40th United States Congress

The 40th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1867, to March 4, 1869, during the third and fourth years of Andrew Johnson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1860 United States census. Both chambers had a Republican majority. In the Senate, the Republicans had the largest majority a party has ever held.

Major events

 * March 30, 1867: Alaska Purchase
 * February 24, 1868: Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
 * May 16, 1868: President Johnson acquitted
 * May 26, 1868: President Johnson acquitted again
 * November 3, 1868: 1868 presidential election: Ulysses S. Grant (R) defeated Horatio Seymour (D)
 * December 25, 1868: President Johnson granted unconditional pardons to all Civil War rebels
 * January 20, 1869: Elizabeth Cady Stanton was the first woman to testify before Congress

Major legislation

 * Three Military Reconstruction Acts, continued:
 * March 23, 1867, ch. 6,
 * July 19, 1867, ch. 30,
 * March 11, 1868, ch. 25,
 * July 27, 1868: Expatriation Act of 1868, ch. 249,

Constitutional amendments

 * July 10, 1868: Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution declared ratified
 * February 26, 1869: Approved an amendment to the Constitution prohibiting the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude", and submitted it to the state legislatures for ratification
 * Amendment was later ratified on February 3, 1870, becoming the Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

Treaty

 * April 29, 1868: Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868),, signed
 * February 16, 1869: Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868) ratified

Territories organized

 * July 25, 1868: Wyoming Territory organized, Sess. 2, ch. 135,

Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

During this Congress, Arkansas, Florida, Alabama, North Carolina, Louisiana, and South Carolina were readmitted to representation in both the Senate and the House. Georgia was readmitted with representation in the House only.

Senate

 * President: Vacant
 * President pro tempore: Benjamin Wade (R)
 * Republican Conference Chairman: Henry B. Anthony
 * Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: James Rood Doolittle

House of Representatives

 * Speaker: Schuyler Colfax (R), until March 3, 1869
 * Theodore M. Pomeroy (R), elected March 3, 1869. Served for 1 day.

Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.


 * Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1868 or 1869; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1870 or 1871; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1872 or 1873.

Alabama

 * 2. Willard Warner (R), from July 13, 1868
 * 3. George E. Spencer (R), from July 13, 1868

Arkansas

 * 2. Alexander McDonald (R), from June 22, 1868
 * 3. Benjamin F. Rice (R), from June 23, 1868

California

 * 1. John Conness (R)
 * 3. Cornelius Cole (R)

Connecticut

 * 1. James Dixon (R)
 * 3. Orris S. Ferry (R)

Delaware

 * 1. George Read Riddle (D), until March 29, 1867
 * James A. Bayard Jr. (D), from April 11, 1867
 * 2. Willard Saulsbury Sr. (D)

Florida

 * 1. Adonijah Welch (R), from June 17, 1868
 * 3. Thomas W. Osborn (R), from June 25, 1868

Georgia

 * 2. Vacant
 * 3. Vacant

Illinois

 * 2. Richard Yates (R)
 * 3. Lyman Trumbull (R)

Indiana

 * 1. Thomas A. Hendricks (D)
 * 3. Oliver H. P. T. Morton (R)

Iowa

 * 2. James W. Grimes (R)
 * 3. James Harlan (R)

Kansas

 * 2. Edmund G. Ross (R)
 * 3. Samuel C. Pomeroy (R)

Kentucky

 * 2. James Guthrie (D), until February 7, 1868
 * Thomas C. McCreery (D), from February 19, 1868
 * 3. Garrett Davis (D)

Louisiana

 * 2. John S. Harris (R), from July 8, 1868
 * 3. William Pitt Kellogg (R), from July 9, 1868

Maine

 * 1. Lot M. Morrill (R)
 * 2. William P. Fessenden (R)

Maryland

 * 1. Reverdy Johnson (D), until July 10, 1868
 * William Pinkney Whyte (D), from July 13, 1868
 * 3. George Vickers (D), from March 7, 1868

Massachusetts

 * 1. Charles Sumner (R)
 * 2. Henry Wilson (R)

Michigan

 * 1. Zachariah Chandler (R)
 * 2. Jacob M. Howard (R)

Minnesota

 * 1. Alexander Ramsey (R)
 * 2. Daniel S. Norton (R)

Mississippi

 * 1. Vacant
 * 2. Vacant

Missouri

 * 1. John B. Henderson (R)
 * 3. Charles D. Drake (R)

Nebraska

 * 1. Thomas Tipton (R)
 * 2. John M. Thayer (R)

Nevada

 * 1. William M. Stewart (R)
 * 3. James W. Nye (R)

New Hampshire

 * 2. Aaron H. Cragin (R)
 * 3. James W. Patterson (R)

New Jersey

 * 1. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen (R)
 * 2. Alexander G. Cattell (R)

New York

 * 1. Edwin D. Morgan (R)
 * 3. Roscoe Conkling (R)

North Carolina

 * 2. Joseph C. Abbott (R), from July 14, 1868
 * 3. John Pool (R), from July 14, 1868

Ohio

 * 1. Benjamin Wade (R)
 * 3. John Sherman (R)

Oregon

 * 2. George H. Williams (R)
 * 3. Henry W. Corbett (R)

Pennsylvania

 * 1. Charles R. Buckalew (D)
 * 3. Simon Cameron (R)

Rhode Island

 * 1. William Sprague IV (R)
 * 2. Henry B. Anthony (R)

South Carolina

 * 2. Thomas J. Robertson (R), from July 15, 1868
 * 3. Frederick A. Sawyer (R), from July 16, 1868

Tennessee

 * 1. David T. Patterson (D)
 * 2. Joseph S. Fowler (R)

Texas

 * 1. Vacant
 * 2. Vacant

Vermont

 * 1. George F. Edmunds (R)
 * 3. Justin S. Morrill (R)

