49th United States Congress

The 49th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1885, to March 4, 1887, during the first two years of Grover Cleveland's first presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1880 United States census. The Senate had a Republican majority, and the House had a Democratic majority.

Major events



 * March 4, 1885: Grover Cleveland became President of the United States
 * November 25, 1885: Vice President Thomas A. Hendricks died

Major legislation

 * January 19, 1886: Presidential Succession Act of 1886, ch. 4,
 * February 3, 1887: Electoral Count Act, ch. 90,
 * February 4, 1887: Interstate Commerce Act, ch. 104,
 * February 8, 1887: Indian General Allotment Act ("Dawes Act"), ch. 119,
 * March 2, 1887: Agricultural Experiment Stations Act of 1887
 * March 2, 1887: Hatch Act of 1887, ch. 314,
 * March 3, 1887: Tucker Act, ch. 359,
 * March 3, 1887: Edmunds–Tucker Act, ch. 397

Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

House of Representatives
[[File:49 us house membership.png|thumb|400px|

Senate

 * President: Thomas A. Hendricks (D), until November 25, 1885; vacant thereafter
 * President pro tempore: John Sherman (R), December 7, 1885 – February 26, 1887
 * John J. Ingalls (R), from February 26, 1887
 * Republican Conference Chairman: George F. Edmunds
 * Democratic Caucus Chairman: James B. Beck
 * Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Arthur Pue Gorman

House of Representatives

 * Speaker: John G. Carlisle (D)
 * Minority Leader: Thomas B. Reed
 * Democratic Caucus Chairman: John Randolph Tucker
 * Republican Conference Chairman: Joseph Gurney Cannon

Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1886; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1888; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1890.

Alabama

 * 2. John T. Morgan (D)
 * 3. James L. Pugh (D)

Arkansas

 * 2. Augustus H. Garland (D), until March 6, 1885
 * James H. Berry (D), from March 20, 1885
 * 3. James K. Jones (D)

California

 * 1. John F. Miller (R), until March 8, 1886
 * George Hearst (D), March 23 – August 4, 1886
 * Abram P. Williams (R), from August 4, 1886
 * 3. Leland Stanford (R)

Colorado

 * 2. Thomas M. Bowen (R)
 * 3. Henry M. Teller (R)

Connecticut

 * 1. Joseph R. Hawley (R)
 * 3. Orville H. Platt (R)

Delaware

 * 1. Thomas F. Bayard (D), until March 6, 1885
 * George Gray (D), from March 18, 1885
 * 2. Eli Saulsbury (D)

Florida

 * 1. Charles W. Jones (D)
 * 3. Wilkinson Call (D)

Georgia

 * 2. Alfred H. Colquitt (D)
 * 3. Joseph E. Brown (D)

Illinois

 * 2. Shelby M. Cullom (R)
 * 3. John A. Logan (R), May 19, 1885 – December 26, 1886
 * Charles B. Farwell (R), from January 19, 1887

Indiana

 * 1. Benjamin Harrison (R)
 * 3. Daniel W. Voorhees (D)

Iowa

 * 2. James F. Wilson (R)
 * 3. William B. Allison (R)

Kansas

 * 2. Preston B. Plumb (R)
 * 3. John J. Ingalls (R)

Kentucky

 * 2. James B. Beck (D)
 * 3. Joseph C. S. Blackburn (D)

Louisiana

 * 2. Randall L. Gibson (D)
 * 3. James B. Eustis (D)

Maine

 * 1. Eugene Hale (R)
 * 2. William P. Frye (R)

Maryland

 * 1. Arthur Pue Gorman (D)
 * 3. Ephraim K. Wilson II (D)

Massachusetts

 * 1. Henry L. Dawes (R)
 * 2. George F. Hoar (R)

Michigan

 * 1. Omar D. Conger (R)
 * 2. Thomas W. Palmer (R)

Minnesota

 * 1. Samuel J. R. McMillan (R)
 * 2. Dwight M. Sabin (R)

Mississippi

 * 1. James Z. George (D)
 * 2. Lucius Q. C. Lamar (D), until March 6, 1885
 * Edward C. Walthall (D), from March 9, 1885

Missouri

 * 1. Francis Cockrell (D)
 * 3. George G. Vest (D)

Nebraska

 * 1. Charles H. Van Wyck (R)
 * 2. Charles F. Manderson (R)

Nevada

 * 1. James G. Fair (D)
 * 3. John P. Jones (R)

New Hampshire

 * 2. Austin F. Pike (R), until October 8, 1886
 * Person C. Cheney (R), from November 24, 1886
 * 3. Henry W. Blair (R), from March 5, 1885

New Jersey

 * 1. William J. Sewell (R)
 * 2. John R. McPherson (D)

New York

 * 1. Warner Miller (R)
 * 3. William M. Evarts (R)

North Carolina

 * 2. Matt W. Ransom (D)
 * 3. Zebulon B. Vance (D)

Ohio

 * 1. John Sherman (R)
 * 3. Henry B. Payne (D)

Oregon

 * 2. Joseph N. Dolph (R)
 * 3. John H. Mitchell (R), from November 18, 1885

Pennsylvania

 * 1. John I. Mitchell (R)
 * 3. J. Donald Cameron (R)

