User:Kweetal nl/sandbox0

All taxonomic data from IOC (including ranges ).

Struthionidae - Ostriches
Family Struthionidae  - Ostriches genera: 1 species: 2 subspecies: 4 Breeding Range: AF

Rheidae - Rheas
Family Rheidae  - Rheas genera: 1 species: 2 subspecies: 8 Breeding Range: SA

Apterygidae - Kiwis
Family Apterygidae  - Kiwis Kiwis are sister to the clade of emus and cassowaries/tinamous (Cracraft 2013; Prum et al. 2015). genera: 1 species: 5 subspecies: 2 Breeding Range: AU

Casuariidae - Cassowaries, Emu
Family Casuariidae  - Cassowaries, Emu Includes Dromaiidae. genera: 2 species: 4 subspecies: 6 Breeding Range: AU

Tinamidae - Tinamous
Family Tinamidae  - Tinamous genera: 9 species: 46 subspecies: 126 Breeding Range: MA, SA

Anhimidae - Screamers
Family Anhimidae  - Screamers genera: 2 species: 3 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: SA

Anseranatidae - Magpie Goose
Family Anseranatidae  - Magpie Goose genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AU

Anatidae - Ducks, Geese, Swans
Family Anatidae  - Ducks, Geese, Swans genera: 53 species: 174 subspecies: 115 Breeding Range: IO, PO, SA, MA, AF, PAL, NA, OR, AU

Megapodiidae - Megapodes
Family Megapodiidae  - Megapodes genera: 7 species: 21 subspecies: 27 Breeding Range: PO, AU, OR

Cracidae - Chachalacas, Curassows, Guans
Family Cracidae  - Chachalacas, Curassows, Guans genera: 11 species: 57 subspecies: 50 Breeding Range: MA, NA, SA

Numididae - Guineafowl
Family Numididae  - Guineafowl genera: 4 species: 8 subspecies: 15 Breeding Range: AF

Odontophoridae - New World Quail
Family Odontophoridae  - New World Quail genera: 10 species: 34 subspecies: 114 Breeding Range: MA, NA, AF, SA

Phasianidae - Pheasants & Allies
Family Phasianidae  - Pheasants & Allies The linear sequence of Phasianidae is based on the phylogenetic analysis of Kimball et al. (2021). genera: 54 species: 188 subspecies: 420 Breeding Range: IO, MA, AF, PAL, NA, OR, AU

Caprimulgidae - Nightjars
Family Caprimulgidae  - Nightjars The eared nightjars Eurostopodus are sister to rest of the Caprimulgidae (Barrowclough et al. 2006; Larsen et al. 2007), but they are not equivalent in rank to other families in the Caprimulgiformes. genera: 20 species: 97 subspecies: 169 Breeding Range: MA, AF, PAL, NA, OR, AU, SA

Steatornithidae - Oilbird
Family Steatornithidae  - Oilbird genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: SA

Nyctibiidae - Potoos
Family Nyctibiidae  - Potoos Revise sequence of Nyctibiidae to move the phylogenetically basal and monotypic genus Phyllaemulor to the beginning of the sequence (Costa et al. 2017; SACC 927). genera: 2 species: 7 subspecies: 10 Breeding Range: MA, SA, NA

Podargidae - Frogmouths
Family Podargidae  - Frogmouths Occasionally treated as two separate families, Asian Batrachostomatidae and Australasian Podargidae (e.g. Sibley & Monroe 1990), but generally unified into a single family. genera: 3 species: 16 subspecies: 19 Breeding Range: AU, OR

Aegothelidae - Owlet-nightjars
Family Aegothelidae  - Owlet-nightjars Species taxonomy of owlet-nightjars on New Guinea needs study and revision (Beehler & Pratt 2016). genera: 1 species: 9 subspecies: 6 Breeding Range: AU

Hemiprocnidae - Treeswifts
Family Hemiprocnidae  - Treeswifts genera: 1 species: 4 subspecies: 12 Breeding Range: AU, OR

Apodidae - Swifts
Family Apodidae  - Swifts genera: 19 species: 113 subspecies: 222 Breeding Range: MA, AF, IO, PAL, NA, OR, AU, PO, SA

Trochilidae - Hummingbirds
Family Trochilidae  - Hummingbirds Sequence within Trochilidae follows McGuire et al. (2014); Stiles et al. (2017b); Licona-Vera & Ornelas (2017). Revised classification of Trochilini follows McGuire et al. (2014); Stiles et al. (2017b); Hernández-Baños et al. (2020); SACC; AOS-NACC (2020-A-02, 2020-A-03, 2020-D-01). New sequence and generic allocations of Trochilinae based on McGuire et al. (2014) accepted by Chesser et al. (2020), NACC 2020-A-02, 2020-A-03. genera: 112 species: 366 subspecies: 501 Breeding Range: SA, MA, NA

Musophagidae - Turacos
Family Musophagidae  - Turacos Sequence and generic taxonomy of Musophagidae is influenced by Perktaş et al. (2020). Also see Veron & Winney (2000). genera: 5 species: 23 subspecies: 30 Breeding Range: AF

Otididae - Bustards
Family Otididae  - Bustards genera: 12 species: 26 subspecies: 29 Breeding Range: AF, OR, AU, PAL

Cuculidae - Cuckoos
Family Cuculidae  - Cuckoos genera: 33 species: 150 subspecies: 195 Breeding Range: PO, SA, MA, AO, AF, PAL, NA, OR, AU

Mesitornithidae - Mesites
Family Mesitornithidae  - Mesites genera: 2 species: 3 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AF

Pteroclidae - Sandgrouse
Family Pteroclidae  - Sandgrouse genera: 2 species: 16 subspecies: 28 Breeding Range: PAL, OR, AF

Columbidae - Pigeons, Doves
Family Columbidae  - Pigeons, Doves genera: 50 species: 352 subspecies: 557 Breeding Range: Worldwide, IO, PO, SA, MA, AF, PAL, NA, OR, AU

Heliornithidae - Finfoots
Family Heliornithidae  - Finfoots The finfoots (Heliornithidae) and flufftails (Sarothruridae) are sister taxa (Hackett et al. 2008). genera: 3 species: 3 subspecies: 4 Breeding Range: MA, OR, SA, AF

Sarothruridae - Flufftails & Forest Rails
Family Sarothruridae  - Flufftails & Forest Rails The flufftails (Sarothruridae) and extinct adzebills (Aptornithidae) are sister taxa related in turn to finfoots (Heliornithidae) (Hackett et al. 2008; Boast et al. 2019). genera: 3 species: 15 subspecies: 21 Breeding Range: AU, AF

Rallidae - Rails, Crakes & Coots
Family Rallidae  - Rails, Crakes & Coots Sequence of Rallidae follows Garcia-R et al. (2020; with modifications from Kirchman 2012; Garcia-R et al. 2014; Boast et al. 2019; Stervander et al. 2019; Brown et al. 2022). Sequence of North and Middle American taxa agrees with that accepted by Chesser et al. (2020). genera: 43 species: 152 subspecies: 195 Breeding Range: IO, PO, SA, MA, AO, AF, PAL, NA, OR, AU

Psophiidae - Trumpeters
Family Psophiidae  - Trumpeters Proposed revision of trumpeter species taxonomy under review (Ribas et al. 2012; SACC 607). genera: 1 species: 3 subspecies: 6 Breeding Range: SA

Gruidae - Cranes
Family Gruidae  - Cranes Classification follows Krajewski et al. (2010); H&M 4. genera: 4 species: 15 subspecies: 12 Breeding Range: PAL, AU, OR, NA, AF

Aramidae - Limpkin
Family Aramidae  - Limpkin genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 4 Breeding Range: MA, SA, NA

Podicipedidae - Grebes
Family Podicipedidae  - Grebes genera: 6 species: 23 subspecies: 45 Breeding Range: MA, NA, AF, OR, AU, PAL, SA

Phoenicopteridae - Flamingos
Family Phoenicopteridae  - Flamingos genera: 3 species: 6 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: PAL, MA, OR, SA, AF

Turnicidae - Buttonquail
Family Turnicidae  - Buttonquail The buttonquails (Turnicidae) belong in the Charadriiformes, not the Gruiformes (Hackett et al. 2008). genera: 2 species: 18 subspecies: 45 Breeding Range: PAL, AU, OR, AF

