gerbil, Gerbillus nanus LC
 * Genus: Meriones
 * Indian desert jird, Meriones hurrianae LC
 * Persian jird, Meriones persicus LC
 * Libyan jird, Meriones libycus LC
 * Sundevall's jird, Meriones crassus LC
 * Genus: Rhombomys
 * Great gerbil, Rhombomys opimus LC
 * Genus: Tatera
 * Indian gerbil, Tatera indica LC
 * Subfamily: Murinae
 * Genus: Apodemus
 * Kashmir field mouse, Apodemus rusiges LC
 * Ward's field mouse, Apodemus wardi LC
 * Genus: Bandicota
 * Lesser bandicoot rat, Bandicota bengalensis LC
 * Genus: Golunda
 * Indian bush rat, Golunda ellioti LC
 * Genus: Millardia
 * Sand-colored soft-furred rat, Millardia gleadowi LC
 * Soft-furred rat, Millardia meltada LC
 * Genus: Mus
 * Rock-loving mouse, M. saxicola LC
 * Earth-colored mouse, M. terricolor
 * House mouse, M. musculus
 * Rock-loving mouse, M. saxicola LC
 * Genus: Nesokia
 * Short-tailed bandicoot rat, N. indica LC
 * Genus: Niviventer
 * Chestnut white-bellied rat, N. fulvescens LC
 * Genus: Rattus
 * Turkestan rat, R. pyctorius
 * Black rat, R. rattus
 * Brown rat, R. norvegicus introduced

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.


 * Family: Ochotonidae (pikas)
 * Genus: Ochotona
 * Ladak pika, O. ladacensis
 * Large-eared pika, O. macrotis
 * Royle's pika, O. roylei
 * Afghan pika, O. rufescens
 * Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
 * Genus: Lepus
 * Cape hare, L. capensis
 * Indian hare, L. nigricollis
 * Desert hare, L. tibetanus

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)
The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.


 * Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
 * Subfamily: Erinaceinae
 * Genus: Hemiechinus
 * Long-eared hedgehog, H. auritus
 * Indian long-eared hedgehog, H. collaris
 * Genus: Paraechinus
 * Brandt's hedgehog, P. hypomelas
 * Indian hedgehog, P. micropus

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
 * Family: Soricidae (shrews)
 * Subfamily: Crocidurinae
 * Genus: Crocidura
 * Gmelin's white-toothed shrew, Crocidura gmelini LC
 * Pale gray shrew, Crocidura pergrisea DD
 * Asian gray shrew, Crocidura suaveolens
 * Zarudny's shrew, Crocidura zarudnyi LC
 * Genus: Suncus
 * Etruscan shrew, Suncus etruscus LC
 * Asian house shrew, S. murinus
 * Anderson's shrew, Suncus stoliczkanus LC
 * Subfamily: Soricinae
 * Tribe: Soricini
 * Genus: Sorex
 * Kashmir shrew, Sorex planiceps LC

