35th United States Congress

The 35th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1857, to March 4, 1859, during the first two years of James Buchanan's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1850 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.

Major events

 * Panic of 1857
 * March 4, 1857. James Buchanan became President of the United States
 * March 6, 1857: Dred Scott v. Sandford
 * July 18, 1857: Utah Expedition left Fort Leavenworth, effectively beginning the Utah War
 * August 21, 1858: First of the Lincoln-Douglas debates was held
 * March 3, 1859: Financial appropriations for the improvement and construction of lighthouses.

Treaties

 * March 12, 1858: Treaty with the Ponca signed
 * April 19, 1858: Treaty with the Yankton Sioux signed
 * July 29, 1858: Harris Treaty signed with Japan

States admitted

 * May 11, 1858: Minnesota admitted as the 32nd state
 * February 14, 1859: Oregon admitted as the 33rd state

Senate
During this congress, two Senate seats were added for each of the new states of Minnesota and Oregon.

House of Representatives
During this congress, two House seats were added for the new state of Minnesota and one House seat was added for the new state of Oregon.

Senate

 * President: John C. Breckinridge (D)
 * President pro tempore: James M. Mason (D), March 4, 1857, only
 * Thomas J. Rusk (D), elected March 14, 1857
 * Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D), elected December 7, 1857

House of Representatives

 * Speaker: James L. Orr (D)

Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and representatives are listed by district.

Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, facing re-election in 1862; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1858; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1860.

Alabama

 * 3. Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D)
 * 2. Clement C. Clay Jr. (D)

Arkansas

 * 2. William K. Sebastian (D)
 * 3. Robert W. Johnson (D)

California

 * 1. David C. Broderick (D)
 * 3. William M. Gwin (D)

Connecticut

 * 1. James Dixon (R)
 * 3. Lafayette S. Foster (R)

Delaware

 * 1. James A. Bayard Jr. (D)
 * 2. Martin W. Bates (D)

Florida

 * 1. Stephen Mallory (D)
 * 3. David Levy Yulee (D)

Georgia

 * 2. Robert Toombs (D)
 * 3. Alfred Iverson Sr. (D)

Illinois

 * 2. Stephen A. Douglas (D)
 * 3. Lyman Trumbull (R)

Indiana

 * 1. Jesse D. Bright (D)
 * 3. Graham N. Fitch (D)

Iowa

 * 2. George Wallace Jones (D)
 * 3. James Harlan (R)

Kentucky

 * 2. John B. Thompson (A)
 * 3. John J. Crittenden (A)

Louisiana

 * 2. Judah P. Benjamin (D)
 * 3. John Slidell (D)

Maine

 * 1. Hannibal Hamlin (R)
 * 2. William Pitt Fessenden (R)

Maryland

 * 1. Anthony Kennedy (A)
 * 3. James A. Pearce (D)

Massachusetts

 * 1. Charles Sumner (R)
 * 2. Henry Wilson (R)

Michigan

 * 1. Zachariah Chandler (R)
 * 2. Charles E. Stuart (D)

Minnesota

 * 1. Henry M. Rice (D), from May 11, 1858 (newly admitted state)
 * 2. James Shields (D), from May 11, 1858 (newly admitted state)

Mississippi

 * 1. Jefferson Davis (D)
 * 2. Albert G. Brown (D)

Missouri

 * 1. Trusten Polk (D)
 * 3. James S. Green (D)

New Hampshire

 * 2. John P. Hale (R)
 * 3. James Bell (R), until May 26, 1857
 * Daniel Clark (R), from June 27, 1857

New Jersey

 * 1. John R. Thomson (D)
 * 2. William Wright (D)

New York

 * 1. Preston King (R)
 * 3. William H. Seward (R)

North Carolina

 * 2. David S. Reid (D)
 * 3. Asa Biggs (D), until May 5, 1858
 * Thomas L. Clingman (D), from May 7, 1858

Ohio

 * 1. Benjamin Wade (R)
 * 3. George E. Pugh (D)

Oregon

 * 2. Delazon Smith (D), from February 14, 1859 (newly admitted state)
 * 3. Joseph Lane (D), from February 14, 1859 (newly admitted state)

Pennsylvania

 * 1. Simon Cameron (R)
 * 3. William Bigler (D)