Rhode Island

 * 1. Nelson W. Aldrich (R)
 * 2. Jonathan Chace (R)

South Carolina

 * 2. Matthew C. Butler (D)
 * 3. Wade Hampton III (D)

Tennessee

 * 1. Howell E. Jackson (D), until April 14, 1886
 * Washington C. Whitthorne (D), from April 16, 1886
 * 2. Isham G. Harris (D)

Texas

 * 1. Samuel B. Maxey (D)
 * 2. Richard Coke (D)

Vermont

 * 1. George F. Edmunds (R)
 * 3. Justin S. Morrill (R)

Virginia

 * 1. William Mahone (RA)
 * 2. Harrison H. Riddleberger (RA)

West Virginia

 * 1. Johnson N. Camden (D)
 * 2. John E. Kenna (D)

Wisconsin

 * 1. Philetus Sawyer (R)
 * 3. John C. Spooner (R)





House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives are listed by district.

Alabama

 * Alabama's 1st congressional district. James T. Jones (D)
 * Alabama's 2nd congressional district. Hilary A. Herbert (D)
 * Alabama's 3rd congressional district. William C. Oates (D)
 * Alabama's 4th congressional district. Alexander C. Davidson (D)
 * Alabama's 5th congressional district. Thomas W. Sadler (D)
 * Alabama's 6th congressional district. John M. Martin (D)
 * Alabama's 7th congressional district. William H. Forney (D)
 * Alabama's 8th congressional district. Joseph Wheeler (D)

Arkansas

 * Arkansas's 1st congressional district. Poindexter Dunn (D)
 * Arkansas's 2nd congressional district. Clifton R. Breckinridge (D)
 * Arkansas's 3rd congressional district. Thomas C. McRae (D), from December 7, 1885
 * Arkansas's 4th congressional district. John H. Rogers (D)
 * Arkansas's 5th congressional district. Samuel W. Peel (D)

California

 * California's 1st congressional district. Barclay Henley (D)
 * California's 2nd congressional district. James A. Louttit (R)
 * California's 3rd congressional district. Joseph McKenna (R)
 * California's 4th congressional district. William W. Morrow (R)
 * California's 5th congressional district. Charles N. Felton (R)
 * California's 6th congressional district. Henry H. Markham (R)

Colorado

 * Colorado's at-large congressional district. George G. Symes (R)

Connecticut

 * Connecticut's 1st congressional district. John R. Buck (R)
 * Connecticut's 2nd congressional district. Charles L. Mitchell (D)
 * Connecticut's 3rd congressional district. John T. Wait (R)
 * Connecticut's 4th congressional district. Edward W. Seymour (D)

Delaware

 * Delaware's at-large congressional district. Charles B. Lore (D)

Florida

 * Florida's 1st congressional district. Robert H. M. Davidson (D)
 * Florida's 2nd congressional district. Charles Dougherty (D)

Georgia

 * Georgia's 1st congressional district. Thomas M. Norwood (D)
 * Georgia's 2nd congressional district. Henry G. Turner (D)
 * Georgia's 3rd congressional district. Charles F. Crisp (D)
 * Georgia's 4th congressional district. Henry R. Harris (D)
 * Georgia's 5th congressional district. Nathaniel J. Hammond (D)
 * Georgia's 6th congressional district. James H. Blount (D)
 * Georgia's 7th congressional district. Judson C. Clements (D)
 * Georgia's 8th congressional district. Seaborn Reese (D)
 * Georgia's 9th congressional district. Allen D. Candler (D)
 * Georgia's 10th congressional district. George T. Barnes (D)

Illinois

 * Illinois's 1st congressional district. Ransom W. Dunham (R)
 * Illinois's 2nd congressional district. Frank Lawler (D)
 * Illinois's 3rd congressional district. James H. Ward (D)
 * Illinois's 4th congressional district. George E. Adams (R)
 * Illinois's 5th congressional district. Reuben Ellwood (R), until July 1, 1885
 * Albert J. Hopkins (R), from December 7, 1885
 * Illinois's 6th congressional district. Robert R. Hitt (R)
 * Illinois's 7th congressional district. Thomas J. Henderson (R)
 * Illinois's 8th congressional district. Ralph Plumb (R)
 * Illinois's 9th congressional district. Lewis E. Payson (R)
 * Illinois's 10th congressional district. Nicholas E. Worthington (D)
 * Illinois's 11th congressional district. William H. Neece (D)
 * Illinois's 12th congressional district. James M. Riggs (D)
 * Illinois's 13th congressional district. William M. Springer (D)
 * Illinois's 14th congressional district. Jonathan H. Rowell (R)
 * Illinois's 15th congressional district. Joseph G. Cannon (R)
 * Illinois's 16th congressional district. Silas Z. Landes (D)
 * Illinois's 17th congressional district. John R. Eden (D)
 * Illinois's 18th congressional district. William R. Morrison (D)
 * Illinois's 19th congressional district. Richard W. Townshend (D)
 * Illinois's 20th congressional district. John R. Thomas (R)