Order: Chiroptera (bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
 * Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
 * Subfamily: Pteropodinae
 * Genus: Pteropus
 * Indian flying fox, P. giganteus
 * Genus: Rousettus
 * Egyptian fruit bat, Rousettus aegyptiacus LC
 * Leschenault's rousette, Rousettus leschenaultii LC
 * Family: Vespertilionidae
 * Subfamily: Myotinae
 * Genus: Myotis
 * Lesser mouse-eared bat, M. blythii
 * Whiskered myotis, Myotis muricola LC
 * Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus
 * Kashmir cave bat, Myotis longipes DD
 * Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
 * Genus: Barbastella
 * Eastern barbastelle, Barbastella leucomelas LC
 * Genus: Eptesicus
 * Botta's serotine, Eptesicus bottae LC
 * Gobi big brown bat, Eptesicus gobiensis LC
 * Serotine bat, Eptesicus serotinus LC
 * Genus: Nyctalus
 * Common noctule, N. noctula
 * Lesser noctule, N. leisleri
 * Mountain noctule, Nyctalus montanus LC
 * Genus: Otonycteris
 * Desert long-eared bat, Otonycteris hemprichii LC
 * Genus: Pipistrellus
 * Savi's pipistrelle, H. savii
 * Kelaart's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus ceylonicus LC
 * Indian pipistrelle, Pipistrellus coromandra LC
 * Java pipistrelle, Pipistrellus javanicus LC
 * Kuhl's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus kuhlii LC
 * Common pipistrelle, Pipistrellus pipistrellus LC
 * Least pipistrelle, Pipistrellus tenuis LC
 * Genus: Rhyneptesicus
 * Sind bat, R. nasutus
 * Genus: Scotoecus
 * Desert yellow bat, Scotoecus pallidus NT
 * Genus: Scotophilus
 * Greater Asiatic yellow bat, Scotophilus heathi LC
 * Lesser Asiatic yellow bat, Scotophilus kuhlii LC
 * Genus: Scotozous
 * Dormer's pipistrelle, Scotozous dormeri LC
 * Subfamily: Murininae
 * Genus: Murina
 * Hutton's tube-nosed bat, Murina huttoni LC
 * Scully's tube-nosed bat, Murina tubinaris LC
 * Family: Rhinopomatidae
 * Genus: Rhinopoma
 * Lesser mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma hardwickei LC
 * Greater mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma microphyllum LC
 * Small mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma muscatellum LC
 * Family: Emballonuridae
 * Genus: Taphozous
 * Naked-rumped tomb bat, Taphozous nudiventris LC
 * Egyptian tomb bat, Taphozous perforatus LC
 * Family: Megadermatidae
 * Genus: Megaderma
 * Greater false vampire bat, Megaderma lyra LC
 * Family: Rhinolophidae
 * Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
 * Genus: Rhinolophus
 * Blasius's horseshoe bat, R. blasii
 * Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum
 * Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros
 * Blyth's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus lepidus LC
 * Big-eared horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus macrotis LC
 * Subfamily: Hipposiderinae
 * Genus: Asellia
 * Trident leaf-nosed bat, Asellia tridens LC
 * Genus: Hipposideros
 * Ashy roundleaf bat, Hipposideros cineraceus LC
 * Fulvus roundleaf bat, Hipposideros fulvus LC
 * Genus: Triaenops
 * Rufous trident bat, Triaenops persicus LC
 * Family: Molossidae
 * Genus: Tadarida
 * European free-tailed bat, T. teniotis

Order: Pholidota (pangolins)
The order Pholidota comprises the eight species of pangolin. Pangolins are anteaters and have the powerful claws, elongated snout and long tongue seen in the other unrelated anteater species.


 * Family: Manidae
 * Genus: Manis
 * Indian pangolin, M. crassicaudata

Order: Cetacea (whales)
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.
 * Suborder: Mysticeti
 * Family: Balaenopteridae
 * Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
 * Genus: Balaenoptera
 * Bryde's whale, Balaenoptera edeni DD
 * Pygmy blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus brevicauda EN
 * Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus EN
 * Subfamily: Megapterinae
 * Genus: Megaptera
 * Humpback whale, M. novaeangliae
 * Suborder: Odontoceti
 * Superfamily: Platanistoidea
 * Family: Platanistidae
 * Genus: Platanista
 * Indus river dolphin, P. minor
 * Family: Phocoenidae
 * Genus: Neophocaena
 * Finless porpoise, Neophocaena phocaenoides DD
 * Family: Kogiidae
 * Genus: Kogia
 * Pygmy sperm whale, K. breviceps
 * Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia sima LC
 * Family: Physeteridae
 * Genus: Physeter
 * Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus VU
 * Family: Ziphidae
 * Subfamily: Hyperoodontinae
 * Genus: Mesoplodon
 * Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris DD
 * Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale, Mesoplodon ginkgodens DD
 * Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
 * Genus: Steno
 * Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis DD
 * Genus: Sousa
 * Indo-Pacific humback dolphin, Sousa chinensis
 * Genus: Tursiops
 * Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops aduncus
 * Common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus
 * Genus: Stenella
 * Spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris LC
 * Genus: Delphinus
 * Common dolphin, Delphinus capensis LC
 * Genus: Lagenodelphis
 * Fraser's dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei DD
 * Genus: Grampus
 * Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus DD
 * Genus: Peponocephala
 * Melon-headed whale, Peponocephala electra LC
 * Genus: Feresa
 * Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata DD
 * Genus: Orcinus
 * Orca, O. orca