Burhinidae - Stone-curlews, Thick-knees
Family Burhinidae  - Stone-curlews, Thick-knees genera: 2 species: 10 subspecies: 15 Breeding Range: PAL, AU, MA, OR, SA, AF

Chionidae - Sheathbills
Family Chionidae  - Sheathbills genera: 1 species: 2 subspecies: 4 Breeding Range: AN, IO

Pluvianellidae - Magellanic Plover
Family Pluvianellidae  - Magellanic Plover The Magellanic Plover (Pluvianellus) is most closely related to the sheathbills (Chionidae) (Paton et al. 2003; Paton & Baker 2006; Baker et al. 2007). genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: SA

Haematopodidae - Oystercatchers
Family Haematopodidae  - Oystercatchers genera: 1 species: 12 subspecies: 8 Breeding Range: PAL, AU, MA, SA, NA, AF

Ibidorhynchidae - Ibisbill
Family Ibidorhynchidae  - Ibisbill genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: PAL

Recurvirostridae - Stilts, Avocets
Family Recurvirostridae  - Stilts, Avocets genera: 3 species: 10 subspecies: 2 Breeding Range: PAL, PO, AU, MA, OR, SA, NA, AF

Charadriidae - Plovers
Family Charadriidae  - Plovers genera: 11 species: 69 subspecies: 65 Breeding Range: MA, AO, AF, PAL, NA, OR, AU, SA

Pluvianidae - Egyptian Plover
Family Pluvianidae  - Egyptian Plover Move Egyptian Plover Pluvianus from the Glareolidae to its own family Pluvianidae. It is a separate lineage that is the outgroup to plovers and their allies (Baker et al. 2007; Hackett et al. 2008). genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AF

Rostratulidae - Painted-snipes
Family Rostratulidae  - Painted-snipes genera: 2 species: 3 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AU, OR, SA, AF

Jacanidae - Jacanas
Family Jacanidae  - Jacanas genera: 6 species: 8 subspecies: 6 Breeding Range: AU, MA, OR, SA, AF

Pedionomidae - Plains-wanderer
Family Pedionomidae  - Plains-wanderer genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AU

Thinocoridae - Seedsnipes
Family Thinocoridae  - Seedsnipes genera: 2 species: 4 subspecies: 8 Breeding Range: SA

Scolopacidae - Sandpipers, Snipes
Family Scolopacidae  - Sandpipers, Snipes Family Scolopacidae resequenced to follow Gibson & Baker (2012); NACC 2017-A-12. genera: 15 species: 98 subspecies: 75 Breeding Range: AF, PAL, NA, OR, AU, PO, SA

Dromadidae - Crab-plover
Family Dromadidae  - Crab-plover genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AF, IO

Glareolidae - Coursers, Pratincoles
Family Glareolidae  - Coursers, Pratincoles genera: 4 species: 17 subspecies: 25 Breeding Range: PAL, AU, OR, AF

Laridae - Gulls, Terns, Skimmers
Family Laridae  - Gulls, Terns, Skimmers The skimmers Rynchops and terns are embedded among the gulls in a monophyletic clade; separation of the families Rynchopidae and Sternidae would render the gull family Laridae paraphyletic relative to these other two groups (Baker et al. 2008). genera: 22 species: 103 subspecies: 126 Breeding Range: MA, AO, TrO, AF, Worldwide, SO, IO, PAL, NA, OR, AU, PO, SA

Stercorariidae - Skuas
Family Stercorariidae  - Skuas genera: 1 species: 7 subspecies: 5 Breeding Range: AN, PAL, SO, SA, NA

Alcidae - Auks
Family Alcidae  - Auks genera: 11 species: 25 subspecies: 27 Breeding Range: MA, NA, PAL

Rhynochetidae - Kagu
Family Rhynochetidae  - Kagu genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AU

Eurypygidae - Sunbittern
Family Eurypygidae  - Sunbittern genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 3 Breeding Range: MA, SA

Phaethontidae - Tropicbirds
Family Phaethontidae  - Tropicbirds genera: 1 species: 3 subspecies: 13 Breeding Range: TrO

Gaviidae - Loons
Family Gaviidae  - Loons genera: 1 species: 5 subspecies: 2 Breeding Range: PAL, NA

Spheniscidae - Penguins
Family Spheniscidae  - Penguins Family sequence based on Vianna et al. (2020). genera: 6 species: 18 subspecies: 12 Breeding Range: AN, SO, AU, AO, SA, AF, IO

Oceanitidae - Austral Storm Petrels
Family Oceanitidae  - Austral Storm Petrels The Oceanitidae and Hydrobatidae are not sister taxa (Nunn & Stanley 1998; Penhallurick & Wink 2004; Hackett et al. 2008). Resequence Oceanitidae to precede Diomedeidae (H&M 4). genera: 5 species: 10 subspecies: 17 Breeding Range: SO, PO, AO, IO

Diomedeidae - Albatrosses
Family Diomedeidae  - Albatrosses The species taxonomy of albatrosses is controversial with advocates for 12 to 24 species (BLI; Tennyson 2010; SACC 388; Penhallurick 2012). genera: 4 species: 21 subspecies: 6 Breeding Range: AO, SO, IO, PO

Hydrobatidae - Northern Storm Petrels
Family Hydrobatidae  - Northern Storm Petrels The Oceanitidae and Hydrobatidae are not sister taxa (Nunn & Stanley 1998; Penhallurick & Wink 2004; Hackett et al. 2008). genera: 1 species: 18 subspecies: 8 Breeding Range: PO, MA, AO, IO

Procellariidae - Petrels, Shearwaters, Diving Petrels
Family Procellariidae  - Petrels, Shearwaters, Diving Petrels genera: 16 species: 100 subspecies: 43 Breeding Range: AO, TrO, Worldwide, SO, IO, AN, PAL, NA, PO, SA

Ciconiidae - Storks
Family Ciconiidae  - Storks The linear sequence of Ciconiidae follows the phylogenetic analysis of de Sousa et al. (2023). genera: 6 species: 20 subspecies: 8 Breeding Range: PAL, AU, MA, OR, SA, NA, AF

Fregatidae - Frigatebirds
Family Fregatidae  - Frigatebirds genera: 1 species: 5 subspecies: 10 Breeding Range: PO, AO, TrO, IO

Sulidae - Gannets, Boobies
Family Sulidae  - Gannets, Boobies genera: 3 species: 10 subspecies: 13 Breeding Range: PO, AU, AO, TrO, SA, AF, IO

Anhingidae - Anhingas, Darters
Family Anhingidae  - Anhingas, Darters genera: 1 species: 4 subspecies: 7 Breeding Range: PAL, AU, MA, OR, SA, NA, AF

Phalacrocoracidae - Cormorants, Shags
Family Phalacrocoracidae  - Cormorants, Shags Until recently, the genera of cormorants and the distinctions between "shags" and "cormorants" have remained mostly unresolved due to conflicts among studies and missing taxa (Siegel-Causey 1988; Kennedy et al. 2000; Christidis & Boles 2008). We follow the comprehensive phylogenetic studies of Kennedy & Spencer (2014) and Kennedy et al. (2019) in resequencing this family. Generic revisions were accepted for the North American species by NACC (Chesser et al. 2021) but narrowly declined by SACC (Proposal 648). genera: 7 species: 42 subspecies: 28 Breeding Range: MA, AF, SO, IO, PAL, NA, OR, AU, PO, SA

Threskiornithidae - Ibises, Spoonbills
Family Threskiornithidae  - Ibises, Spoonbills genera: 13 species: 36 subspecies: 23 Breeding Range: MA, NA, AF, OR, AU, IO, Worldwide but disjunctly, PAL, SA

Ardeidae - Herons, Bitterns
Family Ardeidae  - Herons, Bitterns The herons (Ardeidae) and ibises and spoonbills (Threskiornithidae) are sister taxa in the Order Pelecaniformes (Hackett et al. 2008). genera: 18 species: 72 subspecies: 102 Breeding Range: MA, AO, AF, Worldwide, IO, PAL, NA, OR, AU, SA

Scopidae - Hamerkop
Family Scopidae  - Hamerkop genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 2 Breeding Range: AF

