List of mammals of Russia

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Russia. There are 266 mammal species in Russia, of which five are critically endangered, thirteen are endangered, twenty-six are vulnerable, and six are near threatened. One of the species listed for Russia is extinct and one can no longer be found in the wild. All the mammals of Russia are in the subclass Theria and infraclass Eutheria, being all placental.

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg.
 * Suborder: Sciurognathi
 * Family: Castoridae (beavers)
 * Genus: Castor
 * North American beaver, C. canadensis introduced
 * Eurasian beaver, C. fiber
 * Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
 * Subfamily: Sciurinae
 * Tribe: Sciurini
 * Genus: Sciurus
 * Red squirrel, S. vulgaris
 * Tribe: Pteromyini
 * Genus: Pteromys
 * Siberian flying squirrel, P. volans
 * Subfamily: Xerinae
 * Tribe: Marmotini
 * Genus: Marmota
 * Gray marmot, M. baibacina
 * Bobak marmot, Marmota bobak
 * Black-capped marmot, Marmota camtschatica
 * Forest-steppe marmot, Marmota kastschenkoi
 * Tarbagan marmot, Marmota sibirica
 * Genus: Spermophilus
 * Daurian ground squirrel, Spermophilus dauricus
 * Red-cheeked ground squirrel, Spermophilus erythrogenys
 * Russet ground squirrel, Spermophilus major
 * Little ground squirrel, Spermophilus pygmaeus
 * Speckled ground squirrel, Spermophilus suslicus
 * Long-tailed ground squirrel, Spermophilus undulatus
 * Genus: Eutamias
 * Siberian chipmunk, E. sibiricus
 * Family: Gliridae (dormice)
 * Subfamily: Leithiinae
 * Genus: Dryomys
 * Forest dormouse, Dryomys nitedula
 * Genus: Muscardinus
 * Hazel dormouse, Muscardinus avellanarius
 * Subfamily: Glirinae
 * Genus: Glis
 * European edible dormouse, Glis glis
 * Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
 * Subfamily: Allactaginae
 * Genus: Allactaga
 * Small five-toed jerboa, Allactaga elater
 * Great jerboa, Allactaga major
 * Genus: Pygeretmus
 * Dwarf fat-tailed jerboa, Pygeretmus pumilio
 * Subfamily: Cardiocraniinae
 * Genus: Salpingotus
 * Heptner's pygmy jerboa, Salpingotus heptneri
 * Subfamily: Dipodinae
 * Genus: Dipus
 * Northern three-toed jerboa, Dipus sagitta
 * Genus: Stylodipus
 * Thick-tailed three-toed jerboa, Stylodipus telum
 * Subfamily: Sicistinae
 * Genus: Sicista
 * Northern birch mouse, Sicista betulina
 * Caucasian birch mouse, Sicista caucasica
 * Long-tailed birch mouse, Sicista caudata
 * Kazbeg birch mouse, Sicista kazbegica
 * Kluchor birch mouse, Sicista kluchorica
 * Altai birch mouse, Sicista napaea
 * Severtzov's birch mouse, Sicista severtzovi
 * Strand's birch mouse, Sicista strandi
 * Southern birch mouse, Sicista subtilis
 * Family: Spalacidae
 * Subfamily: Myospalacinae
 * Genus: Myospalax
 * False zokor, Myospalax aspalax
 * Siberian zokor, Myospalax myospalax
 * Transbaikal zokor, Myospalax psilurus
 * Subfamily: Spalacinae
 * Genus: Spalax
 * Russian mole rat, Spalax giganteus
 * Greater mole rat, Spalax microphthalmus
 * Family: Cricetidae
