Wagaydyic languages

The Wagaydyic languages (nowadays more often referred to as the Anson Bay languages ) are a pair of closely related but otherwise unclassified Australian Aboriginal languages: the moribund Wadjiginy (also known as Wagaydy and Batjamalh) and the extinct Kandjerramalh (Pungupungu).

Tryon (1980) notes that the two languages are 79% cognate based on a 200-item wordlist, but there are serious grammatical differences that prevent them from being considered dialects of a single language.

The unattested Giyug may have been a dialect of Wadjiginy or otherwise related.

The Wagaydyic languages have previously been classified with Malak-Malak into a Northern Daly family, but similarities appear to be due to lexical and morphological borrowing from Malak-Malak, at least in Wadjiginy.

Vocabulary
The following basic vocabulary items of Wadjiginy and Pungupungu are from Tryon (1968).


 * {| class="wikitable sortable"

! no. !! gloss !! Wadjiginy !! Pungupungu
 * 1 || head || biǰæ || pœǰæ
 * 2 || hair || mæræbiǰæ || mæræpœǰæ
 * 3 || eyes || mibæ || mibæ
 * 4 || nose || wiǰa || wuǰæ
 * 5 || ear || bibara || pibæræ
 * 6 || tooth || diRæ || diRæ
 * 7 || tongue || ŋadal || ŋadal
 * 8 || shoulder || čælmæ || čælmæ
 * 9 || elbow || čin || čin
 * 10 || hand || ŋælæ || ŋælæ
 * 11 || breasts || wiŋ || wïŋ
 * 12 || back || bæbæra || raɲ
 * 13 || belly || dawara || wunæ
 * 14 || navel || ǰœrač || čœrač
 * 15 || heart || čœnmanaǰ || dœpmadœpma
 * 16 || urine || kæwælæč || kawalač
 * 17 || excrete || guk || kuk
 * 18 || thigh || bælæm || pædlæm
 * 19 || leg || kæræl || kæræl
 * 20 || knee || karaŋok || miraŋok
 * 21 || foot || čœt || čœt
 * 22 || skin || yæræɲ || yæræɲ
 * 23 || fat || wudæwæl || wœdawæl
 * 24 || blood || kawæɲ || kawaɲ
 * 25 || bone || bwik || bwik
 * 26 || man || ŋanaŋ || ŋanaŋ
 * 27 || woman || ŋawolaŋ || ŋawalaŋ
 * 28 || father || bapa || papalak
 * 29 || mother || kalaŋ || kalaŋ
 * 30 || grandmother || makaŋ || æčæ
 * 31 || policeman || wænæn || dukmækæ
 * 32 || spear || wælæra || wælæræ
 * 33 || woomera || kalan || kalan
 * 34 || boomerang || wiɲiŋgiɲ || wïɲïŋgïɲ
 * 35 || nullanulla || langur || langur
 * 36 || hair-belt || bulkaŋ || pulkaŋ
 * 37 || canoe || wutïŋge || winæ
 * 38 || axe || ličpuruk || ličpurp
 * 39 || dilly bag || wargade || waRgade
 * 40 || fire || wiɳ || win
 * 41 || smoke || wïɳgal || wungæl
 * 42 || water || wiyïk || wik
 * 43 || cloud || guk || pærk
 * 44 || rainbow || banaŋak || pulipuli
 * 45 || barramundi || pænŋat || pænŋæt
 * 46 || sea || ŋalgïn || ŋalgïn
 * 47 || river || čakaR || wikmagat
 * 48 || stone || maŋ || maŋ
 * 49 || ground || wut || wut
 * 50 || track || kal || kæl
 * 51 || dust || bœnaŋ || pœnaŋ
 * 52 || sun || gæyïk || kayïk
 * 53 || moon || kara || kalakkalak
 * 54 || star || mœrtæ || mœrta
 * 55 || night || ŋuraǰa || ŋurïnǰe
 * 56 || tomorrow || yiɲmæk || yiɲmæk
 * 57 || today || ŋaR || ŋær
 * 58 || big || pamalaŋ || pamalaŋ
 * 59 || possum || čædæræč || čaǰɛdač
 * 60 || dog || moyiɲ || moyiɲ
 * 61 || tail || kalpæ || kælpæ
 * 62 || meat || mæǰæm || mæǰæm
 * 63 || snake || kulgamalaŋ || walan
 * 64 || red kangaroo || muǰ || kænga
 * 65 || porcupine || nïminïŋač || mænɛŋɛč
 * 66 || emu || ŋœrœn || ŋœrœčul
 * 67 || crow || wak || wak
 * 68 || goanna || ŋaran || ŋaran
 * 69 || blue tongue lizard || bwikmidaŋ || wirič
 * 70 || mosquito || wœRaŋ || wœraŋ
 * 71 || sugar-bag || činæɲ || činiɲ
 * 72 || camp || rak || ræk
 * 73 || black || kalalk || kalalk
 * 74 || white || baybaymalaŋ || baybaymalaŋ
 * 75 || red || wïrewïre || wurewure
 * 76 || one || ŋanǰič || ŋanǰič
 * 77 || two || bakatamalaŋ || parkataŋgæɲ
 * 78 || when? || ænæɲ || anikinæ