Balaenicipitidae - Shoebill
Family Balaenicipitidae  - Shoebill genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AF

Pelecanidae - Pelicans
Family Pelecanidae  - Pelicans genera: 1 species: 8 subspecies: 5 Breeding Range: PAL, AU, MA, OR, SA, NA, AF

Opisthocomidae - Hoatzin
Family Opisthocomidae  - Hoatzin genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: SA

Cathartidae - New World Vultures
Family Cathartidae  - New World Vultures SACC 361 elevates the New World Vultures (Cathartidae) to a separate order, the Cathartiformes; AOU-NACC follows. Sequence follows Johnson et al. (2016); Chesser et al. (2020), NACC 2020-A-13. genera: 5 species: 7 subspecies: 8 Breeding Range: MA, SA, NA

Sagittariidae - Secretarybird
Family Sagittariidae  - Secretarybird RESTORE: Secretarybird to a monotypic family Sagittariidae in accord with the Tree of Life phylogeny (Hackett et al. 2008). genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AF

Pandionidae - Ospreys
Family Pandionidae  - Ospreys RESTORE: Ospreys to the family Pandionidae in accord with the Tree of Life phylogeny (Hackett et al. 2008). genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 4 Breeding Range: Worldwide

Accipitridae - Kites, Hawks, Eagles
Family Accipitridae  - Kites, Hawks, Eagles Classification of Accipitridae revised v3.3; see especially Wink & Sauer-Gürth (2004); Lerner & Mindell (2005). genera: 71 species: 256 subspecies: 381 Breeding Range: PO, SA, MA, AF, PAL, NA, OR, AU

Tytonidae - Barn Owls
Family Tytonidae  - Barn Owls See Uva et al. (2018). genera: 2 species: 20 subspecies: 54 Breeding Range: PAL, PO, AU, MA, OR, SA, NA, AF

Strigidae - Owls
Family Strigidae  - Owls Generic sequence of Strigidae is based on the molecular phylogenetic analysis of Salter et al. (2019). This analysis also reveals that Strigidae is composed of two major clades that have been treated as subfamilies: Surniinae and Striginae, respectively. Species sequence is based primarily on the NACC and SACC for genera limited to the western hemisphere and Dickinson & Remsen (2013) for the others. genera: 23 species: 234 subspecies: 425 Breeding Range: Worldwide, IO, PO, SA, MA, AF, PAL, NA, OR, AU

Coliidae - Mousebirds
Family Coliidae  - Mousebirds genera: 2 species: 6 subspecies: 32 Breeding Range: AF

Leptosomidae - Cuckoo-roller
Family Leptosomidae  - Cuckoo-roller The correct spelling of this family name is Leptosomidae, not Leptosomatidae (Bock 1994). Change English name of Cuckoo Roller to Cuckoo-roller to comply with the IOC-WBL established rules for English name construction. Leptosomus is not a "roller" but is only distantly related. genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 3 Breeding Range: AF

Trogonidae - Trogons
Family Trogonidae  - Trogons Sequence of New World trogons follows AOU in accord with DaCosta & Klicka (2008) and Moyle (2005). genera: 7 species: 43 subspecies: 90 Breeding Range: MA, AF, NA, OR, SA

Upupidae - Hoopoes
Family Upupidae  - Hoopoes The hoopoes (Upupidae) and wood hoopoes (Phoeniculidae) are sister taxa related in turn to the hornbills (Hackett et al. 2008). genera: 1 species: 4 subspecies: 6 Breeding Range: PAL, AO, OR, AF

Phoeniculidae - Wood Hoopoes
Family Phoeniculidae  - Wood Hoopoes The hoopoes (Upupidae) and wood hoopoes (Phoeniculidae) are sister taxa related in turn to the hornbills (Hackett et al. 2008). genera: 2 species: 9 subspecies: 22 Breeding Range: AF

Bucorvidae - Ground Hornbills
Family Bucorvidae  - Ground Hornbills The ground hornbills (Bucorvidae) and hornbills (Bucerotidae) are sister taxa related in turn to the hoopoes and wood hoopoes (Hackett et al. 2008). Classification follows Gonzalez et al. (2013a). genera: 1 species: 2 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AF

Bucerotidae - Hornbills
Family Bucerotidae  - Hornbills The hornbills (Bucerotidae) and ground hornbills (Bucorvidae) are sister taxa related in turn to the hoopoes and wood hoopoes (Hackett et al. 2008). genera: 15 species: 60 subspecies: 32 Breeding Range: AF, OR, AU

Coraciidae - Rollers
Family Coraciidae  - Rollers See Johansson et al. (2018) for phylogeny of the Coraciidae. genera: 2 species: 13 subspecies: 24 Breeding Range: PAL, AU, OR, AF

Brachypteraciidae - Ground Rollers
Family Brachypteraciidae  - Ground Rollers genera: 4 species: 5 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AF

Alcedinidae - Kingfishers
Family Alcedinidae  - Kingfishers The kingfishers (Alcedinidae) comprise three monophyletic clades (Alcedininae, Cerylinae, and Daceloninae) (Moyle 2006); some taxonomists elevate them to family status (Sibley & Monroe 1990; Christidis & Boles 2008). genera: 18 species: 117 subspecies: 260 Breeding Range: MA, AF, PAL, NA, OR, AU, PO, SA

Todidae - Todies
Family Todidae  - Todies genera: 1 species: 5 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: NA

Momotidae - Motmots
Family Momotidae  - Motmots genera: 6 species: 14 subspecies: 40 Breeding Range: MA, SA

Meropidae - Bee-eaters
Family Meropidae  - Bee-eaters genera: 3 species: 31 subspecies: 34 Breeding Range: AF, OR, AU, PAL

Galbulidae - Jacamars
Family Galbulidae  - Jacamars The jacamars (Galbulidae) and puffbirds (Bucconidae) are well-established sister taxa (SACC; Hackett et al. 2008), with evidence favoring inclusion in the Piciformes, rather than a separate Order Galbuliformes (TOL; Ericson et al. 2006; cf. SACC; Fain & Houde 2004). genera: 5 species: 18 subspecies: 25 Breeding Range: MA, SA

Bucconidae - Puffbirds
Family Bucconidae  - Puffbirds The jacamars (Galbulidae) and puffbirds (Bucconidae) are well-established sister taxa (SACC; Hackett et al. 2008), with evidence favoring inclusion in the Piciformes, rather than a separate Order Galbuliformes (TOL; Ericson et al. 2006; cf. SACC; Fain & Houde 2004). genera: 10 species: 38 subspecies: 52 Breeding Range: MA, SA

Capitonidae - New World Barbets
Family Capitonidae  - New World Barbets Toucans and New World barbets are sister taxa (Moyle 2004; SACC 7) elevated to separate families to reflect their phylogeny (NACC 2010). genera: 2 species: 15 subspecies: 26 Breeding Range: MA, SA

Semnornithidae - Toucan Barbets
Family Semnornithidae  - Toucan Barbets genera: 1 species: 2 subspecies: 2 Breeding Range: MA, SA

Ramphastidae - Toucans
Family Ramphastidae  - Toucans genera: 5 species: 43 subspecies: 56 Breeding Range: MA, SA

Megalaimidae - Asian Barbets
Family Megalaimidae  - Asian Barbets Asian barbets (Megalaimidae) are the basal outgroup to the African barbets and in turn the New World barbets and toucans (Moyle 2004). genera: 2 species: 34 subspecies: 53 Breeding Range: OR

Lybiidae - African Barbets
Family Lybiidae  - African Barbets African barbets (Lybiidae) are sisters to the New World barbets and toucans (Moyle 2004). genera: 7 species: 42 subspecies: 98 Breeding Range: AF

Indicatoridae - Honeyguides
Family Indicatoridae  - Honeyguides Honeyguides (Indicatoridae) and woodpeckers (Picidae) are sister families (Hackett et al. 2008). genera: 4 species: 16 subspecies: 27 Breeding Range: OR, AF

Picidae - Woodpeckers
Family Picidae  - Woodpeckers genera: 37 species: 240 subspecies: 600 Breeding Range: SA, MA, AF, PAL, NA, OR, AU

Cariamidae - Seriemas
Family Cariamidae  - Seriemas genera: 2 species: 2 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: SA