Rhode Island

 * 1. James F. Simmons (R)
 * 2. Philip Allen (D)

South Carolina

 * 2. Josiah J. Evans (D), until May 6, 1858
 * Arthur P. Hayne (D), from May 11, 1858, until December 2, 1858
 * James Chesnut Jr. (D), from December 3, 1858
 * 3. Andrew Butler (D), until May 25, 1857
 * James H. Hammond (D), from December 7, 1857

Tennessee

 * 1. Andrew Johnson (D), from October 8, 1857
 * 2. John Bell (A)

Texas

 * 1. Thomas J. Rusk (D), until July 29, 1857
 * J. Pinckney Henderson (D), November 9, 1857 - June 4, 1858
 * Matthias Ward (D), from September 27, 1858
 * 2. Samuel Houston (D)

Vermont

 * 1. Solomon Foot (R)
 * 3. Jacob Collamer (R)

Virginia

 * 1. James M. Mason (D)
 * 2. Robert M. T. Hunter (D)

Wisconsin

 * 1. James R. Doolittle (R)
 * 3. Charles Durkee (R)





House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Alabama

 * Alabama's 1st congressional district. James A. Stallworth (D)
 * Alabama's 2nd congressional district. Eli S. Shorter (D)
 * Alabama's 3rd congressional district. James F. Dowdell (D)
 * Alabama's 4th congressional district. Sydenham Moore (D)
 * Alabama's 5th congressional district. George S. Houston (D)
 * Alabama's 6th congressional district. Williamson R. W. Cobb (D)
 * Alabama's 7th congressional district. Jabez L. M. Curry (D)

Arkansas

 * Arkansas's 1st congressional district. Alfred B. Greenwood (D)
 * Arkansas's 2nd congressional district. Edward A. Warren (D)

California

 * California's at-large congressional district. Joseph C. McKibbin (D)
 * California's at-large congressional district. Charles L. Scott (D)

Connecticut

 * Connecticut's 1st congressional district. Ezra Clark Jr. (R)
 * Connecticut's 2nd congressional district. Samuel Arnold (D)
 * Connecticut's 3rd congressional district. Sidney Dean (R)
 * Connecticut's 4th congressional district. William D. Bishop (D)

Delaware

 * Delaware's at-large congressional district. William G. Whiteley (D)

Florida

 * Florida's at-large congressional district. George S. Hawkins (D)

Georgia

 * Georgia's 1st congressional district. James L. Seward (D)
 * Georgia's 2nd congressional district. Martin J. Crawford (D)
 * Georgia's 3rd congressional district. Robert P. Trippe (A)
 * Georgia's 4th congressional district. Lucius J. Gartrell (D)
 * Georgia's 5th congressional district. Augustus R. Wright (D)
 * Georgia's 6th congressional district. James Jackson (D)
 * Georgia's 7th congressional district. Joshua Hill (A)
 * Georgia's 8th congressional district. Alexander H. Stephens (D)

Illinois

 * Illinois's 1st congressional district. Elihu B. Washburne (R)
 * Illinois's 2nd congressional district. John F. Farnsworth (R)
 * Illinois's 3rd congressional district. Owen Lovejoy (R)
 * Illinois's 4th congressional district. William Kellogg (R)
 * Illinois's 5th congressional district. Isaac N. Morris (D)
 * Illinois's 6th congressional district. Thomas L. Harris (D), until November 24, 1858
 * Charles D. Hodges (D), from January 4, 1859
 * Illinois's 7th congressional district. Aaron Shaw (D)
 * Illinois's 8th congressional district. Robert Smith (D)
 * Illinois's 9th congressional district. Samuel S. Marshall (D)

Indiana

 * Indiana's 1st congressional district. James Lockhart (D), until September 7, 1857
 * William E. Niblack (D), from December 7, 1857
 * Indiana's 2nd congressional district. William H. English (D)
 * Indiana's 3rd congressional district. James Hughes (D)
 * Indiana's 4th congressional district. James B. Foley (D)
 * Indiana's 5th congressional district. David Kilgore (R)
 * Indiana's 6th congressional district. James M. Gregg (D)
 * Indiana's 7th congressional district. John G. Davis (D)
 * Indiana's 8th congressional district. James Wilson (R)
 * Indiana's 9th congressional district. Schuyler Colfax (R)
 * Indiana's 10th congressional district. Samuel Brenton (R), until March 29, 1857
 * Charles Case (R), from December 7, 1857
 * Indiana's 11th congressional district. John U. Pettit (R)