 * Subfamily: Cricetinae
 * Genus: Cricetus
 * European hamster, C. cricetus
 * Genus: Cricetulus
 * Chinese striped hamster, Cricetulus barabensis
 * Long-tailed dwarf hamster, Cricetulus longicaudatus
 * Grey dwarf hamster, Cricetulus migratorius
 * Genus: Mesocricetus
 * Ciscaucasian hamster, Mesocricetus raddei
 * Genus: Phodopus
 * Campbell's dwarf hamster, Phodopus campbelli
 * Roborovski hamster, Phodopus roborovskii
 * Winter white Russian dwarf hamster, Phodopus sungorus
 * Genus: Tscherskia
 * Greater long-tailed hamster, Tscherskia triton
 * Subfamily: Arvicolinae
 * Genus: Alticola
 * Gobi Altai mountain vole, Alticola barakshin
 * Lemming vole, Alticola lemminus
 * Large-eared vole, Alticola macrotis
 * Flat-headed vole, Alticola strelzowi
 * Tuva silver vole, Alticola tuvinicus
 * Genus: Arvicola
 * European water vole, A. amphibius
 * Genus: Chionomys
 * Caucasian snow vole, Chionomys gud
 * Robert's snow vole, Chionomys roberti
 * Genus: Clethrionomys
 * Bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus
 * Grey red-backed vole, Clethrionomys rufocanus
 * Northern red-backed vole, Clethrionomys rutilus
 * Shikotan vole, Clethrionomys sikotanensis
 * Genus: Dicrostonyx
 * Arctic lemming, Dicrostonyx torquatus
 * Wrangel lemming, Dicrostonyx vinogradovi
 * Genus: Lagurus
 * Steppe lemming, Lagurus lagurus
 * Genus: Lasiopodomys
 * Brandt's vole, Lasiopodomys brandtii
 * Genus: Lemmus
 * Amur lemming, Lemmus amurensis
 * Norway lemming, Lemmus lemmus
 * Brown lemming, Lemmus sibiricus
 * Genus: Microtus
 * Field vole, Microtus agrestis
 * Common vole, Microtus arvalis
 * Daghestan pine vole, Microtus daghestanicus
 * Evorsk vole, Microtus evoronensis
 * Reed vole, Microtus fortis
 * Narrow-headed vole, Microtus gregalis
 * North Siberian vole, Microtus hyperboreus
 * Maximowicz's vole, Microtus maximowiczii
 * Middendorf's vole, Microtus middendorffi
 * Mongolian vole, Microtus mongolicus
 * Muisk vole, Microtus mujanensis
 * Nasarov's vole, Microtus nasarovi
 * Altai vole, Microtus obscurus
 * Tundra vole, Microtus oeconomus
 * Southern vole, Microtus rossiaemeridionalis
 * Sakhalin vole, Microtus sachalinensis
 * European pine vole, Microtus subterraneus
 * Genus: Myopus
 * Wood lemming, Myopus schisticolor
 * Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
 * Subfamily: Gerbillinae
 * Genus: Meriones
 * Mid-day jird, Meriones meridianus
 * Tamarisk jird, Meriones tamariscinus
 * Mongolian jird, Meriones unguiculatus
 * Subfamily: Murinae
 * Genus: Apodemus
 * Striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius
 * Yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis
 * Yellow-breasted field mouse, Apodemus fulvipectus
 * Korean field mouse, Apodemus peninsulae
 * Black Sea field mouse, Apodemus ponticus
 * Wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus
 * Ural field mouse, Apodemus uralensis
 * Genus: Micromys
 * Eurasian harvest mouse, Micromys minutus
 * Genus: Rattus
 * Brown rat, R. norvegicus introduced
 * Black rat, R. rattus