Virginia

 * 1. Vacant
 * 2. Vacant

West Virginia

 * 1. Peter G. Van Winkle (R)
 * 2. Waitman T. Willey (R)

Wisconsin

 * 1. James R. Doolittle (R)
 * 3. Timothy O. Howe (R)





House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Alabama

 * Alabama's 1st congressional district. Francis W. Kellogg (R), from July 22, 1868
 * Alabama's 2nd congressional district. Charles W. Buckley (R), from July 21, 1868
 * Alabama's 3rd congressional district. Benjamin W. Norris (R), from July 21, 1868
 * Alabama's 4th congressional district. Charles W. Pierce (R), from July 21, 1868
 * Alabama's 5th congressional district. John B. Callis (R), from July 21, 1868
 * Alabama's 6th congressional district. Thomas Haughey (R), from July 21, 1868

Arkansas

 * Arkansas's 1st congressional district. Logan H. Roots (R), from June 22, 1868
 * Arkansas's 2nd congressional district. James M. Hinds (R), June 22, 1868 – October 22, 1868
 * James T. Elliott (R), from January 13, 1869
 * Arkansas's 3rd congressional district. Thomas Boles (R), from June 22, 1868

California

 * California's 1st congressional district. Samuel B. Axtell (D)
 * California's 2nd congressional district. William Higby (R)
 * California's 3rd congressional district. James A. Johnson (D)

Connecticut

 * Connecticut's 1st congressional district. Richard D. Hubbard (D)
 * Connecticut's 2nd congressional district. Julius Hotchkiss (D)
 * Connecticut's 3rd congressional district. Henry H. Starkweather (R)
 * Connecticut's 4th congressional district. William H. Barnum (D)

Delaware

 * At-large. John A. Nicholson (D)

Florida

 * At-large. Charles M. Hamilton (R), from July 1, 1868

Georgia

 * Georgia's 1st congressional district. Joseph W. Clift (R), from July 25, 1868
 * Georgia's 2nd congressional district. Nelson Tift (D), from July 25, 1868
 * Georgia's 3rd congressional district. William P. Edwards (R), from July 25, 1868
 * Georgia's 4th congressional district. Samuel F. Gove (R), from July 25, 1868
 * Georgia's 5th congressional district. Charles H. Prince (R), from July 25, 1868
 * Georgia's 6th congressional district. Vacant
 * Georgia's 7th congressional district. Pierce M. B. Young (D), from July 25, 1868

Illinois

 * Illinois's 1st congressional district. Norman B. Judd (R)
 * Illinois's 2nd congressional district. John F. Farnsworth (R)
 * Illinois's 3rd congressional district. Elihu B. Washburne (R)
 * Illinois's 4th congressional district. Abner C. Harding (R)
 * Illinois's 5th congressional district. Ebon C. Ingersoll (R)
 * Illinois's 6th congressional district. Burton C. Cook (R)
 * Illinois's 7th congressional district. Henry P. H. Bromwell (R)
 * Illinois's 8th congressional district. Shelby M. Cullom (R)
 * Illinois's 9th congressional district. Lewis W. Ross (D)
 * Illinois's 10th congressional district. Albert G. Burr (D)
 * Illinois's 11th congressional district. Samuel S. Marshall (D)
 * Illinois's 12th congressional district. Jehu Baker (R)
 * Illinois's 13th congressional district. Green B. Raum (R)
 * At-large. John A. Logan (R)

Indiana

 * Indiana's 1st congressional district. William E. Niblack (D)
 * Indiana's 2nd congressional district. Michael C. Kerr (D)
 * Indiana's 3rd congressional district. Morton C. Hunter (R)
 * Indiana's 4th congressional district. William S. Holman (D)
 * Indiana's 5th congressional district. George W. Julian (R)
 * Indiana's 6th congressional district. John Coburn (R)
 * Indiana's 7th congressional district. Henry D. Washburn (R)
 * Indiana's 8th congressional district. Godlove S. Orth (R)
 * Indiana's 9th congressional district. Schuyler Colfax (R)
 * Indiana's 10th congressional district. William Williams (R)
 * Indiana's 11th congressional district. John P. C. Shanks (R)

Iowa

 * Iowa's 1st congressional district. James F. Wilson (R)
 * Iowa's 2nd congressional district. Hiram Price (R)
 * Iowa's 3rd congressional district. William B. Allison (R)
 * Iowa's 4th congressional district. William Loughridge (R)
 * Iowa's 5th congressional district. Grenville M. Dodge (R)
 * Iowa's 6th congressional district. Asahel W. Hubbard (R)

Kansas

 * At-large. Sidney Clarke (R)

Kentucky

 * Kentucky's 1st congressional district. Lawrence S. Trimble (D)
 * Kentucky's 2nd congressional district. Vacant
 * Kentucky's 3rd congressional district. Elijah Hise (D), until May 8, 1867
 * Jacob Golladay (D), from December 5, 1867
 * Kentucky's 4th congressional district. J. Proctor Knott (D)
 * Kentucky's 5th congressional district. Asa Grover (D)
 * Kentucky's 6th congressional district. Thomas L. Jones (D)
 * Kentucky's 7th congressional district. James B. Beck (D)
 * Kentucky's 8th congressional district. George M. Adams (D)
 * Kentucky's 9th congressional district. Samuel McKee (R), from June 22, 1868

Louisiana

 * Louisiana's 1st congressional district. J. Hale Sypher (R), from July 18, 1868
 * Louisiana's 2nd congressional district. James Mann (D), July 18, 1868 – August 26, 1868
 * Louisiana's 3rd congressional district. Joseph P. Newsham (R), from July 18, 1868
 * Louisiana's 4th congressional district. Michel Vidal (R), from July 18, 1868
 * Louisiana's 5th congressional district. W. Jasper Blackburn (R), from July 18, 1868

