1844–45 United States House of Representatives elections

The 1844–45 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between July 1, 1844, and November 4, 1845. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives. 224 elected members representing 27 states took their seats when the first session of the 29th United States Congress convened on December 1, 1845. The new state of Florida elected its first representative during this election cycle, while one vacancy in New Hampshire's delegation remained unfilled for the duration of the 29th Congress.

The House elections spanned the 1844 presidential election, won by dark horse Democratic candidate James K. Polk, who advocated territorial expansion.

Democrats lost six seats but retained a large majority over the rival Whigs. The new American Party, based on the nativist "Know Nothing" movement characterized by opposition to immigration and anti-Catholicism, gained six seats.

Election summaries
One seat was added for the new State of Florida. Texas and Iowa were admitted during this next Congress, but their initial elections were held in 1846.

Special elections

 * LA's 4th congressional district

Alabama
Elections were held August 4, 1845, after the March 4, 1845 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1845.

! AL's 1st congressional district

! AL's 2nd congressional district

! AL's 3rd congressional district

! AL's 4th congressional district

! AL's 5th congressional district

! AL's 6th congressional district

! AL's 7th congressional district


 * }

Arkansas
The election was held October 8, 1844.

! AR At-large
 * Edward Cross
 * | Democratic
 * 1838
 * | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.
 * nowrap | ✅ Archibald Yell (Democratic) 59.3%

David Walker (Whig) 40.1%

Lewis B. Tully (Independent) 0.6%
 * }

Connecticut
Elections were held April 7, 1845, after the March 4, 1845 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1845.

! CT's 1st congressional district

! CT's 2nd congressional district

! CT's 3rd congressional district

! CT's 4th congressional district


 * }

Delaware
The election was held November 12, 1844.

! DE At-large
 * George B. Rodney
 * | Whig
 * [[1842 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware|1840
 * | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Whig hold.]]
 * nowrap | ✅ John W. Houston (Whig) 50.8%

✅ George R. Riddle (Democratic) 49.2%
 * }

Florida
The election was held May 26, 1845.

! FL At-large
 * colspan=3 | None (New state)
 * | New seat. New member elected late on May 26, 1845. Democratic gain. Winner did not serve, having also been elected U.S. senator.
 * nowrap |

✅ David Levy Yulee (Democratic) 60.3

Benjamin A. Putnam (Whig) 39.7%


 * }

Georgia
Elections were held August 7, 1844.

! GA's 1st congressional district

! GA's 2nd congressional district

! GA's 3rd congressional district
 * Absalom H. Chappell Redistricted from the GA's at-large congressional district
 * | Democratic
 * 1842
 * | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Whig gain.
 * nowrap | ✅ Washington Poe (Whig) 50.73%

Absalom H. Chappell (Democratic) 49.27%

! GA's 4th congressional district
 * Hugh A. Haralson Redistricted from the GA's at-large congressional district
 * | Democratic
 * 1842
 * Incumbent re-elected.
 * nowrap | ✅ Hugh A. Haralson (Democratic)

! rowspan=2 | GA's 5th congressional district
 * John H. Lumpkin Redistricted from the GA's at-large congressional district
 * | Democratic
 * 1842
 * Incumbent re-elected.
 * rowspan=2 nowrap | ✅ John H. Lumpkin (Democratic)


 * William H. Stiles Redistricted from the GA's at-large congressional district
 * | Democratic
 * 1842
 * | Incumbent retired. Democratic loss.
 * | Incumbent retired. Democratic loss.

! GA's 6th congressional district
 * Howell Cobb Redistricted from the GA's at-large congressional district
 * | Democratic
 * 1842
 * Incumbent re-elected.
 * nowrap | ✅ Howell Cobb (Democratic)

! GA's 7th congressional district
 * Alexander H. Stephens Redistricted from the GA's at-large congressional district
 * | Whig
 * 1843 (special)
 * Incumbent re-elected.
 * nowrap | ✅ Alexander H. Stephens (Whig)

! GA's 8th congressional district
 * Edward J. Black Redistricted from the GA's at-large congressional district
 * | Democratic
 * 1838 1840 (lost) 1841 (special)
 * | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Whig gain.
 * nowrap | ✅ Robert Toombs (Whig) 58.50%

Edward J. Black (Democratic) 41.50%


 * }

Illinois
Elections were held August 5, 1844.

