43rd United States Congress

The 43rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1873, to March 4, 1875, during the fifth and sixth years of Ulysses S. Grant's presidency.

The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1870 United States census.

Both chambers had a Republican majority. This is the last time Republicans held a 2/3 majority in the Senate.

Major events

 * September 18, 1873: New York stock market crash triggered the Panic of 1873, part of the Long Depression
 * November 4, 1874: United States House of Representatives elections, 1874 -Democrats regained control of the U.S. House of Representatives for the first time since 1860
 * November 25, 1874: United States Greenback Party established as a political party, made primarily of farmers financially hurt by the Panic of 1873

Major legislation

 * June 22, 1874: Revised Statutes of the United States
 * June 23, 1874: Poland Act,
 * January 14, 1875: Specie Payment Resumption Act ch. 15,
 * March 1, 1875: Civil Rights Act of 1875, (Butler-Sumner Act)
 * March 3, 1875: Tariff of 1875
 * March 3, 1875: Page Act of 1875,

Treaties

 * March 18, 1874: Hawaii signed a treaty with the United States granting exclusive trading rights.

Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

House of Representatives
Before this Congress, the 1870 United States Census and resulting reapportionment changed the size of the House to 292 members.

Senate

 * President: Henry Wilson (R)
 * President pro tempore: Matthew H. Carpenter (R)
 * Henry B. Anthony (R), elected January 25, 1875.

House of Representatives

 * Speaker: James G. Blaine (R)
 * Republican Conference Chairman: Horace Maynard
 * Democratic Caucus Chairman: William E. Niblack

Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class and Members of the House by district.
 * Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1874; class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1876; and class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1878.

Alabama

 * 2. George Goldthwaite (D)
 * 3. George E. Spencer (R)

Arkansas

 * 2. Powell Clayton (R)
 * 3. Stephen W. Dorsey (R)

California

 * 1. Eugene Casserly (D), until November 29, 1873
 * John S. Hager (D), from December 23, 1873
 * 3. Aaron A. Sargent (R)

Connecticut

 * 1. William A. Buckingham (R), until February 5, 1875
 * William W. Eaton (D), from February 5, 1875
 * 3. Orris S. Ferry (LR)

Delaware

 * 1. Thomas F. Bayard Sr. (D)
 * 2. Eli Saulsbury (D)

Florida

 * 1. Abijah Gilbert (R)
 * 3. Simon B. Conover (R)

Georgia

 * 2. Thomas M. Norwood (D)
 * 3. John B. Gordon (D)

Illinois

 * 2. John A. Logan (R)
 * 3. Richard J. Oglesby (R)

Indiana

 * 1. Daniel D. Pratt (R)
 * 3. Oliver H. P. T. Morton (R)

Iowa

 * 2. George G. Wright (R)
 * 3. William B. Allison (R)

Kansas

 * 2. Alexander Caldwell (R), until March 24, 1873
 * Robert Crozier (R), November 24, 1873 - February 12, 1874
 * James M. Harvey (R), from February 12, 1874
 * 3. John J. Ingalls (R)

Kentucky

 * 2. John W. Stevenson (D)
 * 3. Thomas C. McCreery (D)

Louisiana

 * 2. J. Rodman West (R)
 * 3: vacant

Maine

 * 1. Hannibal Hamlin (R)
 * 2. Lot M. Morrill (R)

Maryland

 * 1. William T. Hamilton (D)
 * 3. George R. Dennis (D)

Massachusetts

 * 1. Charles Sumner (LR), until March 11, 1874
 * William B. Washburn (R), from April 17, 1874
 * 2. George S. Boutwell (R), from March 17, 1873

Michigan

 * 1. Zachariah Chandler (R)
 * 2. Thomas W. Ferry (R)

Minnesota

 * 1. Alexander Ramsey (R)
 * 2. William Windom (R)

Mississippi

 * 1. Adelbert Ames (R), until January 10, 1874
 * Henry R. Pease (R), from February 3, 1874
 * 2. James L. Alcorn (R)

Missouri

 * 1. Carl Schurz (R)
 * 3. Lewis V. Bogy (D)

Nebraska

 * 1. Thomas Tipton (R)
 * 2. Phineas Hitchcock (R)

Nevada

 * 1. William M. Stewart (R)
 * 3. John P. Jones (R)

New Hampshire

 * 2. Aaron H. Cragin (R)
 * 3. Bainbridge Wadleigh (R)

New Jersey

 * 1. John P. Stockton (D)
 * 2. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen (R)

New York

 * 1. Reuben E. Fenton (R)
 * 3. Roscoe Conkling (R)

North Carolina

 * 2. Matt W. Ransom (D)
 * 3. Augustus S. Merrimon (D)

Ohio

 * 1. Allen G. Thurman (D)
 * 3. John Sherman (R)

Oregon

 * 2. James K. Kelly (D)
 * 3. John H. Mitchell (R)

Pennsylvania

 * 1. John Scott (R)
 * 3. Simon Cameron (R)

Rhode Island

 * 1. William Sprague IV (R)
 * 2. Henry B. Anthony (R)

South Carolina

 * 2. Thomas J. Robertson (R)
 * 3. John J. Patterson (R)

Tennessee

 * 1. William G. Brownlow (R)
 * 2. Henry Cooper (D)

Texas

 * 1. James W. Flanagan (R)
 * 2. Morgan C. Hamilton (LR)