Maine

 * Maine's 1st congressional district. John Lynch (R)
 * Maine's 2nd congressional district. Sidney Perham (R)
 * Maine's 3rd congressional district. James G. Blaine (R)
 * Maine's 4th congressional district. John A. Peters (R)
 * Maine's 5th congressional district. Frederick A. Pike (R)

Maryland

 * Maryland's 1st congressional district. Hiram McCullough (D)
 * Maryland's 2nd congressional district. Stevenson Archer (D)
 * Maryland's 3rd congressional district. Charles E. Phelps (C)
 * Maryland's 4th congressional district. Francis Thomas (R)
 * Maryland's 5th congressional district. Frederick Stone (D)

Massachusetts

 * Massachusetts's 1st congressional district. Thomas D. Eliot (R)
 * Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district. Oakes Ames (R)
 * Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district. Ginery Twichell (R)
 * Massachusetts's 4th congressional district. Samuel Hooper (R)
 * Massachusetts's 5th congressional district. Benjamin F. Butler (R)
 * Massachusetts's 6th congressional district. Nathaniel P. Banks (R)
 * Massachusetts's 7th congressional district. George S. Boutwell (R)
 * Massachusetts's 8th congressional district. John D. Baldwin (R)
 * Massachusetts's 9th congressional district. William B. Washburn (R)
 * Massachusetts's 10th congressional district. Henry L. Dawes (R)

Michigan

 * Michigan's 1st congressional district. Fernando C. Beaman (R)
 * Michigan's 2nd congressional district. Charles Upson (R)
 * Michigan's 3rd congressional district. Austin Blair (R)
 * Michigan's 4th congressional district. Thomas W. Ferry (R)
 * Michigan's 5th congressional district. Rowland E. Trowbridge (R)
 * Michigan's 6th congressional district. John F. Driggs (R)

Minnesota

 * Minnesota's 1st congressional district. William Windom (R)
 * Minnesota's 2nd congressional district. Ignatius L. Donnelly (R)

Mississippi

 * Mississippi's 1st congressional district. Vacant
 * Mississippi's 2nd congressional district. Vacant
 * Mississippi's 3rd congressional district. Vacant
 * Mississippi's 4th congressional district. Vacant
 * Mississippi's 5th congressional district. Vacant

Missouri

 * Missouri's 1st congressional district. William A. Pile (R)
 * Missouri's 2nd congressional district. Carman A. Newcomb (R)
 * Missouri's 3rd congressional district. Thomas E. Noell (D), until October 3, 1867
 * James R. McCormick (D), from December 17, 1867
 * Missouri's 4th congressional district. Joseph J. Gravely (R)
 * Missouri's 5th congressional district. Joseph W. McClurg (R), until July 1868
 * John H. Stover (R), from December 7, 1868
 * Missouri's 6th congressional district. Robert T. Van Horn (R)
 * Missouri's 7th congressional district. Benjamin F. Loan (R)
 * Missouri's 8th congressional district. John F. Benjamin (R)
 * Missouri's 9th congressional district. George W. Anderson (R)

Nebraska

 * At-large. John Taffe (R)

Nevada

 * At-large. Delos R. Ashley (R)

New Hampshire

 * New Hampshire's 1st congressional district. Jacob H. Ela (R)
 * New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district. Aaron F. Stevens (R)
 * New Hampshire's 3rd congressional district. Jacob Benton (R)

New Jersey

 * New Jersey's 1st congressional district. William Moore (R)
 * New Jersey's 2nd congressional district. Charles Haight (D)
 * New Jersey's 3rd congressional district. Charles Sitgreaves (D)
 * New Jersey's 4th congressional district. John Hill (R)
 * New Jersey's 5th congressional district. George A. Halsey (R)

New York

 * New York's 1st congressional district. Stephen Taber (D)
 * New York's 2nd congressional district. Demas Barnes (D)
 * New York's 3rd congressional district. William E. Robinson (D)
 * New York's 4th congressional district. John Fox (D)
 * New York's 5th congressional district. John Morrissey (D)
 * New York's 6th congressional district. Thomas E. Stewart (CR)
 * New York's 7th congressional district. John W. Chanler (D)
 * New York's 8th congressional district. James Brooks (D)
 * New York's 9th congressional district. Fernando Wood (D)
 * New York's 10th congressional district. William H. Robertson (R)
 * New York's 11th congressional district. Charles H. Van Wyck (R)
 * New York's 12th congressional district. John H. Ketcham (R)
 * New York's 13th congressional district. Thomas Cornell (R)
 * New York's 14th congressional district. John V. L. Pruyn (D)
 * New York's 15th congressional district. John Augustus Griswold (R)
 * New York's 16th congressional district. Orange Ferriss (R)
 * New York's 17th congressional district. Calvin T. Hulburd (R)
 * New York's 18th congressional district. James M. Marvin (R)
 * New York's 19th congressional district. William C. Fields (R)
 * New York's 20th congressional district. Addison H. Laflin (R)
 * New York's 21st congressional district. Roscoe Conkling (R), until March 4, 1867
 * Alexander H. Bailey (R), from November 30, 1867
 * New York's 22nd congressional district. John C. Churchill (R)
 * New York's 23rd congressional district. Dennis McCarthy (R)
 * New York's 24th congressional district. Theodore M. Pomeroy (R)
 * New York's 25th congressional district. William H. Kelsey (R)
 * New York's 26th congressional district. William S. Lincoln (R)
 * New York's 27th congressional district. Hamilton Ward Sr. (R)
 * New York's 28th congressional district. Lewis Selye (IR)
 * New York's 29th congressional district. Burt Van Horn (R)
 * New York's 30th congressional district. James M. Humphrey (D)
 * New York's 31st congressional district. Henry H. Van Aernam (R)