! IL's 1st congressional district

! IL's 2nd congressional district

! IL's 3rd congressional district

! IL's 4th congressional district

! IL's 5th congressional district

! IL's 6th congressional district

! IL's 7th congressional district


 * }

Indiana
Elections were held August 4, 1845, after the March 4, 1845 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1845.

! IN's 1st congressional district

! IN's 2nd congressional district

! IN's 3rd congressional district

! IN's 4th congressional district

! IN's 5th congressional district

! IN's 6th congressional district

! IN's 7th congressional district

! IN's 8th congressional district

! IN's 9th congressional district

! IN's 10th congressional district


 * }

Iowa Territory
See Non-voting delegates, below.

Kentucky
Elections were held August 4, 1845, after the March 4, 1845 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1845.

! KY's 1st congressional district

! KY's 2nd congressional district

! KY's 3rd congressional district

! KY's 4th congressional district

! KY's 5th congressional district

! KY's 6th congressional district

! KY's 7th congressional district

! KY's 8th congressional district

! KY's 9th congressional district

! KY's 10th congressional district


 * }

Louisiana
Elections were held July 1–3, 1844.

! LA's 1st congressional district

! LA's 2nd congressional district

! LA's 3rd congressional district

! LA's 4th congressional district


 * }

Maine
Elections were held September 9, 1844.

! ME's 1st congressional district

! ME's 2nd congressional district

! ME's 3rd congressional district

! ME's 4th congressional district

! ME's 5th congressional district

! ME's 6th congressional district

! ME's 7th congressional district


 * }

Late elections to the 28th Congress
Maryland elected its members to the 28th Congress on February 14, 1844, after that Congress had already convened in 1843 and long after the 1842–1843 election cycle.

! MD's 1st congressional district
 * Isaac D. Jones
 * | Whig
 * 1841
 * | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. New member elected. Whig hold.
 * nowrap | ✅ John Causin (Whig) 57.94%

Walter Bowie (Democratic) 42.06%

! MD's 2nd congressional district

! MD's 3rd congressional district

! MD's 4th congressional district

! MD's 5th congressional district

! MD's 6th congressional district


 * }

Regular elections to the 29th Congress
Maryland's October 1, 1845 elections were after the March 4, 1845 beginning of the new term, but still before the Congress convened in December 1845.

! MD's 1st congressional district
 * John Causin
 * | Whig
 * 1844
 * | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. New member elected. Whig hold.
 * nowrap | ✅ John Grant Chapman (Whig) 52.18%

Henry G. Kay (Democratic) 47.82%

! MD's 2nd congressional district

! MD's 3rd congressional district

! MD's 4th congressional district

! MD's 5th congressional district

! MD's 6th congressional district


 * }

Massachusetts
Elections were held November 11, 1844. At least one district, however, had multiple ballots stretching into 1846.

! MA's 1st congressional district

! MA's 2nd congressional district

! MA's 3rd congressional district

! MA's 4th congressional district
 * William Parmenter
 * | Democratic
 * 1836
 * | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected on the second ballot. Whig gain.
 * nowrap | First ballot (November 11, 1844): Benjamin Thompson (Whig) 45.78%

William Parmenter (Democratic) 44.52%

Thomas M. Ward (Liberty) 8.55%

Abraham R. Thompson (Unknown) 1.15% Second ballot (December 23, 1844): ✅ Benjamin Thompson (Whig) 51.71%

William Parmenter (Democratic) 43.23%

Thomas M. Ward (Liberty) 5.06%

! MA's 5th congressional district

! MA's 6th congressional district

! MA's 7th congressional district
 * Julius Rockwell
 * | Whig
 * 1844 (late)
 * Incumbent re-elected.
 * nowrap | ✅ Julius Rockwell (Whig) 51.62%