Falconidae - Caracaras, Falcons
Family Falconidae  - Caracaras, Falcons Expand Daptrius to include Milvago, Phalcoboenus and Ibycter (Fuchs et al. 2015). genera: 12 species: 65 subspecies: 114 Breeding Range: MA, AF, Worldwide, IO, PAL, NA, OR, AU, SA

Strigopidae - New Zealand Parrots
Family Strigopidae  - New Zealand Parrots The New Zealand parrots (Strigops, Nestor) are an ancient, basal lineage that is sister to all other parrots (Psittacidae). genera: 2 species: 4 subspecies: 2 Breeding Range: AU

Cacatuidae - Cockatoos
Family Cacatuidae  - Cockatoos Cockatoos are treated as a family (Christidis & Boles 2008; Joseph et al. 2012). genera: 7 species: 22 subspecies: 36 Breeding Range: OR, AU

Psittacidae - African & New World Parrots
Family Psittacidae  - African & New World Parrots genera: 37 species: 179 subspecies: 216 Breeding Range: SA, MA, AF, NA

Psittaculidae - Old World Parrots
Family Psittaculidae  - Old World Parrots genera: 54 species: 203 subspecies: 281 Breeding Range: IO, PO, AF, OR, AU

Acanthisittidae - New Zealand Wrens
Family Acanthisittidae  - New Zealand Wrens The New Zealand Wrens (Acanthisittidae) are the sister group to all passerines, including both suboscines and oscines. genera: 3 species: 4 subspecies: 5 Breeding Range: AU

Sapayoidae - Sapayoa
Family Sapayoidae  - Sapayoa Sapayoa aenigma is a New World broadbill and basal branch of the Eurylaimides. Treat as a monotypic family following Acanthisittidae (Irestedt et al. 2006; Moyle et al. 2006; NACC 2008; Selvatti et al. 2017). genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: MA, SA

Philepittidae - Asities
Family Philepittidae  - Asities The asities and sunbird-asities are sister to Typical Broadbills and previously included in the Eurylaimidae (Prum 1993; Irestedt et al. 2006; Moyle et al. 2006; Selvatti et al. 2017). Revised (9.2) to follow recognition of Calyptomenidae (H&M 4; HBW). genera: 2 species: 4 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AF

Eurylaimidae - Typical Broadbills
Family Eurylaimidae  - Typical Broadbills The typical broadbills (Eurylaimidae) are sister to the asities of Madagascar which are here treated as a separate family Philepittidae. Two broadbill genera (Smithornis, Calyptomena) are sister to the pittas (Pittidae) and form a separate family Calyptomenidae (Irestedt et al. 2006; Moyle 2006a; Selvatti et al. 2017). Sequence based on Selvatti et al. (2017). genera: 7 species: 10 subspecies: 23 Breeding Range: OR, AF

Calyptomenidae - African & Green Broadbills
Family Calyptomenidae  - African & Green Broadbills African and Green Broadbills are not sisters of Typical Broadbills and thus treated (9.2) as a separate family Calyptomenidae (H&M 4; HBW). Sequence based on Selvatti et al. (2017). genera: 2 species: 6 subspecies: 17 Breeding Range: OR, AF

Pittidae - Pittas
Family Pittidae  - Pittas Sequence based on Selvatti et al. (2017). genera: 3 species: 44 subspecies: 66 Breeding Range: AF, PAL, OR, AU

Furnariidae - Ovenbirds
Family Furnariidae  - Ovenbirds The ovenbird family Furnariidae includes the phylogenetically embedded woodcreepers, formerly separated as the family Dendrocolaptidae (SACC 132). Sequences and genera revised (9.1) to follow Derryberry et al. 2011; Claramunt et al. 2013; SACC 504, 601. genera: 70 species: 320 subspecies: 713 Breeding Range: SA, MA

Thamnophilidae - Antbirds
Family Thamnophilidae  - Antbirds Resequenced entire family based on recent molecular studies (Bravo et al. 2012; Ohlson et al. 2013; Isler et al. 2013). genera: 63 species: 238 subspecies: 402 Breeding Range: SA, MA

Formicariidae - Antthrushes
Family Formicariidae  - Antthrushes genera: 2 species: 12 subspecies: 42 Breeding Range: MA, SA

Grallariidae - Antpittas
Family Grallariidae  - Antpittas The antpittas (Grallariidae) are not closely related to the antthrushes (Formicariidae) and thus are treated as a separate family (Chesser 2004; Rice 2005; SACC). genera: 5 species: 70 subspecies: 95 Breeding Range: MA, SA

Conopophagidae - Gnateaters
Family Conopophagidae  - Gnateaters genera: 2 species: 12 subspecies: 22 Breeding Range: MA, SA

Rhinocryptidae - Tapaculos
Family Rhinocryptidae  - Tapaculos genera: 12 species: 65 subspecies: 29 Breeding Range: MA, SA

Melanopareiidae - Crescentchests
Family Melanopareiidae  - Crescentchests The crescentchests are not tapaculos, but a separate family Melanopareiidae that is one of four basal lineages of furnariine suboscines (Chesser 2004; Moyle et al. 2009). genera: 1 species: 5 subspecies: 7 Breeding Range: SA

Tyrannidae - Tyrant Flycatchers, Calyptura
Family Tyrannidae  - Tyrant Flycatchers, Calyptura genera: 104 species: 447 subspecies: 748 Breeding Range: SA, MA, NA

Cotingidae - Cotingas
Family Cotingidae  - Cotingas Sequence based on Berv & Prum (2014). genera: 24 species: 66 subspecies: 41 Breeding Range: MA, SA

Pipridae - Manakins
Family Pipridae  - Manakins Classification of Pipridae follows Tello et al. (2009); McKay et al. (2010); Ohlson et al. (2013); SACC 591 B2; see also Prum et al. (1992). genera: 17 species: 55 subspecies: 86 Breeding Range: MA, SA

Tityridae - Tityras, Becards, Sharpbill
Family Tityridae  - Tityras, Becards, Sharpbill The genera placed in the family Tityridae are more closely related to the manakins (Pipridae) than to the cotingas (Cotingidae) (Chesser 2004; Barber & Rice 2007; SACC). genera: 11 species: 46 subspecies: 122 Breeding Range: MA, NA, SA

Menuridae - Lyrebirds
Family Menuridae  - Lyrebirds genera: 1 species: 2 subspecies: 3 Breeding Range: AU

Atrichornithidae - Scrubbirds
Family Atrichornithidae  - Scrubbirds genera: 1 species: 2 subspecies: 2 Breeding Range: AU

Ptilonorhynchidae - Bowerbirds
Family Ptilonorhynchidae  - Bowerbirds genera: 8 species: 28 subspecies: 21 Breeding Range: AU

Climacteridae - Australasian Treecreepers
Family Climacteridae  - Australasian Treecreepers genera: 2 species: 7 subspecies: 14 Breeding Range: AU

Maluridae - Australasian Wrens
Family Maluridae  - Australasian Wrens genera: 6 species: 32 subspecies: 60 Breeding Range: AU

Meliphagidae - Honeyeaters
Family Meliphagidae  - Honeyeaters Remove Moho to Mohoidae and Notiomystis to Notiomystidae. Revised classification (10.1) follows Andersen et al. (2019). genera: 55 species: 196 subspecies: 236 Breeding Range: PO, AU

Dasyornithidae - Bristlebirds
Family Dasyornithidae  - Bristlebirds Gardner et al. (2010) provide molecular evidence in support of family status of the Dasyornis bristlebirds. genera: 1 species: 3 subspecies: 5 Breeding Range: AU

Pardalotidae - Pardalotes
Family Pardalotidae  - Pardalotes genera: 1 species: 4 subspecies: 11 Breeding Range: AU

Acanthizidae - Australasian Warblers
Family Acanthizidae  - Australasian Warblers genera: 15 species: 67 subspecies: 161 Breeding Range: OR, AU

Pomatostomidae - Australasian Babblers
Family Pomatostomidae  - Australasian Babblers genera: 2 species: 5 subspecies: 6 Breeding Range: AU

Orthonychidae - Logrunners
Family Orthonychidae  - Logrunners genera: 1 species: 3 subspecies: 4 Breeding Range: AU

Cnemophilidae - Satinbirds
Family Cnemophilidae  - Satinbirds genera: 2 species: 3 subspecies: 4 Breeding Range: AU