North Carolina

 * North Carolina's 1st congressional district. John R. French (R), from July 15, 1868
 * North Carolina's 2nd congressional district. David Heaton (R), from July 25, 1868
 * North Carolina's 3rd congressional district. Oliver H. Dockery (R), from July 13, 1868
 * North Carolina's 4th congressional district. John T. Deweese (R), from July 6, 1868
 * North Carolina's 5th congressional district. Israel G. Lash (R), from July 20, 1868
 * North Carolina's 6th congressional district. Nathaniel Boyden (C), from July 13, 1868
 * North Carolina's 7th congressional district. Alexander H. Jones (R), from July 6, 1868

Ohio

 * Ohio's 1st congressional district. Benjamin Eggleston (R)
 * Ohio's 2nd congressional district. Rutherford B. Hayes (R), until July 20, 1867
 * Samuel F. Cary (IR), from November 21, 1867
 * Ohio's 3rd congressional district. Robert C. Schenck (R)
 * Ohio's 4th congressional district. William Lawrence (R)
 * Ohio's 5th congressional district. William Mungen (D)
 * Ohio's 6th congressional district. Reader W. Clarke (R)
 * Ohio's 7th congressional district. Samuel Shellabarger (R)
 * Ohio's 8th congressional district. Cornelius S. Hamilton (R), until December 22, 1867
 * John Beatty (R), from February 5, 1868
 * Ohio's 9th congressional district. Ralph P. Buckland (R)
 * Ohio's 10th congressional district. James M. Ashley (R)
 * Ohio's 11th congressional district. John T. Wilson (R)
 * Ohio's 12th congressional district. Philadelph Van Trump (D)
 * Ohio's 13th congressional district. George W. Morgan (D), until June 3, 1868
 * Columbus Delano (R), from June 3, 1868
 * Ohio's 14th congressional district. Martin Welker (R)
 * Ohio's 15th congressional district. Tobias A. Plants (R)
 * Ohio's 16th congressional district. John Bingham (R)
 * Ohio's 17th congressional district. Ephraim R. Eckley (R)
 * Ohio's 18th congressional district. Rufus P. Spalding (R)
 * Ohio's 19th congressional district. James A. Garfield (R)

Oregon

 * At-large. Rufus Mallory (R)

Pennsylvania

 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district. Samuel J. Randall (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district. Charles O'Neill (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district. Leonard Myers (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district. William D. Kelley (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 5th congressional district. Caleb N. Taylor (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district. Benjamin M. Boyer (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district. John M. Broomall (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district. J. Lawrence Getz (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district. Thaddeus Stevens (R), until August 11, 1868
 * Oliver J. Dickey (R), from December 7, 1868
 * Pennsylvania's 10th congressional district. Henry L. Cake (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 11th congressional district. Daniel M. Van Auken (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district. Charles Denison (D), until June 27, 1867
 * George W. Woodward (D), from November 21, 1867
 * Pennsylvania's 13th congressional district. Ulysses Mercur (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 14th congressional district. George F. Miller (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 15th congressional district. Adam J. Glossbrenner (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 16th congressional district. William H. Koontz (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 17th congressional district. Daniel J. Morrell (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district. Stephen F. Wilson (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 19th congressional district. Glenni W. Scofield (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 20th congressional district. Darwin A. Finney (R), until August 25, 1868
 * S. Newton Pettis (R), from December 7, 1868
 * Pennsylvania's 21st congressional district. John Covode (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 22nd congressional district. James K. Moorhead (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 23rd congressional district. Thomas Williams (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 24th congressional district. George V. Lawrence (R)

Rhode Island

 * Rhode Island's 1st congressional district. Thomas Jenckes (R)
 * Rhode Island's 2nd congressional district. Nathan F. Dixon Jr. (R)

South Carolina

 * South Carolina's 1st congressional district. B. Frank Whittemore (R), from July 18, 1868
 * South Carolina's 2nd congressional district. Christopher C. Bowen (R), from July 18, 1868
 * South Carolina's 3rd congressional district. M. Simeon Corley (R), from July 25, 1868
 * South Carolina's 4th congressional district. James H. Goss (R), from July 18, 1868

Tennessee

 * Tennessee's 1st congressional district. Roderick R. Butler (R)
 * Tennessee's 2nd congressional district. Horace Maynard (R)
 * Tennessee's 3rd congressional district. William B. Stokes (R)
 * Tennessee's 4th congressional district. James Mullins (R)
 * Tennessee's 5th congressional district. John Trimble (R)
 * Tennessee's 6th congressional district. Samuel M. Arnell (R)
 * Tennessee's 7th congressional district. Isaac R. Hawkins (R)
 * Tennessee's 8th congressional district. David A. Nunn (R)

Texas

 * Texas's 1st congressional district. Vacant
 * Texas's 2nd congressional district. Vacant
 * Texas's 3rd congressional district. Vacant
 * Texas's 4th congressional district. Vacant

Vermont

 * Vermont's 1st congressional district. Frederick E. Woodbridge (R)
 * Vermont's 2nd congressional district. Luke P. Poland (R)
 * Vermont's 3rd congressional district. Worthington C. Smith (R)

Virginia

 * Virginia's 1st congressional district. Vacant
 * Virginia's 2nd congressional district. Vacant
 * Virginia's 3rd congressional district. Vacant
 * Virginia's 4th congressional district. Vacant
 * Virginia's 5th congressional district. Vacant
 * Virginia's 6th congressional district. Vacant
 * Virginia's 7th congressional district. Vacant
 * Virginia's 8th congressional district. Vacant