Indiana

 * Indiana's 1st congressional district. John J. Kleiner (D)
 * Indiana's 2nd congressional district. Thomas R. Cobb (D)
 * Indiana's 3rd congressional district. Jonas G. Howard (D)
 * Indiana's 4th congressional district. William S. Holman (D)
 * Indiana's 5th congressional district. Courtland C. Matson (D)
 * Indiana's 6th congressional district. Thomas M. Browne (R)
 * Indiana's 7th congressional district. William D. Bynum (D)
 * Indiana's 8th congressional district. James T. Johnston (R)
 * Indiana's 9th congressional district. Thomas B. Ward (D)
 * Indiana's 10th congressional district. William D. Owen (R)
 * Indiana's 11th congressional district. George W. Steele (R)
 * Indiana's 12th congressional district. Robert Lowry (D)
 * Indiana's 13th congressional district. George Ford (D)

Iowa

 * Iowa's 1st congressional district. Benton J. Hall (D)
 * Iowa's 2nd congressional district. Jeremiah H. Murphy (D)
 * Iowa's 3rd congressional district. David B. Henderson (R)
 * Iowa's 4th congressional district. William E. Fuller (R)
 * Iowa's 5th congressional district. Benjamin T. Frederick (D)
 * Iowa's 6th congressional district. James B. Weaver (GB)
 * Iowa's 7th congressional district. Edwin H. Conger (R)
 * Iowa's 8th congressional district. William P. Hepburn (R)
 * Iowa's 9th congressional district. Joseph Lyman (R)
 * Iowa's 10th congressional district. Adoniram J. Holmes (R)
 * Iowa's 11th congressional district. Isaac S. Struble (R)

Kansas

 * Kansas's 1st congressional district. Edmund N. Morrill (R)
 * Kansas's 2nd congressional district. Edward H. Funston (R)
 * Kansas's 3rd congressional district. Bishop W. Perkins (R)
 * Kansas's 4th congressional district. Thomas Ryan (R)
 * Kansas's 5th congressional district. John A. Anderson (R)
 * Kansas's 6th congressional district. Lewis Hanback (R)
 * Kansas's 7th congressional district. Samuel R. Peters (R)

Kentucky

 * Kentucky's 1st congressional district. William J. Stone (D)
 * Kentucky's 2nd congressional district. Polk Laffoon (D)
 * Kentucky's 3rd congressional district. John E. Halsell (D)
 * Kentucky's 4th congressional district. Thomas A. Robertson (D)
 * Kentucky's 5th congressional district. Albert S. Willis (D)
 * Kentucky's 6th congressional district. John G. Carlisle (D)
 * Kentucky's 7th congressional district. William C. P. Breckinridge (D)
 * Kentucky's 8th congressional district. James B. McCreary (D)
 * Kentucky's 9th congressional district. William H. Wadsworth (R)
 * Kentucky's 10th congressional district. William P. Taulbee (D)
 * Kentucky's 11th congressional district. Frank L. Wolford (D)

Louisiana

 * Louisiana's 1st congressional district. Louis St. Martin (D)
 * Louisiana's 2nd congressional district. Michael Hahn (R), until March 15, 1886
 * Nathaniel D. Wallace (D), from December 9, 1886
 * Louisiana's 3rd congressional district. Edward J. Gay (D)
 * Louisiana's 4th congressional district. Newton C. Blanchard (D)
 * Louisiana's 5th congressional district. J. Floyd King (D)
 * Louisiana's 6th congressional district. Alfred B. Irion (D)

Maine

 * Maine's 1st congressional district. Thomas B. Reed (R)
 * Maine's 2nd congressional district. Nelson Dingley Jr. (R)
 * Maine's 3rd congressional district. Seth L. Milliken (R)
 * Maine's 4th congressional district. Charles A. Boutelle (R)

Maryland

 * Maryland's 1st congressional district. Charles H. Gibson (D)
 * Maryland's 2nd congressional district. Frank T. Shaw (D)
 * Maryland's 3rd congressional district. William H. Cole (D), until July 8, 1886
 * Henry W. Rusk (D), from November 2, 1886
 * Maryland's 4th congressional district. John V. L. Findlay (D)
 * Maryland's 5th congressional district. Barnes Compton (D)
 * Maryland's 6th congressional district. Louis E. McComas (R)

Massachusetts

 * Massachusetts's 1st congressional district. Robert T. Davis (R)
 * Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district. John D. Long (R)
 * Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district. Ambrose A. Ranney (R)
 * Massachusetts's 4th congressional district. Patrick A. Collins (D)
 * Massachusetts's 5th congressional district. Edward D. Hayden (R)
 * Massachusetts's 6th congressional district. Henry B. Lovering (D)
 * Massachusetts's 7th congressional district. Eben F. Stone (R)
 * Massachusetts's 8th congressional district. Charles H. Allen (R)
 * Massachusetts's 9th congressional district. Frederick D. Ely (R)
 * Massachusetts's 10th congressional district. William W. Rice (R)
 * Massachusetts's 11th congressional district. William Whiting (R)
 * Massachusetts's 12th congressional district. Francis W. Rockwell (R)