Melanocharitidae - Berrypeckers, Longbills
Family Melanocharitidae  - Berrypeckers, Longbills Phylogenetic analysis shows that Rhamphocharis is embedded in Melanocharis (Milá et al. 2021). Sequence and genera of Melanocharitidae to be revised in a future IOC update. genera: 4 species: 12 subspecies: 21 Breeding Range: AU

Paramythiidae - Painted Berrypeckers
Family Paramythiidae  - Painted Berrypeckers Separate the painted berrypeckers (Oreocharis and Paramythia) from the Melanocharitidae to the Paramythiidae (Barker et al. 2004; HBW). genera: 2 species: 3 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AU

Callaeidae - New Zealand Wattlebirds
Family Callaeidae  - New Zealand Wattlebirds Correct spelling of family name is "Callaeidae", not "Callaeatidae" (Bock 1994; H&M Corrigenda). Change family name to New Zealand Wattlebirds (Checklist Committee of OSNZ 2010). genera: 3 species: 5 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AU

Notiomystidae - Stitchbird
Family Notiomystidae  - Stitchbird Stitchbird is related to the wattled crows of New Zealand, not to honeyeaters (Meliphagidae) (Driskell et al. 2007). genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 2 Breeding Range: AU

Psophodidae - Whipbirds
Family Psophodidae  - Whipbirds Psophodidae provisionally included Ptilorrhoa and Cinclosoma following Christidis & Boles (2008); now separated (9.2) to the Cinclosomatidae (Norman et al. 2009; H&M 4; HBW). genera: 2 species: 6 subspecies: 6 Breeding Range: AU

Cinclosomatidae - Jewel-babblers, Quail-thrushes
Family Cinclosomatidae  - Jewel-babblers, Quail-thrushes Jewel-babblers and quail-thrushes are sister taxa, not related to whipbirds Psophodidae (Norman et al. 2009; H&M 4; HBW). genera: 2 species: 12 subspecies: 28 Breeding Range: AU

Platysteiridae - Wattle-eyes, Batises
Family Platysteiridae  - Wattle-eyes, Batises genera: 3 species: 33 subspecies: 31 Breeding Range: AF

Malaconotidae - Bushshrikes
Family Malaconotidae  - Bushshrikes genera: 8 species: 50 subspecies: 112 Breeding Range: AF

Machaerirhynchidae - Boatbills
Family Machaerirhynchidae  - Boatbills Boatbills may belong to the woodswallow-bushshrike assemblage with peltops (Norman et al. 2009). genera: 1 species: 2 subspecies: 9 Breeding Range: AU

Vangidae - Vangas & Allies
Family Vangidae  - Vangas & Allies The family Vangidae was historically restricted to a diverse and monophyletic set of Madagascan taxa. Molecular analyses support expansion of the family Vangidae to include the helmetshrikes (Prionopidae), woodshrikes and allies (Tephrodornithidae), and shrike-flycatchers (Megabyas and Bias, previously placed in the Platysteiridae) (Reddy et al. 2012; Jønsson et al. 2012, 2016; Fuchs et al. 2012; H&M 4; HBW). genera: 21 species: 40 subspecies: 59 Breeding Range: AF, OR

Pityriasidae - Bristlehead
Family Pityriasidae  - Bristlehead Correct (8.2) spelling of family name from Pityriaseidae to Pityriasidae (H&M 4). genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: OR

Artamidae - Woodswallows, Butcherbirds & Allies
Family Artamidae  - Woodswallows, Butcherbirds & Allies Artamidae includes previous Cracticidae. Woodswallows, butcherbirds and peltops are equidistant (subfamily) lineages in one monophyletic cluster (Norman et al. 2009b; Jønsson et al. 2010, 2011; Aggerbeck et al. 2014; Schodde & Christidis 2014; J. Fjeldså pers. comm.). genera: 6 species: 24 subspecies: 57 Breeding Range: OR, AU, PO

Rhagologidae - Mottled Berryhunter
Family Rhagologidae  - Mottled Berryhunter genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 2 Breeding Range: AU

Aegithinidae - Ioras
Family Aegithinidae  - Ioras genera: 1 species: 4 subspecies: 16 Breeding Range: OR

Campephagidae - Cuckooshrikes
Family Campephagidae  - Cuckooshrikes Classification of Campephagidae revised (8.2) to follow phylogeny of Jønsson et al. (2010); also H&M 4. genera: 11 species: 94 subspecies: 240 Breeding Range: AF, IO, PAL, OR, AU, PO

Mohouidae - Whiteheads
Family Mohouidae  - Whiteheads Change status of Mohoua species (including Finschia) from Incertae sedis to follow Campephagidae as a monophyletic family in core Corvoidea (Aidala et al. 2013). genera: 1 species: 3 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AU

Neosittidae - Sittellas
Family Neosittidae  - Sittellas genera: 1 species: 3 subspecies: 9 Breeding Range: AU

Eulacestomatidae - Ploughbill
Family Eulacestomatidae  - Ploughbill genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AU

Oreoicidae - Australo-Papuan Bellbirds
Family Oreoicidae  - Australo-Papuan Bellbirds DNA sequence studies separate Crested Bellbird, Crested Pitohui and Rufous-naped Whistler as a distinct monophyletic taxon distantly related to other corvoid families (Schodde & Christidis 2014). genera: 3 species: 3 subspecies: 5 Breeding Range: AU

Falcunculidae - Shriketits
Family Falcunculidae  - Shriketits The Shriketits Falcunculus were previously regarded as questionable members of Pachycephalidae (Zuccon & Ericson 2012), separated (9.2) to monotypic family Falcunculidae (H&M 4; HBW). genera: 1 species: 3 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AU

Pachycephalidae - Whistlers & Allies
Family Pachycephalidae  - Whistlers & Allies Its composition in flux, Pachycephalidae includes Colluricincla, but excludes Oreoica (Oreoicidae), Rhagologus (Rhagologidae), Pitohui s.s. (Oriolidae) (Jønsson et al. 2008; Dumbacher 2008) and Hylocitrea, a bombycillid (Spellman et al. 2008). Falcunculus was a questionable member of Pachycephalidae (Zuccon & Ericson 2012), separated (9.2) to monotypic family Falcunculidae (H&M 4; HBW). genera: 5 species: 64 subspecies: 155 Breeding Range: OR, AU, PO

Vireonidae - Vireos, Greenlets, Shrike-babblers
Family Vireonidae  - Vireos, Greenlets, Shrike-babblers Vireonidae includes Erpornis and Pteruthius (Reddy & Cracraft 2007; Reddy 2008). Linear sequence of Vireonidae is based on Slager et al. (2014) and Mejías et al. (2020). genera: 8 species: 62 subspecies: 195 Breeding Range: MA, NA, OR, SA

Oriolidae - Figbirds, Old World Orioles, Piopios
Family Oriolidae  - Figbirds, Old World Orioles, Piopios See Jønsson et al. (2019) for phylogenetic sequence of species. genera: 4 species: 41 subspecies: 90 Breeding Range: AF, PAL, OR, AU

Dicruridae - Drongos
Family Dicruridae  - Drongos Sequence of Dicruridae follows Shakya et al. (2020) with modifications from Fuchs et al. (2018); Pasquet et al. (2007). genera: 1 species: 28 subspecies: 100 Breeding Range: AF, OR, AU

Rhipiduridae - Fantails
Family Rhipiduridae  - Fantails genera: 4 species: 55 subspecies: 119 Breeding Range: OR, AU, PO

Monarchidae - Monarchs
Family Monarchidae  - Monarchs genera: 15 species: 106 subspecies: 200 Breeding Range: AF, IO, PAL, OR, AU, PO

Platylophidae - Jayshrike
Family Platylophidae  - Jayshrike Recent phylogenetic analyses have shown that Platylophus is not a true corvid (Corvidae), but rather has an unsettled position within the Corvoidea radiation (Jønsson et al. 2008, Aggerbeck et al. 2014, Winkler et al. 2015; Oliveros et al. 2019; Jønsson et al. 2011; Jønsson et al. 2016, Fuchs et al. 2019; Stervander et al. 2020). Best placed in its own family Platylophidae which has been recently formally described (Gaudin et al. 2021). However, an alternate name for this family, Lophocittidae, may have precedence depending on whether Lophocitteae Kaup, 1855 is interpreted as having been originally introduced as a family-group name or as a genus-group name (Gaudin et al. 2021; Raty in litt. 9/10/21, Bird Forum https://www.birdforum.net/threads/crested-jay.323243/page-2). genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 4 Breeding Range: OR