West Virginia

 * West Virginia's 1st congressional district. Chester D. Hubbard (R)
 * West Virginia's 2nd congressional district. Bethuel Kitchen (R)
 * West Virginia's 3rd congressional district. Daniel Polsley (R)

Wisconsin

 * Wisconsin's 1st congressional district. Halbert E. Paine (R)
 * Wisconsin's 2nd congressional district. Benjamin F. Hopkins (R)
 * Wisconsin's 3rd congressional district. Amasa Cobb (R)
 * Wisconsin's 4th congressional district. Charles A. Eldredge (D)
 * Wisconsin's 5th congressional district. Philetus Sawyer (R)
 * Wisconsin's 6th congressional district. Cadwallader C. Washburn (R)

Non-voting members

 * Arizona Territory's at-large congressional district. Coles Bashford (I)
 * Colorado Territory's at-large congressional district. George M. Chilcott (R)
 * Dakota Territory's at-large congressional district. Walter A. Burleigh (R)
 * Idaho Territory's at-large congressional district. Edward D. Holbrook (D)
 * Montana Territory's at-large congressional district. James M. Cavanaugh (D)
 * New Mexico Territory's at-large congressional district. Charles P. Clever (D), from September 2, 1867 - February 20, 1869
 * J. Francisco Chaves (R), from February 20, 1869
 * New Mexico Territory's at-large congressional district. William H. Hooper (D)
 * Washington Territory's at-large congressional district. Alvan Flanders (R)

40 us house membership.png]] Theodore Medad Pomeroy - Brady-Handy.jpg]]

Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

 * Replacements: 3
 * Democratic: 0 seat net loss
 * Republican: 0 seat net gain
 * Deaths: 1
 * Resignations: 2
 * Interim appointments: 1
 * Seats from newly re-admitted states: 12
 * Total seats with changes: 16


 * Delaware (1)
 * nowrap | George R. Riddle (D)
 * Died March 29, 1867. Successor appointed April 5, 1867. Appointee was subsequently elected January 19, 1869, to finish the term.
 * nowrap | James A. Bayard Jr. (D)
 * April 5, 1867
 * April 5, 1867


 * Kentucky (2)
 * nowrap | James Guthrie (D)
 * Resigned February 7, 1868, because of failing health. Successor elected February 19, 1868.
 * nowrap | Thomas C. McCreery (D)
 * February 19, 1868
 * February 19, 1868


 * Maryland (3)
 * Vacant
 * Filled vacancy caused by action of the Senate in declining to permit Philip F. Thomas to qualify. Successor elected March 7, 1868.
 * nowrap | George Vickers (D)
 * March 7, 1868
 * March 7, 1868


 * Florida (1)
 * Vacant
 * Florida re-admitted to the Union
 * nowrap | Adonijah Welch (R)
 * June 17, 1868
 * June 17, 1868


 * Arkansas (2)
 * rowspan=2 | Vacant
 * rowspan=2 | Arkansas re-admitted to the Union
 * nowrap | Alexander McDonald (R)
 * June 22, 1868
 * June 22, 1868


 * Arkansas (3)
 * nowrap | Benjamin F. Rice (R)
 * June 23, 1868
 * June 23, 1868


 * Florida (3)
 * Vacant
 * Florida re-admitted to the Union
 * nowrap | Thomas W. Osborn (R)
 * June 25, 1868
 * June 25, 1868


 * Louisiana (2)
 * rowspan=2 | Vacant
 * rowspan=2 | Louisiana re-admitted to the Union
 * nowrap | John S. Harris (R)
 * July 8, 1868
 * July 8, 1868


 * Louisiana (3)
 * nowrap | William P. Kellogg (R)
 * July 9, 1868
 * July 9, 1868


 * Alabama (2)
 * rowspan=2 | Vacant
 * rowspan=2 | Alabama re-admitted to the Union
 * nowrap | Willard Warner (R)
 * rowspan=3 | July 13, 1868
 * rowspan=3 | July 13, 1868


 * Alabama (3)
 * nowrap | George E. Spencer (R)
 * nowrap | George E. Spencer (R)


 * Maryland (1)
 * nowrap | Reverdy Johnson (D)
 * Resigned July 10, 1868, to become U.S. Ambassador to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Successor appointed July 13, 1868.
 * nowrap | William P. Whyte (D)
 * nowrap | William P. Whyte (D)


 * North Carolina (2)
 * rowspan=2 | Vacant
 * rowspan=2 | North Carolina re-admitted to the Union
 * nowrap | Joseph C. Abbott (R)
 * rowspan=2 | July 14, 1868
 * rowspan=2 | July 14, 1868


 * North Carolina (3)
 * nowrap | John Pool (R)
 * nowrap | John Pool (R)


 * South Carolina (2)
 * rowspan=2 | Vacant
 * rowspan=2 | South Carolina re-admitted to the Union
 * nowrap | Thomas J. Robertson (R)
 * July 15, 1868
 * July 15, 1868


 * South Carolina (3)
 * nowrap | Frederick A. Sawyer (R)
 * July 16, 1868
 * July 16, 1868


 * }

House of Representatives

 * Replacements: 10
 * Democratic: 2 seat net loss
 * Republican: 0 seat net gain
 * Independent Republican: 1 seat net gain
 * Conservative: 0 seat net gain
 * Deaths: 8
 * Resignations: 3
 * Contested election: 3
 * Seats from re-admitted states: 32
 * Total seats with changes: 44


 * New Mexico Territory's at-large congressional district
 * Vacant
 * Vacancy in term
 * nowrap | Charles P. Clever (D)
 * September 2, 1867
 * September 2, 1867


 * Arkansas's 1st congressional district
 * rowspan=3 | Vacant
 * rowspan=3  | Arkansas re-admitted into the Union
 * nowrap | Logan H. Roots (R)
 * rowspan=3 | June 22, 1868
 * rowspan=3 | June 22, 1868