Iowa

 * Iowa's 1st congressional district. Samuel Curtis (R)
 * Iowa's 2nd congressional district. Timothy Davis (R)

Kentucky

 * Kentucky's 1st congressional district. Henry C. Burnett (D)
 * Kentucky's 2nd congressional district. Samuel O. Peyton (D)
 * Kentucky's 3rd congressional district. Warner L. Underwood (A)
 * Kentucky's 4th congressional district. Albert G. Talbott (D)
 * Kentucky's 5th congressional district. Joshua Jewett (D)
 * Kentucky's 6th congressional district. John M. Elliott (D)
 * Kentucky's 7th congressional district. Humphrey Marshall (A)
 * Kentucky's 8th congressional district. James B. Clay (D)
 * Kentucky's 9th congressional district. John C. Mason (D)
 * Kentucky's 10th congressional district. John W. Stevenson (D)

Louisiana

 * Louisiana's 1st congressional district. George Eustis Jr. (A)
 * Louisiana's 2nd congressional district. Miles Taylor (D)
 * Louisiana's 3rd congressional district. Thomas G. Davidson (D)
 * Louisiana's 4th congressional district. John M. Sandidge (D)

Maine

 * Maine's 1st congressional district. John M. Wood (R)
 * Maine's 2nd congressional district. Charles J. Gilman (R)
 * Maine's 3rd congressional district. Nehemiah Abbott (R)
 * Maine's 4th congressional district. Freeman H. Morse (R)
 * Maine's 5th congressional district. Israel Washburn Jr. (R)
 * Maine's 6th congressional district. Stephen C. Foster (R)

Maryland

 * Maryland's 1st congressional district. James A. Stewart (D)
 * Maryland's 2nd congressional district. James B. Ricaud (A)
 * Maryland's 3rd congressional district. J. Morrison Harris (A)
 * Maryland's 4th congressional district. Henry Winter Davis (A)
 * Maryland's 5th congressional district. Jacob M. Kunkel (D)
 * Maryland's 6th congressional district. Thomas F. Bowie (D)

Massachusetts

 * Massachusetts's 1st congressional district. Robert B. Hall (R)
 * Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district. James Buffington (R)
 * Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district. William S. Damrell (R)
 * Massachusetts's 4th congressional district. Linus B. Comins (R)
 * Massachusetts's 5th congressional district. Anson Burlingame (R)
 * Massachusetts's 6th congressional district. Timothy Davis (R)
 * Massachusetts's 7th congressional district. Nathaniel P. Banks (R), until December 24, 1857
 * Daniel W. Gooch (R), from January 31, 1858
 * Massachusetts's 8th congressional district. Chauncey L. Knapp (R)
 * Massachusetts's 9th congressional district. Eli Thayer (R)
 * Massachusetts's 10th congressional district. Calvin C. Chaffee (R)
 * Massachusetts's 11th congressional district. Henry L. Dawes (R)

Michigan

 * Michigan's 1st congressional district. William A. Howard (R)
 * Michigan's 2nd congressional district. Henry Waldron (R)
 * Michigan's 3rd congressional district. David S. Walbridge (R)
 * Michigan's 4th congressional district. De Witt C. Leach (R)

Minnesota

 * Minnesota's at-large congressional district. James M. Cavanaugh (D), from May 11, 1858 (newly admitted state)
 * Minnesota's at-large congressional district. William W. Phelps (D), from May 11, 1858 (newly admitted state)

Mississippi

 * Mississippi's 1st congressional district. Lucius Q. C. Lamar (D)
 * Mississippi's 2nd congressional district. Reuben Davis (D)
 * Mississippi's 3rd congressional district. William Barksdale (D)
 * Mississippi's 4th congressional district. Otho R. Singleton (D)
 * Mississippi's 5th congressional district. John A. Quitman (D), until July 17, 1858
 * John J. McRae (D), from December 7, 1858