Michigan

 * Michigan's 1st congressional district. William C. Maybury (D)
 * Michigan's 2nd congressional district. Nathaniel B. Eldredge (D)
 * Michigan's 3rd congressional district. James O'Donnell (R)
 * Michigan's 4th congressional district. Julius C. Burrows (R)
 * Michigan's 5th congressional district. Charles C. Comstock (D)
 * Michigan's 6th congressional district. Edwin B. Winans (D)
 * Michigan's 7th congressional district. Ezra C. Carleton (D)
 * Michigan's 8th congressional district. Timothy E. Tarsney (D)
 * Michigan's 9th congressional district. Byron M. Cutcheon (R)
 * Michigan's 10th congressional district. Spencer O. Fisher (D)
 * Michigan's 11th congressional district. Seth C. Moffatt (R)

Minnesota

 * Minnesota's 1st congressional district. Milo White (R)
 * Minnesota's 2nd congressional district. James B. Wakefield (R)
 * Minnesota's 3rd congressional district. Horace B. Strait (R)
 * Minnesota's 4th congressional district. John B. Gilfillan (R)
 * Minnesota's 5th congressional district. Knute Nelson (R)

Mississippi

 * Mississippi's 1st congressional district. John M. Allen (D)
 * Mississippi's 2nd congressional district. James B. Morgan (D)
 * Mississippi's 3rd congressional district. Thomas C. Catchings (D)
 * Mississippi's 4th congressional district. Frederick G. Barry (D)
 * Mississippi's 5th congressional district. Otho R. Singleton (D)
 * Mississippi's 6th congressional district. Henry S. Van Eaton (D)
 * Mississippi's 7th congressional district. Ethelbert Barksdale (D)

Missouri

 * Missouri's 1st congressional district. William H. Hatch (D)
 * Missouri's 2nd congressional district. John B. Hale (D)
 * Missouri's 3rd congressional district. Alexander M. Dockery (D)
 * Missouri's 4th congressional district. James N. Burnes (D)
 * Missouri's 5th congressional district. William Warner (R)
 * Missouri's 6th congressional district. John T. Heard (D)
 * Missouri's 7th congressional district. John E. Hutton (D)
 * Missouri's 8th congressional district. John J. O'Neill (D)
 * Missouri's 9th congressional district. John M. Glover (D)
 * Missouri's 10th congressional district. Martin L. Clardy (D)
 * Missouri's 11th congressional district. Richard P. Bland (D)
 * Missouri's 12th congressional district. William J. Stone (D)
 * Missouri's 13th congressional district. William H. Wade (R)
 * Missouri's 14th congressional district. William Dawson (D)

Nebraska

 * Nebraska's 1st congressional district. Archibald J. Weaver (R)
 * Nebraska's 2nd congressional district. James Laird (R)
 * Nebraska's 3rd congressional district. George W. E. Dorsey (R)

Nevada

 * Nevada's at-large congressional district. William Woodburn (R)

New Hampshire

 * New Hampshire's 1st congressional district. Martin A. Haynes (R)
 * New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district. Jacob H. Gallinger (R)

New Jersey

 * New Jersey's 1st congressional district. George Hires (R)
 * New Jersey's 2nd congressional district. James Buchanan (R)
 * New Jersey's 3rd congressional district. Robert S. Green (D), until January 17, 1887
 * New Jersey's 4th congressional district. James N. Pidcock (D)
 * New Jersey's 5th congressional district. William W. Phelps (R)
 * New Jersey's 6th congressional district. Herman Lehlbach (R)
 * New Jersey's 7th congressional district. William McAdoo (D)

New York

 * New York's 1st congressional district. Perry Belmont (D)
 * New York's 2nd congressional district. Felix Campbell (D)
 * New York's 3rd congressional district. Darwin R. James (R)
 * New York's 4th congressional district. Peter P. Mahoney (D)
 * New York's 5th congressional district. Archibald M. Bliss (D)
 * New York's 6th congressional district. Nicholas Muller (D)
 * New York's 7th congressional district. John J. Adams (D)
 * New York's 8th congressional district. Samuel S. Cox (D), until May 20, 1885
 * Timothy J. Campbell (D), from November 3, 1885
 * New York's 9th congressional district. Joseph Pulitzer (D), until April 10, 1886
 * Samuel S. Cox (D), from November 2, 1886
 * New York's 10th congressional district. Abram S. Hewitt (D), until December 30, 1886
 * New York's 11th congressional district. Truman A. Merriman (D)
 * New York's 12th congressional district. Abraham Dowdney (D), until December 10, 1886
 * New York's 13th congressional district. Egbert L. Viele (D)
 * New York's 14th congressional district. William G. Stahlnecker (D)
 * New York's 15th congressional district. Lewis Beach (D), until August 10, 1886
 * Henry Bacon (D), from December 6, 1886
 * New York's 16th congressional district. John H. Ketcham (R)
 * New York's 17th congressional district. James G. Lindsley (R)
 * New York's 18th congressional district. Henry G. Burleigh (R)
 * New York's 19th congressional district. John Swinburne (R)
 * New York's 20th congressional district. George West (R)
 * New York's 21st congressional district. Frederick A. Johnson (R)
 * New York's 22nd congressional district. Abraham X. Parker (R)
 * New York's 23rd congressional district. John T. Spriggs (D)
 * New York's 24th congressional district. John S. Pindar (D)
 * New York's 25th congressional district. Frank Hiscock (R)
 * New York's 26th congressional district. Stephen C. Millard (R)
 * New York's 27th congressional district. Sereno E. Payne (R)
 * New York's 28th congressional district. John Arnot Jr. (D), until November 20, 1886
 * New York's 29th congressional district. Ira Davenport (R)
 * New York's 30th congressional district. Charles S. Baker (R)
 * New York's 31st congressional district. John G. Sawyer (R)
 * New York's 32nd congressional district. John M. Farquhar (R)
 * New York's 33rd congressional district. John B. Weber (R)
 * New York's 34th congressional district. Walter L. Sessions (R)

