36th United States Congress

The 36th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1859, to March 4, 1861, during the third and fourth years of James Buchanan's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1850 United States census. The Senate had a Democratic majority, and the House had a Republican plurality.

Major events

 * June 8, 1859: Comstock Lode discovered in the western Utah Territory (present-day Nevada)
 * August 27, 1859: First oil well was drilled in the United States, near Titusville, Pennsylvania
 * October 16–18, 1859: John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
 * December 2, 1859 John Brown executed.
 * December 5, 1859 – February 1, 1860: The election for the House speakership takes 44 ballots
 * April 3, 1860: Pony Express began its first run
 * April 23 – May 3, 1860: Democratic National Convention held in Charleston, South Carolina. Unable to agree on a nominee, the delegates voted to reconvene in June.
 * May 9, 1860: Constitutional Union Party National Convention held in Baltimore, Maryland, nominating John Bell for president.
 * May 18, 1860: Republican National Convention held in Chicago, Illinois, nominating Abraham Lincoln for president.
 * June 18–23, 1860: Democratic Party reconvened in Baltimore, Maryland, nominating Stephen A. Douglas for president.
 * June 26–28, 1860: Southern Democrats held a convention in Richmond, Virginia, nominating John C. Breckinridge for president.
 * November 6, 1860: U.S. presidential election: Abraham Lincoln beat John C. Breckinridge, Stephen A. Douglas, and John Bell.
 * December 20, 1860: South Carolina Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession
 * January 3, 1861: Delaware Secession Convention voted not to secede from the Union
 * January 9, 1861: Mississippi Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession
 * January 10, 1861: Florida Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession
 * January 11, 1861: Alabama Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession
 * January 18, 1861: Georgia Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession
 * January 26, 1861: Louisiana Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession
 * January 29, 1861. Kansas admitted to the Union as a free state.
 * February 1, 1861: Texas Secession Convention enacted an Ordinance of Secession
 * February 13, 1861: Joint Session of Congress certified the election of President Abraham Lincoln and Vice President Hannibal Hamlin.
 * February 23, 1861: The people of Texas ratified its Ordinance of Secession President-elect Abraham Lincoln arrived secretly in Washington, D.C. after an alleged assassination plot in Baltimore, Maryland.

Major legislation

 * June 16, 1860: Pacific Telegraph Act of 1860, ch. 147,
 * March 2, 1861: Morrill Tariff, ch. 68,
 * December 18, 1860 (introduced): Crittenden Compromise, rejected by the House of Representatives and the Senate

Constitutional amendments

 * March 2, 1861: Approved an amendment to the United States Constitution that would shield "domestic institutions" of the states (which in 1861 included slavery) from the constitutional amendment process and from abolition or interference by Congress, and submitted it to the state legislatures for ratification
 * This amendment, commonly known as the Corwin Amendment, has not been ratified and is still pending before the states.

Treaties

 * March 8, 1859: Quinault Treaty ratified,
 * March 8, 1859: Point No Point Treaty ratified,

States admitted and territories organized

 * January 29, 1861: Kansas admitted as a state, ch. 20,
 * February 28, 1861: Colorado Territory organized, ch. 59,
 * March 2, 1861: Nevada Territory organized, ch. 83,
 * March 2, 1861: Dakota Territory organized, ch. 86,

Senate

 * President: John C. Breckinridge (D)
 * President pro tempore: Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D), until February 26, 1860
 * Jesse D. Bright (D), June 12–26, 1860
 * Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D), June 26, 1860 – December 2, 1860
 * Solomon Foot (R), elected February 16, 1861

House of Representatives

 * Speaker: William Pennington (R), elected February 1, 1860, after 44 rounds of balloting
 * Democratic Caucus Chairman: George S. Houston

Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.


 * Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1862; Class 2 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1864; and Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1860.

Alabama

 * 2. Clement C. Clay Jr. (D), until January 21, 1861
 * 3. Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D), until January 21, 1861

Arkansas

 * 2. William K. Sebastian (D)
 * 3. Robert W. Johnson (D)

California

 * 1. David C. Broderick (D), until September 16, 1859
 * Henry P. Haun (D), November 3, 1859 – March 4, 1860
 * Milton Latham (D), from March 5, 1860
 * 3. William M. Gwin (D)

Connecticut

 * 1. James Dixon (R)
 * 3. Lafayette S. Foster (R)

Delaware

 * 1. James A. Bayard Jr. (D)
 * 2. Willard Saulsbury Sr. (D)

Florida

 * 1. Stephen Mallory (D), until January 21, 1861
 * 3. David Levy Yulee (D), until January 21, 1861

Georgia

 * 2. Robert Toombs (D), until February 4, 1861
 * 3. Alfred Iverson Sr. (D), until January 28, 1861

Illinois

 * 2. Stephen A. Douglas (D)
 * 3. Lyman Trumbull (R)

Indiana

 * 1. Jesse D. Bright (D)
 * 3. Graham N. Fitch (D)