Missouri

 * Missouri's 1st congressional district. Francis P. Blair Jr. (R)
 * Missouri's 2nd congressional district. Thomas L. Anderson (A)
 * Missouri's 3rd congressional district. John B. Clark (D), from December 7, 1857
 * Missouri's 4th congressional district. James Craig (D)
 * Missouri's 5th congressional district. Samuel H. Woodson (A)
 * Missouri's 6th congressional district. John S. Phelps (D)
 * Missouri's 7th congressional district. Samuel Caruthers (D)

New Hampshire

 * New Hampshire's 1st congressional district. James Pike (R)
 * New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district. Mason Tappan (R)
 * New Hampshire's 3rd congressional district. Aaron H. Cragin (R)

New Jersey

 * New Jersey's 1st congressional district. Isaiah D. Clawson (R)
 * New Jersey's 2nd congressional district. George R. Robbins (R)
 * New Jersey's 3rd congressional district. Garnett Adrain (D)
 * New Jersey's 4th congressional district. John Huyler (D)
 * New Jersey's 5th congressional district. Jacob R. Wortendyke (D)

New York

 * New York's 1st congressional district. John A. Searing (D)
 * New York's 2nd congressional district. George Taylor (D)
 * New York's 3rd congressional district. Daniel Sickles (D)
 * New York's 4th congressional district. John Kelly (D), until December 25, 1858
 * Thomas J. Barr (ID), from January 7, 1859
 * New York's 5th congressional district. William B. Maclay (D)
 * New York's 6th congressional district. John Cochrane (D)
 * New York's 7th congressional district. Elijah Ward (D)
 * New York's 8th congressional district. Horace F. Clark (D)
 * New York's 9th congressional district. John B. Haskin (D)
 * New York's 10th congressional district. Ambrose S. Murray (R)
 * New York's 11th congressional district. William F. Russell (D)
 * New York's 12th congressional district. John Thompson (R)
 * New York's 13th congressional district. Abram B. Olin (R)
 * New York's 14th congressional district. Erastus Corning (D)
 * New York's 15th congressional district. Edward Dodd (R)
 * New York's 16th congressional district. George W. Palmer (R)
 * New York's 17th congressional district. Francis E. Spinner (R)
 * New York's 18th congressional district. Clark B. Cochrane (R)
 * New York's 19th congressional district. Oliver A. Morse (R)
 * New York's 20th congressional district. Orsamus B. Matteson (R)
 * New York's 21st congressional district. Henry Bennett (R)
 * New York's 22nd congressional district. Henry C. Goodwin (R)
 * New York's 23rd congressional district. Charles B. Hoard (R)
 * New York's 24th congressional district. Amos P. Granger (R)
 * New York's 25th congressional district. Edwin B. Morgan (R)
 * New York's 26th congressional district. Emory B. Pottle (R)
 * New York's 27th congressional district. John M. Parker (R)
 * New York's 28th congressional district. William H. Kelsey (R)
 * New York's 29th congressional district. Samuel G. Andrews (R)
 * New York's 30th congressional district. Judson W. Sherman (R)
 * New York's 31st congressional district. Silas M. Burroughs (R)
 * New York's 32nd congressional district. Israel T. Hatch (D)
 * New York's 33rd congressional district. Reuben Fenton (R)

North Carolina

 * North Carolina's 1st congressional district. Henry M. Shaw (D)
 * North Carolina's 2nd congressional district. Thomas H. Ruffin (D)
 * North Carolina's 3rd congressional district. Warren Winslow (D)
 * North Carolina's 4th congressional district. Lawrence O'Bryan Branch (D)
 * North Carolina's 5th congressional district. John A. Gilmer (A)
 * North Carolina's 6th congressional district. Alfred M. Scales (D)
 * North Carolina's 7th congressional district. F. Burton Craige (D)
 * North Carolina's 8th congressional district. Thomas L. Clingman (D), until May 7, 1858
 * Zebulon B. Vance (D), from December 7, 1858