Increase Sumner (Democratic) 39.92%

Joel Hayden (Liberty) 7.40%

Caleb Bennett (Unknown) 1.07%

! MA's 8th congressional district
 * John Quincy Adams
 * | Whig
 * 1830
 * Incumbent re-elected.
 * nowrap | ✅ John Quincy Adams (Whig) 57.12%

Isaac H. Wright (Democratic) 37.71%

Appleton Howe (Liberty) 5.18%

! MA's 9th congressional district
 * Henry Williams
 * | Democratic
 * 1836
 * | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected on the ninth ballot. Whig gain.
 * nowrap | First ballot (November 11, 1844): Henry Williams (Democratic) 44.52%

Artemas Hale (Whig) 45.78%

Laban M. Wheaton (Liberty) 8.55%

Job Terry (Know Nothing) 1.15%

Second ballot (December 23, 1844): Artemas Hale (Whig) 46.55%

Henry Williams (Democratic) 46.18%

Caleb Swan (Liberty) 7.27%

Third ballot (February 10, 1845): Henry Williams (Democratic) 46.60%

Artemas Hale (Whig) 46.21%

Caleb Swan (Liberty) 7.19%

Fourth ballot (April 28, 1845): Henry Williams (Democratic) 47.13%

Artemas Hale (Whig) 43.66%

Caleb Swan (Liberty) 7.93%

Job Terry (Know Nothing) 1.28%

Fifth ballot (September 1, 1845): Artemas Hale (Whig) 44.48%

Henry Williams (Democratic) 43.43%

Laban M. Wheaton (Liberty) 9.40%

Job Terry (Know Nothing) 2.69%

Sixth ballot (November 10, 1845): Peter H. Pierce (Democratic) 44.17%

Artemas Hale (Whig) 42.90%

Laban M. Wheaton (Liberty) 9.32%

Job Terry (Know Nothing) 3.62%

Seventh ballot (December 29, 1845): Artemas Hale (Whig) 45.40%

Peter H. Pierce (Democratic) 44.45%

Laban M. Wheaton (Liberty) 8.66%

Job Terry (Know Nothing) 1.49%

Eighth ballot (February 2, 1846): Artemas Hale (Whig) 44.39%

Peter H. Pierce (Democratic) 47.31%

Laban M. Wheaton (Liberty) 7.43%

Ninth ballot (November 9, 1846): ✅ Artemas Hale (Whig) 50.64%

Foster Hooper (Democratic) 37.34%

Laban M. Wheaton (Liberty) 10.35%

Job Terry (Know Nothing) 1.67%

! MA's 10th congressional district


 * }

Michigan
Elections were held November 5, 1844.

! MI's 1st congressional district
 * Robert McClelland
 * 1843
 * Incumbent re-elected.
 * nowrap | ✅ Robert McClelland (Democratic) 51.2%
 * nowrap | ✅ Robert McClelland (Democratic) 51.2%

Edwin Lawrence (Whig) 43.9%

Charles H. Stewart (Liberty) 4.9%

! MI's 2nd congressional district
 * Lucius Lyon
 * 1843
 * | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.
 * nowrap | ✅ John S. Chipman (Democratic) 48.0%
 * nowrap | ✅ John S. Chipman (Democratic) 48.0%

Henry W. Taylor (Whig) 45.7%

Edwin A. Atlee (Liberty) 6.3%

! MI's 3rd congressional district
 * James B. Hunt
 * 1843
 * Incumbent re-elected.
 * nowrap | ✅ James B. Hunt (Democratic) 51.3%
 * nowrap | ✅ James B. Hunt (Democratic) 51.3%

George W. Wisner (Whig) 42.9%

William Caulfield (Liberty) 5.8%


 * }

Mississippi
Elections were held November 3–4, 1845, after the March 4, 1845 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1845.