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
 * Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
 * Genus: Lepus
 * European hare, L. europaeus
 * Manchurian hare, L. mandshuricus
 * Mountain hare, L. timidus
 * Tolai hare, L. tolai
 * Genus: Oryctolagus
 * European rabbit, O. cuniculus introduced
 * Family: Ochotonidae (pikas)
 * Genus: Ochotona
 * Alpine pika, O. alpina
 * Daurian pika, O. dauurica
 * Northern pika, O. hyperborea
 * Pallas's pika, O. pallasi
 * Steppe pika, O. pusilla

Order: Eulipotyphla (shrews, hedgehogs, gymnures, moles and solenodons)
Eulipotyphlans are insectivorous mammals. Shrews and solenodons resemble mice, hedgehogs carry spines, gymnures look more like large rats, while moles are stout-bodied burrowers.
 * Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
 * Subfamily: Erinaceinae
 * Genus: Erinaceus
 * Amur hedgehog, Erinaceus amurensis
 * Southern white-breasted hedgehog, Erinaceus concolor
 * West European hedgehog, Erinaceus europaeus
 * Genus: Mesechinus
 * Daurian hedgehog, Mesechinus dauuricus


 * Family: Soricidae (shrews)
 * Subfamily: Crocidurinae
 * Genus: Crocidura
 * Gueldenstaedt's shrew, Crocidura gueldenstaedtii
 * Ussuri white-toothed shrew, Crocidura lasiura
 * Bicolored shrew, Crocidura leucodon
 * Siberian shrew, Crocidura sibirica
 * Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens
 * Subfamily: Soricinae
 * Tribe: Nectogalini
 * Genus: Neomys
 * Eurasian water shrew, Neomys fodiens
 * Tribe: Soricini
 * Genus: Sorex
 * Common shrew, Sorex araneus
 * Laxmann's shrew, Sorex caecutiens
 * Kamchatka shrew, Sorex camtschatica
 * Siberian large-toothed shrew, Sorex daphaenodon
 * Slender shrew, Sorex gracillimus
 * Taiga shrew, Sorex isodon
 * Paramushir shrew, Sorex leucogaster VU
 * Eurasian least shrew, Sorex minutissimus
 * Eurasian pygmy shrew, Sorex minutus
 * Ussuri shrew, Sorex mirabilis
 * Portenko's shrew, Sorex portenkoi
 * Radde's shrew, Sorex raddei
 * Flat-skulled shrew, Sorex roboratus
 * Caucasian shrew, Sorex satunini
 * Tundra shrew, Sorex tundrensis
 * Long-clawed shrew, Sorex unguiculatus
 * Caucasian pygmy shrew, Sorex volnuchini
 * Family: Talpidae (moles)
 * Subfamily: Talpinae
 * Tribe: Desmanini
 * Genus: Desmana
 * Russian desman, Desmana moschata VU
 * Tribe: Talpini
 * Genus: Mogera
 * Large mole, Mogera robusta
 * Genus: Talpa
 * Siberian mole, Talpa altaica
 * Caucasian mole, Talpa caucasica
 * European mole, Talpa europaea
 * Levantine mole, Talpa levantis

Order: Chiroptera (bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
 * Family: Vespertilionidae
 * Subfamily: Myotinae
 * Genus: Myotis
 * Sakhalin myotis, M. abei DD
 * Bechstein's bat, M. bechsteini
 * Lesser mouse-eared bat, M. blythii
 * Far eastern myotis, M. bombinus LC
 * Brandt's bat, M. brandti
 * Long-fingered bat, M. capaccinii
 * Pond bat, M. dasycneme
 * Daubenton's bat, M. daubentonii
 * Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus
 * Fraternal myotis, Myotis frater LC
 * Ikonnikov's bat, Myotis ikonnikovi LC
 * Big-footed myotis, Myotis macrodactylus LC
 * Whiskered bat, M. mystacinus
 * Natterer's bat, M. nattereri
 * Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
 * Genus: Barbastella
 * Western barbastelle, B. barbastellus
 * Genus: Eptesicus
 * Gobi big brown bat, Eptesicus gobiensis LC
 * Northern bat, Eptesicus nilssoni LC
 * Serotine bat, Eptesicus serotinus LC
 * Genus: Nyctalus
 * Birdlike noctule, Nyctalus aviator LC
 * Greater noctule bat, N. lasiopterus
 * Lesser noctule, N. leisleri
 * Common noctule, N. noctula
 * Genus: Pipistrellus
 * Nathusius' pipistrelle, P. nathusii
 * Genus: Plecotus
 * Brown long-eared bat, P. auritus
 * Genus: Vespertilio
 * Parti-coloured bat, Vespertilio murinus LC
 * Asian parti-colored bat, Vespertilio superans LC
 * Subfamily: Murininae
 * Genus: Murina
 * Greater tube-nosed bat, Murina leucogaster LC
 * Ussuri tube-nosed bat, Murina ussuriensis EN
 * Subfamily: Miniopterinae
 * Genus: Miniopterus
 * Common bent-wing bat, M. schreibersii
 * Family: Molossidae
 * Genus: Tadarida
 * European free-tailed bat, T. teniotis
 * Family: Rhinolophidae
 * Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
 * Genus: Rhinolophus
 * Mediterranean horseshoe bat, R. euryale
 * Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum
 * Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros
 * Mehely's horseshoe bat, R. mehelyi