Laniidae - Shrikes
Family Laniidae  - Shrikes Laniidae is resequenced following the phylogenetic analysis of Fuchs et al. (2019) and McCullough et al. (2022). Reposition in the family sequence to precede Corvidae (Fjeldså et al. 2020). genera: 2 species: 34 subspecies: 76 Breeding Range: MA, NA, AF, OR, AU, PAL

Corvidae - Crows, Jays
Family Corvidae  - Crows, Jays genera: 24 species: 135 subspecies: 264 Breeding Range: PO, SA, MA, AF, PAL, NA, OR, AU

Corcoracidae - Australian Mudnesters
Family Corcoracidae  - Australian Mudnesters genera: 2 species: 2 subspecies: 4 Breeding Range: AU

Melampittidae - Melampittas
Family Melampittidae  - Melampittas Melampittas are related to birds-of-paradise and Australian mudnesters (Jønsson et al. 2011; Aggerbeck et al. 2014; Schodde & Christidis 2014). Move melampittas from Incertae sedis to new family Melampittidae. genera: 2 species: 2 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AU

Ifritidae - Ifrit
Family Ifritidae  - Ifrit genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AU

Paradisaeidae - Birds-of-paradise
Family Paradisaeidae  - Birds-of-paradise genera: 17 species: 45 subspecies: 41 Breeding Range: AU

Petroicidae - Australasian Robins
Family Petroicidae  - Australasian Robins Generic revision and sequence (9.2) follows Loynes et al. (2009); Christidis et al. (2011); see also H&M 4; HBW. genera: 19 species: 51 subspecies: 105 Breeding Range: AU, PO

Picathartidae - Rockfowl
Family Picathartidae  - Rockfowl Rockfowl, rockjumpers, and rail-babbler form an ancient clade that is sister to the Petroicidae and in turn to the Passerida (Jønsson et al. 2007). genera: 1 species: 2 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AF

Chaetopidae - Rockjumpers
Family Chaetopidae  - Rockjumpers genera: 1 species: 2 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AF

Eupetidae - Rail-babbler
Family Eupetidae  - Rail-babbler Restrict Eupetidae to Rail-babbler Eupetes; resequence as sister to Chaetops and in turn to Picathartes (Jønsson et al. 2007). genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 2 Breeding Range: OR

Bombycillidae - Waxwings
Family Bombycillidae  - Waxwings genera: 1 species: 3 subspecies: 2 Breeding Range: PAL, MA, SA, NA

Ptiliogonatidae - Silky-flycatchers
Family Ptiliogonatidae  - Silky-flycatchers Follow AOU 1998 in recognizing silky flycatchers as a separate family Ptiliogonatidae. Change spelling to follow original spelling of genus Ptiliogonys. genera: 3 species: 4 subspecies: 8 Breeding Range: MA, NA

Hypocoliidae - Hypocolius
Family Hypocoliidae  - Hypocolius Separate Grey Hypocolius as monotypic family Hypocoliidae to be consistent with treatment of other enigmatic waxwing relatives. genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: PAL

Dulidae - Palmchat
Family Dulidae  - Palmchat genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: NA

Mohoidae - Oos
Family Mohoidae  - Oos Species of Moho were related to waxwings (Bombycillidae), not to honeyeaters (Meliphagidae) (Fleischer et al. 2008). genera: 2 species: 5 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: PO

Hylocitreidae - Hylocitrea
Family Hylocitreidae  - Hylocitrea genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 2 Breeding Range: AU

Stenostiridae - Fairy Flycatchers
Family Stenostiridae  - Fairy Flycatchers Stenostiridae includes Stenostira and Elminia from Incertae sedis and Culicicapa from Muscicapidae (Barker et al. 2002, 2004; Beresford et al. 2005; Fuchs et al. 2006). genera: 4 species: 9 subspecies: 22 Breeding Range: AU, OR, AF

Paridae - Tits, Chickadees
Family Paridae  - Tits, Chickadees Revised classification follows Johansson et al. (2013). See also Tietze & Borthakur (2012). genera: 14 species: 64 subspecies: 228 Breeding Range: MA, AF, PAL, NA, OR

Remizidae - Penduline Tits
Family Remizidae  - Penduline Tits genera: 3 species: 11 subspecies: 33 Breeding Range: PAL, MA, NA, AF

Nicatoridae - Nicators
Family Nicatoridae  - Nicators Move Nicator species from Incertae sedis to Nicatoridae, which aligns with Alaudidae and Panuridae to form a basal trichotomy that is sister of the rest of the sylvioids (Beresford et al. 2005; Johansson et al. 2008). genera: 1 species: 3 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: AF

Panuridae - Bearded Reedling
Family Panuridae  - Bearded Reedling Bearded Reedling is not related to parrotbills, but is sister to the larks (Alaudidae) and in turn to the rest of the Sylvioidea (Ericson & Johansson 2003; Alström et al. 2006, 2013; Fuchs et al. 2006). genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 3 Breeding Range: PAL

Alaudidae - Larks
Family Alaudidae  - Larks genera: 21 species: 100 subspecies: 352 Breeding Range: MA, AF, PAL, NA, OR, AU

Pycnonotidae - Bulbuls
Family Pycnonotidae  - Bulbuls Sequence of Pycnonotidae is primarily based on Shakya & Sheldon (2017) with modifications from Dejtaradol et al. (2016); Fuchs et al. (2018). genera: 32 species: 166 subspecies: 264 Breeding Range: IO, AF, PAL, OR, AU

Hirundinidae - Swallows, Martins
Family Hirundinidae  - Swallows, Martins The linear sequence of Hirundinidae is based on Sheldon et al. (2005) and de Silva et al. (2018). genera: 20 species: 89 subspecies: 161 Breeding Range: MA, AF, Worldwide, IO, PAL, NA, OR, AU, PO, SA

Pnoepygidae - Cupwings
Family Pnoepygidae  - Cupwings Pnoepyga wren-babblers are not babblers and are elevated to their own family (Gelang et al. 2009). Change (8.2) English names to 'cupwing'. genera: 1 species: 4 subspecies: 10 Breeding Range: OR

Macrosphenidae - Crombecs, African Warblers
Family Macrosphenidae  - Crombecs, African Warblers See Fregin et al. (2012) for formal proposal of Macrosphenidae, which includes members of the Sphenoeacus group of Old World warblers separated by Johansson et al. (2008). genera: 6 species: 18 subspecies: 45 Breeding Range: AF

Cettiidae - Cettia Bush Warblers & Allies
Family Cettiidae  - Cettia Bush Warblers & Allies Classification of Cettiidae revised (2.11) to follow Alström et al. (2011b). genera: 8 species: 31 subspecies: 83 Breeding Range: AF, OR, AU, PAL, PO

Scotocercidae - Streaked Scrub Warbler
Family Scotocercidae  - Streaked Scrub Warbler genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 8 Breeding Range: PAL

Erythrocercidae - Yellow Flycatchers
Family Erythrocercidae  - Yellow Flycatchers genera: 1 species: 3 subspecies: 6 Breeding Range: AF

Hyliidae - Hylias
Family Hyliidae  - Hylias Move (9.2) these two enigmatic African warblers from Incertae sedis to their own family Hyliidae, sister to Aegithalidae and Scotocercidae (Oliveros et al. 2019). genera: 2 species: 2 subspecies: 6 Breeding Range: AF

Aegithalidae - Bushtits
Family Aegithalidae  - Bushtits The Aegithalidae are not closely related to the true tits (Paridae) as once thought (Harrap 2008); hence IOC recommended use of distinguishing name "bushtit" rather than "tit". Sequence of Aegithalidae is based on Päckert et al. (2010). genera: 3 species: 13 subspecies: 42 Breeding Range: PAL, MA, OR, NA