North Carolina

 * North Carolina's 1st congressional district. Thomas G. Skinner (D)
 * North Carolina's 2nd congressional district. James E. O'Hara (R)
 * North Carolina's 3rd congressional district. Wharton J. Green (D)
 * North Carolina's 4th congressional district. William Ruffin Cox (D)
 * North Carolina's 5th congressional district. James W. Reid (D), until December 31, 1886
 * North Carolina's 6th congressional district. Risden T. Bennett (D)
 * North Carolina's 7th congressional district. John S. Henderson (D)
 * North Carolina's 8th congressional district. William H. H. Cowles (D)
 * North Carolina's 9th congressional district. Thomas D. Johnston (D)

Ohio

 * Ohio's 1st congressional district. Benjamin Butterworth (R)
 * Ohio's 2nd congressional district. Charles E. Brown (R)
 * Ohio's 3rd congressional district. James E. Campbell (D)
 * Ohio's 4th congressional district. Charles M. Anderson (D)
 * Ohio's 5th congressional district. Benjamin Le Fevre (D)
 * Ohio's 6th congressional district. William D. Hill (D)
 * Ohio's 7th congressional district. George E. Seney (D)
 * Ohio's 8th congressional district. John Little (R)
 * Ohio's 9th congressional district. William C. Cooper (R)
 * Ohio's 10th congressional district. Jacob Romeis (R)
 * Ohio's 11th congressional district. William W. Ellsberry (D)
 * Ohio's 12th congressional district. Albert C. Thompson (R)
 * Ohio's 13th congressional district. Joseph H. Outhwaite (D)
 * Ohio's 14th congressional district. Charles H. Grosvenor (R)
 * Ohio's 15th congressional district. Beriah Wilkins (D)
 * Ohio's 16th congressional district. George W. Geddes (D)
 * Ohio's 17th congressional district. Adoniram J. Warner (D)
 * Ohio's 18th congressional district. Isaac H. Taylor (R)
 * Ohio's 19th congressional district. Ezra B. Taylor (R)
 * Ohio's 20th congressional district. William McKinley (R)
 * Ohio's 21st congressional district. Martin A. Foran (D)

Oregon

 * Oregon's at-large congressional district. Binger Hermann (R)

Pennsylvania

 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district. Henry H. Bingham (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district. Charles O'Neill (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district. Samuel J. Randall (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district. William D. Kelley (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 5th congressional district. Alfred C. Harmer (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district. James B. Everhart (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district. I. Newton Evans (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district. Daniel Ermentrout (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district. John A. Hiestand (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 10th congressional district. William H. Sowden (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 11th congressional district. John B. Storm (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district. Joseph A. Scranton (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 13th congressional district. Charles N. Brumm (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 14th congressional district. Franklin Bound (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 15th congressional district. Frank C. Bunnell (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 16th congressional district. William W. Brown (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 17th congressional district. Jacob M. Campbell (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district. Louis E. Atkinson (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 19th congressional district. John A. Swope (D), from November 3, 1885
 * Pennsylvania's 20th congressional district. Andrew G. Curtin (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 21st congressional district. Charles E. Boyle (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 22nd congressional district. James S. Negley (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 23rd congressional district. Thomas M. Bayne (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 24th congressional district. Oscar L. Jackson (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 25th congressional district. Alexander C. White (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 26th congressional district. George W. Fleeger (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 27th congressional district. William L. Scott (D)
 * Pennsylvania's at-large congressional district. Edwin S. Osborne (R)

Rhode Island

 * Rhode Island's 1st congressional district. Henry J. Spooner (R)
 * Rhode Island's 2nd congressional district. William A. Pirce (R), until January 25, 1887
 * Charles H. Page (D), from February 21, 1887

South Carolina

 * South Carolina's 1st congressional district. Samuel Dibble (D)
 * South Carolina's 2nd congressional district. George D. Tillman (D)
 * South Carolina's 3rd congressional district. D. Wyatt Aiken (D)
 * South Carolina's 4th congressional district. William H. Perry (D)
 * South Carolina's 5th congressional district. John J. Hemphill (D)
 * South Carolina's 6th congressional district. George W. Dargan (D)
 * South Carolina's 7th congressional district. Robert Smalls (R)