 * Arkansas's 2nd congressional district
 * nowrap | James M. Hinds (R)
 * nowrap | James M. Hinds (R)


 * Arkansas's 3rd congressional district
 * nowrap | Thomas Boles (R)
 * nowrap | Thomas Boles (R)


 * Kentucky's 9th congressional district
 * Vacant
 * John D. Young presented credentials but failed to qualify. Election was contested by McKee.
 * nowrap | Samuel McKee (R)
 * June 22, 1868
 * June 22, 1868


 * Florida's at-large congressional district
 * Vacant
 * Florida re-admitted into the Union
 * nowrap | Charles M. Hamilton (R)
 * July 1, 1868
 * July 1, 1868


 * North Carolina's 4th congressional district
 * rowspan=5 | Vacant
 * rowspan=5  | North Carolina re-admitted into the Union
 * nowrap | John T. Deweese (R)
 * rowspan=2 | July 6, 1868
 * rowspan=2 | July 6, 1868


 * North Carolina's 7th congressional district
 * nowrap | Alexander H. Jones (R)
 * nowrap | Alexander H. Jones (R)


 * North Carolina's 3rd congressional district
 * nowrap | Oliver H. Dockery (R)
 * rowspan=2 | July 13, 1868
 * rowspan=2 | July 13, 1868


 * North Carolina's 6th congressional district
 * nowrap | Nathaniel Boyden (C)
 * nowrap | Nathaniel Boyden (C)


 * North Carolina's 1st congressional district
 * nowrap | John R. French (R)
 * July 15, 1868
 * July 15, 1868


 * Louisiana's 1st congressional district
 * rowspan=5 | Vacant
 * rowspan=5  | Louisiana re-admitted into the Union
 * nowrap | J. Hale Sypher (R)
 * rowspan=5 | July 18, 1868
 * rowspan=5 | July 18, 1868


 * Louisiana's 2nd congressional district
 * nowrap | James Mann (D)
 * nowrap | James Mann (D)


 * Louisiana's 3rd congressional district
 * nowrap | Joseph P. Newsham (R)
 * nowrap | Joseph P. Newsham (R)


 * Louisiana's 4th congressional district
 * nowrap | Michel Vidal (R)
 * nowrap | Michel Vidal (R)


 * Louisiana's 5th congressional district
 * nowrap | W. Jasper Blackburn (R)
 * nowrap | W. Jasper Blackburn (R)


 * South Carolina's 1st congressional district
 * rowspan=3 | Vacant
 * rowspan=3  | South Carolina re-admitted into the Union
 * nowrap | Benjamin F. Whittemore (R)
 * rowspan=3 | July 18, 1868
 * rowspan=3 | July 18, 1868


 * South Carolina's 2nd congressional district
 * nowrap | Christopher C. Bowen (R)
 * nowrap | Christopher C. Bowen (R)


 * South Carolina's 4th congressional district
 * nowrap | James H. Goss (R)
 * nowrap | James H. Goss (R)


 * North Carolina's 5th congressional district
 * Vacant
 * North Carolina re-admitted into the Union
 * nowrap | Israel G. Lash (R)
 * July 20, 1868
 * July 20, 1868


 * Alabama's 2nd congressional district
 * rowspan=6 | Vacant
 * rowspan=6  | Alabama re-admitted into the Union
 * nowrap | Charles W. Buckley (R)
 * rowspan=5 | July 21, 1868
 * rowspan=5 | July 21, 1868


 * Alabama's 3rd congressional district
 * nowrap | Benjamin W. Norris (R)
 * nowrap | Benjamin W. Norris (R)


 * Alabama's 4th congressional district
 * nowrap | Charles W. Pierce (R)
 * nowrap | Charles W. Pierce (R)


 * Alabama's 5th congressional district
 * nowrap | John B. Callis (R)
 * nowrap | John B. Callis (R)


 * Alabama's 6th congressional district
 * nowrap | Thomas Haughey (R)
 * nowrap | Thomas Haughey (R)


 * Alabama's 1st congressional district
 * nowrap | Francis W. Kellogg (R)
 * July 22, 1868
 * July 22, 1868


 * Georgia's 1st congressional district
 * rowspan=6 | Vacant
 * rowspan=6  | Georgia re-admitted into the Union
 * nowrap | Joseph W. Clift (R)
 * rowspan=6 | July 25, 1868
 * rowspan=6 | July 25, 1868


 * Georgia's 2nd congressional district
 * nowrap | Nelson Tift (D)
 * nowrap | Nelson Tift (D)


 * Georgia's 3rd congressional district
 * nowrap | William P. Edwards (R)
 * nowrap | William P. Edwards (R)


 * Georgia's 4th congressional district
 * nowrap | Samuel F. Gove (R)
 * nowrap | Samuel F. Gove (R)


 * Georgia's 5th congressional district
 * nowrap | Charles H. Prince (R)
 * nowrap | Charles H. Prince (R)


 * Georgia's 7th congressional district
 * nowrap | Pierce M. B. Young (D)
 * nowrap | Pierce M. B. Young (D)


 * North Carolina's 2nd congressional district
 * Vacant
 * North Carolina re-admitted into the Union
 * nowrap | David Heaton (R)
 * July 25, 1868
 * July 25, 1868


 * South Carolina's 1st congressional district
 * Vacant
 * South Carolina re-admitted into the Union
 * nowrap | Manuel S. Corley (R)
 * July 25, 1868
 * July 25, 1868


 * New York's 21st congressional district
 * nowrap | Roscoe Conkling (R)
 * Resigned March 4, 1867, after being elected to the US Senate
 * nowrap | Alexander H. Bailey (R)
 * November 30, 1867
 * November 30, 1867