Iowa

 * 2. James W. Grimes (R)
 * 3. James Harlan (R)

Kansas

 * 2. Vacant from January 29, 1861 (newly admitted state)
 * 3. Vacant from January 29, 1861 (newly admitted state)

Kentucky

 * 2. Lazarus W. Powell (D)
 * 3. John J. Crittenden (A)

Louisiana

 * 2. Judah P. Benjamin (D), until February 4, 1861
 * 3. John Slidell (D), until February 4, 1861

Maine

 * 1. Hannibal Hamlin (R), until January 17, 1861
 * Lot M. Morrill (R), from January 17, 1861
 * 2. William Pitt Fessenden (R)

Maryland

 * 1. Anthony Kennedy (A)
 * 3. James A. Pearce (D)

Massachusetts

 * 1. Charles Sumner (R)
 * 2. Henry Wilson (R)

Michigan

 * 1. Zachariah Chandler (R)
 * 2. Kinsley S. Bingham (R)

Minnesota

 * 1. Henry M. Rice (D)
 * 2. Morton S. Wilkinson (R)

Mississippi

 * 1. Jefferson Davis (D), until January 21, 1861
 * 2. Albert G. Brown (D), until January 12, 1861

Missouri

 * 1. Trusten Polk (D)
 * 3. James S. Green (D)

New Hampshire

 * 2. John P. Hale (R)
 * 3. Daniel Clark (R)

New Jersey

 * 1. John R. Thomson (D)
 * 2. John C. Ten Eyck (R)

New York

 * 1. Preston King (R)
 * 3. William H. Seward (R)

North Carolina

 * 2. Thomas Bragg (D)
 * 3. Thomas L. Clingman (D)

Ohio

 * 1. Benjamin Wade (R)
 * 3. George E. Pugh (D)

Oregon

 * 2. Edward D. Baker (R), from October 2, 1860
 * 3. Joseph Lane (D)

Pennsylvania

 * 1. Simon Cameron (R)
 * 3. William Bigler (D)

Rhode Island

 * 1. James F. Simmons (R)
 * 2. Henry B. Anthony (R)

South Carolina

 * 2. James Chesnut Jr. (D), until November 10, 1860
 * 3. James H. Hammond (D), until November 11, 1860

Tennessee

 * 1. Andrew Johnson (D)
 * 2. Alfred O. P. Nicholson (D), until March 3, 1861

Texas

 * 1. Matthias Ward (D), until December 5, 1859
 * Louis Wigfall (D), from December 5, 1859
 * 2. John Hemphill (D)

Vermont

 * 1. Solomon Foot (R)
 * 3. Jacob Collamer (R)

Virginia

 * 1. James M. Mason (D)
 * 2. Robert M. T. Hunter (D)

Wisconsin

 * 1. James R. Doolittle (R)
 * 3. Charles Durkee (R)





House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Alabama

 * Alabama's 1st congressional district. James A. Stallworth (D), until January 21, 1861
 * Alabama's 2nd congressional district. James L. Pugh (D), until January 21, 1861
 * Alabama's 3rd congressional district. David Clopton (D), until January 21, 1861
 * Alabama's 4th congressional district. Sydenham Moore (D), until January 21, 1861
 * Alabama's 5th congressional district. George S. Houston (D), until January 21, 1861
 * Alabama's 6th congressional district. Williamson R. W. Cobb (D), until January 30, 1861
 * Alabama's 7th congressional district. Jabez L. M. Curry (D), until January 21, 1861

Arkansas

 * Arkansas's 1st congressional district. Thomas C. Hindman (D)
 * Arkansas's 2nd congressional district. Albert Rust (D)

California

 * California's at-large congressional district. John C. Burch (D)
 * California's at-large congressional district. Charles L. Scott (D)

Connecticut

 * Connecticut's 1st congressional district. Dwight Loomis (R)
 * Connecticut's 2nd congressional district. John Woodruff (R)
 * Connecticut's 3rd congressional district. Alfred A. Burnham (R)
 * Connecticut's 4th congressional district. Orris S. Ferry (R)

Delaware

 * Delaware's at-large congressional district. William G. Whiteley (D)

Florida

 * Florida's at-large congressional district. George S. Hawkins (D), until January 21, 1861

Georgia

 * Georgia's 1st congressional district. Peter E. Love (D), until January 23, 1861
 * Georgia's 2nd congressional district. Martin J. Crawford (D), until January 23, 1861
 * Georgia's 3rd congressional district. Thomas Hardeman Jr. (O), until January 23, 1861
 * Georgia's 4th congressional district. Lucius J. Gartrell (D), until January 23, 1861
 * Georgia's 5th congressional district. John W. H. Underwood (D), until January 23, 1861
 * Georgia's 6th congressional district. James Jackson (D), until January 23, 1861
 * Georgia's 7th congressional district. Joshua Hill (O), until January 23, 1861
 * Georgia's 8th congressional district. John J. Jones (D), until January 23, 1861