Vermont

 * 1. George F. Edmunds (R)
 * 3. Justin S. Morrill (R)

Virginia

 * 1. John F. Lewis (R)
 * 2. John W. Johnston (D)

West Virginia

 * 1. Arthur I. Boreman (R)
 * 2. Henry G. Davis (D)

Wisconsin

 * 1. Matthew H. Carpenter (R)
 * 3. Timothy O. Howe (R)





House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Alabama

 * Alabama's 1st congressional district. Frederick G. Bromberg (LR)
 * Alabama's 2nd congressional district. James T. Rapier (R)
 * Alabama's 3rd congressional district. Charles Pelham (R)
 * Alabama's 4th congressional district. Charles Hays (R)
 * Alabama's 5th congressional district. John H. Caldwell (D)
 * Alabama's 6th congressional district. Joseph H. Sloss (D)
 * At-large. Charles C. Sheats (R)
 * At-large. Alexander White (R)

Arkansas

 * Arkansas's 1st congressional district. Asa Hodges (R)
 * Arkansas's 2nd congressional district. Oliver P. Snyder (R)
 * Arkansas's 3rd congressional district. William W. Wilshire (R), until June 16, 1874
 * Thomas M. Gunter (D), from June 16, 1874
 * At-large. William J. Hynes (LR)

California

 * California's 1st congressional district. Charles Clayton (R)
 * California's 2nd congressional district. Horace F. Page (R)
 * California's 3rd congressional district. John K. Luttrell (D)
 * California's 4th congressional district. Sherman O. Houghton (R)

Connecticut

 * Connecticut's 1st congressional district. Joseph R. Hawley (R)
 * Connecticut's 2nd congressional district. Stephen W. Kellogg (R)
 * Connecticut's 3rd congressional district. Henry H. Starkweather (R)
 * Connecticut's 4th congressional district. William H. Barnum (D)

Delaware

 * At-large. James R. Lofland (R)

Florida

 * At-large. Josiah T. Walls (R)
 * At-large. William J. Purman (R), until January 25, 1875

Georgia

 * Georgia's 1st congressional district. Morgan Rawls (D), until March 24, 1874
 * Andrew Sloan (R), from March 24, 1874
 * Georgia's 2nd congressional district. Richard H. Whiteley (R)
 * Georgia's 3rd congressional district. Philip Cook (D)
 * Georgia's 4th congressional district. Henry R. Harris (D)
 * Georgia's 5th congressional district. James C. Freeman (R)
 * Georgia's 6th congressional district. James H. Blount (D)
 * Georgia's 7th congressional district. Pierce M. B. Young (D)
 * Georgia's 8th congressional district. Alexander H. Stephens (D), from December 1, 1873
 * Georgia's 9th congressional district. Hiram P. Bell (D)

Illinois

 * Illinois's 1st congressional district. John B. Rice (R), until December 17, 1874
 * Bernard G. Caulfield (D), from February 1, 1875
 * Illinois's 2nd congressional district. Jasper D. Ward (R)
 * Illinois's 3rd congressional district. Charles B. Farwell (R)
 * Illinois's 4th congressional district. Stephen A. Hurlbut (R)
 * Illinois's 5th congressional district. Horatio C. Burchard (R)
 * Illinois's 6th congressional district. John B. Hawley (R)
 * Illinois's 7th congressional district. Franklin Corwin (R)
 * Illinois's 8th congressional district. Greenbury L. Fort (R)
 * Illinois's 9th congressional district. Granville Barrere (R)
 * Illinois's 10th congressional district. William H. Ray (R)
 * Illinois's 11th congressional district. Robert M. Knapp (D)
 * Illinois's 12th congressional district. James C. Robinson (D)
 * Illinois's 13th congressional district. John McNulta (R)
 * Illinois's 14th congressional district. Joseph G. Cannon (R)
 * Illinois's 15th congressional district. John R. Eden (D)
 * Illinois's 16th congressional district. James S. Martin (R)
 * Illinois's 17th congressional district. William R. Morrison (D)
 * Illinois's 18th congressional district. Isaac Clements (R)
 * Illinois's 19th congressional district. Samuel S. Marshall (D)

Indiana

 * Indiana's 1st congressional district. William E. Niblack (D)
 * Indiana's 2nd congressional district. Simeon K. Wolfe (D)
 * Indiana's 3rd congressional district. William S. Holman (D)
 * Indiana's 4th congressional district. Jeremiah M. Wilson (R)
 * Indiana's 5th congressional district. John Coburn (R)
 * Indiana's 6th congressional district. Morton C. Hunter (R)
 * Indiana's 7th congressional district. Thomas J. Cason (R)
 * Indiana's 8th congressional district. James N. Tyner (R)
 * Indiana's 9th congressional district. John P. C. Shanks (R)
 * Indiana's 10th congressional district. Henry B. Sayler (R)
 * At-large. Jasper Packard (R)
 * At-large. Godlove S. Orth (R)
 * At-large. William Williams (R)

Iowa

 * Iowa's 1st congressional district. George W. McCrary (R)
 * Iowa's 2nd congressional district. Aylett R. Cotton (R)
 * Iowa's 3rd congressional district. William G. Donnan (R)
 * Iowa's 4th congressional district. Henry O. Pratt (R)
 * Iowa's 5th congressional district. James Wilson (R)
 * Iowa's 6th congressional district. William Loughridge (R)
 * Iowa's 7th congressional district. John A. Kasson (R)
 * Iowa's 8th congressional district. James W. McDill (R)
 * Iowa's 9th congressional district. Jackson Orr (R)