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
 * Suborder: Feliformia
 * Family: Felidae (cats)
 * Subfamily: Felinae
 * Genus: Caracal
 * Caracal, C. caracal
 * Genus: Felis
 * Jungle cat, F. chaus
 * African wildcat, F. lybica
 * Asiatic wildcat, F. l. ornata
 * Sand cat, F. margarita possibly extirpated
 * Turkestan sand cat, F. m. thinobia possibly extirpated
 * Genus: Lynx
 * Eurasian lynx, L. lynx
 * Genus: Otocolobus
 * Pallas's cat, O. manul
 * Genus: Prionailurus
 * Leopard cat, P. bengalensis
 * Fishing cat, P. viverrinus
 * Subfamily: Pantherinae
 * Genus: Panthera
 * Leopard P. pardus
 * Indian leopard, P. p. fusca
 * Persian leopard, P. p. tulliana
 * Snow leopard, P. uncia
 * Family: Viverridae
 * Subfamily: Paradoxurinae
 * Genus: Paguma
 * Masked palm civet, P. larvata
 * Subfamily: Viverrinae
 * Genus: Viverricula
 * Small Indian civet, V. indica
 * Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
 * Genus: Urva
 * Indian grey mongoose, U. edwardsii
 * Small Indian mongoose, U. auropunctatus
 * Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
 * Genus: Hyaena
 * Striped hyena, H. hyaena
 * Suborder: Caniformia
 * Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
 * Genus: Canis
 * Golden jackal, C. aureus
 * Persian jackal, C. a. aureus
 * Gray wolf, C. lupus
 * Eurasian wolf, C. l. lupus
 * Indian wolf, C. l. pallipes
 * Genus: Cuon
 * Dhole, C. alpinus presence uncertain
 * Genus: Vulpes
 * Bengal fox, V. bengalensis
 * Blanford's fox, V. cana
 * Rüppell's fox, V. rueppellii
 * Red fox, V. vulpes
 * Family: Ursidae (bears)
 * Genus: Ursus
 * Brown bear, U. arctos
 * Himalayan brown bear, U. a. isabellinus
 * Asiatic black bear, U. thibetanus
 * Balochistan black bear, U. t. gedrosianus
 * Himalayan black bear, U. t. laniger
 * Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
 * Genus: Lutra
 * European otter, L. lutra
 * Genus: Lutrogale
 * Smooth-coated otter, L. perspicillata
 * Genus: Martes
 * Yellow-throated marten, M. flavigula
 * Beech marten, M. foina
 * Genus: Mellivora
 * Honey badger, M. capensis
 * Genus: Mustela
 * Mountain weasel, M. altaica
 * Stoat, M. erminea
 * Genus: Vormela
 * Marbled polecat, V. peregusna

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
 * Family: Moschidae
 * Genus: Moschus
 * Kashmir musk deer, M. cupreus
 * Family: Cervidae (deer)
 * Subfamily: Cervinae
 * Genus: Axis
 * Chital, A. axis introduced
 * Indian hog deer, A. porcinus
 * Genus: Muntiacus
 * Indian muntjac, M. muntjak
 * Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
 * Subfamily: Antilopinae
 * Genus: Gazella
 * Chinkara, G. bennettii
 * Goitered gazelle, G. subgutturosa
 * Subfamily: Bovinae
 * Genus: Boselaphus
 * Nilgai, B. tragocamelus
 * Subfamily: Caprinae
 * Genus: Capra
 * Wild goat, C. aegagrus
 * Sindh ibex, C. a. blythi
 * Chiltan ibex, C. a. chialtanensis
 * Markhor, C. falconeri
 * Siberian ibex, C. sibrica
 * Genus: Nemorhaedus
 * Himalayan goral, N. goral
 * Genus: Ovis
 * Argali, O. ammon
 * Urial, O. vignei
 * Genus: Pseudois
 * Bharal, P. nayaur
 * Family: Suidae (pigs)
 * Subfamily: Suinae
 * Genus: Sus
 * Wild boar, S. scrofa

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

 * Family: Equidae
 * Genus: Equus
 * Onager, E. hemionus presence uncertain
 * Kiang, E. kiang

Locally extinct
The following species are locally extinct in the country:
 * Cheetah, Acinonyx jubatus
 * Blackbuck, Antilope cervicapra (extinct in wild)
 * Central Asian red deer, Cervus hanglu (possibly locally extinct)
 * Asian elephant, Elephas maximus
 * Indian wild ass Equus hemionus khur
 * Lion, Panthera leo
 * Tiger, Panthera tigris
 * Indian rhinoceros, Rhinoceros unicornis
 * Barasingha, Rucervus duvaucelii