Illinois

 * Illinois's 1st congressional district. Elihu B. Washburne (R)
 * Illinois's 2nd congressional district. John F. Farnsworth (R)
 * Illinois's 3rd congressional district. Owen Lovejoy (R)
 * Illinois's 4th congressional district. William Kellogg (R)
 * Illinois's 5th congressional district. Isaac N. Morris (D)
 * Illinois's 6th congressional district. John A. McClernand (D), from November 8, 1859
 * Illinois's 7th congressional district. James C. Robinson (D)
 * Illinois's 8th congressional district. Philip B. Fouke (D)
 * Illinois's 9th congressional district. John A. Logan (D)

Indiana

 * Indiana's 1st congressional district. William E. Niblack (D)
 * Indiana's 2nd congressional district. William H. English (D)
 * Indiana's 3rd congressional district. William McKee Dunn (R)
 * Indiana's 4th congressional district. William S. Holman (D)
 * Indiana's 5th congressional district. David Kilgore (R)
 * Indiana's 6th congressional district. Albert G. Porter (R)
 * Indiana's 7th congressional district. John G. Davis (ALD)
 * Indiana's 8th congressional district. James Wilson (R)
 * Indiana's 9th congressional district. Schuyler Colfax (R)
 * Indiana's 10th congressional district. Charles Case (R)
 * Indiana's 11th congressional district. John U. Pettit (R)

Iowa

 * Iowa's 1st congressional district. Samuel Curtis (R)
 * Iowa's 2nd congressional district. William Vandever (R)

Kansas

 * Kansas's at-large congressional district. Martin F. Conway (R), from January 29, 1861 (newly admitted state)

Kentucky

 * Kentucky's 1st congressional district. Henry C. Burnett (D)
 * Kentucky's 2nd congressional district. Samuel O. Peyton (D)
 * Kentucky's 3rd congressional district. Francis Bristow (O)
 * Kentucky's 4th congressional district. William C. Anderson (O)
 * Kentucky's 5th congressional district. John Y. Brown (D), from December 3, 1860
 * Kentucky's 6th congressional district. Green Adams (O)
 * Kentucky's 7th congressional district. Robert Mallory (O)
 * Kentucky's 8th congressional district. William E. Simms (D)
 * Kentucky's 9th congressional district. Laban T. Moore (O)
 * Kentucky's 10th congressional district. John W. Stevenson (D)

Louisiana

 * Louisiana's 1st congressional district. John E. Bouligny (A)
 * Louisiana's 2nd congressional district. Miles Taylor (D), until February 5, 1861
 * Louisiana's 3rd congressional district. Thomas G. Davidson (D)
 * Louisiana's 4th congressional district. John M. Landrum (D)

Maine

 * Maine's 1st congressional district. Daniel E. Somes (R)
 * Maine's 2nd congressional district. John J. Perry (R)
 * Maine's 3rd congressional district. Ezra B. French (R)
 * Maine's 4th congressional district. Freeman H. Morse (R)
 * Maine's 5th congressional district. Israel Washburn Jr. (R), until January 1, 1861
 * Stephen Coburn (R), from January 2, 1861
 * Maine's 6th congressional district. Stephen C. Foster (R)

Maryland

 * Maryland's 1st congressional district. James A. Stewart (D)
 * Maryland's 2nd congressional district. Edwin H. Webster (A)
 * Maryland's 3rd congressional district. J. Morrison Harris (A)
 * Maryland's 4th congressional district. Henry Winter Davis (A)
 * Maryland's 5th congressional district. Jacob M. Kunkel (D)
 * Maryland's 6th congressional district. George W. Hughes (D)

Massachusetts

 * Massachusetts's 1st congressional district. Thomas D. Eliot (R)
 * Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district. James Buffington (R)
 * Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district. Charles F. Adams Sr. (R)
 * Massachusetts's 4th congressional district. Alexander H. Rice (R)
 * Massachusetts's 5th congressional district. Anson Burlingame (R)
 * Massachusetts's 6th congressional district. John B. Alley (R)
 * Massachusetts's 7th congressional district. Daniel W. Gooch (R)
 * Massachusetts's 8th congressional district. Charles R. Train (R)
 * Massachusetts's 9th congressional district. Eli Thayer (R)
 * Massachusetts's 10th congressional district. Charles Delano (R)
 * Massachusetts's 11th congressional district. Henry L. Dawes (R)

Michigan

 * Michigan's 1st congressional district. George B. Cooper (D), until May 15, 1860
 * William A. Howard (R), from May 15, 1860
 * Michigan's 2nd congressional district. Henry Waldron (R)
 * Michigan's 3rd congressional district. Francis W. Kellogg (R)
 * Michigan's 4th congressional district. Dewitt C. Leach (R)

Minnesota
Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket. (2 Republicans)
 * Minnesota's at-large congressional district. Cyrus Aldrich (R)
 * Minnesota's at-large congressional district. William Windom (R)