Kansas

 * At-large. Stephen A. Cobb (R)
 * At-large. David P. Lowe (R)
 * At-large. William A. Phillips (R)

Kentucky

 * Kentucky's 1st congressional district. Edward Crossland (D)
 * Kentucky's 2nd congressional district. John Y. Brown (D)
 * Kentucky's 3rd congressional district. Charles W. Milliken (D)
 * Kentucky's 4th congressional district. William B. Read (D)
 * Kentucky's 5th congressional district. Elisha D. Standiford (D)
 * Kentucky's 6th congressional district. William E. Arthur (D)
 * Kentucky's 7th congressional district. James B. Beck (D)
 * Kentucky's 8th congressional district. Milton J. Durham (D)
 * Kentucky's 9th congressional district. George M. Adams (D)
 * Kentucky's 10th congressional district. John D. Young (D)

Louisiana

 * Louisiana's 1st congressional district. J. Hale Sypher (R), until March 3, 1875
 * Effingham Lawrence (D), from March 3, 1875
 * Louisiana's 2nd congressional district. Lionel A. Sheldon (R)
 * Louisiana's 3rd congressional district. Chester B. Darrall (R)
 * Louisiana's 4th congressional district. George L. Smith (R), from November 24, 1873
 * Louisiana's 5th congressional district. Frank Morey (R)
 * At-large. George A. Sheridan (LR) from March 3, 1875

Maine

 * Maine's 1st congressional district. John H. Burleigh (R)
 * Maine's 2nd congressional district. William P. Frye (R)
 * Maine's 3rd congressional district. James G. Blaine (R)
 * Maine's 4th congressional district. Samuel F. Hersey (R), until February 3, 1875
 * Maine's 5th congressional district. Eugene Hale (R)

Maryland

 * Maryland's 1st congressional district. Ephraim K. Wilson II (D)
 * Maryland's 2nd congressional district. Stevenson Archer (D)
 * Maryland's 3rd congressional district. William J. O'Brien (D)
 * Maryland's 4th congressional district. Thomas Swann (D)
 * Maryland's 5th congressional district. William Albert (R)
 * Maryland's 6th congressional district. Lloyd Lowndes Jr. (R)

Massachusetts

 * Massachusetts's 1st congressional district. James Buffington (R)
 * Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district. Benjamin W. Harris (R)
 * Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district. William Whiting (R), until June 29, 1873
 * Henry L. Pierce (R), from December 1, 1873
 * Massachusetts's 4th congressional district. Samuel Hooper (R)
 * Massachusetts's 5th congressional district. Daniel W. Gooch (R)
 * Massachusetts's 6th congressional district. Benjamin F. Butler (R)
 * Massachusetts's 7th congressional district. Ebenezer R. Hoar (R)
 * Massachusetts's 8th congressional district. John M. S. Williams (R)
 * Massachusetts's 9th congressional district. George F. Hoar (R)
 * Massachusetts's 10th congressional district. Alvah Crocker (R), until December 26, 1874
 * Charles A. Stevens (R), from January 27, 1875
 * Massachusetts's 11th congressional district. Henry L. Dawes (R)

Michigan

 * Michigan's 1st congressional district. Moses W. Field (R)
 * Michigan's 2nd congressional district. Henry Waldron (R)
 * Michigan's 3rd congressional district. George Willard (R)
 * Michigan's 4th congressional district. Julius C. Burrows (R)
 * Michigan's 5th congressional district. Wilder D. Foster (R), until September 20, 1873
 * William B. Williams (R), from December 1, 1873
 * Michigan's 6th congressional district. Josiah Begole (R)
 * Michigan's 7th congressional district. Omar D. Conger (R)
 * Michigan's 8th congressional district. Nathan B. Bradley (R)
 * Michigan's 9th congressional district. Jay A. Hubbell (R)

Minnesota

 * Minnesota's 1st congressional district. Mark H. Dunnell (R)
 * Minnesota's 2nd congressional district. Horace B. Strait (R)
 * Minnesota's 3rd congressional district. John T. Averill (R)

Mississippi

 * Mississippi's 1st congressional district. Lucius Q. C. Lamar (D)
 * Mississippi's 2nd congressional district. Albert R. Howe (R)
 * Mississippi's 3rd congressional district. Henry W. Barry (R)
 * Mississippi's 4th congressional district. Jason Niles (R)
 * Mississippi's 5th congressional district. George C. McKee (R)
 * Mississippi's 6th congressional district. John R. Lynch (R)

Missouri

 * Missouri's 1st congressional district. Edwin O. Stanard (R)
 * Missouri's 2nd congressional district. Erastus Wells (D)
 * Missouri's 3rd congressional district. William H. Stone (D)
 * Missouri's 4th congressional district. Robert A. Hatcher (D)
 * Missouri's 5th congressional district. Richard P. Bland (D)
 * Missouri's 6th congressional district. Harrison E. Havens (R)
 * Missouri's 7th congressional district. Thomas T. Crittenden (D)
 * Missouri's 8th congressional district. Abram Comingo (D)
 * Missouri's 9th congressional district. Isaac C. Parker (R)
 * Missouri's 10th congressional district. Ira B. Hyde (R)
 * Missouri's 11th congressional district. John B. Clark Jr. (D)
 * Missouri's 12th congressional district. John M. Glover (D)
 * Missouri's 13th congressional district. Aylett H. Buckner (D)

