Boran languages

Boran (also known as Bora–Muinane, Bora–Muiname, Bóran, Miranyan, Miranya, Bórano) is a small language family, consisting of just two languages.

Languages
The two Boran languages are:


 * Boran
 * Bora (a.k.a. Bora–Miranya, Boro, Meamuyna) of western Brazil (Amazonas State)
 * Muinane (a.k.a. Bora Muinane, Muinane Bora, Muinani, Muename) of southwestern Colombia (Amazonas Department)

Loukotka (1968) also lists Nonuya, spoken at the sources of the Cahuinari River, as a Boran language. Only a few words were documented.

Synonymy note:


 * The name Muiname has been used to refer to the Muinane language (Bora Muinane) of the Boran family and also to the Nipode language (Witoto Muinane) of the Witotoan family.

Genetic relations
Aschmann (1993) proposed that the Boran and Witotoan language families were related, in a Bora–Witoto stock. Echeverri & Seifart (2016) refute the connection.

Language contact
Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with the Choko, Guahibo, Tukano, Witoto-Okaina, Yaruro, Arawak, and Tupi language families due to contact in the Caquetá River basin region.

An automated computational analysis (ASJP 4) by Müller et al. (2013) found lexical similarities with Arawakan (especially the Resigaro language in particular) due to contact.

Vocabulary
Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items.


 * {| class="wikitable sortable"

! gloss !! Bora !! Imihitä !! Muinane ! one ! two ! head ! eye ! tooth ! man ! water ! fire ! sun ! maize ! jaguar
 * dzonére || tenétogüné || sánótro
 * miniékeʔe || mibákö || minóke
 * mée-níguoe || mé-eníkoae || nígai
 * ma-ádzik || ma-átxe || adíge
 * mée-goaxé || me-kuáxe || ígaino
 * guáxpi || koaxpí || gáife
 * néspakio || nögʔbögʔkó || negfuáyu
 * köxögua || kixúgua || köxögai
 * nöʔögbwa || nöxbá || neʔegbua
 * öxeʔe || öxehu || bédya
 * oíbe || ouíbe || höku
 * }

Proto-language
Proto-Bora–Muinane reconstructions by Seifart and Echeverri (2015):