Ohio

 * Ohio's 1st congressional district. George H. Pendleton (D)
 * Ohio's 2nd congressional district. William S. Groesbeck (D)
 * Ohio's 3rd congressional district. Lewis D. Campbell (R), until May 25, 1858
 * Clement Vallandigham (D), from May 25, 1858
 * Ohio's 4th congressional district. Matthias H. Nichols (R)
 * Ohio's 5th congressional district. Richard Mott (R)
 * Ohio's 6th congressional district. Joseph R. Cockerill (D)
 * Ohio's 7th congressional district. Aaron Harlan (R)
 * Ohio's 8th congressional district. Benjamin Stanton (R)
 * Ohio's 9th congressional district. Lawrence W. Hall (D)
 * Ohio's 10th congressional district. Joseph Miller (D)
 * Ohio's 11th congressional district. Valentine B. Horton (R)
 * Ohio's 12th congressional district. Samuel S. Cox (D)
 * Ohio's 13th congressional district. John Sherman (R)
 * Ohio's 14th congressional district. Philemon Bliss (R)
 * Ohio's 15th congressional district. Joseph Burns (D)
 * Ohio's 16th congressional district. Cydnor B. Tompkins (R)
 * Ohio's 17th congressional district. William Lawrence (D)
 * Ohio's 18th congressional district. Benjamin F. Leiter (R)
 * Ohio's 19th congressional district. Edward Wade (R)
 * Ohio's 20th congressional district. Joshua R. Giddings (R)
 * Ohio's 21st congressional district. John Bingham (R)

Oregon

 * Oregon's at-large congressional district. La Fayette Grover (D), from February 14, 1859 (newly admitted state)

Pennsylvania

 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district. Thomas B. Florence (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district. Edward Joy Morris (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district. James Landy (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district. Henry M. Phillips (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 5th congressional district. Owen Jones (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district. John Hickman (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district. Henry Chapman (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district. J. Glancey Jones (D), until October 30, 1858
 * William H. Keim (R), from December 7, 1858
 * Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district. Anthony E. Roberts (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 10th congressional district. John C. Kunkel (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 11th congressional district. William L. Dewart (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district. John G. Montgomery (D), until April 24, 1857
 * Paul Leidy (D), from December 7, 1857
 * Pennsylvania's 13th congressional district. William H. Dimmick (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 14th congressional district. Galusha A. Grow (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 15th congressional district. Allison White (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 16th congressional district. John A. Ahl (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 17th congressional district. Wilson Reilly (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district. John R. Edie (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 19th congressional district. John Covode (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 20th congressional district. William Montgomery (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 21st congressional district. David Ritchie (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 22nd congressional district. Samuel A. Purviance (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 23rd congressional district. William Stewart (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 24th congressional district. James L. Gillis (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 25th congressional district. John Dick (R)

Rhode Island

 * Rhode Island's 1st congressional district. Nathaniel B. Durfee (R)
 * Rhode Island's 2nd congressional district. William D. Brayton (R)

South Carolina

 * South Carolina's 1st congressional district. John McQueen (D)
 * South Carolina's 2nd congressional district. William P. Miles (D)
 * South Carolina's 3rd congressional district. Laurence M. Keitt (D)
 * South Carolina's 4th congressional district. Milledge L. Bonham (D)
 * South Carolina's 5th congressional district. James L. Orr (D)
 * South Carolina's 6th congressional district. William W. Boyce (D)

Tennessee

 * Tennessee's 1st congressional district. Albert G. Watkins (D)
 * Tennessee's 2nd congressional district. Horace Maynard (A)
 * Tennessee's 3rd congressional district. Samuel A. Smith (D)
 * Tennessee's 4th congressional district. John H. Savage (D)
 * Tennessee's 5th congressional district. Charles Ready (A)
 * Tennessee's 6th congressional district. George W. Jones (D)
 * Tennessee's 7th congressional district. John V. Wright (D)
 * Tennessee's 8th congressional district. Felix K. Zollicoffer (A)
 * Tennessee's 9th congressional district. John D. C. Atkins (D)
 * Tennessee's 10th congressional district. William T. Avery (D)

Texas

 * Texas's 1st congressional district. John H. Reagan (D)
 * Texas's 2nd congressional district. Guy M. Bryan (D)

Vermont

 * Vermont's 1st congressional district. Eliakim P. Walton (R)
 * Vermont's 2nd congressional district. Justin S. Morrill (R)
 * Vermont's 3rd congressional district. Homer E. Royce (R)