Order: Cetacea (whales)
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.
 * Suborder: Mysticeti
 * Family: Balaenidae
 * Genus: Balaena
 * Bowhead whale, Balaena mysticetus
 * Genus: Eubalaena
 * North Pacific right whale, Eubalaena japonica EN
 * Family: Balaenopteridae
 * Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
 * Genus: Balaenoptera
 * Minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata
 * Sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis EN
 * Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus EN
 * Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus EN
 * Subfamily: Megapterinae
 * Genus: Megaptera
 * Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae VU
 * Family: Eschrichtiidae
 * Genus: Eschrichtius
 * Gray whale, Eschrichtius robustus
 * Suborder: Odontoceti
 * Superfamily: Platanistoidea
 * Family: Physeteridae
 * Genus: Physeter
 * Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus VU
 * Family: Kogiidae
 * Genus: Kogia
 * Pygmy sperm whale, K. breviceps
 * Dwarf sperm whale, K. sima
 * Family: Monodontidae
 * Genus: Monodon
 * Narwhal, Monodon monoceros DD
 * Genus: Delphinapterus
 * Beluga, Delphinapterus leucas VU
 * Family: Phocoenidae
 * Genus: Phocoena
 * Harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena VU
 * Genus: Phocoenoides
 * Dall's porpoise, Phocoenoides dalli
 * Family: Ziphidae
 * Genus: Ziphius
 * Cuvier's beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris DD
 * Genus: Berardius
 * Giant beaked whale, Berardius bairdii
 * Subfamily: Hyperoodontinae
 * Genus: Hyperoodon
 * Bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon ampullatus
 * Genus: Mesoplodon
 * Stejneger's beaked whale, Mesoplodon stejnegeri DD
 * Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
 * Genus: Lagenorhynchus
 * White-beaked dolphin, Lagenorhynchus albirostris LC
 * Atlantic white-sided dolphin, Lagenorhynchus acutus LC
 * Pacific white-sided dolphin, Lagenorhynchus obliquidens
 * Genus: Tursiops
 * Bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus DD
 * Genus: Stenella
 * Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba
 * Genus: Delphinus
 * Short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis
 * Genus: Lissodelphis
 * Northern right whale dolphin, Lissodelphis borealis
 * Genus: Grampus
 * Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus DD
 * Genus: Pseudorca
 * False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens
 * Genus: Orcinus
 * Orca, O. orca

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
 * Suborder: Feliformia
 * Family: Felidae (cats)
 * Subfamily: Felinae
 * Genus: Felis
 * Jungle cat, F. chaus
 * European wildcat, F. silvestris
 * African wildcat, F. lybica
 * Genus: Lynx
 * Eurasian lynx, L. lynx
 * Genus Otocolobus
 * Pallas's cat, O. manul
 * Genus: Prionailurus
 * Leopard cat, P. bengalensis
 * Subfamily: Pantherinae
 * Genus: Panthera
 * Leopard, P. pardus
 * Amur leopard, P. p. orientalis
 * Panthera pardus tulliana, P. p. tulliana
 * Tiger, P. tigris
 * Siberian tiger, P. t. tigris
 * Snow leopard, P. uncia
 * Suborder: Caniformia
 * Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
 * Genus: Vulpes
 * Corsac fox, V. corsac
 * Arctic fox, V. lagopus
 * Red fox, V. vulpes
 * Genus: Nyctereutes
 * Raccoon dog, N. procyonoides
 * Genus: Canis
 * Golden jackal, C. aureus
 * Gray wolf, C. lupus
 * Tundra wolf, C. l. albus
 * Steppe wolf, C. l. campestris
 * Mongolian wolf, C. l. chanco
 * Eurasian wolf, C. l. lupus
 * Family: Ursidae (bears)
 * Genus: Ursus
 * Brown bear, U. arctos
 * Eurasian brown bear, U. a. arctos
 * Kamchatka brown bear, U. a. beringianus
 * East Siberian brown bear, U. a. arctos
 * Ussuri brown bear, U. a. lasiotus
 * Polar bear, U. maritimus
 * Asiatic black bear, U. thibetanus
 * Ussuri black bear, U. t. ussuricus
 * Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
 * Genus: Enhydra
 * Sea otter, E. lutris
 * Genus: Gulo
 * Wolverine, G. gulo
 * Genus: Lutra
 * Eurasian otter, L. lutra
 * Genus: Martes
 * Yellow-throated marten, M. flavigula
 * European pine marten, M. martes
 * Beech marten, M. foina
 * Sable, M. zibellina
 * Genus: Meles
 * Caucasian badger, M. canescens
 * European badger, M. meles
 * Asian badger, M. leucurus
 * Genus: Mustela
 * Mountain weasel, M. altaica
 * Stoat, M. erminea
 * Steppe polecat, M. eversmannii
 * Japanese weasel, M. itatsi introduced, possibly extirpated
 * European mink, M. lutreola
 * Least weasel, M. nivalis
 * European polecat, M. putorius
 * Siberian weasel, M. sibirica
 * Genus: Neogale
 * American mink, N. vison introduced
 * Genus: Vormela
 * Marbled polecat, V. peregusna
 * Family: Otariidae (eared seals, sealions)
 * Genus: Callorhinus
 * Northern fur seal, C. ursinus
 * Genus: Eumetopias
 * Steller sea lion, E. jubatus