Nebraska

 * At-large. Lorenzo Crounse (R)

Nevada

 * At-large. Charles W. Kendall (D)

New Hampshire

 * New Hampshire's 1st congressional district. William B. Small (R)
 * New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district. Austin F. Pike (R)
 * New Hampshire's 3rd congressional district. Hosea W. Parker (D)

New Jersey

 * New Jersey's 1st congressional district. John W. Hazelton (R)
 * New Jersey's 2nd congressional district. Samuel A. Dobbins (R)
 * New Jersey's 3rd congressional district. Amos Clark Jr. (R)
 * New Jersey's 4th congressional district. Robert Hamilton (D)
 * New Jersey's 5th congressional district. William W. Phelps (R)
 * New Jersey's 6th congressional district. Marcus L. Ward (R)
 * New Jersey's 7th congressional district. Isaac W. Scudder (R)

New York

 * New York's 1st congressional district. Henry J. Scudder (R)
 * New York's 2nd congressional district. John G. Schumaker (D)
 * New York's 3rd congressional district. Stewart L. Woodford (R), until July 1, 1874
 * Simeon B. Chittenden (IR), from November 3, 1874
 * New York's 4th congressional district. Philip S. Crooke (R)
 * New York's 5th congressional district. William R. Roberts (D)
 * New York's 6th congressional district. James Brooks (D), until April 30, 1873
 * Samuel S. Cox (D), from November 4, 1873
 * New York's 7th congressional district. Thomas J. Creamer (D)
 * New York's 8th congressional district. John D. Lawson (R)
 * New York's 9th congressional district. David B. Mellish (R), until May 23, 1874
 * Richard Schell (D), from December 7, 1874
 * New York's 10th congressional district. Fernando Wood (D)
 * New York's 11th congressional district. Clarkson N. Potter (D)
 * New York's 12th congressional district. Charles St. John (R)
 * New York's 13th congressional district. John O. Whitehouse (D)
 * New York's 14th congressional district. David M. De Witt (D)
 * New York's 15th congressional district. Eli Perry (D)
 * New York's 16th congressional district. James S. Smart (R)
 * New York's 17th congressional district. Robert S. Hale (R)
 * New York's 18th congressional district. William A. Wheeler (R)
 * New York's 19th congressional district. Henry H. Hathorn (R)
 * New York's 20th congressional district. David Wilber (R)
 * New York's 21st congressional district. Clinton L. Merriam (R)
 * New York's 22nd congressional district. Ellis H. Roberts (R)
 * New York's 23rd congressional district. William E. Lansing (R)
 * New York's 24th congressional district. R. Holland Duell (R)
 * New York's 25th congressional district. Clinton D. MacDougall (R)
 * New York's 26th congressional district. William H. Lamport (R)
 * New York's 27th congressional district. Thomas C. Platt (R)
 * New York's 28th congressional district. H. Boardman Smith (R)
 * New York's 29th congressional district. Freeman Clarke (R)
 * New York's 30th congressional district. George G. Hoskins (R)
 * New York's 31st congressional district. Lyman K. Bass (R)
 * New York's 32nd congressional district. Walter L. Sessions (R)
 * At-large. Lyman Tremain (R)

North Carolina

 * North Carolina's 1st congressional district. Clinton L. Cobb (R)
 * North Carolina's 2nd congressional district. Charles R. Thomas (R)
 * North Carolina's 3rd congressional district. Alfred M. Waddell (D)
 * North Carolina's 4th congressional district. William A. Smith (R)
 * North Carolina's 5th congressional district. James M. Leach (D)
 * North Carolina's 6th congressional district. Thomas S. Ashe (D)
 * North Carolina's 7th congressional district. William M. Robbins (D)
 * North Carolina's 8th congressional district. Robert B. Vance (D)

Ohio

 * Ohio's 1st congressional district. Milton Sayler (D)
 * Ohio's 2nd congressional district. Henry B. Banning (LR)
 * Ohio's 3rd congressional district. John Q. Smith (R)
 * Ohio's 4th congressional district. Lewis B. Gunckel (R)
 * Ohio's 5th congressional district. Charles N. Lamison (D)
 * Ohio's 6th congressional district. Isaac R. Sherwood (R)
 * Ohio's 7th congressional district. Lawrence T. Neal (D)
 * Ohio's 8th congressional district. William Lawrence (R)
 * Ohio's 9th congressional district. James W. Robinson (R)
 * Ohio's 10th congressional district. Charles Foster (R)
 * Ohio's 11th congressional district. Hezekiah S. Bundy (R)
 * Ohio's 12th congressional district. Hugh J. Jewett (D), until June 23, 1874
 * William E. Finck (D), from December 7, 1874
 * Ohio's 13th congressional district. Milton I. Southard (D)
 * Ohio's 14th congressional district. John Berry (D)
 * Ohio's 15th congressional district. William P. Sprague (R)
 * Ohio's 16th congressional district. Lorenzo Danford (R)
 * Ohio's 17th congressional district. Laurin D. Woodworth (R)
 * Ohio's 18th congressional district. James Monroe (R)
 * Ohio's 19th congressional district. James A. Garfield (R)
 * Ohio's 20th congressional district. Richard C. Parsons (R)