Tennessee

 * Tennessee's 1st congressional district. Augustus H. Pettibone (R)
 * Tennessee's 2nd congressional district. Leonidas C. Houk (R)
 * Tennessee's 3rd congressional district. John R. Neal (D)
 * Tennessee's 4th congressional district. Benton McMillin (D)
 * Tennessee's 5th congressional district. James D. Richardson (D)
 * Tennessee's 6th congressional district. Andrew J. Caldwell (D)
 * Tennessee's 7th congressional district. John G. Ballentine (D)
 * Tennessee's 8th congressional district. John M. Taylor (D)
 * Tennessee's 9th congressional district. Presley T. Glass (D)
 * Tennessee's 10th congressional district. Zachary Taylor (R)

Texas

 * Texas's 1st congressional district. Charles Stewart (D)
 * Texas's 2nd congressional district. John H. Reagan (D)
 * Texas's 3rd congressional district. James H. Jones (D)
 * Texas's 4th congressional district. David B. Culberson (D)
 * Texas's 5th congressional district. James W. Throckmorton (D)
 * Texas's 6th congressional district. Olin Wellborn (D)
 * Texas's 7th congressional district. William H. Crain (D)
 * Texas's 8th congressional district. James F. Miller (D)
 * Texas's 9th congressional district. Roger Q. Mills (D)
 * Texas's 10th congressional district. Joseph D. Sayers (D)
 * Texas's 11th congressional district. Samuel W. T. Lanham (D)

Vermont

 * Vermont's 1st congressional district. John W. Stewart (R)
 * Vermont's 2nd congressional district. William W. Grout (R)

Virginia

 * Virginia's 1st congressional district. Thomas Croxton (D)
 * Virginia's 2nd congressional district. Harry Libbey (RA)
 * Virginia's 3rd congressional district. George D. Wise (D)
 * Virginia's 4th congressional district. James D. Brady (R)
 * Virginia's 5th congressional district. George Cabell (D)
 * Virginia's 6th congressional district. John W. Daniel (D)
 * Virginia's 7th congressional district. Charles T. O'Ferrall (D)
 * Virginia's 8th congressional district. John S. Barbour Jr. (D)
 * Virginia's 9th congressional district. Connally F. Trigg (D)
 * Virginia's 10th congressional district. John R. Tucker (D)

West Virginia

 * West Virginia's 1st congressional district. Nathan Goff (R)
 * West Virginia's 2nd congressional district. William L. Wilson (D)
 * West Virginia's 3rd congressional district. Charles P. Snyder (D)
 * West Virginia's 4th congressional district. Eustace Gibson (D)

Wisconsin

 * Wisconsin's 1st congressional district. Lucien B. Caswell (R)
 * Wisconsin's 2nd congressional district. Edward S. Bragg (D)
 * Wisconsin's 3rd congressional district. Robert M. La Follette Sr. (R)
 * Wisconsin's 4th congressional district. Isaac W. Van Schaick (R)
 * Wisconsin's 5th congressional district. Joseph Rankin (D), until January 24, 1886
 * Thomas R. Hudd (D), from March 8, 1886
 * Wisconsin's 6th congressional district. Richard W. Guenther (R)
 * Wisconsin's 7th congressional district. Ormsby B. Thomas (R)
 * Wisconsin's 8th congressional district. William T. Price (R), until December 6, 1886
 * Hugh H. Price (R), from January 18, 1887
 * Wisconsin's 9th congressional district. Isaac Stephenson (R)

Non-voting members

 * Arizona Territory's at-large congressional district. Curtis C. Bean (R)
 * Dakota Territory's at-large congressional district. Oscar S. Gifford (R)
 * Idaho Territory's at-large congressional district. John Hailey (D)
 * Montana Territory's at-large congressional district. Joseph Toole (D)
 * New Mexico Territory's at-large congressional district. Antonio Joseph (D)
 * Utah Territory's at-large congressional district. John T. Caine (D)
 * Washington Territory's at-large congressional district. Charles S. Voorhees (D)
 * Wyoming Territory's at-large congressional district. Joseph M. Carey (R)



Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

 * Replacements: 7
 * Democratic: 1 seat net gain
 * Republican: 1 seat net loss
 * Liberal Republican: 1 seat net loss
 * Deaths: 3
 * Resignations: 6
 * Interim appointments: 1
 * Total seats with changes: 9

House of Representatives

 * Replacements: 11
 * Democratic: 2 seat net gain
 * Republican: 2 seat net loss
 * Deaths: 8
 * Resignations: 7
 * Contested election: 1
 * Total seats with changes: 16