Mississippi

 * Mississippi's 1st congressional district. Lucius Q. C. Lamar (D), until December 20, 1860
 * Mississippi's 2nd congressional district. Reuben Davis (D), until January 12, 1861
 * Mississippi's 3rd congressional district. William Barksdale (D), until January 12, 1861
 * Mississippi's 4th congressional district. Otho R. Singleton (D), until January 12, 1861
 * Mississippi's 5th congressional district. John J. McRae (D), until January 12, 1861

Missouri

 * Missouri's 1st congressional district. John R. Barret (D), until June 8, 1860
 * Francis P. Blair Jr. (R), June 8, 1860 – June 25, 1860
 * John R. Barret (D), from December 3, 1860
 * Missouri's 2nd congressional district. Thomas L. Anderson (ID)
 * Missouri's 3rd congressional district. John B. Clark (D)
 * Missouri's 4th congressional district. James Craig (D)
 * Missouri's 5th congressional district. Samuel H. Woodson (A)
 * Missouri's 6th congressional district. John S. Phelps (D)
 * Missouri's 7th congressional district. John W. Noell (D)

New Hampshire

 * New Hampshire's 1st congressional district. Gilman Marston (R)
 * New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district. Mason Tappan (R)
 * New Hampshire's 3rd congressional district. Thomas M. Edwards (R)

New Jersey

 * New Jersey's 1st congressional district. John T. Nixon (R)
 * New Jersey's 2nd congressional district. John L. N. Stratton (R)
 * New Jersey's 3rd congressional district. Garnett Adrain (ALD)
 * New Jersey's 4th congressional district. Jetur R. Riggs (ALD)
 * New Jersey's 5th congressional district. William Pennington (R)

New York

 * New York's 1st congressional district. Luther C. Carter (R)
 * New York's 2nd congressional district. James Humphrey (R)
 * New York's 3rd congressional district. Daniel Sickles (D)
 * New York's 4th congressional district. Thomas J. Barr (ID)
 * New York's 5th congressional district. William B. Maclay (D)
 * New York's 6th congressional district. John Cochrane (D)
 * New York's 7th congressional district. George Briggs (R)
 * New York's 8th congressional district. Horace F. Clark (ALD)
 * New York's 9th congressional district. John B. Haskin (ALD)
 * New York's 10th congressional district. Charles H. Van Wyck (R)
 * New York's 11th congressional district. William S. Kenyon (R)
 * New York's 12th congressional district. Charles L. Beale (R)
 * New York's 13th congressional district. Abram B. Olin (R)
 * New York's 14th congressional district. John H. Reynolds (ALD)
 * New York's 15th congressional district. James B. McKean (R)
 * New York's 16th congressional district. George W. Palmer (R)
 * New York's 17th congressional district. Francis E. Spinner (R)
 * New York's 18th congressional district. Clark B. Cochrane (R)
 * New York's 19th congressional district. James H. Graham (R)
 * New York's 20th congressional district. Roscoe Conkling (R)
 * New York's 21st congressional district. R. Holland Duell (R)
 * New York's 22nd congressional district. M. Lindley Lee (R)
 * New York's 23rd congressional district. Charles B. Hoard (R)
 * New York's 24th congressional district. Charles B. Sedgwick (R)
 * New York's 25th congressional district. Martin Butterfield (R)
 * New York's 26th congressional district. Emory B. Pottle (R)
 * New York's 27th congressional district. Alfred Wells (R)
 * New York's 28th congressional district. William Irvine (R)
 * New York's 29th congressional district. Alfred Ely (R)
 * New York's 30th congressional district. Augustus Frank (R)
 * New York's 31st congressional district. Silas M. Burroughs (R), until June 3, 1860
 * Edwin R. Reynolds (R), from December 5, 1860
 * New York's 32nd congressional district. Elbridge G. Spaulding (R)
 * New York's 33rd congressional district. Reuben Fenton (R)

North Carolina

 * North Carolina's 1st congressional district. William N. H. Smith (O)
 * North Carolina's 2nd congressional district. Thomas Ruffin (D)
 * North Carolina's 3rd congressional district. Warren Winslow (D)
 * North Carolina's 4th congressional district. Lawrence O'Bryan Branch (D)
 * North Carolina's 5th congressional district. John Gilmer (O)
 * North Carolina's 6th congressional district. James M. Leach (O)
 * North Carolina's 7th congressional district. F. Burton Craige (D)
 * North Carolina's 8th congressional district. Zebulon Vance (O)