Oregon

 * At-large. Joseph G. Wilson (R), until July 2, 1873
 * James W. Nesmith (D), from December 1, 1873

Pennsylvania

 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district. Samuel J. Randall (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district. Charles O'Neill (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district. Leonard Myers (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district. William D. Kelley (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 5th congressional district. Alfred C. Harmer (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district. James S. Biery (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district. Washington Townsend (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district. Hiester Clymer (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district. A. Herr Smith (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 10th congressional district. John W. Killinger (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 11th congressional district. John B. Storm (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district. Lazarus D. Shoemaker (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 13th congressional district. James D. Strawbridge (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 14th congressional district. John B. Packer (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 15th congressional district. John A. Magee (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 16th congressional district. John Cessna (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 17th congressional district. R. Milton Speer (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district. Sobieski Ross (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 19th congressional district. Carlton B. Curtis (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 20th congressional district. Hiram L. Richmond (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 21st congressional district. Alexander W. Taylor (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 22nd congressional district. James S. Negley (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 23rd congressional district. Ebenezer McJunkin (R), until January 1, 1875
 * John M. Thompson (R), from January 5, 1875
 * Pennsylvania's 24th congressional district. William S. Moore (R)
 * At-large. Charles Albright (R)
 * At-large. Glenni W. Scofield (R)
 * At-large. Lemuel Todd (R)

Rhode Island

 * Rhode Island's 1st congressional district. Benjamin T. Eames (R)
 * Rhode Island's 2nd congressional district. James M. Pendleton (R)

South Carolina

 * South Carolina's 1st congressional district. Joseph Rainey (R)
 * South Carolina's 2nd congressional district. Alonzo J. Ransier (R)
 * South Carolina's 3rd congressional district. Robert B. Elliott (R), until November 1, 1874
 * Lewis C. Carpenter (R), from November 3, 1874
 * South Carolina's 4th congressional district. Alexander S. Wallace (R)
 * At-large. Richard H. Cain (R)

Tennessee

 * Tennessee's 1st congressional district. Roderick R. Butler (R)
 * Tennessee's 2nd congressional district. Jacob M. Thornburgh (R)
 * Tennessee's 3rd congressional district. William Crutchfield (R)
 * Tennessee's 4th congressional district. John M. Bright (D)
 * Tennessee's 5th congressional district. Horace Harrison (R)
 * Tennessee's 6th congressional district. Washington C. Whitthorne (D)
 * Tennessee's 7th congressional district. John D. C. Atkins (D)
 * Tennessee's 8th congressional district. David A. Nunn (R)
 * Tennessee's 9th congressional district. Barbour Lewis (R)
 * At-large. Horace Maynard (R)

Texas

 * Texas's 1st congressional district. William S. Herndon (D)
 * Texas's 2nd congressional district. William P. McLean (D)
 * Texas's 3rd congressional district. De Witt C. Giddings (D)
 * Texas's 4th congressional district. John Hancock (D)
 * At-large. Roger Q. Mills (D)
 * At-large. Asa H. Willie (D)

Vermont

 * Vermont's 1st congressional district. Charles W. Willard (R)
 * Vermont's 2nd congressional district. Luke P. Poland (R)
 * Vermont's 3rd congressional district. George W. Hendee (R)

Virginia

 * Virginia's 1st congressional district. James B. Sener (R)
 * Virginia's 2nd congressional district. James H. Platt Jr. (R)
 * Virginia's 3rd congressional district. J. Ambler Smith (R)
 * Virginia's 4th congressional district. William H. H. Stowell (R)
 * Virginia's 5th congressional district. Alexander Davis (D), until March 5, 1874
 * Christopher Thomas (R), from March 5, 1874
 * Virginia's 6th congressional district. Thomas Whitehead (D)
 * Virginia's 7th congressional district. John T. Harris (D)
 * Virginia's 8th congressional district. Eppa Hunton, II (D)
 * Virginia's 9th congressional district. Rees Bowen (D)

West Virginia

 * West Virginia's 1st congressional district. John J. Davis (ID)
 * West Virginia's 2nd congressional district. John Hagans (R)
 * West Virginia's 3rd congressional district. Frank Hereford (D)

Wisconsin

 * Wisconsin's 1st congressional district. Charles G. Williams (R)
 * Wisconsin's 2nd congressional district. Gerry W. Hazelton (R)
 * Wisconsin's 3rd congressional district. J. Allen Barber (R)
 * Wisconsin's 4th congressional district. Alexander Mitchell (D)
 * Wisconsin's 5th congressional district. Charles A. Eldredge (D)
 * Wisconsin's 6th congressional district. Philetus Sawyer (R)
 * Wisconsin's 7th congressional district. Jeremiah M. Rusk (R)
 * Wisconsin's 8th congressional district. Alexander S. McDill (R)