Senate

 * Additional Accommodations for the Library of Congress (Select) (Chairman: Daniel W. Voorhees; Ranking Member: Justin S. Morrill)
 * Agriculture and Forestry (Chairman: Warner Miller; Ranking Member: James Z. George)
 * Appropriations (Chairman: William B. Allison; Ranking Member: John A. Logan)
 * Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: John P. Jones; Ranking Member: Zebulon B. Vance)
 * Civil Service and Retrenchment (Chairman: Joseph R. Hawley; Ranking Member: Daniel W. Voorhees)
 * Claims (Chairman: Austin F. Pike; Ranking Member: Howell E. Jackson)
 * Coast Defenses (Chairman: Joseph N. Dolph; Ranking Member: Samuel B. Maxey)
 * Commerce (Chairman: Samuel J.R. McMillan; Ranking Member: Matt W. Ransom)
 * Compensation of Members of Congress (Select)
 * Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
 * District of Columbia (Chairman: John J. Ingalls; Ranking Member: Isham G. Harris)
 * Education and Labor (Chairman: Henry W. Blair; Ranking Member: Wilkinson Call)
 * Engrossed Bills (Chairman: Eli Saulsbury; Ranking Member: William B. Allison)
 * Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Thomas M. Bowen; Ranking Member: Alfred H. Colquitt)
 * Epidemic Diseases (Select) (Chairman: Isham G. Harris; Ranking Member: John C. Spooner)
 * Examine the Several Branches in the Civil Service (Chairman: Dwight M. Sabin; Ranking Member: Wade Hampton)
 * Executive Departments Methods (Select)
 * Expenditures of Public Money (Chairman: Shelby M. Cullom; Ranking Member: James B. Beck)
 * Finance (Chairman: Justin S. Morrill; Ranking Member: Daniel W. Voorhees)
 * Fisheries (Chairman: Thomas W. Palmer; Ranking Member: John T. Morgan)
 * Foreign Relations (Chairman: John Sherman; Ranking Member: John T. Morgan)
 * Indian Affairs (Chairman: Henry L. Dawes; Ranking Member: Samuel B. Maxey)
 * Indian Traders (Select)
 * Interstate Commerce (Select) (Chairman: Shelby M. Cullom; Ranking Member: N/A)
 * Judiciary (Chairman: George F. Edmunds; Ranking Member: William M. Evarts)
 * Library (Chairman: William J. Sewell; Ranking Member: Daniel W. Voorhees)
 * Manufactures (Chairman: Harrison H. Riddleberger; Ranking Member: Alfred H. Colquitt)
 * Military Affairs (Chairman: John A. Logan; Ranking Member: Charles F. Manderson)
 * Mines and Mining (Chairman: Henry M. Teller; Ranking Member: Wade Hampton)
 * Mississippi River and its Tributaries (Select) (Chairman: Charles H. Van Wyck; Ranking Member: Francis M. Cockrell)
 * Naval Affairs (Chairman: J. Donald Cameron; Ranking Member: John R. McPherson)
 * Nicaraguan Claims (Select) (Chairman: Samuel B. Maxey; Ranking Member: Benjamin Harrison)
 * Ordnance and War Ships (Select) (Chairman: Joseph R. Hawley; Ranking Member: Johnson N. Camden)
 * Patents (Chairman: J. Donald Cameron; Ranking Member: Johnson N. Camden)
 * Pensions (Chairman: John I. Mitchell; Ranking Member: Howell E. Jackson)
 * Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Omar D. Conger; Ranking Member: Samuel B. Maxey)
 * Potomac River Front (Select)
 * Printing (Chairman: Charles F. Manderson; Ranking Member: Arthur P. Gorman)
 * Private Land Claims (Chairman: Matt W. Ransom; Ranking Member: George F. Edmunds)
 * Privileges and Elections (Chairman: George F. Hoar; Ranking Member: Eli Saulsbury)
 * Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: William Mahone; Ranking Member: John T. Morgan)
 * Public Lands (Chairman: Preston B. Plumb; Ranking Member: John T. Morgan)
 * Railroads (Chairman: Philetus Sawyer; Ranking Member: Joseph E. Brown)
 * Revision of the Laws (Chairman: James F. Wilson; Ranking Member: John E. Kenna)
 * Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: Charles W. Jones; Ranking Member: Samuel J.R. McMillan)
 * Rules (Chairman: William P. Frye; Ranking Member: Isham G. Harris)
 * Tariff Regulation (Select)
 * Tenth Census (Select) (Chairman: Eugene Hale; Ranking Member: Richard Coke)
 * Territories (Chairman: Benjamin Harrison; Ranking Member: Matthew C. Butler)
 * Transportation Routes to the Seaboard (Chairman: Nelson W. Aldrich; Ranking Member: Randall L. Gibson)
 * Whole
 * Woman Suffrage (Select) (Chairman: Francis M. Cockrell; Ranking Member: Thomas W. Palmer)