Phylloscopidae - Leaf Warblers
Family Phylloscopidae  - Leaf Warblers The revised classification (8.2) of the Phylloscopidae follows the robust family phylogeny of Alström et al. (2018a). Seicercus is polyphyletic and hence merged with Phylloscopus (see also Olsson et al. 2005; Johansson et al. 2007). genera: 1 species: 81 subspecies: 132 Breeding Range: AF, PAL, NA, OR, AU

Acrocephalidae - Reed Warblers & Allies
Family Acrocephalidae  - Reed Warblers & Allies genera: 7 species: 61 subspecies: 83 Breeding Range: AF, IO, PAL, OR, AU, PO

Locustellidae - Grassbirds & Allies
Family Locustellidae  - Grassbirds & Allies Classification of Locustellidae revised (8.2) to follow Alström et al. (2018b). Family name Locustellidae has priority over Megaluridae (Bock 1994; BOU). genera: 11 species: 67 subspecies: 93 Breeding Range: e PAL, AF, PAL, OR, AU, PO

Donacobiidae - Black-capped Donacobius
Family Donacobiidae  - Black-capped Donacobius Donacobius is related to the Old World warblers, not wrens (Troglodytidae); treated for now as a monotypic family Donacobiidae (Aleixo & Pacheco 2006; SACC 293) pending resolution of relationships to Megaluridae vs. Bernieridae (Johansson et al. 2008). genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 4 Breeding Range: MA, SA

Bernieridae - Tetrakas & Allies
Family Bernieridae  - Tetrakas & Allies Change English name from Madagascan Warblers to Tetrakas & Allies (IOC 11.1). genera: 8 species: 11 subspecies: 6 Breeding Range: AF

Cisticolidae - Cisticolas & Allies
Family Cisticolidae  - Cisticolas & Allies genera: 26 species: 168 subspecies: 472 Breeding Range: AF, PAL, OR, AU

Sylviidae - Sylviid Babblers
Family Sylviidae  - Sylviid Babblers Sylvidae and Paradoxornithidae form a major clade which is deeply diverged from the remaining families in the babbler radiation (Cai et al. 2019). genera: 2 species: 32 subspecies: 67 Breeding Range: AF, PAL

Paradoxornithidae - Parrotbills & Allies
Family Paradoxornithidae  - Parrotbills & Allies Paradoxornithidae is sister to Sylviidae but is deeply divided from it to a degree that is similar to other families in the babbler radiation. Recognize as a separate family (Cai et al. 2019). Sequence and constituent species of the entire family is based on Cai et al. (2019). Alteration of the generic taxonomy of the parrotbill group, per se, with its reduction from nine to only two genera, formerly based on Penhallurick & Robson (2009), is revised to also follow Cai et al. (2019) in 13.2. genera: 9 species: 37 subspecies: 87 Breeding Range: NA, OR, PAL

Zosteropidae - White-eyes
Family Zosteropidae  - White-eyes White-eyes constitute a major clade of babblers that includes Yuhina (Cibois et al. 2003); retain as family Zosteropidae. Sequence based on Cai et al. (2019) augmented by Moyle et al. (2009); Cox et al. (2014); Meimberg et al. (2016); Lim et al. (2018); and O'Connell et al. (2019). genera: 13 species: 150 subspecies: 197 Breeding Range: IO, PO, AF, PAL, OR, AU

Timaliidae - Babblers, Scimitar Babblers
Family Timaliidae  - Babblers, Scimitar Babblers Sequence of Timaliidae based on Cai et al. (2019). genera: 10 species: 58 subspecies: 167 Breeding Range: OR

Pellorneidae - Ground Babblers
Family Pellorneidae  - Ground Babblers Major clade of babblers treated as the family Pellorneidae (Moyle et al. 2012; Cai et al. 2018). Sequence based on Cai et al. (2019). genera: 13 species: 65 subspecies: 159 Breeding Range: AF, OR, AU

Alcippeidae - Alcippe Fulvettas
Family Alcippeidae  - Alcippe Fulvettas The fulvettas remaining in Alcippe are separated from the ground babblers (Pellorneidae) due to deep genetic divergence as a new family Alcippeidae (Moyle et al. 2012; Cai et al. 2019). genera: 1 species: 10 subspecies: 23 Breeding Range: OR

Leiothrichidae - Laughingthrushes & Allies
Family Leiothrichidae  - Laughingthrushes & Allies Revised classification (9.1) of family Leiothrichidae follows Cibois et al. (2018). Sequence follows Cai et al. (2019). genera: 16 species: 133 subspecies: 265 Breeding Range: AF, PAL, OR

Modulatricidae - Dapple-throat & Allies
Family Modulatricidae  - Dapple-throat & Allies Promeropidae and Arcanatoridae are basal branches that each go further back in time than almost any other extant lineage in the Passerida. Best to treat as two families pending confirmation of their sister relationship (Johansson et al. 2008a; Fjeldså 2012). Modulatricidae has priority over Arcanatoridae. genera: 3 species: 3 subspecies: 3 Breeding Range: AF

Promeropidae - Sugarbirds
Family Promeropidae  - Sugarbirds genera: 1 species: 2 subspecies: 2 Breeding Range: AF

Irenidae - Fairy-bluebirds
Family Irenidae  - Fairy-bluebirds genera: 1 species: 3 subspecies: 10 Breeding Range: OR

Regulidae - Goldcrests, Kinglets
Family Regulidae  - Goldcrests, Kinglets Linear sequence of Regulidae is based on Päckert et al. (2009). genera: 2 species: 6 subspecies: 26 Breeding Range: PAL, MA, OR, NA

Elachuridae - Elachura
Family Elachuridae  - Elachura Elachura formosa is a relict lineage of passerine birds not related to babblers (Alström et al. 2014). Assigned to a new monotypic family Elachuridae. genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: OR

Hyliotidae - Hyliotas
Family Hyliotidae  - Hyliotas Move Hyliotas from the Sylviidae to their own family Hyliotidae, a basal lineage of the Passerida without known modern relatives (Fuchs et al. 2006; TOL). genera: 1 species: 4 subspecies: 7 Breeding Range: AF

Troglodytidae - Wrens
Family Troglodytidae  - Wrens genera: 19 species: 88 subspecies: 366 Breeding Range: MA, PAL, NA, SA

Polioptilidae - Gnatcatchers
Family Polioptilidae  - Gnatcatchers See Smith et al. (2018) for robust phylogeny of gnatcatcher species. genera: 3 species: 21 subspecies: 60 Breeding Range: MA, SA, NA

Sittidae - Nuthatches
Family Sittidae  - Nuthatches Sequence follows Päckert et al. (2020). genera: 1 species: 29 subspecies: 70 Breeding Range: MA, NA, AF, OR, PAL

Tichodromidae - Wallcreeper
Family Tichodromidae  - Wallcreeper genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 2 Breeding Range: PAL

Certhiidae - Treecreepers
Family Certhiidae  - Treecreepers genera: 2 species: 11 subspecies: 45 Breeding Range: PAL, MA, OR, NA, AF

Mimidae - Mockingbirds, Thrashers
Family Mimidae  - Mockingbirds, Thrashers genera: 10 species: 34 subspecies: 70 Breeding Range: MA, NA, SA

Sturnidae - Starlings, Rhabdornises
Family Sturnidae  - Starlings, Rhabdornises Includes major revisions of genera by Lovette et al. (2008); Zuccon et al. (2008). genera: 36 species: 128 subspecies: 150 Breeding Range: IO, PO, AF, PAL, OR, AU

Buphagidae - Oxpeckers
Family Buphagidae  - Oxpeckers Separate the oxpeckers from the Sturnidae to the Buphagidae; they are sister to the starlings (Sturnidae) and mockingbirds (Mimidae) (Lovette & Rubenstein 2007). genera: 1 species: 2 subspecies: 2 Breeding Range: AF

Turdidae - Thrushes
Family Turdidae  - Thrushes The sequence of taxa within Turdidae is based primarily on Fjeldså et al. (2020) based on phylogenetic data in Outlaw et al. (2003), Klicka et al. (2005), Miller et al. (2007), Nylander et al. (2010), Voelker & Klicka (2008), Voelker & Outlaw (2008), Sangster et al. (2010), and Olsson & Alström (2013). The sequence of species with Turdus is further refined from phylogenetic data in Cerqueira et al. (2016), Nagy et al. (2019) and Batista et al. (2019). genera: 17 species: 175 subspecies: 386 Breeding Range: PO, SA, MA, AO, AF, PAL, NA, OR, AU