! rowspan=4 | MS At-large (4 seats)
 * Jacob Thompson
 * | Democratic
 * 1839
 * Incumbent re-elected.
 * nowrap rowspan=4 |

✅ Jacob Thompson (Democratic) 16.81%

✅ Jefferson Davis (Democratic) 16.63%

✅ Stephen Adams (Democratic) 16.42%

✅ Robert W. Roberts (Democratic) 16.17%

Patrick W. Tompkins (Whig) 11.05%

Peter B. Starke (Whig) 10.64%

Walker Brooke (Whig) 10.40%

Scattering 1.89%


 * William H. Hammett
 * | Democratic
 * 1843
 * | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.
 * Robert W. Roberts
 * | Democratic
 * 1843
 * Incumbent re-elected.
 * Tilghman Tucker
 * | Democratic
 * 1843
 * | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.
 * }
 * 1843
 * | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.
 * }

Missouri
Elections were held at-large on a general ticket August 5, 1844.

! rowspan=5 | MO At-large 5 seats
 * rowspan=5 nowrap | (Elected on a general ticket)✅ John S. Phelps (Democratic) 12.02%
 * rowspan=5 nowrap | (Elected on a general ticket)✅ John S. Phelps (Democratic) 12.02%
 * rowspan=5 nowrap | (Elected on a general ticket)✅ John S. Phelps (Democratic) 12.02%
 * rowspan=5 nowrap | (Elected on a general ticket)✅ John S. Phelps (Democratic) 12.02%
 * rowspan=5 nowrap | (Elected on a general ticket)✅ John S. Phelps (Democratic) 12.02%

✅ James B. Bowlin (Democratic) 11.84%

✅ James H. Relfe (Democratic) 11.84%

✅ Sterling Price (Democratic) 11.72%

✅ Leonard H. Sims (Democratic) 9.43%

Thomas B. Hudson (Whig) 9.43%

John Thornton (Whig) 9.24%

Ratliff Boon (Whig) 9.10%

Augustus Jones (Whig) 9.09%

D. C. Parsons (Democratic) 6.29%


 * }
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New Hampshire
Elections were held at-large on a general ticket March 11, 1845, after the March 4, 1845 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1845.

! rowspan=4 | NH At-large 4 seats
 * Edmund Burke
 * | Democratic
 * 1839
 * | Incumbent retired. New member (Moulton) elected. Democratic hold.
 * rowspan=4 nowrap | (Elected on a general ticket) First ballot (March 11, 1845): ✅ Mace Moulton (Democratic) 13.53%

✅ James Hutchins Johnson (Democratic) 13.49%

✅ Moses Norris Jr. (Democratic) 13.19%

John Woodbury (Democratic) 12.12%

Thomas M. Edwards (Whig) 8.25%

George W. Nesmith (Whig) 8.24%

Ichabod Goodwin (Whig) 8.17%

Joseph Sawyer (Whig) 7.63%

John P. Hale (Independent) 4.23%

Reuben Porter (Liberty) 2.86%

Humphrey Moore (Liberty) 2.73%

Joseph Cilley (Liberty) 2.62%

Jacob Perkins (Liberty) 2.37% Second ballot (August 23, 1845): John Woodbury (Democratic) 48.42%

Ichabod Goodwin (Whig) 28.18%

John P. Hale (Independent) 23.39% Third ballot (November 29, 1845): John Woodbury (Democratic) 47.57%

Ichabod Goodwin (Whig) 29.11%

John P. Hale (Independent) 23.33% Fourth ballot (March 10, 1846): John Woodbury (Democratic) 48.82%

Ichabod Goodwin (Whig) 30.28%

John P. Hale (Independent) 20.90%


 * John Randall Reding
 * | Democratic
 * 1841
 * | Incumbent retired. New member (Johnson) elected. Democratic hold.
 * | Incumbent retired. New member (Johnson) elected. Democratic hold.


 * Moses Norris Jr.
 * | Democratic
 * 1843
 * Incumbent re-elected.
 * Incumbent re-elected.