Virginia

 * Virginia's 1st congressional district. Muscoe R. H. Garnett (D)
 * Virginia's 2nd congressional district. John S. Millson (D)
 * Virginia's 3rd congressional district. John Caskie (D)
 * Virginia's 4th congressional district. William Goode (D)
 * Virginia's 5th congressional district. Thomas S. Bocock (D)
 * Virginia's 6th congressional district. Paulus Powell (D)
 * Virginia's 7th congressional district. William Smith (D)
 * Virginia's 8th congressional district. Charles J. Faulkner Sr. (D)
 * Virginia's 9th congressional district. John Letcher (D)
 * Virginia's 10th congressional district. Sherrard Clemens (D)
 * Virginia's 11th congressional district. Albert G. Jenkins (D)
 * Virginia's 12th congressional district. Henry A. Edmundson (D)
 * Virginia's 13th congressional district. George W. Hopkins (D)

Wisconsin

 * Wisconsin's 1st congressional district. John F. Potter (R)
 * Wisconsin's 2nd congressional district. Cadwallader C. Washburn (R)
 * Wisconsin's 3rd congressional district. Charles Billinghurst (R)

Non-voting members

 * Kansas Territory's at-large congressional district. Marcus J. Parrott (R)
 * Minnesota Territory's at-large congressional district. William W. Kingsbury (D), until May 11, 1858
 * Nebraska Territory's at-large congressional district. Fenner Ferguson (D)
 * New Mexico Territory's at-large congressional district. Miguel A. Otero (D)
 * Oregon Territory's at-large congressional district. Joseph Lane (D), until February 14, 1859
 * Utah Territory's at-large congressional district. John M. Bernhisel
 * Washington Territory's at-large congressional district. Isaac Stevens (D)

35 us house membership.png]]

Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

 * Replacements: 5
 * Democrats (D): no net change
 * Whigs (W): no net change
 * Republicans (R): no net change
 * Americans (A): no net change
 * Deaths: 4
 * Resignations: 1
 * Interim appointments: 2
 * Seats of newly admitted states: 4
 * Total seats with changes: 9


 * Tennessee (1)
 * Vacant
 * Legislature had failed to elect. Successor elected October 8, 1857.
 * | Andrew Johnson (D)
 * October 8, 1857
 * October 8, 1857


 * South Carolina (3)
 * | Andrew Butler (D)
 * Died May 25, 1857. Successor elected December 7, 1857.
 * | James H. Hammond (D)
 * December 7, 1857
 * December 7, 1857


 * New Hampshire (3)
 * | James Bell (R)
 * Died May 26, 1857. Successor elected June 27, 1857.
 * | Daniel Clark (R)
 * June 27, 1857
 * June 27, 1857


 * Texas (1)
 * | Thomas J. Rusk (D)
 * Died July 29, 1857. Successor appointed November 9, 1857.
 * | J. Pinckney Henderson (D)
 * November 9, 1857
 * November 9, 1857


 * North Carolina (3)
 * | Asa Biggs (D)
 * Resigned May 5, 1858, to become judge of the U.S. District Court for the District of North Carolina. Successor appointed May 7, 1858. Appointee elected November 23, 1858.
 * | Thomas L. Clingman (D)
 * May 7, 1858
 * May 7, 1858


 * South Carolina (2)
 * | Josiah J. Evans (D)
 * Died May 6, 1858. Successor appointed May 11, 1858.
 * | Arthur P. Hayne (D)
 * May 11, 1858
 * May 11, 1858


 * Minnesota (1)
 * New seat
 * Minnesota admitted to the Union May 11, 1858, and its first Senators were elected that day.
 * | Henry M. Rice (D)
 * May 11, 1858
 * May 11, 1858


 * Minnesota (2)
 * New seat
 * Minnesota admitted to the Union May 11, 1858, and its first Senators were elected that day.
 * | James Shields (D)
 * May 11, 1858
 * May 11, 1858


 * Texas (1)
 * | J. Pinckney Henderson (D)
 * Died June 4, 1858. Successor appointed September 27, 1858.
 * | Matthias Ward (D)
 * September 27, 1858
 * September 27, 1858


 * South Carolina (2)
 * | Arthur P. Hayne (D)
 * Interim appointee retired. Successor elected December 2, 1858.
 * | James Chesnut Jr. (D)
 * December 3, 1858
 * December 3, 1858