Muscicapidae - Chats, Old World Flycatchers
Family Muscicapidae  - Chats, Old World Flycatchers See Sangster et al. (2010); Zuccon & Ericson (2010); Voelker et al 2016; Zhao M et al. 2023 for revisions of Muscicapidae. Sequence of species within Muscicapidae is based on the phylogenetic analysis of Zhao M et al. (2023). genera: 54 species: 351 subspecies: 617 Breeding Range: IO, AF, PAL, OR, AU

Cinclidae - Dippers
Family Cinclidae  - Dippers genera: 1 species: 5 subspecies: 25 Breeding Range: PAL, MA, SA, NA

Chloropseidae - Leafbirds
Family Chloropseidae  - Leafbirds genera: 1 species: 12 subspecies: 20 Breeding Range: OR

Dicaeidae - Flowerpeckers
Family Dicaeidae  - Flowerpeckers genera: 2 species: 50 subspecies: 122 Breeding Range: OR, AU

Nectariniidae - Sunbirds
Family Nectariniidae  - Sunbirds genera: 16 species: 146 subspecies: 319 Breeding Range: IO, AF, PAL, OR, AU

Passeridae - Old World Sparrows, Snowfinches
Family Passeridae  - Old World Sparrows, Snowfinches The linear sequence of Passeridae is based on Päckert et al. (2021) and Fjeldså et al. (2020). genera: 8 species: 43 subspecies: 79 Breeding Range: AF, PAL, OR

Ploceidae - Weavers, Widowbirds
Family Ploceidae  - Weavers, Widowbirds genera: 15 species: 122 subspecies: 161 Breeding Range: IO, AF, OR

Estrildidae - Waxbills, Munias & Allies
Family Estrildidae  - Waxbills, Munias & Allies Sequence of Estrildidae is primarliy based on Olsson & Alström (2020). genera: 41 species: 140 subspecies: 242 Breeding Range: PO, AF, PAL, OR, AU

Viduidae - Indigobirds, Whydahs
Family Viduidae  - Indigobirds, Whydahs genera: 2 species: 20 subspecies: 10 Breeding Range: AF

Peucedramidae - Olive Warbler
Family Peucedramidae  - Olive Warbler Olive Warbler Peucedramus of New World most closely related to accentors [Prunellidae] (Ericson & Johansson 2003; Jønsson & Fjeldså 2006). genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 5 Breeding Range: MA, NA

Prunellidae - Accentors
Family Prunellidae  - Accentors genera: 1 species: 12 subspecies: 31 Breeding Range: PAL, OR

Motacillidae - Wagtails, Pipits
Family Motacillidae  - Wagtails, Pipits genera: 5 species: 69 subspecies: 156 Breeding Range: AO, AF, PAL, NA, OR, AU, SA

Urocynchramidae - Przevalski's Finch
Family Urocynchramidae  - Przevalski's Finch genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: OR

Fringillidae - Finches, Euphonias
Family Fringillidae  - Finches, Euphonias Classification of Fringillidae revised for v3.3; see especially Zuccon et al. (2012). genera: 50 species: 240 subspecies: 379 Breeding Range: PO, SA, MA, AO, AF, PAL, NA, OR, AU

Calcariidae - Longspurs, Snow Buntings
Family Calcariidae  - Longspurs, Snow Buntings Move longspurs Calcarius and snow buntings Plectrophenax from Emberizidae to their own family Calcariidae (Alström et al. 2008). genera: 3 species: 6 subspecies: 9 Breeding Range: PAL, NA

Rhodinocichlidae - Thrush-tanager
Family Rhodinocichlidae  - Thrush-tanager Move Rhodinocichla from Thraupidae to a new monotypic family Rhodinocichlidae, which follows Calcariidae (Barker et al. 2013, 2015; NACC 2017-B-6). ENG [8.1] = lower case 'tanager'. genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 5 Breeding Range: MA, SA

Emberizidae - Buntings
Family Emberizidae  - Buntings genera: 1 species: 44 subspecies: 97 Breeding Range: AF, PAL, OR

Passerellidae - New World Sparrows
Family Passerellidae  - New World Sparrows Separate New World Sparrows from Old World Buntings into new family Passerellidae (Barker et al. 2013, 2015; NACC 2017-B-6). genera: 30 species: 138 subspecies: 419 Breeding Range: SA, MA, NA

Calyptophilidae - Chat-tanagers
Family Calyptophilidae  - Chat-tanagers Move Chat-tanagers from Thraupidae to new family Calyptophilidae, which follows Passerellidae (Barker et al. 2013, 2015; NACC 2017-B-6). genera: 1 species: 2 subspecies: 3 Breeding Range: NA

Phaenicophilidae - Hispaniolan Tanagers
Family Phaenicophilidae  - Hispaniolan Tanagers Move Hispaniolan tanagers from Thraupidae to a new family Phaenicophilidae, which follows Calyptophilidae and which includes Microligea and Xenoligea (Barker et al. 2013, 2015; NACC 2017-B-6). genera: 3 species: 4 subspecies: 5 Breeding Range: NA

Nesospingidae - Puerto Rican Tanager
Family Nesospingidae  - Puerto Rican Tanager Move Puerto Rican Tanager from Thraupidae to new monotypic family Nesospingidae, which follows Phaenicophilidae (Barker et al. 2013, 2015; NACC 2017-B-6). genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: NA

Spindalidae - Spindalises
Family Spindalidae  - Spindalises Move Spindalises from Thraupidae to new family Spindalidae, which follows Nesospingidae (Barker et al. 2013, 2015; NACC 2017-B-6). genera: 1 species: 4 subspecies: 5 Breeding Range: NA

Zeledoniidae - Wrenthrush
Family Zeledoniidae  - Wrenthrush Move Wrenthrush from Incertae sedis to new monotypic family Zeledonidae that follows Spindalidae (Barker et al. 2013, 2015; NACC 2017-B-6). genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 0 Breeding Range: MA

Teretistridae - Cuban Warblers
Family Teretistridae  - Cuban Warblers Move Cuban Warblers from Incertae sedis to new family Teretristidae that follows Zeledonidae (Barker et al. 2013, 2015; NACC 2017-B-6). genera: 1 species: 2 subspecies: 2 Breeding Range: NA

Icteriidae - Yellow-breasted Chat
Family Icteriidae  - Yellow-breasted Chat Move Yellow-breasted Chat from Incertae sedis to new monotypic family Icteriidae which follows Teretristidae (Barker et al. 2013, 2015; NACC 2017-B-6). Note spelling of Icteriidae with double "i", versus Icteridae (orioles, oropendolas, etc.). genera: 1 species: 1 subspecies: 2 Breeding Range: MA, NA

Icteridae - Oropendolas, New World Orioles, Blackbirds
Family Icteridae  - Oropendolas, New World Orioles, Blackbirds Icteridae classification follows Powell et al. (2014). genera: 30 species: 108 subspecies: 208 Breeding Range: MA, NA, SA

Parulidae - New World Warblers
Family Parulidae  - New World Warblers Genera and species sequences follow Lovette et al. (2010) and AOU/NACC 2011 (supplement). genera: 18 species: 120 subspecies: 238 Breeding Range: SA, MA, NA

Mitrospingidae - Mitrospingid Tanagers
Family Mitrospingidae  - Mitrospingid Tanagers Move Mitrospingus from Thraupidae to new family Mitrospingidae which includes Olive-green Tanager Orthogonys and Red-billed Pied Tanager Lamprospiza. Family follows Parulidae (Barker et al. 2013; NACC 2017-B-6). genera: 3 species: 4 subspecies: 4 Breeding Range: MA, SA

Cardinalidae - Cardinals & Allies
Family Cardinalidae  - Cardinals & Allies genera: 13 species: 53 subspecies: 133 Breeding Range: MA, NA, SA

Thraupidae - Tanagers & Allies
Family Thraupidae  - Tanagers & Allies Tanagers (Thraupidae) are moved to the end of the sequence of 9-primaried oscine families (NACC). Sequence generally based on Burns et al. (2016). genera: 107 species: 392 subspecies: 728 Breeding Range: SA, MA, AO, NA