 * John P. Hale
 * | Democratic
 * 1843
 * | No candidate elected on the fourth ballot; seat vacant. Democratic loss.
 * | No candidate elected on the fourth ballot; seat vacant. Democratic loss.


 * }

New Jersey
Elections were held October 9, 1844.

! NJ's 1st congressional district

! NJ's 2nd congressional district

! NJ's 3rd congressional district

! NJ's 4th congressional district

! NJ's 5th congressional district


 * }

New York
Elections were held November 11, 1844.

! NY's 1st congressional district

! NY's 2nd congressional district

! NY's 3rd congressional district

! NY's 4th congressional district

! NY's 5th congressional district

! NY's 6th congressional district

! NY's 7th congressional district

! NY's 8th congressional district

! NY's 9th congressional district

! NY's 10th congressional district

! NY's 11th congressional district

! NY's 12th congressional district

! NY's 13th congressional district

! NY's 14th congressional district

! NY's 15th congressional district

! NY's 16th congressional district

! NY's 17th congressional district

! NY's 18th congressional district

! NY's 19th congressional district

! NY's 20th congressional district

! NY's 21st congressional district

! NY's 22nd congressional district

! NY's 23rd congressional district

! NY's 24th congressional district

! NY's 25th congressional district

! NY's 26th congressional district

! NY's 27th congressional district

! NY's 28th congressional district

! NY's 29th congressional district

! NY's 30th congressional district

! NY's 31st congressional district

! NY's 32nd congressional district

! NY's 33rd congressional district

! NY's 34th congressional district


 * }

North Carolina
Elections were held August 7, 1845, after the March 4, 1845 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1845.

! NC's 1st congressional district

! NC's 2nd congressional district

! NC's 3rd congressional district

! NC's 4th congressional district

! NC's 5th congressional district

! NC's 6th congressional district

! NC's 7th congressional district

! NC's 8th congressional district

! NC's 9th congressional district


 * }

Ohio
Elections were held October 8, 1844.

! OH's 1st congressional district

! OH's 2nd congressional district

! OH's 3rd congressional district

! OH's 4th congressional district

! OH's 5th congressional district

! OH's 6th congressional district

! OH's 7th congressional district

! OH's 8th congressional district

! OH's 9th congressional district

! OH's 10th congressional district

! OH's 11th congressional district

! OH's 12th congressional district

! OH's 13th congressional district

! OH's 14th congressional district

! OH's 15th congressional district

! OH's 16th congressional district

! OH's 17th congressional district

! OH's 18th congressional district

! OH's 19th congressional district

! OH's 20th congressional district

! OH's 21st congressional district


 * }

Pennsylvania
Elections were held October 8, 1844.

! PA's 1st congressional district

! PA's 2nd congressional district

! PA's 3rd congressional district

! PA's 4th congressional district

! PA's 5th congressional district

! PA's 6th congressional district

! PA's 7th congressional district

! PA's 8th congressional district

! PA's 9th congressional district

! PA's 10th congressional district

! PA's 11th congressional district

! PA's 12th congressional district

! PA's 13th congressional district

! PA's 14th congressional district

! PA's 15th congressional district

! PA's 16th congressional district

! PA's 17th congressional district

! PA's 18th congressional district

! PA's 19th congressional district

! PA's 20th congressional district

! PA's 21st congressional district

! PA's 22nd congressional district

! PA's 23rd congressional district

! PA's 24th congressional district


 * }

Rhode Island
Elections were held April 2, 1845, after the March 4, 1845 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1845.

! RI's 1st congressional district

! RI's 2nd congressional district


 * }

South Carolina
Elections were held October 14–15, 1844.

! SC's 1st congressional district

! SC's 2nd congressional district

! SC's 3rd congressional district

! SC's 4th congressional district

! SC's 5th congressional district

! SC's 6th congressional district

! SC's 7th congressional district


 * }

Tennessee
Elections were held August 7, 1845.