Non-voting members

 * Arizona Territory's at-large congressional district. Richard C. McCormick (NU)
 * Colorado Territory's at-large congressional district. Jerome B. Chaffee (R)
 * Dakota Territory's at-large congressional district. Moses K. Armstrong (D)
 * District of Columbia's at-large congressional district. Norton P. Chipman (R)
 * Idaho Territory's at-large congressional district. John Hailey (D)
 * Montana Territory's at-large congressional district. Martin Maginnis (D)
 * New Mexico Territory's at-large congressional district. Stephen B. Elkins (R)
 * Utah Territory's at-large congressional district. George Q. Cannon (R)
 * Washington Territory's at-large congressional district. Obadiah B. McFadden (D)
 * Wyoming Territory's at-large congressional district. William R. Steele (D)

43 us house membership.png]]

Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

 * Replacements: 5
 * Democratic: 1 seat net gain
 * Republican: no net change
 * Liberal Republican: 1 seat net loss
 * Deaths: 3
 * Resignations: 3
 * Interim appointments: 1
 * Vacancy: 1
 * Total seats with changes: 7


 * Massachusetts (2)
 * Vacant
 * Henry Wilson resigned in previous congress after becoming Vice President of the United States. Successor elected March 17, 1873.
 * nowrap | George S. Boutwell (R)
 * March 17, 1873
 * March 17, 1873


 * Mississippi (1)
 * nowrap | Adelbert Ames (R)
 * Resigned March 17, 1873, after being elected Governor of Mississippi. Successor elected February 3, 1874.
 * nowrap | Henry R. Pease (R)
 * February 3, 1874
 * February 3, 1874


 * Kansas (2)
 * nowrap | Alexander Caldwell (R)
 * Resigned March 24, 1873. Successor appointed November 24, 1873.
 * nowrap | Robert Crozier (R)
 * November 24, 1873
 * November 24, 1873


 * California (1)
 * nowrap | Eugene Casserly (D)
 * Resigned November 29, 1873. Successor elected December 23, 1873.
 * nowrap | John S. Hager (D)
 * December 23, 1873
 * December 23, 1873


 * Kansas (2)
 * nowrap | Robert Crozier (R)
 * Interim appointee retired when successor elected February 2, 1874.
 * nowrap | James M. Harvey (R)
 * February 2, 1874
 * February 2, 1874


 * Massachusetts (1)
 * nowrap | Charles Sumner (LR)
 * Died March 11, 1874. Successor elected April 17, 1874.
 * nowrap | William B. Washburn (R)
 * April 17, 1874
 * April 17, 1874


 * Connecticut (1)
 * nowrap | William A. Buckingham (R)
 * Died February 5, 1875. Successor appointed February 5, 1875, having already been elected to the next tern.
 * nowrap | William W. Eaton (D)
 * February 5, 1875
 * February 5, 1875


 * }

House of Representatives

 * Replacements: 15
 * Democratic: 3 seat net gain
 * Republican: 4 seat net loss
 * Liberal Republican: 1 seat net gain
 * Deaths: 8
 * Resignations: 5
 * Contested election: 4
 * Total seats with changes: 19


 * Louisiana's 4th congressional district
 * Vacant
 * style="font-size:80%" | Rep-elect Samuel Peters died before taking seat
 * nowrap | George L. Smith (R)
 * November 24, 1873
 * Georgia's 8th congressional district
 * Vacant
 * style="font-size:80%" | Rep-elect Ambrose R. Wright died before taking seat
 * nowrap | Alexander H. Stephens (D)
 * December 1, 1873
 * New York's 6th congressional district
 * nowrap | James Brooks (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died April 30, 1873
 * nowrap | Samuel S. Cox (D)
 * November 4, 1873
 * Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district
 * nowrap | William Whiting (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died June 29, 1873
 * nowrap | Henry L. Pierce (R)
 * December 1, 1873
 * Oregon's at-large congressional district
 * nowrap | Joseph G. Wilson (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died July 2, 1873
 * nowrap | James Nesmith (D)
 * December 1, 1873
 * Michigan's 5th congressional district
 * nowrap | Wilder D. Foster (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died September 20, 1873
 * nowrap | William B. Williams (R)
 * December 1, 1873
 * Virginia's 5th congressional district
 * nowrap | Alexander Davis (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election March 5, 1874
 * nowrap | Christopher Thomas (R)
 * March 5, 1874
 * Georgia's 1st congressional district
 * nowrap | Morgan Rawls (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election March 24, 1874
 * nowrap | Andrew Sloan (R)
 * March 24, 1874
 * New York's 9th congressional district
 * nowrap | David B. Mellish (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died May 23, 1874
 * nowrap | Richard Schell (D)
 * December 7, 1874
 * Arkansas's 3rd congressional district
 * nowrap | William W. Wilshire (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election June 16, 1874
 * nowrap | Thomas M. Gunter (D)
 * June 16, 1874
 * Ohio's 12th congressional district
 * nowrap | Hugh J. Jewett (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned June 23, 1874, after becoming President of the Erie Railroad
 * nowrap | William E. Finck (D)
 * December 7, 1874
 * New York's 3rd congressional district
 * nowrap | Stewart L. Woodford (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned July 1, 1874
 * nowrap | Simeon B. Chittenden (IR)
 * November 3, 1874
 * South Carolina's 3rd congressional district
 * nowrap | Robert B. Elliott (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 1, 1874
 * nowrap | Lewis C. Carpenter (R)
 * November 3, 1874
 * Illinois's 1st congressional district
 * nowrap | John B. Rice (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died December 17, 1874
 * nowrap | Bernard G. Caulfield (D)
 * February 1, 1875
 * Massachusetts's 10th congressional district
 * nowrap | Alvah Crocker (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died December 26, 1874
 * nowrap | Charles A. Stevens (R)
 * January 27, 1875
 * Pennsylvania's 23rd congressional district
 * nowrap | Ebenezer McJunkin (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 1, 1875
 * nowrap | John M. Thompson (R)
 * January 5, 1875
 * Florida's at-large congressional district
 * nowrap | William J. Purman (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 25, 1875
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Maine's 4th congressional district
 * nowrap | Samuel F. Hersey (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died February 3, 1875
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Louisiana's 1st congressional district
 * nowrap | J. Hale Sypher (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election March 3, 1875
 * nowrap | Effingham Lawrence (D)
 * March 3, 1875
 * Louisiana's at-large congressional district
 * Vacant
 * style="font-size:80%" | Contested election originally won by Pinckney Pinchback
 * nowrap | George A.Sheridan (R)
 * March 3, 1875
 * }
 * Not filled this term
 * Maine's 4th congressional district
 * nowrap | Samuel F. Hersey (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died February 3, 1875
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Louisiana's 1st congressional district
 * nowrap | J. Hale Sypher (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election March 3, 1875
 * nowrap | Effingham Lawrence (D)
 * March 3, 1875
 * Louisiana's at-large congressional district
 * Vacant
 * style="font-size:80%" | Contested election originally won by Pinckney Pinchback
 * nowrap | George A.Sheridan (R)
 * March 3, 1875
 * }
 * nowrap | George A.Sheridan (R)
 * March 3, 1875
 * }