 * Kentucky's 3rd congressional district
 * nowrap | Elijah Hise (D)
 * Died May 8, 1867
 * nowrap | Jacob Golladay (D)
 * December 5, 1867
 * December 5, 1867


 * Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district
 * nowrap | Charles Denison (D)
 * Died June 27, 1867
 * nowrap | George W. Woodward (D)
 * November 21, 1867
 * November 21, 1867


 * Ohio's 2nd congressional district
 * nowrap | Rutherford B. Hayes (R)
 * Resigned July 20, 1867, after being nominated Governor of Ohio
 * nowrap | Samuel F. Cary (IR)
 * November 21, 1867
 * November 21, 1867


 * Missouri's 3rd congressional district
 * nowrap | Thomas E. Noell (D)
 * Died October 3, 1867
 * nowrap | James R. McCormick (D)
 * December 17, 1867
 * December 17, 1867


 * Ohio's 8th congressional district
 * nowrap | Cornelius S. Hamilton (R)
 * Killed by insane son December 22, 1867
 * nowrap | John Beatty (R)
 * February 5, 1868
 * February 5, 1868


 * Ohio's 13th congressional district
 * nowrap | George W. Morgan (D)
 * Lost contested election June 3, 1868
 * nowrap | Columbus Delano (R)
 * June 3, 1868
 * June 3, 1868


 * Missouri's 5th congressional district
 * nowrap | Joseph W. McClurg (R)
 * Resigned in July 1868
 * nowrap | John H. Stover (R)
 * December 7, 1868
 * December 7, 1868


 * Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district
 * nowrap | Thaddeus Stevens (R)
 * Died August 11, 1868
 * nowrap | Oliver J. Dickey (R)
 * December 7, 1868
 * December 7, 1868


 * Pennsylvania's 20th congressional district
 * nowrap | Darwin A. Finney (R)
 * Died August 25, 1868
 * nowrap | S. Newton Pettis (R)
 * December 7, 1868
 * December 7, 1868


 * Louisiana's 2nd congressional district
 * nowrap | James Mann (D)
 * Died August 26, 1868
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Not filled this term


 * Arkansas's 2nd congressional district
 * nowrap | James M. Hinds (R)
 * Assassinated October 22, 1868
 * nowrap | James T. Elliott (R)
 * January 13, 1869
 * January 13, 1869


 * New Mexico Territory's at-large congressional district
 * nowwap | Charles P. Clever (D)
 * Lost contested election February 20, 1869
 * nowrap | J. Francisco Chaves (R)
 * February 20, 1869
 * February 20, 1869


 * }

Senate

 * Agriculture (Chairman: Simon Cameron; Ranking Member: Thomas W. Tipton)
 * Appropriations (Chairman: Lot M. Morrill; Ranking Member: Cornelius Cole)
 * Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: Aaron H. Cragin; Ranking Member: Charles R. Buckalew)
 * Claims (Chairman: Timothy O. Howe; Ranking Member: Justin S. Morrill)
 * Commerce (Chairman: Zachariah Chandler; Ranking Member: Henry W. Corbett)
 * Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
 * District of Columbia (Chairman: James Harlan; Ranking Member: James W. Patterson)
 * Education
 * Engrossed Bills (Chairman: Joseph S. Fowler; Ranking Member: Daniel S. Norton)
 * Finance (Chairman: John Sherman; Ranking Member: Alexander G. Cattell)
 * Foreign Relations (Chairman: Charles Sumner; Ranking Member: Oliver P. Morton)
 * Impeachment of President Andrew Johnson (Select)
 * Impeachment Trial Investigation (Select)
 * Indian Affairs (Chairman: John B. Henderson; Ranking Member: John M. Thayer)
 * Judiciary (Chairman: Lyman Trumbull; Ranking Member: Roscoe Conkling)
 * Manufactures (Chairman: William Sprague IV; Ranking Member: Cornelius Cole)
 * Military Affairs and the Militia (Chairman: Henry Wilson; Ranking Member: Oliver P. Morton)
 * Mines and Mining (Chairman: John Conness; Ranking Member: Richard Yates)
 * Naval Affairs (Chairman: James W. Grimes; Ranking Member: Frederick T. Frelinghuysen)
 * Ninth Census (Select)
 * Ordnance and War Ships (Select) (Chairman: Jacob M. Howard; Ranking Member: Charles D. Drake)
 * Pacific Railroad (Chairman: Jacob M. Howard; Ranking Member: William M. Stewart)
 * Patents and the Patent Office (Chairman: Waitman T. Willey; Ranking Member: Orris S. Ferry)
 * Pensions (Chairman: Peter G. Van Winkle; Ranking Member: Thomas W. Tipton)
 * Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Alexander Ramsey; Ranking Member: James Harlan)
 * Private Land Claims (Chairman: Godlove Stein Orth; Ranking Member: Daniel S. Norton)
 * Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: William P. Fessenden; Ranking Member: Orris S. Ferry)
 * Public Lands (Chairman: Samuel C. Pomeroy; Ranking Member: George H. Williams)
 * Representative Reform (Select)
 * Retrenchment (Chairman: George F. Edmunds; Ranking Member: James W. Patterson)
 * Revision of the Laws (Chairman: Roscoe Conkling; Ranking Member: N/A)
 * Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: James W. Nye; Ranking Member: David T. Patterson)
 * Rules
 * Tariff Regulation (Select)
 * Territories (Chairman: Richard Yates; Ranking Member: Alexander Ramsey)
 * Treasury Printing Bureau (Select)
 * Whole