Ohio

 * Ohio's 1st congressional district. George H. Pendleton (D)
 * Ohio's 2nd congressional district. John A. Gurley (R)
 * Ohio's 3rd congressional district. Clement Vallandigham (D)
 * Ohio's 4th congressional district. William Allen (D)
 * Ohio's 5th congressional district. James M. Ashley (R)
 * Ohio's 6th congressional district. William Howard (D)
 * Ohio's 7th congressional district. Thomas Corwin (R)
 * Ohio's 8th congressional district. Benjamin Stanton (R)
 * Ohio's 9th congressional district. John Carey (R)
 * Ohio's 10th congressional district. Carey A. Trimble (R)
 * Ohio's 11th congressional district. Charles D. Martin (D)
 * Ohio's 12th congressional district. Samuel S. Cox (D)
 * Ohio's 13th congressional district. John Sherman (R)
 * Ohio's 14th congressional district. Cyrus Spink (R), until May 31, 1859
 * Harrison G. O. Blake (R), from October 11, 1859
 * Ohio's 15th congressional district. William Helmick (R)
 * Ohio's 16th congressional district. Cydnor B. Tompkins (R)
 * Ohio's 17th congressional district. Thomas C. Theaker (R)
 * Ohio's 18th congressional district. Sidney Edgerton (R)
 * Ohio's 19th congressional district. Edward Wade (R)
 * Ohio's 20th congressional district. John Hutchins (R)
 * Ohio's 21st congressional district. John Bingham (R)

Oregon

 * Oregon's at-large congressional district. Lansing Stout (D)

Pennsylvania

 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district. Thomas B. Florence (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district. Edward Joy Morris (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district. John P. Verree (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district. William Millward (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 5th congressional district. John Wood (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district. John Hickman (ALD)
 * Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district. Henry C. Longnecker (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district. John Schwartz (ALD), until June 20, 1860
 * Jacob K. McKenty (D), from December 3, 1860
 * Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district. Thaddeus Stevens (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 10th congressional district. John W. Killinger (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 11th congressional district. James H. Campbell (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district. George W. Scranton (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 13th congressional district. William H. Dimmick (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 14th congressional district. Galusha A. Grow (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 15th congressional district. James T. Hale (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 16th congressional district. Benjamin F. Junkin (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 17th congressional district. Edward McPherson (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district. Samuel S. Blair (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 19th congressional district. John Covode (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 20th congressional district. William Montgomery (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 21st congressional district. James K. Moorhead (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 22nd congressional district. Robert McKnight (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 23rd congressional district. William Stewart (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 24th congressional district. Chapin Hall (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 25th congressional district. Elijah Babbitt (R)

Rhode Island

 * Rhode Island's 1st congressional district. Christopher Robinson (R)
 * Rhode Island's 2nd congressional district. William D. Brayton (R)

South Carolina

 * South Carolina's 1st congressional district. John McQueen (D), until December 21, 1860
 * South Carolina's 2nd congressional district. William P. Miles (D), until December 21, 1860
 * South Carolina's 3rd congressional district. Laurence M. Keitt (D), until December 1860
 * South Carolina's 4th congressional district. Milledge L. Bonham (D), until December 21, 1860
 * South Carolina's 5th congressional district. John D. Ashmore (D), until December 21, 1860
 * South Carolina's 6th congressional district. William W. Boyce (D), until December 21, 1860

Tennessee

 * Tennessee's 1st congressional district. Thomas A. R. Nelson (O)
 * Tennessee's 2nd congressional district. Horace Maynard (O)
 * Tennessee's 3rd congressional district. Reese B. Brabson (O)
 * Tennessee's 4th congressional district. William B. Stokes (O)
 * Tennessee's 5th congressional district. Robert H. Hatton (O)
 * Tennessee's 6th congressional district. James H. Thomas (D)
 * Tennessee's 7th congressional district. John V. Wright (D)
 * Tennessee's 8th congressional district. James M. Quarles (O)
 * Tennessee's 9th congressional district. Emerson Etheridge (O)
 * Tennessee's 10th congressional district. William T. Avery (D)

Texas

 * Texas's 1st congressional district. John H. Reagan (D)
 * Texas's 2nd congressional district. Andrew J. Hamilton (ID)

Vermont

 * Vermont's 1st congressional district. Eliakim P. Walton (R)
 * Vermont's 2nd congressional district. Justin S. Morrill (R)
 * Vermont's 3rd congressional district. Homer E. Royce (R)

Virginia

 * Virginia's 1st congressional district. Muscoe R. H. Garnett (D)
 * Virginia's 2nd congressional district. John S. Millson (D)
 * Virginia's 3rd congressional district. Daniel C. De Jarnette (ID)
 * Virginia's 4th congressional district. William Goode (D), until July 3, 1859
 * Roger A. Pryor (D), from December 7, 1859
 * Virginia's 5th congressional district. Thomas S. Bocock (D)
 * Virginia's 6th congressional district. Shelton Leake (ID)
 * Virginia's 7th congressional district. William Smith (D)
 * Virginia's 8th congressional district. Alexander Boteler (O)
 * Virginia's 9th congressional district. John T. Harris (ID)
 * Virginia's 10th congressional district. Sherrard Clemens (D)
 * Virginia's 11th congressional district. Albert G. Jenkins (D)
 * Virginia's 12th congressional district. Henry A. Edmundson (D)
 * Virginia's 13th congressional district. Elbert S. Martin (ID)

Wisconsin

 * Wisconsin's 1st congressional district. John F. Potter (R)
 * Wisconsin's 2nd congressional district. Cadwallader C. Washburn (R)
 * Wisconsin's 3rd congressional district. Charles H. Larrabee (D)