 * 79 || what? || ɲinič || ɲinič
 * 80 || who? || naga || naga
 * 81 || I || ŋaǰa || ŋæǰæ
 * 82 || you || kænæ || kænæ
 * 83 || he || ǰamoyič || čamoyič
 * 84 || grass || wœrak || wœrak
 * 85 || vegetable food || mænæɲ || mænæɲ
 * 86 || tree || wiɳ || wiɳ
 * 87 || leaf || kalkal || kalkal
 * 88 || pandanus || ɲïŋarač || nurač
 * 89 || ironwood || mælæ || mælæ
 * 90 || ripe || baramuŋ || paramuŋ
 * 91 || good || čarakɔ || čarakɔ
 * 92 || bad || čalkma || čalkma
 * 93 || blind || kulyuk || kuluk
 * 94 || deaf || ŋamama || ŋamama
 * 95 || saliva || wudak || wudak
 * }
 * 49 || ground || wut || wut
 * 50 || track || kal || kæl
 * 51 || dust || bœnaŋ || pœnaŋ
 * 52 || sun || gæyïk || kayïk
 * 53 || moon || kara || kalakkalak
 * 54 || star || mœrtæ || mœrta
 * 55 || night || ŋuraǰa || ŋurïnǰe
 * 56 || tomorrow || yiɲmæk || yiɲmæk
 * 57 || today || ŋaR || ŋær
 * 58 || big || pamalaŋ || pamalaŋ
 * 59 || possum || čædæræč || čaǰɛdač
 * 60 || dog || moyiɲ || moyiɲ
 * 61 || tail || kalpæ || kælpæ
 * 62 || meat || mæǰæm || mæǰæm
 * 63 || snake || kulgamalaŋ || walan
 * 64 || red kangaroo || muǰ || kænga
 * 65 || porcupine || nïminïŋač || mænɛŋɛč
 * 66 || emu || ŋœrœn || ŋœrœčul
 * 67 || crow || wak || wak
 * 68 || goanna || ŋaran || ŋaran
 * 69 || blue tongue lizard || bwikmidaŋ || wirič
 * 70 || mosquito || wœRaŋ || wœraŋ
 * 71 || sugar-bag || činæɲ || činiɲ
 * 72 || camp || rak || ræk
 * 73 || black || kalalk || kalalk
 * 74 || white || baybaymalaŋ || baybaymalaŋ
 * 75 || red || wïrewïre || wurewure
 * 76 || one || ŋanǰič || ŋanǰič
 * 77 || two || bakatamalaŋ || parkataŋgæɲ
 * 78 || when? || ænæɲ || anikinæ
 * 79 || what? || ɲinič || ɲinič
 * 80 || who? || naga || naga
 * 81 || I || ŋaǰa || ŋæǰæ
 * 82 || you || kænæ || kænæ
 * 83 || he || ǰamoyič || čamoyič
 * 84 || grass || wœrak || wœrak
 * 85 || vegetable food || mænæɲ || mænæɲ
 * 86 || tree || wiɳ || wiɳ
 * 87 || leaf || kalkal || kalkal
 * 88 || pandanus || ɲïŋarač || nurač
 * 89 || ironwood || mælæ || mælæ
 * 90 || ripe || baramuŋ || paramuŋ
 * 91 || good || čarakɔ || čarakɔ
 * 92 || bad || čalkma || čalkma
 * 93 || blind || kulyuk || kuluk
 * 94 || deaf || ŋamama || ŋamama
 * 95 || saliva || wudak || wudak
 * }
 * 73 || black || kalalk || kalalk
 * 74 || white || baybaymalaŋ || baybaymalaŋ
 * 75 || red || wïrewïre || wurewure
 * 76 || one || ŋanǰič || ŋanǰič
 * 77 || two || bakatamalaŋ || parkataŋgæɲ
 * 78 || when? || ænæɲ || anikinæ
 * 79 || what? || ɲinič || ɲinič
 * 80 || who? || naga || naga
 * 81 || I || ŋaǰa || ŋæǰæ
 * 82 || you || kænæ || kænæ
 * 83 || he || ǰamoyič || čamoyič
 * 84 || grass || wœrak || wœrak
 * 85 || vegetable food || mænæɲ || mænæɲ
 * 86 || tree || wiɳ || wiɳ
 * 87 || leaf || kalkal || kalkal
 * 88 || pandanus || ɲïŋarač || nurač
 * 89 || ironwood || mælæ || mælæ
 * 90 || ripe || baramuŋ || paramuŋ
 * 91 || good || čarakɔ || čarakɔ
 * 92 || bad || čalkma || čalkma
 * 93 || blind || kulyuk || kuluk
 * 94 || deaf || ŋamama || ŋamama
 * 95 || saliva || wudak || wudak
 * }
 * 85 || vegetable food || mænæɲ || mænæɲ
 * 86 || tree || wiɳ || wiɳ
 * 87 || leaf || kalkal || kalkal
 * 88 || pandanus || ɲïŋarač || nurač
 * 89 || ironwood || mælæ || mælæ
 * 90 || ripe || baramuŋ || paramuŋ
 * 91 || good || čarakɔ || čarakɔ
 * 92 || bad || čalkma || čalkma
 * 93 || blind || kulyuk || kuluk
 * 94 || deaf || ŋamama || ŋamama
 * 95 || saliva || wudak || wudak
 * }
 * 91 || good || čarakɔ || čarakɔ
 * 92 || bad || čalkma || čalkma
 * 93 || blind || kulyuk || kuluk
 * 94 || deaf || ŋamama || ŋamama
 * 95 || saliva || wudak || wudak
 * }
 * 94 || deaf || ŋamama || ŋamama
 * 95 || saliva || wudak || wudak
 * }
 * 95 || saliva || wudak || wudak
 * }