Senate

 * Agriculture (Chairman: Frederick T. Frelinghuysen; Ranking Member: George R. Dennis)
 * Appropriations (Chairman: Lot M. Morrill; Ranking Member: William B. Allison)
 * Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: Matthew H. Carpenter; Ranking Member: George R. Dennis)
 * Civil Service and Retrenchment (Chairman: George G. Wright; Ranking Member: Timothy O. Howe)
 * Claims (Chairman: John Scott; Ranking Member: George S. Boutwell)
 * Commerce (Chairman: Zachariah Chandler; Ranking Member: George S. Boutwell)
 * Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
 * District of Columbia (Chairman: John F. Lewis; Ranking Member: John P. Jones)
 * Education and Labor (Chairman: James W. Flanagan; Ranking Member: Oliver P. Morton)
 * Engrossed Bills (Chairman: Thomas F. Bayard; Ranking Member: Henry Cooper)
 * Finance (Chairman: John Sherman; Ranking Member: Thomas W. Ferry)
 * Foreign Relations (Chairman: Simon Cameron; Ranking Member: Roscoe Conkling)
 * Indian Affairs (Chairman: William A. Buckingham; Ranking Member: John J. Ingalls)
 * Judiciary (Chairman: George F. Edmunds; Ranking Member: George G. Wright)
 * Manufactures (Chairman: Thomas J. Robertson; Ranking Member: Reuben E. Fenton)
 * Military Affairs (Chairman: John A. Logan; Ranking Member: Bainbridge Wadleigh)
 * Mines and Mining (Chairman: Hannibal Hamlin; Ranking Member: George Goldthwaite)
 * Mississippi River Levee System (Select)
 * Naval Affairs (Chairman: Aaron H. Cragin; Ranking Member: Simon B. Conover)
 * Ordnance and War Ships (Select)
 * Outrages in Southern States (Select)
 * Patents (Chairman: Orris S. Ferry; Ranking Member: William T. Hamilton)
 * Pensions (Chairman: Daniel D. Pratt; Ranking Member: Morgan C. Hamilton)
 * Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Alexander Ramsey; Ranking Member: John P. Jones)
 * Private Land Claims (Chairman: Allen G. Thurman; Ranking Member: Thomas F. Bayard)
 * Privileges and Elections (Chairman: Oliver P. Morton; Ranking Member: John H. Mitchell)
 * Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Justin S. Morrill; Ranking Member: John J. Patterson)
 * Public Lands (Chairman: William Sprague; Ranking Member: Bainbridge Wadleigh)
 * Railroads (Chairman: William M. Stewart; Ranking Member: Timothy O. Howe)
 * Removal of Political Disabilities (Select)
 * Retrenchment
 * Revision of the Laws (Chairman: Hannibal Hamlin; Ranking Member: James L. Alcorn)
 * Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: William G. Brownlow; Ranking Member: John W. Johnston)
 * Rules (Select)
 * Tariff Regulation (Select)
 * Territories (Chairman: Arthur I. Boreman; Ranking Member: John J. Patterson)
 * Transportation Routes to the Seaboard (Select) (Chairman: William Windom; Ranking Member: John H. Mitchell)
 * Whole