Non-voting members

 * Kansas Territory's at-large congressional district. Marcus J. Parrott (R), until January 29, 1861
 * Nebraska Territory's at-large congressional district. Experience Estabrook, until May 18, 1860
 * Samuel G. Daily (R), from May 18, 1860
 * New Mexico Territory's at-large congressional district. Miguel A. Otero (D)
 * Utah Territory's at-large congressional district. William H. Hooper (D)
 * Washington Territory's at-large congressional district. Isaac Stevens (D)

36 us house membership.png]] House of Representatives and Speaker Henry Wilson - NARA - 528743.jpg

Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

 * Replacements: 4
 * Democrats (D): no net change
 * Republicans (R): no net change
 * Deaths: 1
 * Resignations: 1
 * Interim appointments: 1
 * Withdrawals: 13
 * Total seats with changes: 16


 * Oregon (2)
 * Vacant
 * Successor elected late due to legislature's failure to elect.
 * | Edward D. Baker (R)
 * October 2, 1860
 * October 2, 1860


 * California (1)
 * | David C. Broderick (D)
 * Died September 16, 1859, after taking part in a duel he participated in, which he was unlucky. Interim successor was appointed to continue the term.
 * | Henry P. Haun (D)
 * November 3, 1859
 * November 3, 1859


 * Texas (1)
 * | Matthias Ward (D)
 * Interim appointee lost nomination to finish the term Successor elected December 5, 1859.
 * | Louis Wigfall (D)
 * December 5, 1859
 * December 5, 1859


 * California (1)
 * | Henry P. Haun (D)
 * Interim appointee lost election to finish the term Successor elected March 5, 1860.
 * | Milton Latham (D)
 * March 5, 1860
 * March 5, 1860


 * South Carolina (2)
 * | James Chesnut Jr. (D)
 * Withdrew November 10, 1860.
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this Congress
 * Not filled this Congress


 * South Carolina (3)
 * | James H. Hammond (D)
 * Withdrew November 11, 1860.
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this Congress
 * Not filled this Congress


 * Mississippi (2)
 * | Albert G. Brown (D)
 * Withdrew January 12, 1861.
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this Congress
 * Not filled this Congress


 * Maine (1)
 * | Hannibal Hamlin (R)
 * Resigned January 17, 1861, to become Vice President of the United States. Successor elected January 17, 1861.
 * | Lot M. Morrill (R)
 * January 17, 1861
 * January 17, 1861


 * Alabama (3)
 * | Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D)
 * Withdrew January 21, 1861.
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this Congress
 * Not filled this Congress


 * Alabama (2)
 * | Clement C. Clay (D)
 * Withdrew January 21, 1861.
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this Congress
 * Not filled this Congress


 * Florida (1)
 * | Stephen Mallory (D)
 * Withdrew January 21, 1861.
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this Congress
 * Not filled this Congress


 * Florida (3)
 * | David L. Yulee (D)
 * Withdrew January 21, 1861.
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this Congress
 * Not filled this Congress


 * Mississippi (1)
 * | Jefferson Davis (D)
 * Withdrew January 21, 1861.
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this Congress
 * Not filled this Congress


 * Georgia (3)
 * | Alfred Iverson Sr. (D)
 * Withdrew January 28, 1861.
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this Congress
 * Not filled this Congress


 * Kansas (2)
 * New seat
 * New state admitted to the Union January 29, 1861 Senator was not elected until the next Congress.
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this Congress
 * Not filled this Congress


 * Kansas (3)
 * New seat
 * New state admitted to the Union January 29, 1861 Senator was not elected until the next Congress.
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this Congress
 * Not filled this Congress


 * Georgia (2)
 * | Robert Toombs (D)
 * Withdrew February 4, 1861.
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this Congress
 * Not filled this Congress


 * Louisiana (2)
 * | Judah P. Benjamin (D)
 * Withdrew February 4, 1861.
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this Congress
 * Not filled this Congress


 * Louisiana (3)
 * | John Slidell (D)
 * Withdrew February 4, 1861.
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this Congress
 * Not filled this Congress


 * Tennessee (2)
 * | Alfred O. P. Nicholson (D)
 * Withdrew March 3, 1861.
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this Congress
 * }
 * }

House of Representatives

 * Replacements: 7
 * Democrats (D): no net change
 * Republicans (R): 1 seat net loss
 * Anti-Lecompton Democrats (LD): 1 seat net gain
 * Deaths: 4
 * Resignations: 3
 * Contested election: 1
 * Withdrawals: 28
 * Total seats with changes: 41