 * Oregon (2)
 * New seat
 * Oregon admitted to the Union February 14, 1859, and its first Senators were elected that day.
 * | Delazon Smith (D)
 * February 14, 1859
 * February 14, 1859


 * Oregon (3)
 * New seat
 * Oregon admitted to the Union February 14, 1859, and its first Senators were elected that day.
 * | Joseph Lane (D)
 * February 14, 1859
 * }
 * }

House of Representatives

 * Replacements: 10
 * Democrats (D): 3 seat net loss
 * Whigs (W): 3 seat net gain
 * Republicans (R): 1 seat net gain
 * Independent Democrats (ID): 1 seat net gain
 * Deaths: 5
 * Resignations: 6
 * Contested election:1
 * Seats of newly admitted states: 3
 * Total seats with changes: 14


 * Missouri's 3rd congressional district
 * Vacant
 * style="font-size:80%" | Rep. James S. Green was elected to this term but resigned after being elected in turn to the US Senate
 * | John B. Clark (D)
 * Seated December 7, 1857
 * Indiana's 10th congressional district
 * | Samuel Brenton (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died March 29, 1857
 * | Charles Case (R)
 * Seated December 7, 1857
 * Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district
 * | John G. Montgomery (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died April 24, 1857
 * | Paul Leidy (D)
 * Seated December 7, 1857
 * Indiana's 1st congressional district
 * | James Lockhart (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died September 7, 1857
 * | William E. Niblack (D)
 * Seated December 7, 1857
 * Massachusetts's 7th congressional district
 * | Nathaniel P. Banks (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 24, 1857, after being elected Governor of Massachusetts
 * | Daniel W. Gooch (R)
 * Seated January 31, 1858
 * North Carolina's 8th congressional district
 * | Thomas L. Clingman (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 7, 1858, after being appointed to the US Senate
 * | Zebulon B. Vance (D)
 * Seated December 7, 1858
 * Minnesota's at-large congressional district
 * New seat
 * style="font-size:80%" | Minnesota was admitted to the Union May 11, 1858
 * | James M. Cavanaugh (D)
 * Seated May 11, 1858
 * Minnesota Territory's at-large congressional district
 * | William W. Kingsbury (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Minnesota was admitted to the Union May 11, 1858
 * colspan=2 | Seat eliminated
 * Minnesota's at-large congressional district
 * New seat
 * style="font-size:80%" | Minnesota was admitted to the Union May 11, 1858
 * | William W. Phelps (D)
 * Seated May 11, 1858
 * Ohio's 3rd congressional district
 * | Lewis D. Campbell (R)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election May 25, 1858
 * | Clement Vallandigham (D)
 * Seated May 25, 1858
 * Mississippi's 5th congressional district
 * | John A. Quitman (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died July 17, 1858
 * | John J. McRae (D)
 * Seated December 7, 1858
 * Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district
 * | J. Glancy Jones (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned October 30, 1858
 * | William H. Keim (R)
 * Seated December 7, 1858
 * Illinois's 6th congressional district
 * | Thomas L. Harris (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died November 24, 1858
 * | Charles D. Hodges (D)
 * Seated January 4, 1859
 * New York's 4th congressional district
 * | John Kelly (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 25, 1858
 * | Thomas J. Barr (D)
 * Seated January 7, 1859
 * Oregon Territory's at-large congressional district
 * | Joseph Lane (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Oregon was admitted to the Union February 14, 1859
 * colspan=2 | Seat eliminated
 * Oregon's at-large congressional district
 * New seat
 * style="font-size:80%" | Oregon was admitted to the Union February 14, 1859
 * | La Fayette Grover (D)
 * Seated February 14, 1859
 * }
 * | John Kelly (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 25, 1858
 * | Thomas J. Barr (D)
 * Seated January 7, 1859
 * Oregon Territory's at-large congressional district
 * | Joseph Lane (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Oregon was admitted to the Union February 14, 1859
 * colspan=2 | Seat eliminated
 * Oregon's at-large congressional district
 * New seat
 * style="font-size:80%" | Oregon was admitted to the Union February 14, 1859
 * | La Fayette Grover (D)
 * Seated February 14, 1859
 * }
 * Seated February 14, 1859
 * }