House of Representatives

 * Accounts (Chairman: John T. Spriggs; Ranking Member: George E. Adams)
 * Admission to the Floor (Select)
 * Agriculture (Chairman: William H. Hatch; Ranking Member: Presley T. Glass)
 * Alcoholic Liquor Traffic (Select) (Chairman: James E. Campbell; Ranking Member: Truman A. Merriman)
 * American Ship building (Select) (Chairman: Poindexter Dunn; Ranking Member: Charles C. Comstock)
 * Appropriations (Chairman: Samuel J. Randall; Ranking Member: Joseph G. Cannon)
 * Banking and Currency (Chairman: James F. Miller; Ranking Member: John E. Hutton)
 * Claims (Chairman: William M. Springer; Ranking Member: William H. Sowden)
 * Coinage, Weights and Measures (Chairman: Richard P. Bland; Ranking Member: William D. Bynum)
 * Commerce (Chairman: John H. Reagan; Ranking Member: Alfred B. Irion)
 * District of Columbia (Chairman: John S. Barbour; Ranking Member: John T. Heard)
 * Education (Chairman: D. Wyatt Aiken; Ranking Member: Peter P. Mahoney)
 * Elections (Chairman: Henry G. Turner; Ranking Member: Benton J. Hall)
 * Enrolled Bills (Chairman: William H. Neece; Ranking Member: Adoniram J. Holmes)
 * Expenditures in the Interior Department (Chairman: James B. Weaver; Ranking Member: Charles N. Brumm)
 * Expenditures in the Justice Department (Chairman: Eustace Gibson; Ranking Member: Seth L. Milliken)
 * Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: John M. Taylor; Ranking Member: Jonathan H. Rowell)
 * Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: Seaborn Reese; Ranking Member: Zachary Taylor)
 * Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: Risden T. Bennett; Ranking Member: Joseph A. Scranton)
 * Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: Robert Lowry; Ranking Member: Michael Hahn)
 * Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: Thomas A. Robertson; Ranking Member: Frederick A. Johnson)
 * Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: Lewis Beach; Ranking Member: Augustus H. Pettibone)
 * Foreign Affairs (Chairman: Perry Belmont; Ranking Member: William H. Crain)
 * Indian Affairs (Chairman: Olin Wellborn; Ranking Member: James H. Ward)
 * Invalid Pensions (Chairman: Courtland C. Matson; Ranking Member: John S. Pindar)
 * Judiciary (Chairman: John R. Tucker; Ranking Member: Risden T. Bennett)
 * Labor (Chairman: John J. O'Neill; Ranking Member: William H. Crain)
 * Levees and Improvements of the Mississippi River (Chairman: J. Floyd King; Ranking Member: William Dawson)
 * Manufactures (Chairman: George D. Wise; Ranking Member: John S. Pindar)
 * Mileage (Chairman: John H. Rogers; Ranking Member: Ambrose A. Ranney)
 * Military Affairs (Chairman: Edward S. Bragg; Ranking Member: Charles M. Anderson)
 * Militia (Chairman: Nicholas Muller; Ranking Member: Barnes Compton)
 * Mines and Mining (Chairman: Martin L. Clardy; Ranking Member: Frederick G. Barry)
 * Naval Affairs (Chairman: Hilary A. Herbert; Ranking Member: Joseph D. Sayers)
 * Pacific Railroads (Chairman: James W. Throckmorton; Ranking Member: James D. Richardson)
 * Patents (Chairman: Charles L. Mitchell; Ranking Member: William H.H. Cowles)
 * Pensions (Chairman: Nathaniel B. Eldredge; Ranking Member: John E. Hutton)
 * Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: James H. Blount; Ranking Member: Frederick G. Barry)
 * Printing (Chairman: Ethelbert Barksdale; Ranking Member: John M. Farquhar)
 * Private Land Claims (Chairman: John E. Halsell; Ranking Member: Robert S. Green)
 * Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Samuel Dibble; Ranking Member: Thomas D. Johnston)
 * Public Lands (Chairman: Thomas R. Cobb; Ranking Member: Thomas Chipman McRae)
 * Railways and Canals (Chairman: Robert H. M. Davidson; Ranking Member: James N. Pidcock)
 * Revision of Laws (Chairman: William C. Oates; Ranking Member: John B. Hale)
 * Rivers and Harbors (Chairman: Albert S. Willis; Ranking Member: John M. Glover)
 * Rules (Chairman: John G. Carlisle; Ranking Member: Thomas B. Reed)
 * Standards of Official Conduct
 * Territories (Chairman: William D. Hill; Ranking Member: William Dawson)
 * War Claims (Chairman: George W. Geddes; Ranking Member: James W. Reid)
 * Ways and Means (Chairman: William R. Morrison; Ranking Member: William D. Kelley)
 * Whole

Joint committees

 * Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
 * The Library (Chairman: Otho R. Singleton; Vice Chairman: Charles O'Neill)
 * Printing
 * Scientific Bureaus

Caucuses

 * Democratic (House)
 * Democratic (Senate)

Legislative branch agency directors

 * Architect of the Capitol: Edward Clark
 * Librarian of Congress: Ainsworth Rand Spofford
 * Public Printer of the United States: Sterling P. Rounds, until 1886
 * Thomas E. Benedict, starting 1886

Senate

 * Secretary: Anson G. McCook
 * Librarian: George M. Weston
 * Sergeant at Arms: William P. Canady
 * Chaplain: Elias D. Huntley, Methodist, until March 15, 1886
 * John G. Butler, Lutheran, elected March 15, 1886

House of Representatives

 * Chaplain: John Summerfield Lindsay (Episcopalian), until December 7, 1885
 * William H. Milburn (Methodist), elected December 7, 1885
 * Doorkeeper: Samuel Donelson, elected December 7, 1885
 * Clerk: John B. Clark Jr.
 * Clerk at the Speaker's Table: Nathaniel T. Crutchfield
 * Postmaster: Lycurgus Dalton
 * Reading Clerks: Thomas S. Pettit (D) and Neill S. Brown Jr. (R)
 * Sergeant at Arms: John P. Leedom