! TN's 1st congressional district
 * Andrew Johnson
 * | Democratic
 * 1842
 * Incumbent re-elected.
 * nowrap |

✅ Andrew Johnson (Democratic) 56.27%

William B. Brownlow (Whig) 43.73%

! TN's 2nd congressional district
 * William T. Senter
 * | Whig
 * 1842
 * |Incumbent retired. New member elected. Whig hold.
 * nowrap |

✅ William M. Cocke (Whig) 45.03%

George S. Gilbert (Democratic) 35.63%

Lewis Reneau (Independent Whig) 19.34%

! TN's 3rd congressional district
 * Julius W. Blackwell
 * | Democratic
 * 1842
 * |Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Whig gain.
 * nowrap |

✅ John H. Crozier (Whig) 51.41%

Julius W. Blackwell (Democratic) 48.59%

! TN's 4th congressional district
 * Alvan Cullom
 * | Democratic
 * 1842
 * Incumbent re-elected.
 * nowrap |

✅ Alvan Cullom (Democratic) 93.06%

Isaac Clendenon (Unknown) 6.94%

! TN's 5th congressional district
 * George W. Jones
 * | Democratic
 * 1842
 * Incumbent re-elected.
 * nowrap |

✅ George W. Jones (Democratic) 100%

! TN's 6th congressional district
 * Aaron V. Brown
 * | Democratic
 * 1839
 * |Incumbent retired to run for Governor. New member elected. Democratic hold.
 * nowrap |

✅ Barclay Martin (Democratic) 57.93%

William D. Kindrick (Whig) 42.07%

! TN's 7th congressional district
 * David W. Dickinson
 * | Whig
 * 1842
 * |Incumbent retired. New member elected. Whig hold.
 * nowrap |

✅ Meredith P. Gentry (Whig) 67.94%

Charles L. Nelson (Democratic) 32.06%

! TN's 8th congressional district
 * Joseph H. Peyton
 * | Whig
 * 1842
 * Incumbent re-elected.
 * nowrap |

✅ Joseph H. Peyton (Whig) 55.33%

William Trousdale (Democratic) 44.67%

! TN's 9th congressional district
 * Cave Johnson
 * | Democratic
 * 1839
 * |Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.
 * nowrap | ✅ Lucien B. Chase (Democratic) 57.56%

John J. Mathewson (Whig) 42.44%

! TN's 10th congressional district
 * John B. Ashe
 * | Whig
 * 1842
 * |Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain.
 * nowrap |

✅ Frederick P. Stanton (Democratic) 52.76%

Phineas T. Scruggs (Whig) 47.24%

! TN's 11th congressional district
 * Milton Brown
 * | Whig
 * 1841
 * Incumbent re-elected.
 * nowrap |

✅ Milton Brown (Whig) 60.96%

Nelson Hess (Democratic) 39.04%


 * }

Vermont
Elections were held September 3, 1844.

! VT's 1st congressional district

! VT's 2nd congressional district

! VT's 3rd congressional district

! VT's 4th congressional district


 * }

Virginia
Elections were held April 24, 1845, after the March 4, 1845 beginning of the term, but before the House first convened in December 1845.

! VA's 1st congressional district

! VA's 2nd congressional district

! VA's 3rd congressional district

! VA's 4th congressional district

! VA's 5th congressional district

! VA's 6th congressional district

! VA's 7th congressional district

! VA's 8th congressional district

! VA's 9th congressional district

! VA's 10th congressional district

! VA's 11th congressional district

! VA's 12th congressional district

! VA's 13th congressional district

! VA's 14th congressional district

! VA's 15th congressional district


 * }

Wisconsin Territory
See Non-voting delegates, below.

Non-voting delegates
! Iowa Territory At-large
 * Augustus C. Dodge
 * | Democratic
 * 1840
 * Incumbent re-elected.
 * nowrap | ✅ Augustus C. Dodge (Democratic)

! Wisconsin Territory At-large
 * Henry Dodge
 * | Democratic
 * 1840
 * | Incumbent retired to become territorial governor of Wisconsin. New delegate elected on an unknown date. Democratic hold.
 * nowrap | ✅ Morgan L. Martin (Democratic)


 * }