 * Family: Odobenidae
 * Genus: Odobenus
 * Walrus, O. rosmarus
 * Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
 * Genus: Cystophora
 * Hooded seal, C. cristata
 * Genus: Erignathus
 * Bearded seal, E. barbatus
 * Genus: Halichoerus
 * Grey seal, H. grypus
 * Genus: Histriophoca
 * Ribbon seal, H. fasciata
 * Genus: Pagophilus
 * Harp seal, P. groenlandicus
 * Genus: Phoca
 * Spotted seal, P. largha
 * Common seal, P. vitulina
 * Genus: Pusa
 * Caspian seal, P. caspica
 * Ringed seal, P. hispida
 * Baikal seal, P. sibirica

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)
The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.


 * Family: Equidae (horses etc.)
 * Genus: Equus
 * Wild horse, E. ferus reintroduced
 * Przewalski's horse, E. f. przewalskii reintroduced
 * Onager, E. hemionus
 * Mongolian wild ass, E. h. hemionus
 * Turkmenian kulan, E. h. kulan

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
 * Family: Suidae (pigs)
 * Subfamily: Suinae
 * Genus: Sus
 * Wild boar, S. scrofa
 * Family: Moschidae
 * Genus: Moschus
 * Siberian musk deer, M. moschiferus
 * Family: Cervidae (deer)
 * Subfamily: Cervinae
 * Genus: Cervus
 * Wapiti, C. canadensis
 * Red deer, C. elaphus
 * Sika deer, C. nippon
 * Manchurian sika deer, C. n. mantchuricus
 * Genus: Dama
 * European fallow deer, D. dama introduced
 * Subfamily: Capreolinae
 * Genus: Alces
 * Moose, A. alces
 * Genus: Capreolus
 * Roe deer, C. capreolus
 * Siberian roe deer, C. pygargus
 * Genus: Rangifer
 * Reindeer, R. tarandus
 * Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
 * Subfamily: Antilopinae
 * Genus: Procapra
 * Mongolian gazelle, P. gutturosa
 * Genus: Saiga
 * Saiga antelope, S. tatarica
 * Subfamily: Bovinae
 * Genus: Bison
 * American bison, B. bison introduced
 * Wood bison, B. b. athabascae introduced
 * European bison, B. bonasus reintroduced
 * Subfamily: Caprinae
 * Genus: Capra
 * Wild goat, C. aegagrus
 * West Caucasian tur, C. caucasica
 * East Caucasian tur, C. cylindricornis
 * Siberian ibex, C. sibrica
 * Genus: Nemorhaedus
 * Chinese goral, N. caudatus
 * Genus: Ovibos
 * Muskox, O. moschatus
 * Genus: Ovis
 * Argali, O. ammon
 * Snow sheep, O. nivicola
 * Genus: Rupicapra
 * Chamois, R. rupicapra

Locally extinct and extinct
The following species are locally extinct in the country:
 * Wild yak, Bos mutus
 * Dhole, Cuon alpinus
 * Mediterranean monk seal, Monachus monachus

The following species are extinct:
 * Aurochs Bos primigenius
 * Steller's sea cow Hydrodamalis gigas
 * Japanese sea lion, Zalophus japonicus