House of Representatives

 * Accounts (Chairman: John M. Broomall; Ranking Member: William C. Fields)
 * Agriculture (Chairman: Rowland E. Trowbridge; Ranking Member: John T. Wilson)
 * Appropriations (Chairman: Thaddeus Stevens; Ranking Member: Benjamin F. Butler)
 * Banking and Currency (Chairman: Theodore M. Pomeroy; Ranking Member: Norman B. Judd)
 * Claims (Chairman: John A. Bingham; Ranking Member: Amasa Cobb)
 * Coinage, Weights and Measures (Chairman: William D. Kelley; Ranking Member: John Hill)
 * Commerce (Chairman: Elihu B. Washburne; Ranking Member: James M. Humphrey)
 * District of Columbia (Chairman: Ebon C. Ingersoll; Ranking Member: Fernando Wood)
 * Education and Labor (Chairman: Jehu Baker; Ranking Member: Thomas Cornell)
 * Elections (Chairman: Henry L. Dawes; Ranking Member: Burton C. Cook)
 * Expenditures in the Interior Department (Chairman: Chester D. Hubbard; Ranking Member: Ginery Twichell)
 * Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: Charles Upson; Ranking Member: Francis Thomas)
 * Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: William A. Pile; Ranking Member: John H. Ketcham)
 * Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: Samuel M. Arnell; Ranking Member: Reader W. Clarke)
 * Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: James M. Marvin; Ranking Member: Bethuel M. Kitchen)
 * Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: William Williams; Ranking Member: Charles E. Phelps)
 * Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: Cadwallader C. Washburn; Ranking Member: Stevenson Archer)
 * Freedmen's Affairs (Chairman: Thomas D. Eliot; Ranking Member: Daniel J. Morrell)
 * Foreign Affairs (Chairman: Nathaniel P. Banks; Ranking Member: Austin Blair)
 * Indian Affairs (Chairman: William Windom; Ranking Member: Glenni W. Scofield)
 * Invalid Pensions (Chairman: Sidney Perham; Ranking Member: George F. Miller)
 * Judiciary (Chairman: James F. Wilson; Ranking Member: William Lawrence)
 * Manufactures (Chairman: Daniel J. Morrell; Ranking Member: William Moore)
 * Mileage (Chairman: George W. Anderson; Ranking Member: Green B. Raum)
 * Military Affairs (Chairman: James A. Garfield; Ranking Member: Green B. Raum)
 * Militia (Chairman: Halbert E. Paine; Ranking Member: Austin Blair)
 * Mines and Mining (Chairman: William Higby; Ranking Member: Morton C. Hunter)
 * Naval Affairs (Chairman: Frederick A. Pike; Ranking Member: Thomas W. Ferry)
 * Pacific Railroads (Chairman: Hiram Price; Ranking Member: Oakes Ames)
 * Patents (Chairman: Thomas A. Jenckes; Ranking Member: Henry P.H. Bromwell)
 * Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: John F. Farnsworth; Ranking Member: John Lynch)
 * Private Land Claims (Chairman: Godlove Stein Orth; Ranking Member: Alexander H. Bailey)
 * Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: John Covode; Ranking Member: William Moore)
 * Public Expenditures (Chairman: Calvin T. Hulburd; Ranking Member: John Coburn)
 * Public Lands (Chairman: George W. Julian; Ranking Member: George W. Anderson)
 * Revisal and Unfinished Business (Chairman: Luke P. Poland; Ranking Member: William Windom)
 * Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: Hamilton Ward; Ranking Member: Daniel Polsley)
 * Revolutionary Pensions and the War of 1812 (Chairman: Benjamin F. Loan; Ranking Member: Lewis Selye)
 * Roads and Canals (Chairman: Burton C. Cook; Ranking Member: Grenville M. Dodge)
 * Rules (Select) (Chairman: Schuyler Colfax; Ranking Member: James G. Blaine)
 * Standards of Official Conduct
 * Territories (Chairman: James M. Ashley; Ranking Member: James Mullins)
 * Ways and Means (Chairman: Robert C. Schenck; Ranking Member: John A. Logan)
 * Whole

Joint committees

 * Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
 * Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Rep. Stephen F. Wilson; Vice Chairman: Rep. William S. Holman)
 * The Library (Chairman: John D. Baldwin; Vice Chairman: Rep. Rufus P. Spalding)
 * Printing (Chairman: Rep. Addison H. Laflin; Vice Chairman: Rep. Henry L. Cake)
 * Ordnance (Select) (Chairman: Rep. John A. Logan; Vice Chairman: Rep. Robert C. Schenck)
 * Reorganize the Civil Service in the Departments
 * Retrenchment (Chairman: Rep. Charles H. Van Wyck; Vice Chairman: Rep. Thomas A. Jenckes)
 * Revise and Equalize the Pay of the Employees of Each House
 * To Examine the Accounts for Repairs and Furnishing of the Executive Mansion (Chairman: Rep. Rufus P. Spalding; Vice Chairman: Rep. Adam J. Glossbrenner)

Caucuses

 * Democratic (House)
 * Democratic (Senate)

Legislative branch agency directors

 * Architect of the Capitol: Edward Clark, appointed August 30, 1865
 * Librarian of Congress: Ainsworth Rand Spofford

Senate

 * Chaplain of the Senate: Edgar H. Gray (Baptist)
 * Secretary of the Senate: John W. Forney, until June 4, 1868
 * George C. Gorham, elected June 4, 1868
 * Sergeant at Arms of the Senate: George T. Brown

House of Representatives

 * Chaplain of the House: Charles B. Boynton (Congregationalist)
 * Clerk of the House: Edward McPherson
 * Doorkeeper of the House: Charles E. Lippincott
 * Messenger to the Speaker: William D. Todd
 * Postmaster of the House: William S. King
 * Reading Clerks: Edward W. Barber (D) and William K. Mehaffey (R)
 * Sergeant at Arms of the House: Nehemiah G. Ordway