House of Representatives

 * Accounts (Chairman: James Buffington; Ranking Member: Alexander S. Wallace)
 * Agriculture (Chairman: Charles Hays; Ranking Member: Sobieski Ross)
 * Appropriations (Chairman: James A. Garfield; Ranking Member: James N. Tyner)
 * Alabama Affairs (Select)
 * Arkansas Affairs (Select)
 * Banking and Currency (Chairman: Horace Maynard; Ranking Member: Jay Abel Hubbell)
 * Claims (Chairman: John B. Hawley; Ranking Member: Julius C. Burrows)
 * Coinage, Weights and Measures (Chairman: Samuel Hooper; Ranking Member: Horace B. Strait)
 * Commerce (Chairman: William A. Wheeler; Ranking Member: Richard C. Parsons)
 * District of Columbia (Chairman: Alfred C. Harmer; Ranking Member: Charles Pelham)
 * Education and Labor (Chairman: James Monroe; Ranking Member: Alexander S. McDill)
 * Elections (Chairman: Horace B. Smith; Ranking Member: Horace H. Harrison)
 * Expenditures in the Interior Department (Chairman: Jackson Orr; Ranking Member: James C. Robinson)
 * Expenditures in the Justice Department (Chairman: James B. Sener; Ranking Member: Robert M. Speer)
 * Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: Julius C. Burrows; Ranking Member: John A. Magee)
 * Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: Henry W. Barry; Ranking Member: Pierce M. B. Young)
 * Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: Jasper Packard; Ranking Member: William R. Morrison)
 * Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: J. Hale Sypher; Ranking Member: John G. Schumaker)
 * Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: William Williams; Ranking Member: John M. Bright)
 * Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: R. Holland Duell; Ranking Member: Henry O. Pratt)
 * Freedmen's Affairs (Chairman: Clinton L. Cobb; Ranking Member: J. Allen Barber)
 * Foreign Affairs (Chairman: Godlove Stein Orth; Ranking Member: William J. Albert)
 * Indian Affairs (Chairman: John T. Averill; Ranking Member: John D. Lawson)
 * Invalid Pensions (Chairman: Jeremiah McLain Rusk; Ranking Member: William B. Small)
 * Judiciary (Chairman: Benjamin F. Butler; Ranking Member: Alexander White)
 * Manufactures (Chairman: Charles B. Farwell; Ranking Member: Laurin D. Woodworth)
 * Mileage (Chairman: Hezekiah S. Bundy; Ranking Member: James W. Nesmith)
 * Military Affairs (Chairman: John Coburn; Ranking Member: Clinton D. MacDougall)
 * Militia (Chairman: Roderick R. Butler; Ranking Member: Josiah T. Walls)
 * Mines and Mining (Chairman: David P. Lowe; Ranking Member: Christopher C. Sheats)
 * Naval Affairs (Chairman: Glenni W. Scofield; Ranking Member: John H. Burleigh)
 * Pacific Railroads (Chairman: Philetus Sawyer; Ranking Member: James W. McDill)
 * Patents (Chairman: Omar D. Conger; Ranking Member: Henry B. Sayler)
 * Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: John B. Packer; Ranking Member: Stephen A. Cobb)
 * Private Land Claims (Chairman: Jasper Packard; Ranking Member: James C. Freeman)
 * Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: James H. Platt Jr.; Ranking Member: Lloyd Lowndes Jr.)
 * Public Expenditures (Chairman: Harrison E. Havens; Ranking Member: Josiah W. Begole)
 * Public Lands (Chairman: Washington Townsend; Ranking Member: William A. Phillips)
 * Railways and Canals (Chairman: George W. McCrary; Ranking Member: Alexander W. Taylor)
 * Reform on Civil Service (Chairman: Stephen W. Kellogg; Ranking Member: James D. Strawbridge)
 * Revision of Laws (Chairman: Luke P. Poland; Ranking Member: William S. Moore)
 * Revolutionary Pensions and War of 1812 (Chairman: Lazarus D. Shoemaker; Ranking Member: William Crutchfield)
 * Rules (Select) (Chairman: James G. Blaine; Ranking Member: Samuel S. Cox)
 * Standards of Official Conduct
 * Territories (Chairman: George C. McKee; Ranking Member: Greenbury L. Fort)
 * War Claims (Chairman: William Lawrence; Ranking Member: Abraham H. Smith)
 * Ways and Means (Chairman: Henry L. Dawes; Ranking Member: Lionel A. Sheldon)
 * Whole

Joint committees

 * Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
 * Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Rep. Chester B. Darrall; Vice Chairman: Rep. Henry R. Harris)
 * Inquire into the Affairs of the District of Columbia (Select) (Chairman: Rep. Jeremiah M. Wilson; Vice Chairman: Rep. Hugh J. Jewett)
 * The Library (Chairman: Rep. William P. Frye; Vice Chairman: Rep. Hiester Clymer)
 * Printing (Chairman: Rep. William G. Donnan; Vice Chairman: Rep. Alfred M. Waddell)

Caucuses

 * Democratic (House)
 * Democratic (Senate)

Legislative branch agency directors

 * Architect of the Capitol: Edward Clark
 * Librarian of Congress: Ainsworth Rand Spofford

Senate

 * Chaplain: John P. Newman (Methodist), until December 8, 1873
 * Byron Sunderland (Presbyterian), elected December 8, 1873
 * Librarian: George S. Wagner
 * Secretary: George C. Gorham
 * Sergeant at Arms: John R. French

House of Representatives

 * Chaplain: John G. Butler (Presbyterian)
 * Clerk: Edward McPherson
 * Clerk at the Speaker’s Table: John M. Barclay
 * Doorkeeper: Otis S. Buxton
 * Postmaster: Henry Sherwood, elected December 1, 1873
 * Reading Clerks: Charles N. Clisbee (D) and William K. Mehaffey (R)
 * Sergeant at Arms: Nehemiah G. Ordway