 * Illinois's 6th congressional district
 * Vacant
 * style="font-size:80%" | Vacancy in term
 * | John A. McClernand (D)
 * Seated November 8, 1859
 * Kentucky's 5th congressional district
 * Vacant
 * style="font-size:80%" | Brown could not take seat because he had not yet attained age required by the US Constitution
 * | John Y. Brown (D)
 * Seated December 3, 1860
 * Ohio's 14th congressional district
 * | Cyrus Spink (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died May 31, 1859
 * | Harrison G. O. Blake (R)
 * Seated October 11, 1859
 * Virginia's 4th congressional district
 * | William Goode (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died July 3, 1859
 * | Roger A. Pryor (D)
 * Seated December 7, 1859
 * Michigan's 1st congressional district
 * | George B. Cooper (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election May 15, 1860
 * | Francis P. Blair Jr. (R)
 * Seated May 15, 1860
 * Nebraska Territory's at-large congressional district
 * Experience Estabrook
 * style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election May 18, 1860
 * | Samuel G. Daily (R)
 * Seated May 18, 1860
 * New York's 31st congressional district
 * | Silas M. Burroughs (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died June 3, 1860
 * | Edwin R. Reynolds (R)
 * Seated December 5, 1860
 * Missouri's 1st congressional district
 * | John R. Barret (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election June 8, 1860
 * | William A. Howard (R)
 * Seated June 8, 1860
 * Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district
 * | John Schwartz (ALD)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died June 20, 1860
 * | Jacob K. McKenty (D)
 * Seated December 3, 1860
 * Missouri's 1st congressional district
 * | William A. Howard (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned June 25, 1860
 * | John R. Barret (D)
 * Seated December 3, 1860
 * Mississippi's 1st congressional district
 * | Lucius Q. C. Lamar II (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Retired December ???, 1860
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * South Carolina's 3rd congressional district
 * | Laurence M. Keitt (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Retired December ???, 1860
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * South Carolina's 1st congressional district
 * | John McQueen (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Retired December 21, 1860
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * South Carolina's 2nd congressional district
 * | William P. Miles (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Retired December 21, 1860
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * South Carolina's 4th congressional district
 * | Milledge L. Bonham (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Retired December 21, 1860
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * South Carolina's 5th congressional district
 * | John D. Ashmore (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Retired December 21, 1860
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * South Carolina's 6th congressional district
 * | William W. Boyce (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Retired December 21, 1860
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Maine's 5th congressional district
 * | Israel Washburn Jr. (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 1, 1861, after being elected Governor of Maine
 * | Stephen Coburn (R)
 * Seated January 2, 1861
 * Mississippi's 2nd congressional district
 * | Reuben Davis (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 12, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Mississippi's 3rd congressional district
 * | William Barksdale (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 12, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Mississippi's 4th congressional district
 * | Otho R. Singleton (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 12, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Mississippi's 5th congressional district
 * | John J. McRae (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 12, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Alabama's 1st congressional district
 * | James A. Stallworth (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Alabama's 2nd congressional district
 * | James L. Pugh (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Alabama's 3rd congressional district
 * | David Clopton (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Alabama's 4th congressional district
 * | Sydenham Moore (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Alabama's 5th congressional district
 * | George S. Houston (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Alabama's 7th congressional district
 * | Jabez L. M. Curry (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Florida's at-large congressional district
 * | George S. Hawkins (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 21, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Georgia's 1st congressional district
 * | Peter E. Love (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Retired January 23, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Georgia's 2nd congressional district
 * | Martin J. Crawford (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 23, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Georgia's 3rd congressional district
 * | Thomas Hardeman Jr. (O)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 23, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Georgia's 4th congressional district
 * | Lucius J. Gartrell (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Retired January 23, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Georgia's 5th congressional district
 * | John W. H. Underwood (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 23, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Georgia's 6th congressional district
 * | James Jackson (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Retired January 23, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Georgia's 7th congressional district
 * | Joshua Hill (O)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 23, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Georgia's 8th congressional district
 * | John J. Jones (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 23, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Kansas Territory's at-large congressional district
 * | Marcus J. Parrott (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Kansas was admitted to the Union January 29, 1861
 * colspan=2 | Seat eliminated
 * Kansas's at-large congressional district
 * New Seat
 * style="font-size:80%" | Kansas was admitted to the Union January 29, 1861
 * | Martin F. Conway (R)
 * Seated January 29, 1861
 * Alabama's 6th congressional district
 * | Williamson R. W. Cobb (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 30, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Louisiana's 2nd congressional district
 * | Miles Taylor (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew February 5, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * }
 * Georgia's 6th congressional district
 * | James Jackson (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Retired January 23, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Georgia's 7th congressional district
 * | Joshua Hill (O)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 23, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Georgia's 8th congressional district
 * | John J. Jones (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 23, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Kansas Territory's at-large congressional district
 * | Marcus J. Parrott (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Kansas was admitted to the Union January 29, 1861
 * colspan=2 | Seat eliminated
 * Kansas's at-large congressional district
 * New Seat
 * style="font-size:80%" | Kansas was admitted to the Union January 29, 1861
 * | Martin F. Conway (R)
 * Seated January 29, 1861
 * Alabama's 6th congressional district
 * | Williamson R. W. Cobb (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew January 30, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * Louisiana's 2nd congressional district
 * | Miles Taylor (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew February 5, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * }
 * Louisiana's 2nd congressional district
 * | Miles Taylor (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Withdrew February 5, 1861
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * }

Committees
Lists of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

 * Alter and Improve Senate Chamber (Select)
 * Amendments to the Constitution (Select)
 * Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: Andrew Johnson)
 * Banks of the District of Columbia (Select)
 * Circulation of Bank Notes in the District of Columbia (Select)
 * Claims (Chairman: Alfred Iverson Jr.)
 * Commerce (Chairman: Clement Claiborne Clay)
 * Comptroller William Medill (Select)
 * Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
 * District of Columbia (Chairman: Albert G. Brown)
 * Duties of Imports (Select)
 * Finance (Chairman: Robert M. T. Hunter)
 * Foreign Relations (Chairman: James M. Mason)
 * French Spoilations (Select)
 * Harpers Ferry Invasion (Select)
 * Indian Affairs (Chairman: William K. Sebastian)
 * Judiciary (Chairman: James A. Bayard Jr.)
 * Memorial of Houmas Lands Settlers (Select)
 * Military Affairs (Chairman: Jefferson Davis)
 * Naval Affairs (Chairman: Stephen Mallory)
 * Ordnance and War Ships (Select)
 * Pacific Railroad (Select)
 * Patents and the Patent Office (Chairman: William Bigler)
 * Pensions (Chairman: N/A)
 * Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: N/A)
 * Printing (Chairman: N/A)
 * Public Printing Investigation (Select)
 * Private Land Claims (Chairman: N/A)
 * Public Lands (Chairman: Robert W. Johnson)
 * Retrenchment (Chairman: N/A)
 * Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: N/A)
 * Tariff Regulation (Select)
 * Territories (Chairman: N/A)
 * Thirteen on the Disturbed Condition of the Country (Select)
 * Whole

House of Representatives

 * Accounts (Chairman: Francis E. Spinner)
 * Agriculture (Chairman: Martin Butterfield)
 * Claims (Chairman: John Hickman)
 * Commerce (Chairman: Elihu B. Washburne)
 * District of Columbia (Chairman: Luther C. Carter)
 * Elections (Chairman: John A. Gilmer)
 * Engraving (Chairman: Garnett B. Adrain)
 * Expenditures in the Interior Department (Chairman: N/A)
 * Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: Robert Hatton)
 * Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: George W. Palmer)
 * Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: James B. McKean)
 * Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: Dwight Loomis)
 * Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: William Stewart)
 * Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: William D. Brayton)
 * Foreign Affairs (Chairman: Thomas Corwin)
 * Indian Affairs (Chairman: Emerson Etheridge)
 * Invalid Pensions (Chairman: Reuben E. Fenton)
 * Judiciary (Chairman: John Hickman)
 * Manufactures (Chairman: Charles F. Adams)
 * Mileage (Chairman: John D. Ashmore)
 * Military Affairs (Chairman: Benjamin Stanton)
 * Militia (Chairman: Cydnor B. Tompkins)
 * Naval Affairs (Chairman: Freeman H. Morse)
 * Patents (Chairman: William Millward)
 * Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Schuyler Colfax)
 * Private Land Claims (Chairman: Cadwallader C. Washburn)
 * Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Charles R. Train)
 * Public Expenditures (Chairman: John B. Haskin)
 * Public Lands (Chairman: Eli Thayer)
 * Revisal and Unfinished Business (Chairman: John A. Logan)
 * Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: George N. Briggs)
 * Revolutionary Pensions (Chairman: John F. Potter)
 * Roads and Canals (Chairman: Robert Mallory)
 * Rules (Select)
 * Standards of Official Conduct
 * Territories (Chairman: Galusha A. Grow)
 * Ways and Means (Chairman: John Sherman)
 * Whole

Joint committees

 * Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Sen. Henry Haun then Sen. Willard Saulsbury Sr.)
 * The Library (Chairman: Rep. John U. Pettit)
 * Printing (Chairman: Rep. John A. Gurley)
 * Making Arrangements for Inaugurating Washington's Statue

Caucuses

 * Democratic (House)
 * Democratic (Senate)

Legislative branch agency directors

 * Architect of the Capitol: Thomas U. Walter
 * Librarian of Congress: John Silva Meehan

Senate

 * Chaplain: Stephen P. Hill (Baptist), until December 15, 1859
 * Phineas D. Gurley (Presbyterian), elected December 15, 1859
 * Secretary: Asbury Dickins
 * Sergeant at Arms: Dunning R. McNair

House of Representatives

 * Clerk: James C. Allen, until February 3, 1860
 * John W. Forney, elected February 3, 1860
 * Chaplain: None
 * Doorkeeper: Robert B. Hackney, until February 6, 1860
 * George Marston, elected February 6, 1860
 * Messenger: Thaddeus Morrice
 * Postmaster: Josiah M. Lucas
 * Reading Clerks:
 * Sergeant at Arms: Adam J. Glossbrenner, until February 3, 1860
 * Henry William Hoffman, from February 3, 1860