Committees
Lists of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

 * Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: Josiah J. Evans then William Wright)
 * Banks of the District of Columbia (Select)
 * Claims (Chairman: Alfred Iverson Sr.)
 * Commerce (Chairman: Clement Claiborne Clay)
 * Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
 * District of Columbia (Chairman: Albert G. Brown)
 * Engrossed Bills (Chairman: William Wright)
 * Finance (Chairman: Robert M.T. Hunter)
 * Foreign Relations (Chairman: James M. Mason)
 * French Spoilations (Select)
 * Indian Affairs (Chairman: William K. Sebastian)
 * Judiciary (Chairman: James A. Bayard Jr.)
 * Military Affairs (Chairman: Jefferson Davis)
 * Military Asylum near Washington, D.C. (Select)
 * Militia (Chairman: N/A)
 * Naval Affairs (Chairman: Stephen Mallory)
 * Ordnance and War Ships (Select)
 * Pacific Railroad (Select)
 * Patents and the Patent Office (Chairman: David S. Reid)
 * Pensions (Chairman: George Wallace Jones)
 * Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: David Levy Yulee)
 * Printing (Chairman: Robert W. Johnson)
 * Private Land Claims (Chairman: Judah P. Benjamin)
 * Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Jesse D. Bright)
 * Public Lands (Chairman: Charles E. Stuart)
 * Retrenchment (Chairman: Stephen A. Douglas)
 * Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: Josiah J. Evans)
 * Tariff Regulation (Select)
 * Territories (Chairman: N/A)
 * Whole

House of Representatives

 * Accounts (Chairman: John C. Mason)
 * Agriculture (Chairman: William G. Whiteley)
 * Claims (Chairman: Samuel S. Marshall)
 * Commerce (Chairman: John Cochrane)
 * District of Columbia (Chairman: William O. Goode)
 * Elections (Chairman: Thomas L. Harris)
 * Engraving (Chairman: Garnett B. Adrain)
 * Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: John B. Haskin)
 * Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: Albert G. Talbott)
 * Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: Owen Jones)
 * Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: William Lawrence)
 * Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: Wilson Reilly)
 * Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: Allison White)
 * Foreign Affairs (Chairman: Thomas L. Clingman)
 * Indian Affairs (Chairman: Alfred B. Greenwood)
 * Invalid Pensions (Chairman: Joshua H. Jewett)
 * Judiciary (Chairman: George S. Houston)
 * Manufactures (Chairman: William D. Bishop)
 * Mileage (Chairman: Robert Smith)
 * Military Affairs (Chairman: John A. Quitman)
 * Militia (Chairman: Israel T. Hatch)
 * Naval Affairs (Chairman: Thomas S. Bocock)
 * Patents (Chairman: James A. Stewart)
 * Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: William H. English)
 * Private Land Claims (Chairman: John M. Sandidge)
 * Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Lawrence M. Keitt)
 * Public Expenditures (Chairman: John M. Elliott)
 * Public Lands (Chairman: Williamson R. W. Cobb)
 * Revisal and Unfinished Business (Chairman: William L. Dewart)
 * Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: Samuel S. Cox)
 * Revolutionary Pensions (Chairman: John Hickman)
 * Roads and Canals (Chairman: George W. Jones)
 * Rules (Select)
 * Standards of Official Conduct
 * Territories (Chairman: Alexander H. Stephens)
 * Ways and Means (Chairman: J. Glancy Jones then John S. Phelps)
 * Whole

Joint committees

 * Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Rep. Thomas G. Davidson)
 * The Library (Chairman: Rep. William H. Dimmick)
 * Printing (Chairman: Rep. Samuel A. Smith)

Caucuses

 * Democratic (House)
 * Democratic (Senate)

Legislative branch agency directors

 * Architect of the Capitol. Thomas U. Walter
 * Librarian of Congress: John Silva Meehan

Senate

 * Chaplain. Stephen P. Hill (Baptist)
 * Secretary. Asbury Dickins
 * Sergeant at Arms. Dunning R. McNair

House of Representatives

 * Chaplain: None
 * Clerk: James C. Allen
 * Doorkeeper: Robert B. Hackney, until May 17, 1858
 * Joseph L. Wright, elected May 18, 1858
 * Messenger: Thaddeus Morrice
 * Sergeant at Arms: Adam J. Glossbrenner
 * Postmaster: Michael W. Cluskey
 * Reading Clerks: